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翘嘴红鲌分类上隶属鲤科、鲌亚科、红鲌属。翘嘴红鲌俗称白条、和顺、太湖白鱼,是远近闻名的"太湖三白"之一,其个体大、生长快、肉质洁白、肉味细嫩又鲜美,为鱼中上品。目前湖泊和水库的翘嘴红鲌资源日益减少,不能满足市场需要。因此,开展翘嘴红鲌人工繁殖、池塘养殖技术、网箱养殖技术等的研 相似文献
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翘嘴红鲌池塘养殖试验初报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在自然条件下,翘嘴红鲌大多生活在敞水性的大水域中,是以小鱼虾为食的肉食性鱼类。因过度捕捞和水域污染等因素,近年来,翘嘴红鲌天然资源十分稀少,市场供不应求,价格连年上涨。此品种人工养殖研究开发较晚,直至1998年,翘嘴红鲌人工繁殖和夏花培育获得成功。2000年,浙江省德清县鱼种场繁殖翘嘴红鲌获得成功,培育了50万尾翘嘴红鲌的夏花苗种,并进行了翘嘴红鲌的池塘商品鱼养殖试验。一、材料与方法1.池塘条件 池塘2口,面积均为6亩,分别为1号池、2号池,池水平均水深1.0m,水源充足、清新、无污染,进、排水方便。2.池塘消毒 用生石灰100kg/… 相似文献
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为探究池塘内循环水"跑道"养殖与池塘传统养殖鱼类在肌肉营养品质与挥发性风味化合物方面的差异,以翘嘴鲌为研究对象,通过氨基酸自动分析仪、高效液相色谱法以及气相色谱-离子迁移谱(GC-IMS)联用技术对两种养殖方式下的翘嘴鲌肌肉进行了氨基酸、脂肪酸和挥发性风味物质的鉴定与分析,并建立了两种不同养殖模式下翘嘴鲌肌肉挥发性风味物质的指纹图谱。结果显示,两种养殖方式下的翘嘴鲌肌肉蛋白脂肪无显著性差异,"跑道"养殖组翘嘴鲌显著提高了肌肉中必需氨基酸[(8.54±0.01) g/100 g]和总氨基酸含量[(17.36±0.00) g/100 g]。在两种翘嘴鲌肌肉中共鉴定到23种挥发性风味化合物,相较于池塘传统养殖组,"跑道"养殖组提高了翘嘴鲌肌肉中2-庚酮、正己醇和1-辛烯-3-醇的含量,降低了乙醇、2-丁酮、3-羟基-2-丁酮、丁醛、3-甲基-丁醛、2-甲基-丁醛、正戊醛、正庚醛、苯甲醛、正辛醛和壬醛的含量。"跑道"养殖组翘嘴鲌相较于池塘传统养殖组,降低了部分能产生不愉悦气味的化合物的含量,具有改善肌肉挥发性气味的潜能。研究表明,"跑道"养殖翘嘴鲌在不改变肌肉成分的基础上,改善了翘嘴鲌肌肉氨基酸和风味物质的组成。以上结果为池塘内循环水"跑道"养殖模式养殖下的翘嘴鲌肉质评价提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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翘嘴红鲌是有名的“太湖三白”之一．属鲤科、鲌属。是长江流域的优质经济鱼类，其个体大，生长速度快。肉质细嫩，味道鲜美，为鱼中之上品。随着野生资源的急剧下降和市场需求量的扩大，开展翘嘴红鲌人工养殖具有很好的经济效益。为探索池塘增产增收的新途径，提高池塘养殖产品的优质率，笔者于2004年在沅江市七子浃乡永福村瓦岗湖养殖基地进行了池塘主养翘嘴红鲌的高产高效养殖试验．获得了好的经济效益。现报告如下： 相似文献
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翘嘴红鲌也称大白鱼，是深受消费者欢迎的名优鱼类，也是非常有发展前景的养殖鱼类品种。网箱养殖翘嘴红鲌适合在湖泊、水库等大中水域开展，是翘嘴红鲌的一种高效养殖方式，通常用来养殖翘嘴红鲌成鱼。 相似文献
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翘嘴红鲌生活在湖泊、水库、河流等水域的中上层，行动迅速，性情凶猛，以捕食其它小型鱼类为食。其肉质细腻，营养丰富，肉味鲜嫩，为鱼中上品。在池塘养殖中具有食性杂、生长快、个体大、适温范围广、病害少、市场价格高等优点，是近几年养殖的热门品种之一。但各地养殖效果差异较大，池塘养殖成鱼亩产50-300kg，亩效益500-2500元不等。为进一步做好翘嘴红鲌养殖推广工作，笔者根据近几年的养殖实践，将翘嘴红鲌池塘养殖的主要技术总结如下： 相似文献
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芽孢杆菌制剂对凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei肠道微生物群落的影响 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
应用Biolog方法和传统的平板培养方法分析比较了施用芽孢杆菌制剂的虾池(B)和没有施用任何有益菌的虾池(A)在养殖后期凡纳滨对虾肠道微生物群落结构,并用Shannon指数、Simpson指数和McIntosh指数分析了2种群落的代谢功能的差异。2个虾池对虾肠道微生物群落可培养细菌优势菌属都是革兰氏阴性菌;B虾池对虾肠道可培养细菌数量比A虾池的少;但B虾池对虾肠道微生物群落Shannon指数、Simpson指数和McIntosh指数及其微生物群落代谢功能均显著高于A虾池(P<0.05)。结果表明,虾池施用了芽孢杆菌制剂,可促进养殖对虾肠道微生物群落的代谢功能。 相似文献
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There is considerable interest in the culture of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in inland low‐salinity water in Alabama and other states in the Sunbelt region of the US. However, the growing season is truncated as compared with tropical or subtropical areas where this species is typically cultured, and temperature is thought to be a major factor influencing shrimp production in the US. This study, conducted at Greene Prairie Aquafarm located in west‐central Alabama, considered water temperature patterns on a shrimp farm in different ponds and different years; and sought possible effects of bottom water temperature in ponds on variation in shrimp survival, growth and production. Water temperature