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1.
杨树是我国低山丘陵半干旱区河滩地重要的防护用材林树种之一,探讨其生长量与气候因子的定量关系,可为该地区河滩地杨树防护用材林集约栽培及其低产林的更新改造提供科学依据。本文以该地区大、小凌河两岸河滩地为典型试验区,经多年连续观测,通过林木调查和树干解析,应用多元逐步回归和灰色系统理论与方法,建立了杨树生态防护用材林高生长量与气候环境因子的回归模型,气候环境因子对其生长量影响程度的灰色关联顺序为光>水>气>热,即可认为影响杨树高生长的主导因子是光照因子,其次是水分因子,再次是热量因子。表2参17。 相似文献
2.
利用相关性分析和主成分分析的方法,分析了冰核细菌溃疡病发生特点与环境条件的之间的关系,选出了影响杨树病害发生的主要影响因子。同时综合分析病害流行的主因和诱因,提出东北地区杨树冰核细菌溃疡病危险等级划分标准,并将东北地区分为重发区、常发区、偶发区和安全区4个不同等级冰核细菌溃疡病发生区。6种模型曲线的非线性回归分析表明,冰核细菌溃疡病流行的时间动态以理查德生长模型为最优生长模型。运用逐步回归分析方法,建立了多元线性的中期预报方程,可以预测第二年的病情指数。根据病情指数随时间增长的趋势,选用灰色方法建立GM(1,1)数学模型,可做出中长期预报。 相似文献
3.
The relationship between eco-hydrographic benefit of forest vegetation and climatic environmental factors is one of the focuses
in the research on environmental protection and ecosystem countermeasures in Wetland. The runoff, sediment and soil moisture
rate dynamics in Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and its clearcut area were investigated in the natural runoff experiment plots in Yellow River Delta Wetland,
Shandong Province, China. The correlation of height increment of R. pseudoacacia with nine climate factors such as light, water, heat, etc. was analyzed by stepwise regression analysis. The results showed
that the amounts of runoff and sediment in clearcut area of R. pseudoacacia were 53.9%–150.8% and 172.8%–387.1% higher than that in Robinia pseudoacacia plantation, respectively. The runoff peak value in R. pseudoacacia stand was obviously lower than that in clerarcut area, meantime, the occurrence of runoff peak in R. pseudoacacia stand was 25 min later than in its clerarcut area. The soil moisture rates in R. pseudoacacia stand and its clearcut varied periodically with annual rainfall precipitation in both dry season and humid season. The annual
mean soil moisture rate in R. pseudoacacia stand was 23.3%–25.6% higher than that in its clearcut area. Meanwhile, a regression model reflecting the correlation between
the height increment of R. pseudoacacia and climatic factors was developed by stepwise regression procedure method. It showed that the light was the most important
factor for the height increment of R. pseudoacacia, followed by water and heat factors.
Foundation project: Subsidized by the National “11th Five Year” Plan of Science and technology (2006BAD26B06, 2006BAD03A1205)
and Ecological Restore Project of Water Resources Ministry of China (2006-2008). 相似文献
4.
研究湿地防护林水文生态效益与气候环境因子的响应是湿地生态保护与经营管理中的热点问题。本文通过自然降雨径流小区定位观测试验,定量研究了黄河三角洲湿地刺槐林地及其采伐迹地的产流产沙效果和土壤水分动态变化规律。刺槐林地与采伐迹地相比,一场降雨的径流量减少53.9%～150.8%,泥沙量减少172.8%～387.1%;刺槐林地降雨径流洪峰峰值比采伐迹地低0.8L·s-1,且径流洪峰值出现的时间比采伐迹地滞后25min;刺槐林地和采伐迹地土壤含水率随年内降水量变化分干湿两季,呈周期性变化,刺槐林地年平均含水率比采伐迹地高23.3%～25.6%,特别是雨季其含水率比采伐迹地高24.3%～29.8%。应用逐步回归分析理论和方法,建立了刺槐生态防护林高生长量与气候环境因子的回归模型,影响该地区刺槐林高生长的主导因子是光照因子,其次是水分因子,再次是热量因子。该项研究可为黄河三角湿地刺槐防护林的更新改造及其生态水文效益的定量评价提供科学依据。 相似文献
5.
