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1.
为了研究松木粉的加压气化特性,在加压热天平上分别进行了N_2、CO_2+N_2气氛下松木粉加压热解/气化试验,使用Malek法推断最概然机理,研究了反应压力与对热解/气化特性和动力学参数的影响。结果表明:压力对松木粉热解/气化过程有显著影响。N_2气氛下,压力的增大抑制了挥发分的析出,最大失质量由73.8%减小至71.4%;Malek法推断出二级反应级数和随机成核分别为加压热解第1、第2段最概然机理;热解第一段活化能由压力为0时41.15 k J/mol增大至0.9 MPa时的52.41 k J/mol。在CO_2+N_2气氛下,热解阶段压力的增大抑制挥发分的析出;半焦气化阶段,压力的增大促进气化反应的进行,使失质量速率峰值由0.101%/K增大至0.162%/K,且出现温度降低;二维扩散(圆柱形对称)为加压气化最概然机理;随着压力的提高,在碳转化率较高时,半焦CO_2气化速率逐渐提高。该文结果可为生物质的高效、清洁利用提供参考依据。 相似文献
2.
花生壳热解试验及其剩余物特性红外光谱分析 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
为有效控制生物质热解反应终温,本文在热分仪上,分别以40℃／min和60℃／min二种不同升温速率进行了花生壳热解试验,并以花生壳及其热解反应过程中缓慢热解反应阶段（≥400℃）剩余物为原料,对其进行傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱分析。结果表明：不同升温速率对不同温度时的热解试验剩余物成分影响不大,光谱曲线趋于一致,在450℃以下,剩余物的成分随着温度而变化,从450℃到600℃,FTIR光谱图上的透光率已经没有明显变化。因此,生物质热解反应终温应控制在450℃左右。 相似文献
3.
为全面了解木屑及其水热炭的差异,获取更多关于水热炭作为化工燃料的使用特性。该文使用热重分析仪和傅里叶红外光谱仪对比研究了木屑及其水热炭在热解过程(10℃/min升温速率)中的失重特性及其官能团变化,分析了升温速率(10、20、30℃/min)对2种样品热解失重过程的影响,采用DAEM(分布活化能模型)计算了2种样品不同转化率下的活化能。结果表明:1)在200℃反应6 h得到的木屑水热炭,化学结构与木屑相似。2)在热解过程(10℃/min升温速率)中,木屑与水热炭最大失重速率分别为0.817%/℃和1.224%/℃,温度为353.57℃和363.42℃;不同终温下半焦红外光谱分析发现,水热炭更易解聚,其碳化速度更快。3)对比3种不同升温速率下2种样品的失重曲线可知,水热处理没有影响热滞后现象,样品焦炭生成量与升温速率无关,焦炭生成量平均值水热炭大于木屑。4)DAEM模型适用于2种样品热解反应活化能的求解,木屑及其水热炭活化能分别为99.33~252.72 k J/mol和63.77~211.68 k J/mol,当转化率在0.30到0.80范围时,木屑的活化能高于水热炭。研究结果为木屑水热炭热化学转化制备焦炭提供理论依据。 相似文献
4.
升温速率对椰壳热解特性的影响及动力学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用热重分析仪对椰壳在不同升温速率（5、20、40℃/min）下的热解特性及动力学进行了研究,探讨了热解机理。结果表明：椰壳热解过程主要分为脱水、快速热解和缓慢失重;对比不同升温速率下的失重曲线表明,升温速率对热解失重率有明显影响,其最终热解产物的得率随升温速率的增加而减少。运用氮吸附仪测定其吸附等温线,获得不同热解温度对炭化料的孔结构,结果表明：热解温度越高,微孔越发达。使用TG曲线数据,利用分布活化能模型求出相应的活化能,失重率在0.1～0.8之间时,活化能在146～444 kJ/mol,呈“N”形变化。活化能的分布函数,反映了椰壳热解过程中不同阶段反应性能的变化规律,有助于了解椰壳的热解机理。 相似文献
5.
为了研究中试鼓泡流化床升温过程特性,试验以木屑为原料,处理量50kg/h的自供热中试鼓泡流化床为反应装置,采取3种不同的升温方式进行空气气化试验研究。升温过程分别采用木屑、木屑与木炭混合、木炭为加热原料,针对气化前期系统升温过程中的气化温度、焦油含量、气体品质及最小流化速度进行了研究。结果表明:采用纯木炭的升温方式效果较为理想;气化主反应区温度控制在900℃以上,温度及升温速率的提高有利于减少焦油生成量,实测焦油含量为1.15g/m3;空气气化时热值可达6.9MJ/m3;最小流化速度受床料粒径和升温速率影响。该试验可为自供热中试流化床试验平台的升温方式提供一种设备简单,操作方便、快捷,经济性好的新方法。 相似文献
6.
