共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 183 毫秒
1.
在3个供氮水平和2个水稻品种(华粳2号和武香粳9号）的田间试验条件下,测试分析了不同处理水稻顶部4张完全展开叶片氮含量及对应的荧光参数。不同供氮水平的水稻叶片氮含量和荧光参数差异明显,均随施氮量的增加呈上升趋势。叶片荧光参数随生育期推迟呈抛物线型变化,以抽穗期为界先上升后下降,直到成熟期降为最低。叶片荧光参数随不同叶位的变化规律为：顶1叶>顶2叶>顶3叶>顶4叶。同一水稻品种各叶位叶片氮含量分别与荧光参数呈极显著相关,且华粳2号的相关性高于武香粳9号。综合水稻品种的不同叶位,叶片氮含量与荧光参数ΦPSⅡ、qP均呈良好的线性相关。基于ΦPSⅡ和qP宜采用不同的回归方程来反演不同叶位叶片氮含量。因此,荧光参数ΦPSⅡ和qP有可能用来估算水稻叶片氮含量。 相似文献
2.
氮素对小麦不同叶位叶片叶绿素荧光参数的调控效应 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了解氮素对小麦不同叶位叶片光合能量利用的影响,测定和分析了旱地和水地小麦品种在3个氮素水平下不同叶位叶片的叶绿素荧光参数.结果表明,随氮素水平的提高,小麦幼苗叶片最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)和非光化学猝灭系数(qN)都呈上升趋势,而光化学猝灭系数(qP)则呈下降趋势;但旱地品种叶片荧光参数对氮素更敏感,旱地品种小麦幼苗叶片的Fm、Fv、 Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo和qN均高于水地品种,qP低于水地品种.旱地和水地品种在不同氮素处理下各叶位叶绿素荧光参数表现不同,光合能量利用随叶位的降低逐渐升高. 相似文献
3.
山东棕壤茶区茶树荧光性绿斑病因的营养诊断 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
茶树荧光性绿斑病是一种茶树成叶生理型病害,在叶片背面有深绿色隆起的颗粒或斑块,且在病变处可见自发的黄绿色荧光。为了探明该病害的发生原因,对山东不同茶区、品种和病害程度的荧光性绿斑病叶13种元素含量进行测定,并与对照叶含量和茶叶中元素正常范围进行综合比较分析,筛选出与病害发生相关的可能元素,在此基础上,利用砂培进行不同营养液诱导处理,观测各处理诱导病害发生情况,同时测定诱导病叶中相关元素含量,结果表明:⑴钙、锰、铝过量处理可以诱导茶树荧光性绿斑病发生;⑵山东棕壤茶区荧光性绿斑病的发生是由于成叶中钙、锰两种元素过量累积所致。此外,讨论了茶树钙、锰、铝中毒的营养诊断指标。 相似文献
4.
应用SPAD叶绿素仪测定不同位置胡椒叶片的SPAD值 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以不同种植年限结果胡椒为试验材料,进行不同叶位不同测定位置SPAD值的测定,研究不同测定位置SPAD值分布特点及稳定性。结果表明,SPAD值的大小和稳定性均以测定位置不同而变化。距离叶基部40%~50%或50%~60%这段叶片SPAD值最接近该叶平均值,且稳定性较好。因此,综合考虑不同测定位置的代表性和稳定性,在使用SPAD叶绿素仪进行胡椒叶片叶绿素水平测定时,距离叶基部50%左右为适宜的测定位置。 相似文献
5.