Xiang Cun-ti Dong Ai-rong Liu Xue-feng Li Chun Yuan Shu-zhong Zhang Jing-hua 《林业研究》2001,12(3):157-164
The isolation, culture and the active determination of poplar ice nucleation active (INA) bacteria and the inoculation tests
in laboratory and field were conducted, and the varieties, distribution and number of poplar INA bacteria and its pathogenicity
and freezing injury property were determined. The study results showed that the INA bacteria widely spread on poplar in Northeast
China and caused the frozen injury for poplar under the frost condition in Spring or Autumn, which was the key factor to induce
INA bacterial canker. Through evaluation and investigation of different poplar varieties and inoculation tests, fine disease-resistant
varieties and strains of poplar suitable for Northeast China were selected. Further tests for strong seedling showed that
burying cuttings in sand and covering with plastic film could effectively avoid the frostbite, frozen and drought damage,
reduce INA bacteria infection, and promote poplar growth. INA bacterial canker was detected early by highly specialized antiserums
of INA bacteria and the agglutinated test of ring-shaped boundary surface. The inducers such as streptomycin, phenylmercuric
acetae, salicylic acid and heat-killed bacteria to immerse cuttings, have obvious induced disease-resistant effect. Before
poplar sprouted in early spring, through spraying the solution of frostbite agent, the control effect also was obvious.
Foundation item: This paper was supported by National Foundation of Ninth Five-Year Plan (No.96-005-04-01-03).
Biography: XIANG Cun-ti (1933-), male, professor in Collage of Forest Resources and Environment of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin
150040, P.R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
6.
The relationship between the change of forest resources and climatic factor in the, “Three-North” region of China were studied
in this paper. The predicting equations of climatic factor (dependent variable) with regional independent variable (longitude,
latitude and altitude) and stand independent variable (forest coverage rate), were developed by extensively using the linear
and nonlinear regression methods. With these models, we can calculate the ecological benefit of Shelter-belt forest.
Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
7.
XIEFu-ju XIAODu-ning LIXiu-zhen WANGXu-gao SHIBao-dong 《林业研究》2005,16(2):125-131
The restoration of forest landscape has drawn much attention since the catastrophic fire took place on the northern slope of Great Xing‘an Mountains in 1987. Forest canopy density, which has close relation to forest productivity, was selected as a key factor to find how much the forest quality was changed 13 years after fire, and how fire severity, regeneration way and terrain factors influenced the restoration of forest canopy density, based on forest inventory data in China, and using Kendall Bivariate Correlation Analysis, and Distances Correlation Analysis. The results showed that fire severity which was inversely correlated with forest canopy density grade was an initial factor among all that selected. Regeneration way which did not remarkably affect forest canopy density restoration in short period, may shorten the cycle of forest succession and promote the forest productivity of conophorium in the future, Among the three terrain factors, the effect of slope was the strongest, the position on slope was the second and the aspect was the last. 相似文献
8.
From September 1999 to July 2000, N and P concentrations of fine roots were measured with the method of sequential soil core
at bimonthly intervals in a mixed forest of Tsoong's tree (Tsoongiodendron odorum Chun) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) in Sanming, Fujian. The results showed that N, P concentration of Chinese fir and Tsoong's tree in fine roots
were negatively related to root diameter size. The concentrations of N and P in living roots and dead roots were compared.
The order of N concentration in fine roots in different samples was Tsoong's tree>undergrowth>Chinese fir, while that of P
was undergrowth>Tsoong's tree>Chinese fir. For Chinese fir, the seasonal change of N, P concentrations in fine roots with
various diameter classes showed a single-apex curve with a maximum in September. For Tsoong's tree, maximized concentration
of N in fine roots appeared in July or September and maximized P concentration in May.
Foundation item: The project was supported by The Foundation of Post-doctoral Research of China (1999, No 10), the Foundation for University
Key Teacher by the Ministry of Education, and the Research Programs on Basic Theory of Fujian Province (2000F004).
Biography: YANG Yu-sheng (1964-), male, professor in Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Nanping 353001, P.R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
9.
YU Da-pao GU Hui-yan WANG Jian-dong WANG Qing-li DAI Li-min 《林业研究》2005,16(3):187-192
Based on the tree-ring growth characteristics of Erman＇s birch （Betula ermanii charm.） and the relationships between it and climatic ）＇actors at elevation of 1950m, the sensitivity of tree lines in Changbai Mountain to climatic factors was assessed. The results indicated tree line forest in Changbai Mountain had an obvious sensitivity to climate factors. However, difference from other study sits is that the main climatic control factor on tree-ring growth was not current growth season temperatures, as might be expected, but previous winter and current March temperature. Although the precipitation in the region was quite abundant, the tree-ring growth was still significantly correlated with the precipitation during previous winter and current spring. Additionally, climatic factors which influenced the Erman＇s birch growth were not the yearly variables, but seasonal and monthly variables. Therefore, the reported increase in yearly mean temperature and total yearly precipitation since 1980s was not responded by sustained increase in ring widths in recent decades. 相似文献
10.
