共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
生物脱胶苎麻纤维性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用一种简便、廉价的细菌脱胶方法对苎麻进行脱胶，研究脱胶后的苎麻纤维性能。结果表明，苎麻细菌脱胶后残胶率1．82％，达到了脱胶要求。且松散了苎麻纤维横截面组织结构，对苎麻中纤维素无破坏，提高了上染色率12％左右，单纤维强力比碱液脱胶的大0．15N／tex，对白度影响不大。说明该脱胶法是一种绿色生产工艺。 相似文献
4.
苎麻属野生植物农艺性状、纤维物理性能及其相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对苎麻属野生植物农艺性状、纤维物理性能及其二者相关性进行研究,结果表明:苎麻属植物各农艺性状值表现均不及栽培苎麻,尤以茎粗、鲜皮厚度、鲜皮重和原麻重表现较甚,分别较对照减幅为42.37％～77.97％、20.00 ％～70.00％、54.92％ ～98.77％和67.90％～98.83％;野生植物中密球苎麻、水苎麻和疏毛水苎麻的纤维细度较高,分别较栽培苎麻高出27.89％、23.81％和6.73％,表明野生苎麻中存在高细度优良基因;纤维细度除与原麻长度呈较小正相关性外,与其它农艺性状指标达不同程度负相关;说明苎麻属野生种质在提高栽培苎麻产量上应用价值不大,但在提供选育优良纤维基因,改善纤维品质上具有重要应用价值. 相似文献
5.
应用一种简便、廉价的细菌脱胶方法对苎麻进行脱胶,研究脱胶后的苎麻纤维性能.结果表明,苎麻细菌脱胶后残胶率1.82%,达到了脱胶要求.且松散了苎麻纤维横截面组织结构,对苎麻中纤维素无破坏,提高了上染色率12%左右,单纤维强力比碱液脱胶的大0.15N/tex,对白度影响不大.说明该脱胶法是一种绿色生产工艺. 相似文献
6.
在利用苎麻雄性不育材料时,需要明确其基本农艺性状、与父本花期相遇、开花结实能力及后代生长发育等情况。雄性不育系的选育和研究是苎麻杂种优势利用的关键基础。本研究采用隶属函数法分析了9份雄性不育苎麻种质的农艺性状、纤维品质和结实能力,结果表明:弯子苎麻和黄小叶的农艺性状优势明显。弯子苎麻在头麻、二麻、三麻年均纤维细度都达到2000公支以上,显著高于其他种质,高抗花叶病但耐旱性中等。9份种质都可天然结实,黄小叶结实能力最高,达到150 g/蔸,弯子苎麻的结实能力中等,为47 g/蔸。园青5号的千粒重最高,达到0.11 g,弯子苎麻的千粒重为0.08 g。红圆麻和园青5号的发芽势明显高于其他种质,分别达到了36%和29%,弯子苎麻发芽势为15%。综合分析弯子苎麻农艺性状和纤维品质俱佳,结实能力中等,发芽势尚可,可作为杂种优势利用的首选亲本。 相似文献
7.
汉(大)麻与其它纤维素纤维染色性能研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文在汉麻纤维化学组分分析的基础上，利用中温活性染料，对多种纤维素纤维的染色性能进行了测定。研究了不同组成成分对汉麻纤维染色性能的影响，比较了汉麻纤维与其它纤维素纤维的上染百分率和上染速率的差异。结果表明，果胶和木质素的含量对汉麻纤维的染色性能均有不同程度的影响，但果胶的影响较木质素更为明显，汉麻纤维的染色性能与苎麻接近，但比棉纤维要差。更低于再生纤维素纤维。 相似文献
8.
遮荫与收获期对苎麻纤维化学成分的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文就遮荫与收获期对苎麻纤维化学成分的影响进行了研究。结果表明，早收麻原麻的水分，水溶性，果胶含量较高，木质素，半纤维素，纤维素含量较低，遮荫麻各化学成分含量表现出与早收麻一致的趋势。 相似文献
9.
本文就遮荫与收获期对苎麻纤维化学成分的影响进行了研究。结果表明,早收麻原麻的水分、水溶物、果胶含量较高;木质素、半纤维素、纤维素含量较低。遮荫麻各化学成分含量表现出与早收麻一致的趋势。 相似文献
10.
传统的观念和不少的研究工作者都认为,苎麻品种的纤维高产和优质是一对矛盾,统一起来比较困难。对纤维产量和质量的研究,特别是对育种材料的早期鉴定,多数从品种的植株高度、茎的粗度、分株特性等农艺性状方面入手进行。这对于苎麻的育种工作曾有过很大的帮助。 相似文献
11.
