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《分子植物育种》2021,19(11):3638-3645
培育出带有标记性状的甘蓝型油菜桔红花色恢复系,在杂交种制种过程中可以起到指示作用来去除恢复系杂株,从而提高杂交种纯度和产量。开发与甘蓝型油菜桔红花色基因紧密连锁的分子标记,有利于快速培育出甘蓝型油菜桔红花色恢复系。前期研究表明,甘蓝型油菜桔红花色性状受Bnpc1和Bnpc2两对隐性核基因控制,并将Bnpc1定位到151 kb的区间范围内。本研究以BC3分离群体(即与轮回亲本回交三代且经过等位性检验仅在Bnpc2位点处发生分离的群体)为材料,利用AFLP和SSR标记技术对基因Bnpc2进行了基因定位,获得18个与Bnpc2紧密连锁的分子标记,其中两侧最近的标记分别为4个共分离的SSR标记(BnA09-19, BnA09-22, BnA09-24, BnA09-25)和P11/MC02,它们与目的基因的遗传距离分别为0.12和1.74 cM,标记间的遗传距离为1.86 c M,因而甘蓝型油菜桔红花色基因Bnpc2被锁定在1.86 cM的区间范围内。同时,筛选得到1个与基因Bnpc2紧密连锁的共显性标记BnA09-22。利用与基因Bnpc1和Bnpc2紧密连锁的共显性标记进行分子标记辅助育种,选育出1个甘蓝型油菜桔红花色恢复品系4750R,并进行了三系配套,审定了甘蓝型油菜杂交种‘青杂15号’。 相似文献
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芸苔属主要油料作物黄籽性状分子遗传研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
油菜黄籽性状由于较好的营养和加工品质,得到现代油菜育种越来越多的重视,正逐渐成为油菜育种的重要目标.本文主要从芸苔属3个主要油料作物黄籽性状的遗传规律、基因定位和比较基因组学研究进展进行综述.在黄籽性状遗传方面,白菜型油菜、芥菜型油菜的遗传模式己基本清楚,由两对隐性基因控制,而甘蓝型油菜由于黄籽基因来源不同,存在多种遗传模式.在黄籽基因的定位方面,白菜型油菜、芥菜型油菜均已筛选到多个与黄籽性状紧密连锁的分子标记,并成功转成适合大规模筛选的SCAR标记,为分子标记辅助育种奠定了基础.甘蓝型油菜中也获得一些与黄籽性状紧密连锁的分子标记,并应用于分子标记辅助育种,但由于黄籽来源的不同,这些标记缺少通用性.在比较基因组学方面,根据拟南芥的相关种皮颜色基因,在白菜型油菜、芥菜型油菜、甘蓝型油菜中已克隆出一些与种皮颜色合成有关的基因,这些基因的克隆为油菜色素合成途径和通过转基因创造新型黄籽油菜研究奠定了基础. 相似文献
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碱基插入/缺失(InDel)是基因组上广泛分布的遗传变异形式。但甘蓝型油菜白花基因InDel连锁标记还未见有关研究报道。本研究以甘蓝型油菜双单倍体(doubledhaploid,DH)纯系黄花Y05和甘蓝型油菜纯系白花W01杂交构建F2群体。在F2群体中选取30株极端纯白花和30株极端纯黄花构建叶片DNA子代池,对亲本和DNA子代池进行30×重测序。以法国甘蓝型油菜Darmor-bzh为参考序列, QTL-seq流程和PoPoolation2流程相互结合鉴定白花基因候选区间, 2种方法均将白花基因定位于法国甘蓝型油菜Darmor-bzh C03染色体52～54 Mb区间。利用IGV软件可视化白花基因候选区间插入缺失(InDel)变异位点,依据候选区间序列信息设计InDel引物,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳筛选到8个与白花基因连锁共分离的InDel标记。上述研究为甘蓝型油菜白花基因精细定位和分子标记辅助选育以及白花基因功能标记开发奠定了研究基础和工作思路。 相似文献
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为明确甘蓝型油菜花叶性状的遗传特点,开发与花叶性状连锁的分子标记。以甘蓝型油菜品系2205(圆叶)、1423(花叶)为亲本,构建了3个世代群体:F1、BC1和F2,探讨花叶性状的遗传规律;利用分子标记技术对花叶基因进行定位。结果表明,F1植株叶形表现为花叶,BC1(F1×2205)和F2中花叶与圆叶的植株分离比分别符合1∶1和3∶1,说明甘蓝型油菜的花叶性状受1对不完全显性基因控制。利用集团分离法(BSA)筛选637对SSR引物,共筛选到了3个与花叶基因紧密连锁的SSR标记:CB10079、BNGMS114和BNGMS385。连锁分析发现,这3个连锁标记均位于花叶基因的一侧,其中BNGMS114与花叶基因的遗传距离最近,其遗传距离为2.5 c M。将这3个连锁标记的序列与白菜基因组的序列进行比对,结果发现它们与白菜A10染色体的序列共线性较好,花叶基因位于A10染色体的15.70 Mb下游区段。上述标记的获得为油菜花叶性状的分子标记辅助选择育种以及花叶基因的克隆奠定理论基础。 相似文献
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甘蓝型油菜花瓣颜色是重要的观赏性状,花瓣颜色的选育和改良已成为材料创制的主要研究方向。目前对甘蓝型油菜粉色花性状定位研究未见报道。本研究以甘蓝型油菜纯系黄花62和甘蓝型油菜纯系粉花77为亲本构建双单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)群体。利用简化基因组测序技术(genotyping-by-sequencing,GBS)筛选出3253个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)标记,构建了全长1766.06 cM甘蓝型油菜连锁图谱,标记间平均遗传距离为0.54 cM;使用WinQTL Cartographer复合区间作图方法对粉色花性状进行数量性状座位(quantitative trait locus,QTL)定位,检测到位于A07和C03染色体上各1个QTL;将定位区间内基因与甘蓝和白菜同源基因进行线性比对,在这些区间中找到了一些存在于3个物种的同源基因;对粉色花定位区间内基因进行可变剪切分析发现,2个花色相关基因BnaA07g15980D和BnaA07g17500D在亲本粉色花瓣中发生内含子保留可变剪切。上述研究结果为甘蓝型油菜粉色花相关基因精细定位和分子连锁标记开发提供了更多线索。 相似文献
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白菜—甘蓝染色体附加系的性状遗传 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以白菜和甘蓝种间对应性状作为遗传标记性状，人工合成甘蓝型油菜，建立白菜—甘蓝附加系，并用附加系研究种皮颜色、花色和雄性不育等三个质量性状的遗传。结果表明，在甘蓝的染色体组和甘蓝型油菜所含的甘蓝染色体组中，控制种皮颜色和控制花色的基因分别载于不同染色体上，控制所用白菜雄性不育的育性恢复基因与控制种皮颜色和花色的基因也分别载于不同的染色体上；选择种间对应质量性状有显隐性差异的白菜和甘蓝材料合成的甘蓝型油菜附加系，可用所选择性状作遗传标记对其进行区分和利用。 相似文献
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小麦新种质YW243抗条锈病新基因的AFLP标记 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
