共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
农田土壤重金属淋洗剂筛选与效应分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为分析不同淋洗剂在不同淋洗条件下对重金属淋洗效果的影响,采用振荡淋洗法对比研究4种淋洗剂(柠檬酸(CA)、酒石酸(TA)、乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐(EDTA)和氨三乙酸三钠盐(NTA))不同浓度、淋洗时间、pH和固液比对重金属复合污染农田土壤中Pb、Cd、Cu和Zn的淋洗效果及单因素最佳淋洗条件下土壤淋洗前后重金属不同形态含量的变化。结果表明,CA和TA的最佳淋洗浓度为0.3mol/L,EDTA和NTA为0.05mol/L;CA和NTA的最佳淋洗时间为480min,EDTA和TA为720min;4种淋洗剂的最佳淋洗pH均为3,最佳固液比均为1∶20。单因素最佳淋洗条件下,EDTA对土壤重金属去除效果最佳,对Pb、Cd、Zn和Cu的去除率分别为67.4%,61.0%,13.8%和76.0%;NTA效果次之,去除率分别为41.6%,42.4%,9.9%和54.3%。土壤重金属去除率随淋洗剂pH的降低而升高,随固液比的增加而增加,随淋洗剂CA与TA浓度增大而增大。淋洗剂对土壤重金属的解吸动力学曲线符合准二级动力学模型,解吸过程为化学解吸,且解吸反应速率受土壤重金属含量与淋洗剂浓度控制。土壤重金属在淋洗剂作用下的解吸速率为Cd>Pb≈Zn≈Cu。EDTA和NTA淋洗显著降低土壤中Pb、Cd、Zn和Cu铁锰氧化态和有机结合态的含量,CA和TA显著降低Pb、Cd、Zn和Cu铁锰氧化态的含量。淋洗剂对重金属的去除效率为EDTA>NTA>CA>TA。 相似文献
2.
模拟酸雨条件下海泡石对污染红壤镉、铅淋溶的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用填充土柱淋溶试验研究不同pH值模拟酸雨和海泡石添加量对重金属污染红壤Cd、Pb淋溶的影响.结果表明,Cd在酸雨pH值较低时累积淋溶量较大,Pb的累积淋溶量随酸雨pH值的降低逐渐增加,pH值为3.5处理的Pb总累积淋溶量显著高于其他pH值处理(高出54.9％).与对照相比,模拟酸雨pH值为3.5时,添加5 g/kg和10 g/kg海泡石处理Cd的总累积淋溶量明显增加(分别增加24.6％和26.3％),而Pb的总累积淋溶量分别显著降低34.7％和25.7％;酸雨pH值为4.5时,添加5 g/kg和10g/kg海泡石处理降低了Cd的累积淋溶量(分别降低13.0％和1.4％),而Pb的淋溶量随海泡石添加量的增加而降低,10 g/kg海泡石处理的Pb总累积淋溶量显著下降17.6％;pH值为5.5和6.5时,海泡石处理Cd累积淋溶量均有所下降,而对Pb的淋溶无显著降低效果.酸雨酸性强度的增大增加了Cd、Pb的淋溶风险,且Pb比Cd敏感.添加海泡石可有效减少酸雨对土壤中Pb的淋溶,但其对Cd淋溶的影响受酸雨酸性强度的影响. 相似文献
3.
2种含铁材料对水稻土中砷和重金属生物有效性的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
通过盆栽试验研究添加2种含铁材料(Fe(OH)3、FeCl3)对污染水稻土壤中As、Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn生物有效性的影响。结果表明,添加Fe(OH)3对土壤As交换态含量没有显著的影响,添加FeCl3显著降低了土壤As交换态含量,添加量为0.50g/kg时,土壤As交换态含量比对照下降46%。添加Fe(OH)3使土壤Pb、Cu交换态含量显著降低,2.00g/kg的添加量使Pb、Cu交换态含量分别下降63%,74%。添加FeCl3使土壤Pb、Cd、Zn交换态含量显著升高,2.00g/kg的添加量使Pb、Cd、Zn交换态含量分别升高3 834%,247%,1 744%。添加Fe(OH)3对糙米中无机As和重金属Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn含量没有显著的影响,添加FeCl3显著降低了糙米中无机As含量,但显著提高了糙米中Pb、Cu含量,1.00g/kg的添加量使糙米中无机As含量降低33%,Pb、Cu含量分别升高147%,50%。表明添加FeCl3能有效降低土壤As的生物有效性,但提高了土壤重金属的生物有效性。添加Fe(OH)3对土壤pH无显著影响,而添加FeCl3能显著降低土壤pH值,这是FeCl3能有效固定土壤As,提高土壤重金属交换态含量的重要原因之一。 相似文献
4.
