共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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高羊茅在中国北过渡带(北京)的引种适应性研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
对高羊茅在中国北过渡带的引种适应性进行了观察研究 ,主要分析了高羊茅的生长特征、特性、形成草坪的质量、草坪的持续性、草坪的越冬越夏性、草坪的抗病性等指标 ,结果表明 :高羊茅品种基本都能较好地适应北京地区的土壤气候条件 ,其抗性、草皮的持续性都较优良 ,是适应北京地区粗放性管理的优良草种 ,同时对高羊茅草坪的养护管理提出了建议。 相似文献
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攀枝花市、西昌市草坪现状调查及发展措施 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对攀枝花市、西昌市草坪现状调查表明 ,攀枝花市的草坪主要以高羊茅、狗牙根为主 ,草坪质量中等 ;西昌市草坪主要以高羊茅为主 ,草坪质量相对较差。针对发展中出现的问题 ,提出几点建议 相似文献
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为探讨修剪高度和频度对冷季型草坪草生长及外观质量的影响机理,本研究对不同修剪高度和频度下冷季型草坪草高羊茅和多年生黑麦草的生长速率及外观质量进行了研究,结果表明：及时修剪可以保持草坪整齐一致,增加美感,调节草坪生长,增加草坪密度,提高竞争力,减少杂草侵入.提出每周修剪2次比1次更能促进高羊茅和黑麦草草坪的生长;低茬比高茬修剪能促进高羊茅和黑麦草草坪的生长.从外观质量评定结果看,高羊茅/黑麦草以高茬修剪为好;修剪对高羊茅/黑麦草的根系长度和生物量的影响程度在各个处理间均不显著. 相似文献
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北京地区57个冷季型禾草草坪品种的生态适应性评价 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
在北京市顺义区克劳沃试验基地,通过不同品种高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)、紫羊茅(F.aubra)、硬羊茅(F.ovinavar.durivscula)、草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)和多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)各草坪特性指标定量测定,对各草坪草品种的生态适应性进行综合评价。结果表明:不同草坪草种的综合生态适应性多年生黑麦草最好,高羊茅次之,紫羊茅和草地早熟禾中等,硬羊茅较差。多年生黑麦草各品种的综合生态适应性以Protegeglr和Laquinta最好,Fairway最差;高羊茅各品种以Rhamldersrp、Traversersrp和Hum-mer综合表现最好,Ruby最差;紫羊茅邱氏羊茅表现最好;硬羊茅Ecostar最好;草地早熟禾则以Rush最好,Camask最差。综合比较认为,在北京地区建植草坪,多年生黑麦草适宜作先锋种或补播草种,高羊茅适宜作运动场或开放地草坪建植,草地早熟禾适宜观赏性草坪建植。 相似文献
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在昆明独特的气候条件下,通过对运动场草坪、观赏草坪和护坡草坪三类草坪混播配方的调查研究,探讨出了适应云南地区种植的9种优化组合。运动场草坪:草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)+高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)+多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.),草地早熟禾+高羊茅,草地早熟禾+狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon(L.)Pers.)+多年生黑麦草;观赏草坪:草地早熟禾+匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera L.),草地早熟禾+紫羊茅(Festuca rubra L.),草地早熟禾(优异)+草地早熟禾(蓝月)+草地早熟禾(新哥来得)+草地早熟禾(肯塔基);护坡草坪:高羊茅+多年生黑麦草+狗牙根,高羊茅+多年生黑麦草+狗牙根+白三叶(Trifolium repens L.),高羊茅+多年生黑麦草+狗牙根+白三叶+紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)。 相似文献
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采用了不同浓度的多效唑(0．8、1．0、1．3mg／g)对高羊茅草坪进行叶面喷施，以研究多效唑对高羊茅生长特性的影响。结果表明：3种不同浓度的多效唑处理均表现出显著抑制高羊茅草坪草地上部分的伸长生长的效果，1．3mg／g的多效唑处理使高羊茅生长速度和修剪量明显降低，1．0mg／g的多效唑使高羊茅草坪草的密度显著增加，明显促进高羊茅的分蘖，却使高羊茅叶绿素含量明显降低。 相似文献
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L M Lauriault C T Dougherty N W Bradley P L Cornelius 《Journal of animal science》1990,68(5):1245-1253
Livestock grazing endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams)-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) perform poorly due to tall fescue toxicosis, especially when animals are under heat stress. In order to determine whether thiamin promotes recovery from tall fescue toxicosis, 1 or 0 g of thiamin per day, as mononitrate, was fed orally to adult Angus (Bos taurus) cows (380 +/- 8 kg) grazing either tall fescue pasture with and without endophyte or alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). A tethered grazing system employing a split-plot design was used to estimate intake and components of ingestive behavior. No