at 1.2 m depth in 22 ponds and air temperature were monitored at 1‐hr intervals during the 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Records of stocking rates, survival rates and production were provided by the farm owner. Correlation analysis and linear mixed model analysis of variance were used. Results showed that hourly water temperatures differed among ponds. The range of water temperature in each pond explained 41% of the variance in average final weight of shrimp harvested from each pond. In conclusion, the results suggest that variation in water temperature patterns has considerable influence on shrimp growth and survival in ponds. 相似文献
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Mass balance estimates of carbon and nitrogen flux through two extensive shrimp ponds in the Mekong delta, Vietnam, were constructed to identify major sources and sinks of organic matter potentially available for shrimp production. Nutrient transformations in the sediments were measured to further assess rates of decomposition and burial and quality of organic matter. Tidal exchange was the major pathway for inputs and outputs of carbon and nitrogen in both ponds, with net primary production, nitrogen fixation and precipitation being minor inputs. No fertilizers or artificial feeds were added to either pond. The nutrient budgets identified burial and respiration as the next most important outputs after tidal exchange losses of particulate and dissolved carbon and nitrogen. There was no measurable denitrification in either pond, and volatilization was negligible. Mineralization efficiency of carbon in the water column was high (> 100%) in pond 23 reflecting rapid respiration rates; efficiency was lower (36%) in pond 12 waters. Mineralization efficiency of sediment nutrients averaged 34% for C and 41% for N in the pond with a higher annual shrimp yield (pond 12); lower mineralization efficiencies (11% for C, 10% for N) were calculated for the lower yield pond (pond 23). High burial efficiencies for both C (66–89%) and N (59–90%) in the sediments of both ponds suggest that little organic matter was shunted into biological production. Conversion efficiency for shrimp averaged 16% for C and 24% for N from pond 12, and 6% for C and 18% for N from pond 23. The high quantity but low quality of organic matter entering the ponds coupled with other factors, such as poor water quality, limits shrimp productivity. On average, nutrient outputs were greater than inputs in both ponds. This imbalance partly explains why shrimp yields are declining in these ponds. 相似文献
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在6口面积均为0.4 hm2的微咸水池中养殖凡纳滨对虾,密度为7.5×105尾/hm2,其中4口混养锦鲤,密度分别为1500、3000、60001、2 000尾/hm2,研究混养锦鲤对凡纳滨对虾池水质及产量影响。结果表明:混养池水质比较稳定,透明度、NH4+-N和NO2--N波动幅度较小且数值较低,混养池对虾平均产量为3345 kg/hm2,比单养池平均产量2268 kg/hm2高47.5%,其中混养锦鲤3000尾/hm2的池虾产量最高,达到3765 kg/hm2。 相似文献