甘蔗苗期不同叶位叶绿素荧光特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确不同叶位和叶片不同部位叶绿素荧光特性的分布规律及其随生长时间的变化规律,进而实现甘蔗光合潜力的快速评价,本研究通过桶栽试验对3个甘蔗主栽品种（ROC22、ROC16、桂柳05-136）不同叶位和叶片不同部位的叶绿素荧光特性进行比较分析,并研究叶绿素荧光参数对生长时间的响应。结果表明：光系统II（PSII）量子效率（ΦII）随着倒数叶位的增加而下降,在叶片不同部位之间表现为叶中部>叶尖端>叶基部,相同叶位不同品种间ΦII的差异不显著;可调节性能量耗散（ΦNPQ）则随着倒数叶位的增加而上升;非调节性能量耗散（ΦNO）在不同叶位（除倒四叶）及品种间并无显著差异。随着生长时间的推进,上部叶位具有较高的ΦII和较低的ΦNPQ;中部叶位的ΦII和光化学猝灭（qL）变化很小;下部叶位在叶片生长的前两周,能量分配在ΦII和ΦNPQ之间进行,ΦNO基本保持不变;而超过3周后,3个供试品种的ΦII、qL和最大光能利用效率（Fv/Fm）均有不同程度的下降,降幅为ΦII>qL>Fv/Fm,同时伴随着ΦNO的增加。上述结果表明光能利用效率以上部叶位最高,中部叶位稳定,而下部叶位最低且差异较为显著。而不同叶位相对电子传递速率（rETR）对生长时间的响应研究表明,在苗期上部第一片全展叶的中部叶位光能转化能力最强,可选择该叶片的中部叶位进行叶绿素荧光特性横向比较。本研究初步明确了不同叶位光能的利用效率及其随生长时间的变化趋势,为如何选择合适的叶位进行叶绿素荧光检测,进而开展甘蔗冠层光合潜力的快速评价奠定基础。 相似文献
6.
不同冬小麦品种(系)叶绿素荧光差异分析 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：17
为了了解不同冬小麦品种光合作用微观机理差异,为华北地区高光效冬小麦品种筛选提供理论依据,对7个冬小麦品种(系)的旗叶叶绿素a荧光参数和叶绿素含量差异用LI-6400便携式光合测定系统和分光光度计法分别进行了测定分析。结果表明,不同品种间叶绿素a荧光参数(Fo、Fm、Fv／Fm、Fs、qP、qN、ψPs。等)存在较大差异,导致叶片及作物群体光能利用率、光合作用速率、产量产生差异。试验结果进一步显示：(1)科农9204、高优503和石4185的光能利用率较高,而科农9204的产量最高,收获指数较大;(2)小麦产量和灌浆期旗叶的光能利用率有一定关系;(3)旗叶叶绿素含量在品种(系)间有一定差异,但其与产量之间没有相关关系。 相似文献
7.
本文采用氧电极方法,测定不同季节发育成熟的叶片净光合作用和呼吸作用对测定温度的敏感性,以期了解不同季节茶树叶片光合作用和呼吸作用适宜温度的差异。材料与方法 1.材料:在浙农大华家池茶树品种园内选取五年生水古种茶树的春梢成熟叶、夏梢成熟叶和秋梢越冬叶,分别于1985年8月 相似文献
8.
苎麻品种光合性状研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验对汉寿肉麻、浏阳鸡骨白荔波大蔸麻三个苎麻品种不同叶位叶片的田间净光合强度及各叶叶面积进行了测定,并计算出单叶光合量。得出三项光合性状测定值在供试品种间差异不显著,同一品种内生长正常的植株间三项光合性状值差异亦不显著,其叶位间差异显著,表现为第9～12叶的叶面积和第12～15叶的单叶光合量显著地大于其它叶位叶片。 相似文献
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春玉米叶片SPAD值与氮含量及产量的相关性研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
通过田间小区试验,研究不同时期玉米叶片SPAD值与叶绿素、氮含量及产量的相关性,确定SPAD值测定的最佳叶位及时期。结果表明,上位叶SPAD值对氮素的敏感时期顺序为12叶期>10叶期>8叶期;穗位叶SPAD值对氮素的敏感时期顺序为抽雄期>灌浆期>蜡熟期。叶片SPAD值可以很好的反映植株叶绿素和氮含量及产量水平,以某一特定叶片的SPAD值来诊断春玉米氮素营养状况和推荐追肥时期时,10叶期是较为理想的测定时期;作为早期预测玉米产量的指标,12叶期为最佳时期。测定SPAD值方法简便、快捷,不破坏叶片生长,可作为早期预测玉米产量的指标。 相似文献
11.