significant differences attributable to thiamin supplements were seen in rates of intake and biting, grazing time and intake per bite when cows grazed endophyte-infected tall fescue during the first 4 d of exposure. When cows grazed endophyte-infected (greater than 95%) tall fescue with 2,091 micrograms/g loline alkaloids after 4 d of exposure, the untreated animals ingested herbage dry matter (DM) at 1.19 kg/h, whereas the cows receiving thiamin ate 1.57 kg/h (P less than .05). Cattle achieved these rates of DM intake by forming bites of 1.0 and 1.2 g DM at 24 and 26 bites/min when treated with 0 and 1 g of thiamin per day, respectively. Thiamin supplements had no effect on ingestive behavior of cows grazing endophyte-free tall fescue or alfalfa after exposure to these forages for 4 d. Responses to thiamin generally were greater when cattle grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue were exposed to heat stress. Oral thiamin supplementation may alleviate tall fescue toxicosis of beef cattle during warm weather. 相似文献
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高温胁迫下水肥耦合对高羊茅生态性状的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用盆栽方式,在控水、控肥条件下,设计了低、中、高3个水分水平和3个养分水平,研究了在高温(38/30 ℃,昼/夜)胁迫条件下,不同水肥耦合方式对高羊茅品种凌志Festuca arundinecea cv. Barlexas生态性状的影响。结果表明：水分和养分及其耦合效应对高羊茅草坪草的生态性状有显著的影响,水肥耦合的施肥灌溉方式明显好于单纯的水分灌溉;最佳的水肥耦合方式是中水中肥（f2w2）,能最大限度地改善高羊茅草坪草的生态性状,延长高羊茅草坪草在高温胁迫下的绿期,而水分不足或淹灌以及养分不足或过多都不利于高羊茅的生长;在高温胁迫下,水分比肥料对高羊茅的作用更大。 相似文献
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Parish JA McCann MA Watson RH Hoveland CS Hawkins LL Hill NS Bouton JH 《Journal of animal science》2003,81(5):1316-1322
Nonergot alkaloid-producing endophytes from New Zealand were inserted into tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cultivars in an attempt to address the problem of fescue toxicosis in grazing sheep. A 3-yr grazing study was conducted to determine lamb performance and to evaluate toxicosis in lambs grazing nonergot alkaloid-producing endophyte-infected (AR542 or AR502), endophyte-free (E-), or wild-type toxic endophyte-infected (E+) Jesup tall fescue or nonergot alkaloid-producing endophyte-infected (AR542) Georgia-5 tall fescue. Replicated 0.11-ha tall fescue paddocks were established at the central Georgia Branch Station during September 1997 and stocked with lambs from spring 1998 through autumn 2000. Mean ergot alkaloid concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in E+ forage than in AR542, AR502, and E- tall fescue, and ergot alkaloid concentrations in E- plants and plants infected with AR542 and AR502 were low. Forage availability did not differ (P = 0.92) across treatments during autumn and was higher (P < 0.05) in Georgia-5 AR542 than in Jesup AR502 and E+ pastures. Initial serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations did not differ (P = 0.58) across treatments during autumn, but were higher on Jesup AR542 than E+ during spring. Post-treatment serum PRL concentrations were depressed (P < 0.01) on E+ compared with AR542, AR502, and E- in both spring and autumn. Signs of heat stress were observed in E+ lambs during periods of high ambient temperatures. Mean post-treatment rectal temperature and mean stocking rate exhibited treatment x year interactions (P < 0.05). Lamb ADG