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1.
The concentrations of several post mortem aqueous humour chemical constituents were compared with ante mortem serum chemical values in the horse. Urea nitrogen and creatinine values in post mortem aqueous humour were good predictors of ante mortem serum values. Aqueous humour urea nitrogen increased only slightly and creatinine did not change significantly for up to 24 h after death. Formulae were derived for calculating estimated ante mortem serum urea nitrogen and creatinine from aqueous humour values obtained after death. These results from normal horses identify analytes that are accurate predictors of ante mortem serum values. Determination of post mortem aqueous humour urea nitrogen of creatinine may assist in interpretation of the functional significance of equivocal histological lesions in the kidney. 相似文献
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Detailed post mortem examination of the lungs of horses with exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) has demonstrated significant small airway disease and intense bronchial arterial proliferation in the dorsocaudal lungfields. The purpose of this study was to investigate ventilation and perfusion distribution in the lungs of a similar group of horses to compare changes in the live animal with the previously reported post mortem findings. Thoracic radiography and ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy were performed on five racing Thoroughbreds with recent histories of EIPH. Parametric images of V/Q ratios for left and right lungfields were also generated from the scan images. In all horses, ventilation and perfusion deficits were demonstrated in the dorsocaudal areas of the lung corresponding closely to the observed radiographic lesions. In particular, the perfusion images and V/Q ratio displays indicated that, in affected areas of lung, pulmonary arterial perfusion was the more seriously impaired. This finding appears to confirm the post mortem evidence of reduced pulmonary arterial perfusion and bronchial arterial dominance in these areas. Ventilation deficits in the same areas also confirmed the likelihood of partial airway obstruction consistent with the small airway disease noted in previous post mortem observations. These results suggest that the vascular and airway lesions demonstrated in detailed post mortems of horses with EIPH are also functionally important in affected horses, even at rest. As a consequence of the apparent persistent, insidious and progressive nature of the lesions associated with EIPH there are serious long term implications for management of the condition. 相似文献
4.
Tegtmeier C Arnbjerg J 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(3):229-234
The aim of the study was to evaluate radiology as a technique to visualize pulmonary lesions in young calves, e.g. as a selection criterion for research animals in order to eliminate animals with lung lesions prior to experimental studies of pneumonia. Five calves with acute clinical signs of pneumonia were included in a direct comparative study of radiological and post mortem findings. Also, a number of animals with no signs of pneumonia were included as controls. The study revealed good agreement between the radiological and post mortem findings. Thus, in conclusion, radiology should be considered as a useful objective tool to predict the presence of pulmonary lesions in young calves. 相似文献
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The simultaneous occurrence of bronchiolar-alveolar carcinoma and large cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung is reported in a 12-year-old Australian terrier. Radiological findings in this case indicated diffuse infiltration but were nonspecific. Cytological examination of a fine needle lung aspirate and post mortem examination confirmed the presence of two concurrent forms of pulmonary neoplasia. 相似文献
6.