The contributions of nitrification and denitrification to N2O and N2 emissions from four forest soils on northern slop of Changbai Mountain were measured with acetylene inhibition methods. In
incubation experiments, 0.06% and 3% C2H2 were used to inhibit nitrification and denitrification in these soils, respectively. Both nitrification and denitification
existed in these soils except tundra soil, where only denitrification was found. The annually averaged rates of nitrification
and denitrification in mountain dark brown forest soil were much higher than that in other three soils. In mountain brown
coniferous soil, contributions of different processes to gaseous nitrogen emissions were Denitrification N2O>nitrification N2O>Denitrification N2. The same sequence exists in mountain soddy soil as that in the mountain brown coniferous soil. The sequence in mountain
tundra soil was Denitrification N2O>Denitrification N2.
Foundation item: This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.49701016) and the “Hundred Scientists”
Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Biography: XU Hui (1967-), male, Ph. Doctor, associate research fellow in Laboratory of Ecological Process of Trace Substance in Terrestrial
Ecosystem, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Shenyang 110015, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(4):310-323
Abstract Adapting forest management practices to the changing environment of Komi Republic requires an understanding of the response of unmanaged natural forests to climatic changes. Komi Republic is a region of north-western Russia where large areas of natural boreal forest still exist. Apical growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) (108 trees, 529 discs) and Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) (88 trees, 423 discs) was analysed using stem analysis techniques. Mean apical growth curves were calculated for four zones of boreal forests in two subsequent 50 year periods starting from 1900. A statistically significant increase in height increment of 40% for Siberian spruce and 30% for Scots pine was identified from samples representing the Komi Republic. Within this region statistically significant height increment increases were found in the middle taiga zone for Siberian spruce of 240% and Scots pine of 140%, while northern taiga Siberian spruce increased by 164%. Taking into account that trees were samples in remote untouched pristine forests, the main causes of increased height increment are suggested to be climatic, which shows a large increase in temperature (0.43°C during the past 30 years) and a modest decrease in precipitation (2.2% over the past 30 years). 相似文献
12.
在1997-1999年间,利用Bier, X.H、波钦诺克、王敬文、史瑞和等人的研究方法,分别对不同品种杨树如:美×青、A100、小黑14、黑小2、613、北京605等接种冰核活性细菌,并对接种前后树皮含水量、相对膨胀度、木质素、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性、电解质渗出率以及无机元素等进行了测定。结果表明:冰核细菌溃疡病发生后,树皮含水率降低,而膨胀度(RT值)升高;树皮内电解质渗出率增加,而在-4 C和5 C时渗出率最高;木质素的含量也有所增加,且与品种的抗病性呈正相关;苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性也有所增加,且与品种的抗病性呈正相关;Cu、Fe含量显著下降,K、Zn含量显著增加,但Mn、Ca、Mg含量变化不大。 相似文献
13.
From 2002 to 2003, based on the investigation of sample plots and stem analysis of remained plantation communities in the areas of returning farmland to forest in the 1980s in Datong County, Qinghai Province, this paper studies tree productivity and moisture potential productivity of six types of plantations on the land of returning farmland to forest, such as green poplar (Populus cathayana Rehd.) and shrub mixed forest, Asia white birch (Betula platyphylla) and China spruce (Picea asperata) mixed forest, Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii) pure forest, China spruce pure forest and Asia white birch pure forest and so on. The results show that: in sub-humid region of Loess Plateau, 3 000 trees per hm2 is a proper standard of planting density. Under current condition, the productivity index of green poplar and shrub mixed forest, Asia white birch pure forest, China spruce pure forest, and Asia white birch and China spruce mixed forest with the density of 2 100–3 333 trees per hm2 can serve as potential productivity standard of actual biomass of arbor established forest. In sub-humid area, Thornthwaite Model is adopted to estimate plant climate potential productivity, which is about 8 462 kg•hm–2•a–1. The actual potential water productive efficiency of Purplecone spruce (Picea purpurea) and Asia white birch pure established forest are 17.22 and 22.14 kg•mm–1•hm–2•a–1 respectively, and that of green poplar and shrub mixed established forest, and Asia white birch and China spruce mixed established forest are 21.14 and 19.09 kg•mm–1•hm–2•a–1 respectively. The potential productivity of green poplar and shrub mixed forest, Asia white birch and China spruce mixed forest, China spruce pure forest and Asia white birch pure forest which have grown into forest with the density of 3 000 trees per hm2 have attained or been close to that of local climax community, which is local maximum tree productivity at present. These types of forestation models are the developing direction of the returning farmland to forest project. 相似文献
14.
15.
The changes of fractal dimension ofPicea koraiensis seedlings under different light intensities in natural secondary forests was studied. The results showed that with the change
of light environment, crown characters ofPicea koraiensis seedlings exhibited a greater plastic in lateral number, lateral increment, lateral dry weight, and specific leaf area. The
range of calculated fractal dimensions of seedling crowns was confined between 2.5728 and 2.1036, but maximum of fractal dimension
achieved in term moderate shading and in extreme low light conditions fractal dimension was least.