was higher (P < 0.05) on AR542, AR502, and E- than on E+ tall fescue. Similarly, gain/hectare was higher (P < 0.015) on AR542, AR502, and E- than on E+. Tall fescue pastures containing AR542 and AR502 endophytes yielded lamb performance that did not differ from that on E- tall fescue and which was superior to performance on E+ tall fescue. Depressed PRL concentrations and elevated rectal temperatures as indicators of toxicosis were evident only in lambs grazing E+ tall fescue, suggesting that nonergot alkaloid-producing endophyte-infected tall fescue is a viable alternative for alleviating tall fescue toxicosis. 相似文献
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高温胁迫下高羊茅草坪草生理特性研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
从美国引进的39个高羊茅草坪草种分成了5个生态类型,在1999—2000年从每类中找出一个具有典型性状的草种,测定其周年草坪坪质表现、根系活力、叶片可溶性糖含量变化,同时测定各类草种在高温胁迫下保护酶活性与质膜透性的变化。结果表明,根系活力及可溶性糖含量在一定程度上影响着草坪坪质的周年变化。同时,草坪草叶片MDA含量的增长率和草坪草叶片的质膜透性增长率具有显著的正相关效应。在40℃高温胁迫下,草坪草叶片SOD与POD相对活性和MDA含量的增长率及PMP增长率具有显著的负相关效应,5个草种对高温的抗性能力大小顺序是:Gooden>Regi ment>Tomahawk>SR-8210>Brandy。在此基础上,最后对草坪草抗性的准确快速检测方法进行了讨论。 相似文献
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3种冷季型草坪草对持续干旱、高温及其互作的生理生态响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对3种冷季型草坪草黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）、高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea L.）和早熟禾（Poa pratensis L.）进行持续干旱、高温及其互作处理,通过测定生理生态指标,揭示3种冷季型草坪草对持续干旱高温环境的生理响应机制。结果表明,处理28 d时,各处理下3种草坪草的草坪外观质量TQ和叶片萎蔫系数LWS均显著降低,干旱和高温互作对TQ的影响具有叠加效应,干旱胁迫对LWS起到关键作用。28 d时,各处理下黑麦草和早熟禾叶片相对含水量均低于50%,比胁迫第21 d分别下降了36.2%和46.9%,说明逆境胁迫明显导致草坪草叶片水分亏缺,而高羊茅叶片持水能力强于黑麦草和早熟禾,早熟禾叶片脱水速度最快。各处理下草坪草根系生物量的下降幅度高于地上部分,逆境对根系生长的影响比地上部分更敏感。3种草坪草的光合速率在逆境下显著降低,相反地叶片暗呼吸速率显著增加,两者互作下的降低或增加幅度高于单一胁迫下。各处理下早熟禾的脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量的变化幅度均高于黑麦草和高羊茅,且对干旱高温互作胁迫表现的更为敏感。通过隶属函数综合分析方法对试验测定的9个生理指标进行综合评价,3种冷季型草坪草抗干旱高温能力由强到弱依次为：高羊茅>黑麦草>早熟禾。 相似文献
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Koontz AF Bush LP Klotz JL McLeod KR Schrick FN Harmon DL 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(3):914-921
Tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) toxicosis research is often complicated by a reduction in intake of infected forage or seed, making treatment comparisons difficult. This study was conducted to develop a fescue toxicosis model that would allow for variations in DMI without altering the quantity of alkaloids consumed over the course of the experiment. Ground tall fescue seed and a tall fescue seed extract were used in two 2-period crossover experiments to determine the effectiveness of ruminal dosing of a tall fescue seed extract to induce fescue toxicosis. This experiment used 4 growing Holstein steers (BW = 337 ± 24 kg) surgically fitted with ruminal cannulas. Steers were maintained on a diet of endophyte-free fescue hay fed ad libitum throughout the experiment. Endophyte-infected (E+; 4.1 mg/kg of ergovaline) and uninfected (E-; 0.0 mg/kg of ergovaline) KY-31 tall fescue seed was ground and dosed or extracted with ethanol, concentrated, and lyophilized before ruminal dosing. Ergovaline concentration of the final extract was 102 mg/kg. Animals were given a minimum of a 3-wk washout period between treatments. Physiological indicators were measured over 7 d at 22°C (d 1 to 3) and 32°C (d 4 