Robert K. Prange Kenneth B. McRae David J. Midmore Ribo Deng 《American Journal of Potato Research》1990,67(6):357-369
The relationship of photosynthesis and dark respiration to reduced potato growth at temperatures above 20°C was determined. Ten potato clones were propagated in vitro from sterile plandets and grown in a growth chamber at 20/15°C and 30/25°C (day/night) with an 18 hr. daylength. Plants were harvested 26 to 30 days after transplanting. Daylength was decreased to 12 hrs. to induce tuberization and plants were harvested at 45-51 and 75-79 days after transplanting. At each harvest one plant from each cultivar was chosen from each of five blocks and selected growth (tuber number and dry weight of leaves, stems, roots and stolons, and tubers) and physiological variates [leaf area, net photosynthesis, maintenance dark respiration, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters 0 (Initial), P (Peak), T (Terminal), P-O (Variable fluorescence) and P-T (Fluorescence quenching)] were measured. The high temperature decreased root and stolon, tuber and total dry weight and increased stem dry weight. Amongst physiological variates, the higher temperature decreased leaf area, net photosynthesis and maintenance dark respiration. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter 0 significantly increased, which also increased the P and T parameters. Variable fluorescence (P-O) and fluorescence quenching (PT) were not significantly affected by the growth temperature. The analyses of covariance, in which physiological variates were used as covariates to remove significant differences in growth variates, indicated that the most effective covariate was the T chlorophyll fluorescence parameter. The least effective covariates were leaf dark respiration and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters P-O and P-T. The changes in 0 fluorescence suggest that reduced photosynthetic efficiency, particularly in Photosystem II, plays a major role in reduced potato production at high temperatures. 相似文献
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Michael K. Thornton Nasrullah J. Malik Robert B. Dwelle 《American Journal of Potato Research》1996,73(2):63-77
The rate of dark respiration (Rd) and net photosynthesis (Pn) at various leaf temperatures was examined in three potato clones (Solatium tuberosum L.) differing in heat tolerance. Plants were grown at low (25/12 C, day/night) and high (35/25 C) greenhouse air temperatures for five weeks, beginning two weeks after tuberization. Gas exchange characteristics were measured by manometric and infrared gas analyzer techniques. Respiration:photosynthesis ratios were calculated as indicators of leaf carbon balance. High greenhouse temperature reduced whole plant and tuber growth rate of all clones, however, the reduction was highest in the cultivar Russet Burbank (heat sensitive). Gas exchange characteristics did not explain differences in heat tolerance. The heat tolerant cultivar Desiree had Rd similar to Russet Burbank, while the clone DTO-28, also heat tolerant, had lower Rd of mature leaves than Russet Burbank or Desiree. However, all clones had similar Rd of immature leaves. There was no apparent relationship between heat tolerance and Pn for the three clones. DTO-28 had lower respirationrphotosynthesis ratios of immature and mature leaves than Russet Burbank 4 weeks after the start of the high temperature treatment. Desiree had respiration:photosynthesis ratios as high as Russet Burbank. At different sampling times, Rd increased in a linear and curvilinear manner with increasing leaf temperature up to 40 C. Heat tolerant and sensitive clones had similar rates of increase in Rd with increasing leaf temperature. Simultaneous measurement of Rd and Pn did not help explain differences in heat tolerance among clones. However, determination of respirationrphotosynthesis ratios may help explain the physiological basis for heat tolerance of some clones. 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):317-322
AbstractHand-held SPAD meter can be used to evaluate the leaf nitrogen status of potato. For practical use, it is necessary to select a proper compound leaf, a proper leaflet within compound leaf and position of leaflet suitable for measurement. Therefore, field experiments were conducted in northern China in 2009 and 2010. The SPAD values, plant growth, N uptake of potato plants at tuber initiation and tuber bulking stages under different N supply levels, and final tuber yields were examined. The criteria for determining the most suitable leaf, leaflet and position within a leaflet are that the SPAD values show less variation at a given N supply level, and show a more sensitive response to different nitrogen levels. Our results showed that the coefficients of variance of SPAD values ranged from 8.7 to 25.9% with a leaf N concentration range of 2.1 to 3.8 gN 100 g-1 at tuber initiation stage, and 7.2 to 21.6% with leaf N concentration range of 0.96 to 1.26gN 100 g-1 at the tuber bulking stage. The SPAD values of the 4th compound leaf from apex were more stable and more sensitive to the nitrogen level than those of other leaves, suggesting that the 4th compound leaf is suitable for estimating the leaf N status using a SPAD meter. Within a compound leaf, the SPAD value of the top leaflet was more sensitivethan the other leaflets to nitrogen supply, whereas it was less stable, making it difficult to chose the leaflet for measurement. However, the top leaflet emerges and expands much earlier than the side leaflets, and should be better for SPAD value measurement. The SPAD measurements at the top point of the top leaflet of the 4th leaf demonstrated both less variation and higher sensitivity to nitrogen supply. Therefore, we conclude that the top point of the top leaflet of the 4th compound leaf is the best position for potato N status diagnosis using a SPAD meter. 相似文献
16.