在温室中进行了剖析添加的Cd、P、Zn对稻谷产量、植株和稻草中的矿物含量以及糙米中Cd的浓度的研究。P增加了稻谷和植株产量,而Cd、Zn和P-Zn的交互作用使其降低。稻谷和植株产量有类似的线性回归方程式,其稻谷的线性回归方程为: Y=17.24+0.0466(P)-0.1850(Cd)-0.1115(Zn)-0.0005(P-Zn) 其R2=0.97**,式中Y为稻谷产量(克/株);P为添加的P浓度(毫克/公斤);(Cd)为添加的Cd浓度(毫克/公斤);(Zn)为添加的Zn浓度(毫克/公斤);(P-Zn)为P和Zn的交互作用。所有处理均明显地影响着稻草中矿物元素的含量。粕米中的Cd浓度随着添加的Cd、P、Zn浓度的增加而增加;但多元回归分析表明只有Cd的影响是显著的。粕米中Cd的浓度与收获时用0.05M HCI所提取的风干土中的Cd浓度有极显著相关性(Y=0.75**).对糙米中Cd浓度的评价进行了简要的讨论。 相似文献
5.
《水土保持学报》2014,(2)
采用大田实验研究复合污染土壤中添加组配改良剂FQ12(沸石∶羟基磷灰石=1∶2)对受污染土壤和蔬菜中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn 4种重金属的影响。结果表明,在添加FQ12后,土壤中重金属交换态含量大幅降低。辣椒可食部位中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn含量也显著降低,FQ12添加量8.0g/kg时降低效果最好,Pb、Cd、Cu分别降低91.1%,58.3%,95.3%;Zn则是在4.0g/kg时,最大降幅达到89.4%,其他部位也有不同程度降低。在添加FQ12后,在一定程度上可以降低空心菜可食部位中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn含量。在添加量为8.0g/kg时,4种重金属总量均达到最大降幅,最为明显的是Pb和Cu分别降低55.9%和50.7%,根部各重金属含量变化不大。由此可知,FQ12的施用对2种蔬菜吸收土壤重金属起到有效的抑制作用。 相似文献
6.
柠檬酸对鱼腥草吸收累积铅锌矿区土壤中重金属的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
采用矿区实地田间试验,通过外源添加柠檬酸(1mmol/kg,3mmol/kg,6mmol/kg和9mmol/kg)处理,研究鱼腥草对重金属复合污染土壤Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr和Cu 5种重金属元素的吸收累积特性,并确定最佳的柠檬酸调控浓度。结果表明,柠檬酸添加浓度为1mmol/kg时能显著促进鱼腥草生物量的提高,比对照增产11.64%,其他处理浓度的柠檬酸对鱼腥草生物量有抑制作用,但不显著;柠檬酸处理能显著提高鱼腥草对Pb、Zn、Cd和Cr这4种重金属元素的吸收累积能力,对Pb和Zn吸收累积能力大于Cd和Cr,对Cu的吸收累积无明显促进作用。但当柠檬酸添加浓度为1mmol/kg时每667m2鱼腥草提取Pb、Zn、Cr和Cu的量分别比对照增加了35.16%,34.39%,59.00%和18.93%,对Cd无明显促进作用。鱼腥草在矿区重金属复合污染土壤上能正常生长,并对多种重金属胁迫具有一定的耐受能力和吸收累积能力,可用于矿区重金属复合污染土壤的植物修复。 相似文献
7.