to 7) during both seed and extract dosing. Seed and extract E+ dosing reduced serum prolactin concentrations such that they were not different from zero (P < 0.10). Treatment with E+ reduced feed intake (P < 0.05) and heart rate (P < 0.001), and increased respiration rate (P < 0.01) and core temperature (P < 0.05) during both seed and extract dosing. Increasing environmental temperature from 22 to 32°C reduced total intake (P < 0.05) and increased core temperature (P < 0.001) and respiration rate (P < 0.001) during both seed and extract dosing. Diastolic blood pressure tended (P < 0.09) to be increased during E+ extract dosing and reduced during heat stress. These physiological alterations are consistent with those reported for cattle grazing or consuming seed from endophyte-infected tall fescue. These data indicate that a ruminally dosed ethanol extract of tall fescue seed is efficacious in inducing fescue toxicosis in cattle. 相似文献
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结缕草草坪复播高羊茅及种群竞争机理研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本文研究在结缕草草坪复播高羊茅的方法，１９９４－１９９７年连续三年测定群落中高羊茅和结缕草的密度，美国度和频度，进而探讨较为适宜的复播方法和复播效果。结果表明，每平方米复播０ｇ高羊茅是加之划土深度３ｃｍ是较适宜的复播产加复播量和加深划土深度，将增加高羊茅的优势度而减少结缕草的优势度，从而导致复合草坪群落趋向以高羊茅为优势的方向演替。 相似文献
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C T Dougherty L M Lauriault N W Bradley N Gay P L Cornelius 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(3):1008-1018
Livestock grazing endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum)-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. cv. Kentucky 31) at high ambient temperatures may suffer from fescue toxicosis. Adult Angus cows (Bos taurus) were fed 0 to 1 kg/d of 70% infected tall fescue seed containing about 4.4 g of loline alkaloids in factorial combination with thiamin at 0 or 1 g/d. Cows assigned to the zero level of tall fescue seed received a supplement of equivalent energy and protein. Ingestive behavior was measured at 1330 to 1430 EDT during two 4-d periods in two consecutive weeks in August on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) pastures using a tethered grazing system. Alfalfa intake per measured grazing session of cows given tall fescue seed declined linearly (P less than .01) as air temperatures during grazing increased above 25 degrees C, largely because of shorter grazing meals. Thiamin increased alfalfa intake per measured grazing session by extending grazing time. Alkaloids in ingested endophyte-infected tall fescue induce thiamin deficiencies in cattle that result in symptoms of tall fescue toxicosis. 相似文献
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21个高羊茅品种抗旱抗热性的生理评价 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
在遮雨温室对21个高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)品种进行高温干旱(干热)胁迫处理,观测草坪质量,叶片相对电导率,叶片相对含水量,超氧化物歧化酶活性,过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量的变化。结果表明,各品种的草坪质量,叶片相对含水量,超氧化物歧化酶活性,过氧化氢酶活性均呈下降趋势,叶片相对电导率和丙二醛含量呈上升趋势。其中,贝克、汤凯、火凤凰、红宝石、猎狗5号、野马二代、艾瑞3号的叶片相对含水量,草坪质量,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性下降幅度显著低于快乐岛、阿帕奇、阿拉比亚、三丰(P<0.05),其叶片相对电导率和丙二醛含量上升幅度也较低,说明干热胁迫对快乐岛、阿帕奇、阿拉比亚、三丰的伤害较其他品种大。层次聚类分析后,高羊茅21个品种大致被分为3个抗旱抗热级别,即贝克、汤凯、火凤凰、红宝石、猎狗5号、野马二代、艾瑞3号为相对抗旱抗热类群,交战2号、特飒、滨狗、凌志、澳格、佳美、警犬,美洲豹3号、沙漠王子、追寻者为中等抗旱抗热类群,快乐岛、阿帕奇、阿拉比亚、三丰为相对敏感类群。 相似文献