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室内集约化养虾池以低频率运转水处理系统调控水质效果及氮磷收支 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用低频率运转循环水处理系统(含粗滤器、臭氧仪、气液混合器,蛋白分离器、暗沉淀池等)联用池内设施(微泡曝气增氧机与净水网)开展凡纳滨对虾室内集约化养殖实验。研究了养虾池以水处理系统调控水质效果及氮磷收支。结果表明,养虾水经系统处理后,NO2-N(53.4%～64.5%)、CODMn(53.4%～94.4%)与TAN(31.6%～40.4%)被显著去除,有效改进虾池水质;养殖周期内未换水与用药,虾池主要水化指标均控制在对虾生长安全范围,7号实验池(100 d)与8号对照池(80 d)主要水化指标变化范围:DO分别为 5.07～6.70 mg/L和4.38～6.94 mg/L,TAN 0.248～0.561 mg/L和0.301～0.794 mg/L,NO2-N 0.019～0.311 mg/L和0.012～0.210 mg/L,CODMn 10.88～21.22 mg/L和11.65～23.34 mg/L。7号池对虾生长指数优于8号池(80 d虾病暴发终止),单位水体产量分别为1.398 kg/m2与0.803 kg/m2。氮磷收支估算结果:7号与8号池饲料氮磷分别占总收入:氮93.70%与92.37%,磷98.77%与99.09%;初始水层与虾苗含氮共占总收入6.30%与7.63%,磷共占1.23%与0.91%。总水层(含排污水)氮磷分别占总输出:氮56.45%与59.86%,磷53.26%与55.79%;收获虾体氮磷分别占总输出:氮37.07%与31.94%,磷21.37%与13.11%。7号池饲料转化率较高;池水渗漏与吸附等共损失氮磷分别占总输出:氮7.00%与9.34%,磷25.37%与31.10%。实验结果表明,虾池以低频率运转循环水处理系统联用池内设施可有效控制水质与虾病,具较高饲料转化率。 相似文献
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A 120-acre shrimp farm located in southeast Texas has failed for three years to produce expected yields of shrimp despite intensive management. Data obtained from these ponds are combined with observations from other culture facilities to support the hypothesis that the degree of mixing of pond water is the primary limitation to oxygenation of the benthic biomass in a shrimp culture pond. The implication of this conclusion is that shrimp ponds are advection limited; therefore, rational design of such facilities will require detailed data concerning the impact of interactions of pond size, depth and geometry with wind speed, and aerator placement, upon pond mixing. 相似文献
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强降雨对粤西凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘微生物群落的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于强台风"莫拉菲"环流云系带来的持续强降雨天气前后(2009年7月14日和7月28日),对广东省茂名市电白县凡纳滨对虾半集约化养殖土池的水样和泥样进行调查,研究施用微生态制剂和未施用微生态制剂的虾池水体及底泥中的异养细菌、弧菌和芽孢杆菌的变化情况,并利用BIOLOGECO微板对水体和底泥的微生物群落代谢变化进行探讨。结果发现,定期施用微生态制剂的虾池水体和底泥中的细菌数量和微生物群落功能在强降雨前后基本保持稳定;未施用微生态制剂的虾池在强降雨后,水体的弧菌数升高,Simpson指数和McIntosh指数显著降低(P0.05),水体和底泥微生物群落对碳源的利用率变化明显。研究结果表明,与施用微生态制剂的虾池相比较,未施用微生态制剂的虾池在强降雨后,水体及沉积物环境波动变化明显,强降雨对其水域环境产生很大的影响。因此建议在对虾养殖过程中定期施用微生态制剂,并针对恶劣天气采取有效措施,以稳定虾池水体及沉积物的微生物生态。 相似文献
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The effectiveness of a commercial microbial product in poorly prepared tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius), ponds 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The efficacy of a commercial microbial product was tested in commercial tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius), ponds for one culture period in Kuala Selangor, Malaysia. Four ponds with replicates for treatment and control were used. The pond bottom was dried but the organic sludge was not removed as normally practised in pond preparation. The ponds were stocked with 15 post‐larvae at the rate of 31.m?2. Physical, chemical and biological parameters of the pond were analysed every 2 weeks during the culture period. Water quality parameters remained within the optimum range for shrimp culture except for ammonia‐nitrogen being significantly higher in control ponds and silica in treated ponds. Benthic organisms were not found in any of the ponds. The average counts of different bacteria were not significantly higher in treated ponds than control. Because of poor health, the shrimp were harvested earlier (72 days) than the usual 120 days. An average of 875.60 ± 67.00 kg shrimp ha?1 was obtained in treated ponds with a feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.57 ± 0.10 and survival rate of 42.35 ± 5.37% compared with 719.50 ± 130.94 kg shrimp ha?1, 2.99 ± 0.70 and 21.25 ± 3.26%, respectively, in control ponds. Neither the microbial product nor the frequent water exchange was effective in overcoming the problems caused by the poor pond bottom. 相似文献