EDTA和柠檬酸对污染土壤中重金属的解吸动力学及其形态的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用批处理振荡解吸平衡法研究了0.05 mol/L的乙二胺四乙酸钠(EDTA)和柠檬酸对污染土壤中Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn的解吸动力学特征,并采用优化的BIER(European Community Bureau of Reference)连续提取法分析了EDTA和柠檬酸处理前后土壤中重金属形态和生物有效性的变化.结果表明,污染土壤中重金属Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn的解吸率随着解吸时间的延长而不断增加,但解吸速率随解吸时间的延长而不断降低.EDTA对Pb,Cu的解吸能力显著大于柠檬酸,柠檬酸对Zn的解吸能力显著大于EDTA,柠檬酸和EDTA对Cd的解吸能力相差不大.EDTA和柠檬酸对4种重金属解吸能力的顺序分别为:Pb＞Cd＞Zn＞Cu和CA＞Zn＞Pb＞Cu.双常数方程是描述污染土壤中Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn解吸动力学过程的最佳方程.EDTA去除的重金属主要以酸提取态和可还原态存在,柠檬酸去除的重金属主要以酸提取态存在.EDTA和柠檬酸处理后.污染土壤中Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn的生物有效性降低. 相似文献
8.
海泡石改良土壤效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过连续三季盆栽试验研究海泡石提高油菜生物量,降低油菜Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn浓度及土壤Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn有效态浓度的效果。结果表明:海泡石在不同程度上提高了三季油菜的生物量,适量的海泡石可降低油菜中Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn浓度及土壤Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn有效态浓度。海泡石降低油菜中重金属浓度效果,第一季,Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu,第二季,Pb>Zn>Cd>Cu,第三季,Zn>Cd>Pb>Cu;降低有效态浓度的效果,第一季,Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn,第二季,Cu>Cd>Zn>Pb,第三季,Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn。因此,海泡石可用于土壤改良,提高油菜生物量,降低油菜中Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn浓度及土壤中Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn有效态浓度。海泡石降低油菜中重金属浓度总效果为Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu;降低土壤重金属有效态浓度总效果为Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn。 相似文献
9.
不同pH值混合螯合剂对土壤重金属淋洗及植物提取的影响 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
为了得出混合螯合剂（MC）淋洗去除重金属的最佳pH值以及对后续植物提取重金属的影响,用Ca(OH)2将pH值为2.75的MC提高至pH值5、7和9,对重金属污染土壤进行了盆栽淋洗试验,而后种植东南景天（Sedum Alfredii）,测定淋出液及植物重金属含量。另外,通过浸提试验研究了含有不同阳离子的MC对重金属淋洗效果的影响。结果表明,pH值为5和7的MC显著提高了Cd、Pb和Cu的淋出率。与Na+、K+离子相比,Ca2+的存在能够提高MC对重金属的淋洗去除。pH值7和9的MC淋洗土壤后提高了东南景天的生物量,但是降低东南景天中Cd和Zn的浓度,导致其植物提取率低于无淋洗剂对照。在化学淋洗+植物提取联合技术中,Cd和Zn主要靠植物提取去除,植物提取率分别可达土壤Cd的30%～40%和土壤Zn的6.5%～6.9%;而Pb和Cu主要靠混合螯合剂淋洗去除,去除率分别为2.3%～2.6%和1.6%～2.0%。综合来说,如果需要同时去除Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu,降低土壤重金属有效态含量,用pH值9的MC淋洗土壤联合植物提取较为合适。 相似文献
10.
氮磷肥施用对保水剂钝化土壤重金属铅镉效果的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
[目的]探讨氮磷肥施用对保水剂钝化土壤重金属铅镉效果的影响,为揭示土壤水肥保持和重金属污染治理的协调性机制,制定SAP应用技术规程等提供参考。[方法]采用土柱淋溶试验方法,比较添加氮肥和磷肥对SAP钝化土壤铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)效果的影响。[结果]在Pb,Cd复合污染土壤中SAP用量为1.0g/kg时,控氮释磷效果较好,相比无SAP的对照处理,Pb累积淋失量减少5.1%,Cd累积淋失量增加13.6%;氮磷肥添加试验表明,添加氮肥的SAP处理Pb累积淋失量增加76.7%,Cd累积淋失量增加47.6%,添加磷肥的SAP处理Pb累积淋失量减少26.0%,Cd累积淋失量减少20.5%;添加复合氮、磷肥的SAP处理Pb累积淋失量减少2.3%,Cd累积淋失量增加8.3%。[结论]保水剂具有控氮释磷效应,且对土壤中的Pb,Cd有一定钝化作用;氮肥降低SAP钝化Pb,Cd的效果,而磷肥增强SAP钝化Pb,Cd的效果;氮、磷肥复合对SAP钝化Pb的效果影响不显著,但会降低SAP钝化Cd的效果。 相似文献
11.