Effects of water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation on post mortem glycolysis,AMP‐activated protein kinase and meat quality of broilers after transport during summer 
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下载免费PDF全文 Nannan Jiang Tong Xing Minyi Han Shaolin Deng Xinglian Xu 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(5):718-728
Effects of water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation on post mortem glycolysis, adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and meat quality of broilers after transport during summer were investigated in the present paper. A total of 105 mixed‐sex Arbor Acres broilers were divided into three treatment groups: (i) 45 min transport without rest (T); (ii) 45 min transport with 1 h rest (TR); and (iii) 45 min transport with 15 min water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation and 45 min rest (TWFR). Each treatment consisted of five replicates with seven birds each. The results indicated that the water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation could mitigate the stress caused by transport under high temperature conditions during summer, which reduced the energy depletion in post mortem Pectoralis major (PM) muscle. This resulted in a higher energy status compared to the T group, which would decrease the expression of phosphorylation of AMPK (p‐AMPK). Furthermore, decreased the expression of p‐AMPK then slowed down the rate of glycolysis in post mortem PM muscle during the early post mortem period, which in turn lessened the negative effects caused by transport on meat quality. In conclusion, water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation may be a better method to control the incidence of the pale, soft and exudative meat in broilers. 相似文献
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A five‐year‐old domestic shorthair cat underwent general anaesthesia and tooth extractions. Immediately after use of a high‐speed, air‐driven, water‐cooled dental drill, the cat suffered cardiac arrest and attempted resuscitation was unsuccessful. Post‐mortem radiographs showed air in the vena cava, right atrium, right auricle and right ventricle, hepatic and renal veins. These findings were confirmed at post‐mortem examination. The cause of death was massive air embolism. There are reports of fatal venous air embolism in the human literature from the use of high‐speed, air‐driven, water‐cooled dental drills. In this case, we believe that the air jet from the cooling system provided an enormous pressure gradient allowing air entry through an alveolar bone fracture or the inflamed gingival tissues. This is the first report of fatal venous air embolism associated with the use of a high‐speed dental drill in the veterinary literature. 相似文献
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M W O'Callaghan J R Pascoe T R O'Brien W J Hornof D K Mason 《Equine veterinary journal》1987,19(5):419-422
This study was initiated to determine if the extent and intensity of lung lesions associated with exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) in horses could be predicted from thoracic radiographs. Sets of thoracic radiographs from 24 horses with varied histories of EIPH were subjectively coded for radiographic quality, and perceived extent and intensity of diffuse interstitial opacity by three radiologists who had no knowledge of the corresponding autopsy results. Codes assigned from radiographs for the chosen parameters were compared with coded estimates of lung surface staining assigned at post mortem and volume measurements of haemosiderin deposits and bronchial arterial neovascularisation recorded from lung slices in separate studies. The non-parametric Spearman rank correlation test was used to test for statistical significance. All radiographically coded estimates of lesion severity were positively correlated with post mortem measurements of actual lesion involvement, but only the correlation between coded estimates of lesion opacity versus haemosiderin deposits and bronchial artery neovascularisation were statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Correlations between radiographic codes for lesion extent versus haemosiderin deposits and neovascularisation were just beyond the level of significance (P greater than 0.05 less than 0.1). These findings indicate that there are graded, radiographically discernible increases in interstitial opacity related to actual lesion severity. However, under the conditions of the study, accurate prediction of lung pathology in individual cases based on radiographic criteria was precluded by the wide variance of the coded values. The authors believe that with good radiographic technique and careful criteria selection, satisfactory prediction of lesion severity in EIPH cases could be achieved. 相似文献
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Eight out of 10 lambs died within six to 11 hours after occlusion of the cranial mesenteric blood vessels by a snare placed around both the artery and vein. Death resulted from shock and was accompanied by post mortem findings identical to those seen in red gut. It is suggested that the cause of death in the naturally occurring disease is from arrested mesenteric blood flow following intestinal torsion. 相似文献