为考察食用菌菌糠的热解特性和机理,该研究采用热重和热重-红外联用对香菇菌糠在氮气气氛下的热解特性进行研究,考察不同升温速率下菌糠的热重(TG)曲线和微分热重(DTG)曲线的变化规律,并对DTG曲线进行分峰分析,通过计算得到香菇菌糠热分解的反应活化能E、反应级数n及频率因子A,以及热解产物析出特性;在固定床上开展了香菇菌糠的定温热解试验,试验温度分别为500、550、600℃,并对三相产物产率和成分组成等进行了分析。结果表明:香菇菌糠热解可以分为3个阶段,水分析出段,热解段和炭化段,其中主要热解阶段为250～550℃,失质量率达到58%;升温速率对香菇菌糠热解影响不明显,但是随着升温速率的增大,试样的TG和DTG曲线向高温区移动;菌糠热解的表观活化能为66.33 kJ/mol,较低的表观活化能表明菌糠更容易发生热解。固定床定温热解结果表明菌糠热解气的主要成分为CO_2、CO、CH_4、H_2,4种气体成分含量由高到低为:CO_2、CO、CH_4、H_2;随着热解温度的升高,菌糠热解所得生物油成分以CxHyOz为主,表明菌糠热解生成的生物油具有一定的潜在利用价值;香菇菌糠热解半焦的主要成分是固定碳,相较于原料,挥发分的占比大幅度减少。 相似文献
7.
玉米秸秆热解动力学分析(简报) 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
该文采用耐驰STA449同步热分析仪,研究了玉米秸秆在升温速率为5、10、15、20、30 K/min,反应终止温度1273K的热分解反应,结果表明玉米秸秆热解过程可分为失水预热解、热解和碳化3个阶段,随着升温速率增加,反应的特征温度和最大失重速率增加,差示扫描（DSC）曲线整体向下倾斜,升温速率过大时,出现失水滞后现象。分别用FWO法、FRL法和Kissinger法对玉米秸秆热解进行了动力学计算,其热解活化能为（161±23）kJ/mol,通过Malek法确定了玉米秸秆热解满足J-M-A方程,反应机理为随机成核随后生长,确定了反应级数n和指前因子对数lgA的范围,并利用Matlab软件对实验数据进行拟合,验证了机理的正确性,并确定了玉米秸秆热解反应的动力学参数。该文结果对工程应用有指导意义。 相似文献
8.
生物质气化技术是将低品位的生物质能转换成高品位能源的有效途径。该文以稻壳和麦秸半焦为试验对象,进行了低温下生物质半焦的水蒸气气化试验,研究了浸渍法制备的碱金属催化剂和气化温度对生物质半焦气化行为的影响。结果显示,对于稻壳半焦气化而言,相同负载量的K基催化剂的催化效果明显优于Na基催化剂,相比非催化时稻壳半焦的碳转化率分别提高了18.2%和13.5%,差异明显。增加K2CO3负载量有利于半焦气化反应的进行,但负载量不宜超过30%。不同的煅烧温度,催化剂的活性组分存在形式有较大差别,负载量为30%的K基催化剂在800℃煅烧后具有最佳的催化效果。相同条件下,麦秸半焦的气体产率和碳转化率均较高,在700℃下添加该催化剂时分别达到130.0 mol/kg和95.9%,相比非催化时分别提高了57.0%和34.1%。随着温度的降低,气体产率和碳转化率均明显下降,该文催化条件下的半焦气化温度不宜低于700℃。研究结果可为生物质低温气化高效催化剂的选择提供理论依据。 相似文献
9.