赫章土法炼锌区水-沉积物重金属污染的时空变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对赫章土法炼锌区河流水体和沉积物重金属污染状况及时空变化特征进行了研究。结果表明,水体和沉积物受到多种重金属污染：地表水体中Pb、Zn、Cd的均值分别为137.19×10-3、1 919.38×10-3、14.21×10-3 mg.L-1,分别是地表水环境质量标准Ⅲ类水质标准的2.74、1.91、2.84倍;沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd的均值分别为702.79、3 242.8、5 427.6、32.19 mg.kg-1,分别是土壤环境质量标准三级标准的1.76、6.49、10.86、32倍。水体和沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd沿河流总体呈无规律性的变化,受炼锌废渣堆和铅锌选矿厂影响的地点,水体和沉积物重金属含量均较高,污染严重。近10年来,炼锌区河流水体和沉积物重金属污染仍然很严重,水体重金属污染呈加重特征,沉积物中Pb、Zn污染呈减轻趋势,Cd和Cu污染则加重。 相似文献
12.
We studied the influence of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) land application on water resources. Four study sites, including mushroom farms with low or high density land applications of SMS, and two controls, an alfalfa field and a woodland, were instrumented with soilwater lysimeters and groundwater monitoring wells. Water samples were collected during the dormant season (winter) and growing season (spring). Samples were analyzed for a number of water quality parameters, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), ammonia, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, sulfate, aluminum, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nickel, potassium, silicon, sodium, and zinc. Additional analyses were performed for pesticides commonly used in the cultivation of alfalfa or corn, or for insect control, including methomyl, dimethoate, hexazinone, atrazine, diuron and permethrin.All agricultural sites had elevated salt concentrations relative to the woodland site. The mushroom farm where SMS was applied in high concentrations had salt concentrations in the soilwater that were 10 to 100 times higher than the other agricultural sites. Of particular note were ammonium, nitrate, chloride, sulfate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. Each of these were also elevated in the groundwater. The high salt concentrations were reflected in measurements of electrical conductivity. DOC and DON concentrations were also elevated in the soilwater and groundwater. Groundwater from each agricultural site, including the agricultural control, exceeded the primary drinking water standard for nitrate.No pesticide residues were detected in well or lysimeter water collected at either site amended with SMS. Water samples collected from the woodland and at the alfalfa field not receiving SMS contained part per trillion quantities of a few pesticides. 相似文献
13.
我国水溶肥料中重金属含量、 来源及安全现状 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
【目的】研究我国水溶肥料中有毒有害重金属As、 Pb、 Cd、 Cr、 Hg的含量及超标情况,调查超标重金属的来源,探讨有关肥料标准中重金属安全限量问题,旨在充分了解水溶肥料的安全现状,减小重金属环境风险,保障农产品质量安全。【方法】样品全部来自国家化肥质量监督检验中心(北京)肥料登记产品,重金属含量采用农业行业标准NY/T 1978-2010《肥料 汞、 砷、 镉、 铅、 铬含量的测定》方法检测,超标重金属来源分析采用企业调研方法,原料中重金属的含量研究采用公开发表文献数据进行分析。【结果】5种水溶肥料中As、 Pb、 Cd、 Cr、 Hg平均含量均符合NY/T 1110-2010《水溶肥料 汞、 砷、 镉、 铅、 铬的限量要求》,且远远低于标准限量值。部分水溶肥料重金属出现超标情况,但超标率较低,主要集中在As和Cd上,As和Cd超标率分别为3.50%和1.27%,Pb、 Cr和Hg超标率均小于1%。Cd超标样品的重金属含量是标准限量值的几至几百倍,As、 Pb和Cr超标程度接近,一般是限量值的1至几倍。超标样品调查结果显示,水溶肥料中重金属主要来自生产原料,原料中的重金属一半以上来自磷肥和微量元素肥料。大量元素水溶肥料中重金属主要来自磷酸二氢钾、 磷酸一铵等磷肥,其次来源于硫酸锌等微量元素肥料; 微量元素水溶肥料中重金属多来自硫酸锌和硫酸亚铁; 含氨基酸水溶肥料中As和Cd主要来自硫酸锌、 硫酸亚铁和氨基酸; 含腐植酸水溶肥料中重金属超标集中在As上,As多来自腐植酸钠、 腐植酸钾和磷肥。生产原料中重金属含量分析表明,氮肥和钾肥中重金属含量极低,作为水溶肥料的原料比较安全,而磷肥和微量元素肥料中重金属含量普遍较高,作为生产原料,必需严格检验,否则容易导致产品中重金属超标。通过相关标准分析发现,我国现行肥料标准中As、 Pb、 Cd、 Cr、 Hg安全限量或没有限制或制订的普遍较宽泛,且缺乏针对性。【结论】我国水溶肥料总体质量较好,重金属超标率较低,施用于农田是安全的,但对于水溶肥料中As和Cd的监测依然需要高度重视,肥料重金属限量标准和安全评价体系的制定也需要加强和完善。 相似文献