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Thirty-five merlins (Falco columbarius) were examined post mortem and 13 clinically. Eleven of the latter were captive birds. In eight of the cases examined post mortem no diagnosis could be made but another eight died of a fatty liver-kidney syndrome. Other causes of death included enteritis/proventriculitis (three birds), coccidiosis (three) and septicaemia (two). A variety of incidental findings was noted, for example, parasites and non-fatal lesions. Of the 13 clinical cases, five had bumblefoot and two each had fractures and reproductive failure. There were individual instances of other diseases. The merlin is declining in numbers in Britain and little is known of its susceptibility to disease or causes of mortality. Data on captive birds can provide valuable information in this respect. 相似文献
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Differences in calpain system,desmin degradation and water holding capacity between commercial Meishan and Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred pork 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Juan Wang Xiang‐lin Yan Rui Liu Qing‐quan Fu Guang‐hong Zhou Wan‐gang Zhang 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(1):109-116
The objective of this study was to examine the differences in calpain system, desmin degradation, pH values and water holding capacity (WHC) between muscles of commercial Meishan and Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred pigs. Meishan pork presented better WHC evidenced by lower purge loss at days 1 and 3 and less centrifugation loss at day 1 post mortem (P < 0.05). pH values at 45 min post mortem in Meishan pork were significantly higher compared to crossbred pork (P < 0.05). Calpain‐1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was lower in Meishan pork compared to that from crossbred pork (P < 0.05). Additionally, calpain‐1 activity, the ratio of calpain‐1 to calpastatin activity and desmin degradation were lower in Meishan pork compared to those from crossbred pork samples (P < 0.05). The results indicate that the calpain system including mRNA expression and activity were different between commercial Meishan and crossbred pork resulting in difference in the degree of desmin degradation during post mortem aging. pH values at 45 min and 24 h post mortem rather than calpain activity and desmin degradation could explain the higher water holding capacity in commercial Meishan pork. 相似文献
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J. van Hoof 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(1):29-36
Summary The course of post‐mortem breakdown of glycogen and ATP in turkey pectoralis major muscle was markedly influenced by several ante‐ and peri‐mortem variables. Application of a proper stunning procedure was highly effective in preventing peri‐ and post‐mortem muscle stress reactions. The physiological level of glycogen and ATP was not significantly affected by road transportation covering 260 km. Birds which rested for 24 hrs following transportation had lower glycogen and ATP levels at the moment of slaughter than non‐rested birds. According to the changes in the rate and extent of post‐mortem biochemical reactions, several meat characteristics such as water‐holding capacity, colour, and tenderness were significantly changed. Furthermore, the results also indicate that turkey breast muscle is susceptible to a PSE‐like condition as described in pork. 相似文献
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The clinical and post mortem features of 11 cases of lymphosarcoma involving the thoracic cavity are reviewed. The clinical findings included inappetence, weight loss, pectoral oedema, dyspnoea, pleural effusion and distension of the jugular veins. Dysphagia was present in three cases. At post mortem examination lesions were found in the abdomen as well as the chest in eight cases; clinical signs of abdominal disease were present in two cases. The features of nine other similar cases recorded in the literature are reviewed. 相似文献
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1. Within a large flock of turkey toms (2000 BUT9 conventionally reared and slaughtered), early muscle pH measurements were randomly done to distinguish two groups of birds presenting low (fast glycolysing, GR) or normal (normal glycolysing, GN) values. 2. Subsequently, ultimate pH values and meat quality parameters were also recorded. Meat quality parameters from GR or GN samples differ more or less indicating more or less severe PSE conditions. Proteins extracted from the samples at 20 min post mortem were similar while they differed greatly at 24 h post mortem. Moreover, among the GR birds, a subgroup of animals (called AB) presented SDS-PAGE profiles largely different from other GR or GN birds. 3. All the subsequent analysis developed on meat quality parameters as well as for protein extractabilities also differed between AB and other animals indicating that they must be considered differently in term of PSE syndrome development. 4. Western blots against Myosin Heavy Chain and actin at 24 h post mortem indicate that myofibrillar protein alterations are different in AB and GR or GN samples. 5. At 20 min post mortem, glycogen content was lowest in AB samples while the glycolytic potential was similar in all samples at the time of death. Measurements of PFK enzyme specific activity did not indicate a different regulation of post mortem glycolysis in AB samples. 6. Our results suggest that a unique pH measurement at 20 min post is insufficient to detect animals more prone to developing a severe PSE syndrome in turkeys. In consequence, it is suggested that a more precise evaluation of the kinetics of pH and temperature decrease has to be conducted to understand the aetiology of meat quality parameter alterations in poultry. 相似文献
15.