小麦新种质YW243抗条锈病新基因对条锈菌具有较宽抗谱，对26个不同毒性谱的条锈菌菌系免疫到近免疫，与已知基因系抗病谱不同，可能为新的基因或基因组合。遗传分析表明，YW243对条锈菌条中31号小种的抗性由显性单基因YrX控制。通过BSA法对1056对MseI/EcoRI AFLP引物进行筛选，结果表明7对引物可扩增出多态性片段，通过对F2群体单株遗传连锁分析和作图软件分析，结果表明，2个AFLP 标记M54E63-700、M54E64-699与YrX连锁较紧密、遗传距离为9.27 cM，为该基因的精细作图和分子标记辅助育种打下了一定基础。 相似文献
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小麦抗白粉病新基因的AFLP和SSR标记及其染色体定位 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
M53 (YAV2/TEZ//Ae.squarrosa 249) 是硬粒小麦与粗山羊草的双二倍体合成种,携带一个抗白粉病新基因,暂命名为Pm-M53,该基因对北京地区白粉病优势生理小种15号表现免疫抗性。本研究利用来源于杂交组合M53/宛7107的一个F2群体,在苗期采用白粉病15号小种（Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici）接种,抗病反应型鉴定表明,抗感比例符合3∶1,说明其抗性受显性单基因控制;对部分F2植株的F3株系的抗病鉴定进一步证明了F2鉴定的可靠性;利用AFLP和SSR标记技术结合F2分离群体对目的基因进行了遗传作图,将目的基因定位在5D染色体的长臂上。其中AFLP标记P16M16-109(Apm109)和P5M16-161(Apm161)与目的基因的遗传距离分别为1.0和3.0 cM。SSR标记Xwmc289b、Xgwm583和Xgwm292与目的基因的遗传距离分别为20.0、33.0和24.0 cM。这些标记位于目的基因的两侧。利用中国春遗传背景的缺-四体和双端体结合AFLP标记Apm109确证了SSR标记定位的可靠性,进一步证明该基因是一个新的抗白粉病基因。 相似文献
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谷子抗除草剂“拿捕净”基因的AFLP标记 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
对由一对显性核基因(Srf)控制的谷子抗除草剂拿捕净(Sethoxydim)种质抗性进行了分子标记的研究.通过采用F2代群分法,在谷子F2代抗感池间随机筛选了330对AFLP引物,找到了与谷子抗除草剂基因连锁的两个AFLP标记AP1284(M55/15)和AP2350(M55/14).它们位于抗除草剂基因的一侧,与该基因的遗传图距分别为6.3 cM和2.9 cM.二者间的遗传 相似文献
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AFLP,SSR在黄瓜黑星病抗感材料上的多态性比较 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
用AFLP和SSR 2种分子标记技术对黄瓜抗感黑星病材料Q6和Q12,及其F2极性集团和F2群体进行了分析,比较了它们的多态性。结果表明,AFLP和SSR 2种分子标记的多态性比率分别为36.5%,9.6%;阳性比率分别为22%,0。在F2群体中找到了1个AFLP标记E20/M64,与目的基因的遗传距离是4.83 cM;1个SSR标记CSWCT02B,与目的基因的遗传距离是28.7 cM。AFLP的多态性比率要比SSR的多态性比率高。分析探讨了2种分子标记技术的优缺点及其在目的基因连锁标记筛选、基因定位等研究中的应用。 相似文献
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The hulled or naked caryopsis character of barley is an important agronomic trait because of the direct link to its use. A single recessive gene, nud, located on the long arm of chromosome 7H, controls the naked caryopsis character. Previously, linked amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) bands from bulked segregant analysis were screened, and the nud gene was mapped in a population of 151 F2 plants. In the present study, the aim was to construct a high‐resolution map of the nud gene towards its positional cloning. Two AFLP bands were converted into sequence‐characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers (sKT5 and sKT9), and a previously reported SCAR marker sKT3 was improved for more reliable detection of polymorphism. A total of 2380 segregants derived from five cross‐combinations were analysed, and the nud gene was flanked by sKT3 and sKT9, at the 0.6‐cM proximal and the 0.06‐cM distal side, respectively. The SCAR markers developed in this study should be useful for marker‐assisted selection in naked barley breeding employing crosses between naked and hulled accessions. 相似文献
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The pol cytoplasmic male-sterility system has been widely used as a component for utilization of heterosis in Brassica napus and offers an attractive system for study on nuclear–mitochondrial interactions in plants. Genetic analyses have indicated
that one dominant gene, Rfp, was required to achieve complete fertility restoration. As a first step toward cloning of this restorer gene, we attempted
molecular mapping of the Rfp locus using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique combined with bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method.