Foundation item: This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.39670152) and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Biography: ZHOU Yong-bin (1970-), female, Ph. Doctor, lecture in Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, P.R. China
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
16.
本文应用灰色系统理论中的关联度分析方法,定量地分析了加拿大杨插条苗和刺槐播种苗苗期高生长量与气候因素的关系。结果表明:气候因子对两种苗木高生长量的影响效应基本一致,其主导因子均为水分状况,从而为苗期的科学管理提供了量化的理论依据。 相似文献
17.
转基因杨树对美国白蛾幼虫中肠保护酶系统的影响(英文) 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
以转Bt基因欧洲黑杨(P.nigra L.)和转CpTI基因毛白杨(Populus tomentosa)叶片饲喂4-5龄美国白蛾（Hyphantria cunea Drury）幼虫，对其体内保护酶系统活性进行测定。结果表明，饲喂两种转基因杨树叶片的幼虫中肠保护酶表现出相似的变化规律，SOD、CAT和POD三种酶的活性在饲喂后数小时内逐渐增加，某一时刻达到最高值，此后突然下降。饲喂转Bt基因杨树叶片的幼虫，其中肠SOD、CAT活性峰值出现在饲喂后的24小时，POD活性峰值出现在饲喂后的12小时；饲喂转CpTI基因杨树叶片的幼虫，其中肠三种保护酶活性高峰出现时间均较前者滞后12小时。本文还比较了饲喂两种转基因叶片不同中毒程度的美国白蛾幼虫体内保护酶活性，发现不论饲喂那种转基因叶片，中毒较轻者其体内保护酶活性显著高于中毒较重者，这种差异在饲喂CpTI叶片的处理株表现尤为明显。 相似文献
18.
Gao Chang-qi Sun Shou-hui Ren Xiao-guang Song Li-wen Zhang Xiao-jun Dai Wan-zhuo Xiao Hui Zhuang Cui-yun Yi De-guo Zhu Zhen-yu Ren Hai-bo 《林业研究》2001,12(4):263-265
An experimental area of poplar was established in Songyuan of Jilin Province in 1999 for testing the resistance of different
poplar stains toSaperda poplnea. Incidence ofS. poplnea on ten poplar strains were investigated, and the main trophic component of branches of these poplar trees were measured and
analyzed in April 2001. The results showed that there existed significant difference in population size ofS. poplnea on different poplar strains, and the branches of these poplar strains have significant difference in nutrient component and
content of amino acids. The population size of this pest had a significantly positive correlation with dissolvable total sugar
and water content but had no significant correlation with content of total nitrogen and protein nitrogen.
Foundation Item: This paper is part of the subject of integrated control of longicorn of poplar for mainly focusing on pest resistance, which
was supported by Jilin Provincial Forestry Department (96-010).
Biography: Gao Chang-qi (1949-), Research Fellow, Doctorate Tutor, Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Science, Changehun 139931,
P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
19.
FORESTAR：A decision—support system for multi—objective forest management in Northeast China 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
SHAOGuo-fan DAILi-min LIYing-shan LiuYong-min BAIGuang-xin 《林业研究》2003,14(2):141-145
Past monoculture forestry in China has contributed to countrywide ecological disasters and economic difficulties in forestry regions. China‘s new forestry programs, Natural Forest Conservation Program and Returning Farmlands to Forests Program, provide opportunities for ecosystem management of mountain forests in China. A decision support system, FORE-STAR, has been developed for better managing and protecting natural forests in Changbai Mountain area. It uses GIS-based forest inventory data at a scale of forestry bureau. The first version contains two sub-modules: forest operation and forest res-toration. Under each sub-module, users can compare several decision options and make optimal choices. It can help field for-esters, forest managers, and policy makers make multi-objective and consistent decisions in planning forest management at hierarchical administrative scales. 相似文献
20.
森林生态效益经济补偿综合评估(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
长期以来人们忽视了森林产品的非市场价值,从经济角度上来看, 这将导致保护森林资源的难度加大。本文在以前研究的基础之上,综合了恩格尔系数和逻辑斯谛曲线构造了补偿系数,计算了长白山地区森林生态效益的经济补偿值。结果表明,1999 年应支付的总补偿值为637.93 元/公顷,其中70%将直接支付给当地居民和其它相关利益者。这一数值远远高于现有的补偿值。从当前的形势看,中央政府不可能承担所有的森林保护费用和支付所有的保护森林的开支。本文提出可以利用当地政府的财政投资以及将补偿费用纳入到现行财政体系中解决方法。图1 表2参17。 相似文献