水稻孕穗期不同叶位叶片的气体交换与叶绿素荧光特性 总被引：31，自引：3，他引：28
研究了6个水稻品种孕穗期不同叶位的气体交换和叶绿素荧光特性,结果表明净光合速率([i]P[/i][sub]n[/sub]）、气孔导度（[i]g[/i]）、蒸腾速率（[i]E[/i]）和水分利用效率（[i]WUE[/i]）均随叶位降低而明显下降;而胞间CO[sub]2[/sub]浓度（[i]C[/i][sub]i[/sub]）基本维持不变,说明叶片衰老时[i]P[/i][sub]n[/sub]的下降主要不是气孔因素引起的。叶绿素含量降低与[i]P[/i][sub]n[/sub]下降的表现一致,叶绿素荧光分析表明[i]F[/i][sub]v[/sub]/[i]F[/i][sub]m[/sub]和[i]F[/i]'[sub]v[/sub]/[i]F[/i]'[sub]m[/sub]没有随叶位发生变化,而PSⅡ的光化学效率[i]Ф[/i][sub]PSⅡ[/sub]和电子传递速率([i]ETR[/i]）随叶位降低明显下降,这表明可能是PSⅠ电子传递受阻导致CO[sub]2[/sub]同化下降。 相似文献
17.
蛇皮果不同品种幼苗耐寒性比较的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以蛇皮果[Salacca zalacca(Gaertner)Voss]Bali、Pondoh、Galing和马来西亚(M)4个品种的盆栽幼苗为材料,通过低温胁迫,测定叶片伤害率、叶片的可溶性糖、丙二醛和脯氨酸等生理指标.研究其抗寒性.结果表明,叶片的伤害率和相对电导率随着处理温度的降低而增加,变化强度为:Bali>马来西亚(M)>Gading>Pondoh:叶片的半致死温度(LT50)在4～6℃之间.同时,随着处理温度的降低,可溶性糖、脯氨酸和丙二醛等的含量均明显增加.综合结果表明,4个品种的耐寒性依次为:Pondoh>Gading>M>Bali.该结果为进一步开展蛇皮果耐寒性的研究和中国热区的引种和适应性栽培提供参考依据. 相似文献
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施氮水平及方式对玉米冠层NDVI、氮含量、叶绿素和产量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在不同施氮水平和方式（不追肥和拔节期追肥）的田间试验条件下,采集并测定玉米不同生育期的冠层归一化植被指数（NDVI）、叶片SPAD值、叶绿素含量、叶片全氮含量和产量,研究不同氮素水平下各指标间的相互关系。结果表明,在不同生育期玉米叶片叶绿素含量和冠层NDVI值均随施氮量的增加而增大,追肥能显著提高叶片叶绿素含量和冠层NDVI值,灌浆期玉米叶片叶绿素含量增加幅度最大。冠层NDVI值与叶片氮含量、叶绿素含量的相关系数在各生育期均达到显著或极显著水平,叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量的关系同冠层NDVI值一致,两者均可以对玉米进行氮素营养的诊断,但NDVI比SPAD更具有快速可靠的优点。追肥较不追肥处理有明显增产效果,平均增产幅度为29.23%,最大增幅为44.13%。 相似文献