A BC1 population segregating for Rfp gene was used for tagging. From the survey of 1,024 AFLP primer combinations, 13 linked AFLP markers were obtained and five
of them were successfully converted into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. A population of 193 plants
was screened using these markers and the closest AFLP markers flanking Rfp were at the distances of 2.0 and 5.3 cM away, respectively. Further the AFLP or SCAR markers linked to the Rfp gene were integrated to one doubled-haploid (DH) population derived from the cross Quantum × No.2127-17 available in our
laboratory, and Rfp gene was mapped on N18, which was the same as the previous report. These molecular markers will facilitate the marker-assisted
selection (MAS) of pol CMS restorer lines. 相似文献
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Molecular mapping of a novel blast resistance gene Pi38 in rice using SSLP and AFLP markers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Blast, caused by Magnaporthe grisea, is the most devastating disease of rice worldwide. In this study, the main objective was to identify and map a new gene for blast resistance, in an indica rice cultivar ‘Tadukan’ against blast fungal isolate B157, using molecular tools. F2 segregating population was derived from ‘CO39’ (susceptible) and ‘Tadukan’ (resistant), and molecular mapping of the blast resistance gene was carried out using simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) methods. Two SSLP markers, RM206 and RM21 and three AFLP markers (AF1: E‐aca/M‐ctt; AF2: E‐aca/M‐cat and AF3: E‐acc/M‐cac2) were identified to be linked to the resistance gene. The co‐segregation analysis using SSLP markers implied that the blast resistance gene designated Pi38 resides on rice chromosome 11. 相似文献
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Rs1046AB is a line which is true breeding for a dominant genetic male sterility gene (Ms) but which is a mixture of male fertile and sterile individuals (a two-type line) because it is segregating for a dominant suppressor gene (Rf). This system provides a promising alternative to the CMS system for hybrid breeding in Brassica napus. In order to identify molecular markers linked to the rf gene, a near-isogenic line (NIL) population from the cross between a sterile individual (MsMsrfrf) and a fertile individual (MsMsRfrf) in Rs1046AB was subjected to amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, with a combination of comparing near isogenic lines (NILs) and bulked segregant analysis (BSA). From 2,816 pairs of AFLP primers, six fragments showing polymorphism between the fertile and sterile bulks as well as the individuals of the bulks were identified. Linkage analysis indicated that the six AFLP markers are tightly linked to the Rf gene and all are distributed on the same side. The minimum genetic distance between the Rf gene and a marker was 0.7 cM. Since the AFLP markers are not suitable for large-scale application in MAS (marker-assisted selection), our objective was to develop a fast, cheap and reliable PCR-based assay. Consequently, three of the four closest AFLP markers were converted directly to sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. For the other marker a corresponding SCAR marker was successfully obtained after isolating the adjacent sequences by PCR Walking. The available SCAR markers of the Rf gene will greatly facilitate future breeding programs using dominant GMS to produce hybrid varieties. 相似文献