G Appel 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1991,98(5):187-190
It is reported on deaths of pigs due to lightning stroke in the barn. During a severe thunder storm 11 clinically healthy pigs with an average weight of approx. 22 kg died simultaneously and suddenly in the barn. The animals were kept on a floor of metal slats. The pens were separated by metal bars. A water pipe leading into the barn from outside had contact to the bars. Two pigs were submitted for an examination approx. three hours post mortem. The macroscopic and microscopic necropsy findings are described. 相似文献
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J. R. Vasey 《Australian veterinary journal》1981,57(9):418-421
SUMMARY: The case history, clinical findings, surgical procedure and post mortem results are described of a horse showing signs of colic which at surgery had both a direct and an indirect left inguinal hernia. The etiology of inguinal hernias in the horse and the surgical management of the direct inguinal hernia are discussed. 相似文献
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The history, clinical signs and post mortem findings in a cow with metastatic pulmonary calcification and calcific arteriosclerosis after vitamin D3 treatment are described. 相似文献
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A series of 31 thoroughbreds and 18 non-thoroughbreds was examined post mortem to assess what bacteria might be present in the lower respiratory tract, and to assess their significance by correlating the bacteriological findings with histological changes in the lung. The distal trachea and seven representative lung sites were swabbed in each case. Sixty-six per cent of the sites were sterile with remaining sites producing scanty growths of mainly coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp., E. coli, Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Anaerobes, mainly Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides oralis, were only recovered on enrichment media and were isolated more frequently from the right lung than the left. More bacterial species were isolated from thoroughbreds than non-thoroughbreds. Significant inflammation was absent in the majority of lungs examined and this correlated well with the large percentage of sterile sites and low number of potential pathogens. The results indicate that the lower respiratory tract of horses is normally sterile or may contain small numbers of bacteria of low pathogenicity. Chlamydia and respiratory viruses were not isolated from any horse. 相似文献
19.
A retrospective study of 24 cases of inflammation of carpal extensors (m. extensor carpi radialis, m. extensor digitorum communis, m. abductor digiti I longus) was conducted. The findings of anamnestic, clinical, and post-mortem investigations are described. Half of the patients were first calf heifers at the ages of 2 1/2 to 3 years. The rest of the animals were older cows (with one exception). In all of the young cows the disease had become apparent within 11 weeks post partum. The most striking clinical finding is the posture of the animals when lying down: the affected forelimbs are extended forward. Palpation reveals a homogeneous firm swelling of the cranial portion of the forearm. Most of the patients also had pododermatitis in hind and/or front legs, and exhibited signs of a systemic reaction in the form of "polysynovitis" and raised serum total protein concentrations. Post mortem examination revealed a hemorrhagic edematous impregnation of the distal part of the radial carpal extensor muscle and particularly of its fascia. The tendon and tendon sheath had unclear contours and were swollen. Histologically the lesions are typical of subacute granulating inflammation. As to the cause, it is assumed that the ailment is a significant complication of some other disease of the locomotion system. Type and localization of the lesions suggest a traumatic etiology. Therapeutic results have been unsatisfactory. 相似文献
20.
Takanori NISHIMURA Suhong FANG Toshiaki ITO Jun‐ichi WAKAMATSU Koui TAKAHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(6):716-721
We studied structural changes in the endomysium and perimysium during postmortem aging of pork using the cell‐maceration/scanning electron microscope method. Immediately post mortem, endomysia sheaths that house individual muscle fibers displayed a honeycomb‐like structure. The sheaths of the endomysium consisted of tightly arranged collagen fibrils in a random network. The perimysium comprised several layers of wavy sheets made up of tightly bundled collagen fibers. While the structure of the intramuscular connective tissues remained almost unchanged up to five days post mortem, the endomysium had resolved into individual collagen fibrils, and the thick sheets of the perimysium had separated into collagen fibers and fibrils at 8 days post mortem. These results provide direct evidence for structural weakening of the endomysium and perimysium during postmortem aging of pork. The shear‐force value of raw pork decreased rapidly within six days post mortem and then decreased slowly until 14 days post mortem. Since the rapid increase in tenderness is mainly due to structural weakening of myofibrils, we conclude that the disintegration of the endomysium and perimysium contributes to tenderization of pork during extended postmortem aging. 相似文献