生物质气化技术是将低品位的生物质能转换成高品位能源的有效途径。该文以稻壳和麦秸半焦为试验对象,进行了低温下生物质半焦的水蒸气气化试验,研究了浸渍法制备的碱金属催化剂和气化温度对生物质半焦气化行为的影响。结果显示,对于稻壳半焦气化而言,相同负载量的K基催化剂的催化效果明显优于Na基催化剂,相比非催化时稻壳半焦的碳转化率分别提高了18.2%和13.5%,差异明显。增加K2CO3负载量有利于半焦气化反应的进行,但负载量不宜超过30%。不同的煅烧温度,催化剂的活性组分存在形式有较大差别,负载量为30%的K基催化剂在800℃煅烧后具有最佳的催化效果。相同条件下,麦秸半焦的气体产率和碳转化率均较高,在700℃下添加该催化剂时分别达到130.0mol/kg和95.9%,相比非催化时分别提高了57.0%和34.1%。随着温度的降低,气体产率和碳转化率均明显下降,该文催化条件下的半焦气化温度不宜低于700℃。研究结果可为生物质低温气化高效催化剂的选择提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
玉米芯的热解特性及气相产物的释放规律 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
为了全面掌握不同热解条件下玉米芯的热解特性及热解过程中气相产物随温度变化的释放规律,深刻理解玉米芯的热解行为及反应机理,该文采用热重-质谱联用技术对玉米芯进行了氮气气氛下的热解特性试验研究,对比研究了不同升温速率(5、10、20℃/min)、不同粒度(74、154、280、450μm)、不同气体流速(30、60、90 m L/min)等因素对玉米芯热解行为的影响,发现非等温失重过程可分为4个阶段:失水、预热解过渡、挥发分析出和炭化阶段。通过质谱分析研究了热解过程小分子气相产物(CO、CO2、CH4、O2、H2、H2O)的释放规律,并计算了挥发分释放指数。升温速率升高,热解反应越易进行;在粒度小于450μm范围内,试样热解的总失重率随粒度的增大而增加,而且颗粒越大,挥发分产物开始逸出的温度越低。粒度为154~450μm的试样的热解过程主要受颗粒内部热传递影响,而粒度154μm的试样的热解主要受内在反应动力学速率控制;随着气体流速升高,试样热解的总失重率和初始温度增大,但增幅很小,最大失重速率对应的温度也有向高温段移动的趋势。利用Coats-Redfern方法计算出玉米芯的热解动力学参数,说明玉米芯热解的挥发分析出阶段可用单段一级反应描述。该研究对于优化以玉米芯为原料的热化学转化工艺参数和提高燃料产物的产量与品质等具有重要意义,对于设计和开发高效的生物质能转化设备也可提供参考。 相似文献
11.
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
15.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献
17.
Electron donor and pH relationships for biologically enhanced dissolution of chlorinated solvent DNAPL in groundwater 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Biologically enhanced dissolution offers a method to speed removal of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) sources such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichoroethene (TCE) from aquifers. Bioremediation is accomplished by adding an electron donor to the source zone where fermentation to intermediates leading to acetic acid and hydrogen results. The hydrogen and possibly acetic acid are used by dehalogenating bacteria to convert PCE and TCE to ethene and hydrochloric acid. Reductive dehalogenation is thus an acid forming process, and sufficient alkalinity must be present to maintain a near neutral pH. The bicarbonate alkalinity required to maintain pH above 6.5 is a function of the electron donor: 800 mg/L of bicarbonate alkalinity is sufficient to achieve about 1.2 mM TCE dechlorination with glucose, 1.7 mM with lactate, and a much higher 3.3 mM with formate. Laboratory studies indicate that in mixed culture, formate can be used as an electron donor for complete conversion to ethene, contrary to pure cultures studies indicating it cannot. Various strategies can be used to add electron donor to an aquifer for DNAPL dehalogenation while minimizing pH problems and excessive electron donor usage, including use of injection-extraction wells, dual recirculation wells, and nested injection-extraction wells. 相似文献
18.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
19.
Three slow-growing legume trees used for desert reforestation and urban gardening in the Sonoran Desert of Northwestern Mexico
and the Southwestern USA were evaluated whether their growth can be promoted by inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria
(Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus), unidentified arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (mainly Glomus sp.), and supplementation with common compost under regular screenhouse cultivation common to these trees in nurseries. Mesquite
amargo (Prosopis articulata) and yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla) had different positive responses to several of the parameters tested while blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida) did not respond. Survival of all tree species was over 80% and survival of mesquite was almost 100% after 10 months of cultivation.
Inoculation with growth-promoting microorganisms induced significant effects on the leaf gas exchange of these trees, measured
as transpiration and diffusive resistance, when these trees were cultivated without water restrictions. 相似文献
20.
Y. Bashan J. J. Bustillos L. A. Leyva J.-P. Hernandez M. Bacilio 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,42(4):279-285
Inoculation of wheat seedlings with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd was immobilized in alginate microbeads and, without applying any stress, significantly increased the quantity of several
photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the auxiliary photoprotective pigments violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, antheroxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, and β-carotene.
This resulted in greener plants with no apparent visible stress. After monitoring the quantity of photosynthetic pigments
for 4 weeks, we observed that inoculated plants had higher quantities of pigments in shoot and stem. The greatest difference
in the quantity of all pigments between inoculated and noninoculated plants occurred in the first week of growth. Regardless
of treatment, the quantity of pigments in stems was three to four times less than the quantity of these pigments in shoots.
Application of Azospirillum, either as liquid inoculant or as alginate microbeads, did not alter the positive effect of the bacteria on pigment production
or the positive response of the plants towards A. brasilense Cd inoculation. 相似文献