In effort to improve the soft properties of ramie fiber, we synthesized a carboxylate-containing polymer for use as a modifying agent, and successfully modified the ramie fiber in a strong base with the carboxylate-containing polymer. We applied Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the structures of the raw and modified ramie fibers, and further investigated the mechanical and dyeing properties of the raw and modified ramie fibers. The results showed that the surface of the ramie fiber underwent significant changes due to the grafting reaction of the carboxylate-containing polymer and fiber. After the chemical modification, the flexural strength and initial modulus of the modified ramie fiber decreased while tensile strength increased, indicating that the softness of the modified ramie fiber increased though its tensile resistance remained high. In addition, the fixation of reactive dyes on the modified ramie fiber was larger than that of the reactive dyes on the raw ramie fiber. Our observations of mechanical properties and dye fixation indicated that the carboxylate-containing polymer is an effective and efficient soft modifier. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
15.
通过田间试验,研究了苎麻(Boehmeria nivea L.)品种中苎1号(Zhongzhu No.1)、多倍体1号(Tri-1)和湘苎3号(Xiangzhu NO.3)株高、茎粗、分株数、有效株率、鲜皮厚度、鲜皮出麻率6个产量构成因素和鲜皮产量、原麻产量在2017-2019年变化特征和趋势,并对苎麻产量构成因素与苎麻产量之间进行了相关性分析。结果表明,3年田间试验中3个苎麻品种的鲜皮产量和原麻产量变化趋势不同。随着年份增加,湘苎3号的原麻产量和鲜皮产量呈明显上升趋势;中苎1号的鲜皮产量有明显上升趋势,但原麻产量上升趋势不明显;多倍体1号则是鲜皮产量呈上升趋势,上升幅度与中苎1号相近,而原麻产量则变化趋于稳定。3个苎麻品种鲜皮产量的变异系数按照大小排列为:湘苎3号>多倍体1号>中苎1号,分别为12.43%、6.00%和4.83%;原麻产量的变异系数为湘苎3号>中苎1号>多倍体1号,分别是10.01%、9.63%和6.62%,3个苎麻品种的株高、分株数、有效株率与原麻产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数按大小顺序依次为分株数(r=0.71)>株高(r=0.62)=有效株率(r=0.62);苎麻的株高、茎粗、分株数和有效株率与鲜皮产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数r分别为0.72、0.48、0.72和0.64。 相似文献
16.
Jiugang Yuan Yuanyuan Yu Qiang Wang Xuerong Fan Shaoyu Chen Ping Wang 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(8):1254-1260
For a long time, alkali is the main modification reagent for ramie modification due to its good effect and low cost. However, the large consumption of alkali in the processing leads to a serious pollution to the environment. To develop a new eco-friendly modification method, a mixed green solvent composed of 95 wt% 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid and 5 wt% water was employed in the paper. The swelling ratio, surface composition and crystal index was studied in detail with video microscope, FTIR and XRD analysis. Results showed that the solvent system had a distinct swelling effect on ramie. The crystal index of ramie fiber decreased from 74.2 % to 54.5 % after the treatment. Otherwise, the modification also removed some gummy substances including 75 % content of pectin in ramie. These changes improved the wetability and dyeing properties of ramie. However, the treatment also did much harm to the tensile strength. 相似文献
17.
The surface topography, tensile properties, and thermal properties of ramie fibers were investigated as reinforcement for
fully biodegradable and environmental-friendly ‘green’ composites. SEM micrographs of a longitudinal and cross-sectional view
of a single ramie fiber showed a fibrillar structure and rough surface with irregular cross-section, which is considered to
provide good interfacial adhesion with polymer resin in composites. An average tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and fracture
strain of ramie fibers were measured to be 627 MPa, 31.8 GPa, and 2.7 %, respectively. The specific tensile properties of
the ramie fiber calculated per unit density were found to be comparable to those of E-glass fibers. Ramie fibers exhibited
good thermal stability after aging up to 160°C with no decrease in tensile strength or Young’s modulus. However, at temperatures
higher than 160°C the tensile strength decreased significantly and its fracture behavior was also affected. The moisture content
of the ramie fiber was 9.9%. These properties make ramie fibers suitable as reinforcement for ‘green’ composites. Also, the
green composites can be fabricated at temperatures up to 160°C without reducing the fiber properties. 相似文献
18.
The chemical and morphological properties of ramie fibers treated by chemical surface modification were examined with Fourier
transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The mechanical and thermal decomposition properties were evaluated with respect to
tensile strength, tensile modulus and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Surface morphological changes were investigated with
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, the capabilities of composites reinforced with various chemically treated fibers
were analyzed by investigating tensile and impact strengths. Additionally, the thermal mechanical properties of the composites
were investigated with thermal mechanical analysis (TMA). Based on the results of these analyses, we concluded that pectin,
lignin and hemicellulose were removed and thermal stability was increased with chemical treatments. The composites reinforced
with ramie fiber showed better properties compared with pure PLA matrix with respect to tensile and impact strengths. The
peroxide-treated fiber composite had the smallest thermal expansion. 相似文献