14.
B. Lothenbach R. Krebs G. Furrer S. K. Gupta & R. Schulin 《European Journal of Soil Science》1998,49(1):141-148
We investigated the potential of montmorillonite, Al-montmorillonite and gravel sludge to immobilize polluting heavy metals in agricultural soil. Batch experiments showed that both Al-montmorillonite and montmorillonite immobilized zinc and cadmium. Zinc was bound specifically on Al-montmorillonite and became increasingly incorporated into the interlayer hydroxy-Al polymer, whereas there was no specific sorption on montmorillonite. Cadmium was bound on montmorillonite and Al-montmorillonite unspecifically by cation exchange, but there was no incorporation into the lattice. In pot experiments montmorillonite, Al-montmorillonite, or gravel sludge were added to a soil contaminated with zinc and cadmium. Increasing doses of these agents decreased the concentrations of NaNO3-extractable zinc and cadmium. Aluminium-montmorillonite and gravel sludge were more efficient than montmorillonite in immobilizing both zinc and cadmium. Remobilization tests at pH between 4 and 5.5 showed that cadmium and zinc desorbed more easily from montmorillonite than from Al-montmorillonite. Gravel sludge application increased the buffer capacity of the contaminated soil substantially. The binding agents decreased zinc concentrations in red clover (Trifolium pratense), and gravel sludge also reduced the cadmium concentrations. 相似文献
15.
Tapan Adhikari S. Kundu A. K. Biswas J. C. Tarafdar A. Subba Rao 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(10):1505-1515
In the current literature, the impact of nano-particles (NPs) on growth of higher plants has scantly been reported. An investigation was carried out to study the effect of zinc oxide nano-particles (<100 nm) on growth of maize (Zea mays L.) plant, as one of the major agricultural crops, in a solution culture system. Various concentrations of zinc (Zn) were applied through nano-zinc oxide (ZnO) particles (<100 nm) in suspension form and in ionic form through zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) salt in Hoagland solution culture. Experimental results showed that nano zinc oxide particles could enhance and maintain the growth of maize plant as well as conventional Zn fertilizer (as ZnSO4). The plant parameters like plant height, root length, root volume, and dry matter weight were all improved due to application of zinc oxide nano-particle. These findings indicate that plant roots might have the unique mechanism of assimilating nano-Zn and using for its growth and development. Different enzymatic activities were also studied and experimental results revealed that nano-ZnO particles (<100 nm) also governed the enzymatic activity of maize plant. A separate laboratory experiment was also carried out to characterize the zinc oxide nano particle for its size, zeta potential, etc. 相似文献
16.