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Characterization of microbial communities in intensive GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) pond systems during the peak period of breeding 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jiazhang Chen Shunlong Meng Chao Song Liping Qiu Gengdong Hu Pao Xu 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(2):459-472
Aquaculture pond is a complex ecosystem where the microorganisms in the sediments, in the animal intestinal tract and in water interact with each other to influence the water quality and health of aquatic animals. In order to understand the spatial distribution and relationship of microbial communities in intensively farmed genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus), 454 high‐throughput pyrosequencing was applied to analyse the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria in intensive GIFT ponds in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China. A total of 72 747 initial sequences were obtained from four depths of pond water, from tilapia large intestines and from pond sediment. The most common phylum in all samples was Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were the most abundant in water, Fusobacteria and Firmicutes in the large intestine and Chloroflexi in sediment samples. The sediment microbial community structure was comparatively similar to that of the tilapia large intestine. The microbial communities from different water depths were somewhat similar, especially the three most shallow samples, although the abundance of Actinobacteria gradually decreased with increased water depth. This data offer a preliminary exploration of the response mechanisms of the bacterial communities to aquafarming and contributes to the understanding of the status of bacterial communities of tilapia pond systems during the peak period of breeding from the aspect of their spatial distributions. 相似文献
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通过测定凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能和监测池塘水质变化,研究分段养殖模式在对虾养殖过程中的应用价值.养殖实验在6口池塘内(0.267 hm2/口)进行,首先在其中2口池塘内进行对虾的中间培育,养殖密度为300×104尾/hm2.经过36 d和48 d的中间培育后,将对虾先后转移到其他4口池塘内,养殖密度为60×104尾/hm2,分别记为T1和T2组.剩余的对虾继续养殖在中间培育池塘内,记为C组.结果显示,经过分段养殖的T1和T2组对虾,在分池养殖阶段7d内,生长速度均明显增加,其特定生长率(SGR)分别达到9.36 ％/d和6.76 ％/d;养殖期间,T1组具有最大的SGR (9.36 ％/d)和饲料投喂量,然而其饲料系数(FCR) (1.053)高于T2组(0.822);经过分段养殖的对虾FCR均低于C组(1.082).在分池养殖阶段的大部分时间,T2组对虾的SGR高于T1组;C组NH4+-N、NO2-N和Chl-a浓度低于T1组和T2组,而颗粒物含量(TPM)和总磷(TP)高于T1组和T2组;T2组Chl-a含量明显高于T1组和C组.结果显示,经过48 d中间培育后,即对虾体重约为2 g时进行分池养殖仍可保证对虾在较长时间内保持较大的生长速度,对于饲料的节约具有重要意义.由于分池养殖阶段具有较多的饲料投喂,经过36 d中间培育后的对虾具有最大产量.分池养殖池塘内饲料投喂少于全期养殖,有利于养殖系统的稳定,然而单位时间内投喂量增加则会影响水质.分段养殖模式在提高分池养殖阶段对虾的生长速度和保持水质稳定方面具有重要的应用价值. 相似文献