Acid precipitation may lead to loss of essential elements and increase the concentrations of potentially toxic elements in drinking water. In this study 46 private wells from acid regions(pH < 6.5) were compared with 43 private wells from alkaline areas in southern Sweden. The concentrations of about 30 elementswere analysed especially by inductively coupled plasma opticalemission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The concentrations of essentialelements such as calcium, chromium, selenium and potassium weresignificantly lower in acid than in alkaline well water. On theother hand, the levels of potentially toxic metals such as cadmium and lead were significantly higher in acid well water. High copper concentrations, observed at pH around 6 in contrast to earlier findings, is to be considered as an acidification problem, as should the high fluoride values. The highest concentrations of a number of metals and ions, for example calcium, chromium, titanium and sulphate, appeared at pH 7.0–8.0, where the peak in concentrations occur due to leachingof metals from soil particles in acid soils and precipitation ofcarbonates and sulphates in more alkaline soils. The low levelsof especially calcium and magnesium ions, and some micronutrientsin the acid water, in combination with high concentrations of acid ions and toxic microelements, may cause nutritional imbalances. This should be regarded as risk factors with relationto effects on human health. 相似文献
17.
18.
Iron, zinc, and calcium dialyzability and ascorbic acid (AA) concentrations were evaluated in milk and yogurt fortified with FeNaEDTA (FE) or ferrous sulfate (FS) as a control, with or without AA addition. The values obtained for FE iron dialyzability in milk were much higher than those obtained for FS. The addition of AA to milk improved Fe dialyzability when using FS and slightly decreased Fe dialyzability in the FE-fortified nonfermented samples. Milk fermentation increased iron availability from both iron sources. Zinc and calcium dialyzability in products containing any of the two iron sources was increased in fermented milks. EDTA improved Zn dialyzability from intrinsic zinc in every manufactured dairy product. Whereas for milks fortified with FS and stored at 4 degrees C for 24 h, the AA content remained close to the original concentration, a higher AA degradation was observed when milks were fortified with FE. 相似文献
19.
Stefania Squadrone Maria Cesarina Abete Marco Rizzi Gabriella Monaco Livio Favaro 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(2):41
The concentrations of trace and non-trace elements were determined in blood and fibers of alpacas (Vicugna pacos) from a north Italian area, as well as in their pasture forages. This is the first investigation regarding this species in Italy, and the first considering alpaca’s fiber as bioindicator worldwide. Metal contents in blood were in the decreasing order: copper?>?zinc?>?aluminum?>?selenium?>?lead?>?nickel?>?manganese?>?chromium?>?arsenic and cadmium, while in fiber, metal levels were in the following order: aluminum?>?zinc?>?copper?>?manganese?>?chromium?>?nickel?>?selenium?>?lead?>?arsenic and cadmium. Antimony, beryllium, mercury, tin, and thallium were below the limit of quantification (0.010 mg kg?1). The analysis of the alpacas’ forage confirmed the same trend found in fiber, suggesting that metal bioaccumulation was affected by diet. These preliminary results have shown that all the trace elements studied bioaccumulated to a greater extent in the fibers of the alpaca than in the blood. Accordingly, we may suggest that alpaca fibers could be used for monitoring exposure especially to non-essential metals like aluminum, cadmium, and lead, and could constitute a suitable non-invasive method for measuring trace and non-trace element exposure in camelids. 相似文献
20.
采用野外采样系统分析法,研究了不同年限废弃地野艾蒿对Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的富集与分布。结果表明,不同年限废弃地土壤中重金属的含量随着废弃年限的增加而减少,野艾蒿对Zn和Pb的富集量较大,不同年限废弃地中野艾蒿和土壤Cu、Zn和Pb的含量之间呈极显著正相关,野艾蒿对重金属的吸收、富集有随土壤中重金属含量升高而增加的趋势。野艾蒿的不同部位在不同年限废弃地中累积不同重金属的能力不同,除3 a废弃地野艾蒿中Pb的含量地上部分小于地下部分外,其他环境中重金属含量都表现为地上部分大于地下部分。野艾蒿对4种重金属都有不同程度的转运能力,Cu在不同年限废弃地的生物富集系数均为最大,野艾蒿对Cu、Cd转运能力较强。野艾蒿根系对Pb有弱的滞留效应为36.59%,对Cu、Cd、Zn没有滞留效应。综合分析结果表明,野艾蒿能吸收富集多种重金属并且具有耐重金属的特性,基于其具有生物量较大、生长速度快的特点,作为重金属污染的修复植物具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献