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喹胺醇对小白鼠精子致畸性试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
用昆明小白鼠为靶动物，进行了小鼠精子畸形试验，研究以喹胺醇的致畸作用。选择成年健康雄性昆明种小鼠30只（体重28－32g），随机分成6组。喹胺醇分为450mg/kg(1/20LD50），750mg/kg(1/12LD50），1000mg/kg(1/9LD50）和1500mg/kg(1/6LD50）4个剂量组，用2％吐温－80配成混悬液灌胃，阴性对照组2％吐温－80灌胃，阳性对照组用环磷酰胺（40mg/kg）腹腔注射，连续5d。结果表明，喹胺醇对小白鼠精子无致畸作用。 相似文献
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试验旨在探究玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)、呕吐毒素(DON)和黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)联合染毒对小鼠睾丸的毒性作用。选用60只8周龄SPF ICR小鼠，适应性饲养10 d后，将体重相近(38.88±0.29)g的48只小鼠随机分为4组，每组12只，低剂量霉菌毒素联合染毒组(LD组)腹腔注射10mg/kgBWZEN+1 mg/kg BW DON+0.5 mg/kg BW AFB1，中剂量霉菌毒素联合染毒组(MD组)腹腔注射20 mg/kg BW ZEN+1.5 mg/kg BW DON+1 mg/kg BW AFB1，高剂量霉菌毒素联合染毒组(HD组)腹腔注射30 mg/kg BW ZEN+2 mg/kg BW DON+2 mg/kg BW AFB1，对照组(CON组)腹腔注射等量玉米油。腹腔注射24 h后处死小鼠，采集附睾精子及睾丸组织样本。结果表明：与CON组相比，LD组(P<0.05)、MD组(P<0.001)、HD组(P<0.001)精子活性均降低；与CON组相比，霉菌毒素联合染... 相似文献
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本文旨在观察不同钼水平对山羊血清自由基代谢的影响.选用27头健康山羊随机分成3组,七钼酸铵[(NH4)6MO7O24·4H2O]作为试验钼源,以水溶液灌服试验山羊.对照组灌服相应剂量蒸馏水,高钼组山羊按每公斤体质量15 mg和45 mg(钼).试验50 d,于第0、10、20、30、40、50天采血,检测血清自由基含量和抗氧化酶活性变化.高水平钼会引起山羊食欲下降、体质量减轻、渐进性腹泻.组内比较,随着试验时间的延长,15 mg Mo/kg·BW组、45 mg Mo/kg·BW组T-AOC、SOD的活性下降,试验第40天和50天显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);MDA、NO含量和TNOS、i-NOS活性升高,试验第40天和50天升高显著(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).组间比较,15 mgMo/kg·BW组、45 mg Mo/kg·BW组T-AOC、SOD活性显著低于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),MDA、NO含量和TNOS、i-NOS活性显著高于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结果表明高钼能导致山羊机体抗氧化功能受损,出现自由基累积,而且钼浓度越高、时间越长对机体抗氧化功能损伤越重. 相似文献
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自制中药复方片剂对小鼠的急性毒性试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了验证自制中药复方片剂的安全性,确定中草药配伍提取后制成的片剂毒性,采用小鼠急性毒性试验方法测定小鼠半数致死量(LD50)。结果表明,复方中药片剂对小鼠腹腔的LD50=42 884mg/kg,其Dmin=10 000 mg/kg,Dmax=80 000 mg/kg,MLD=16 822 mg/kg,LD50的95%可信限为35 222.77~50 545.23mg/kg。注射剂量为47 604mg/kg的小鼠,其肝脏肿大,边缘呈暗红色,易碎,肾脏肿大不明显;而61 742mg/kg与80 079mg/kg的小鼠肝脏和肾脏均肿大,肝脏表面呈现紫红色,其切面呈暗红色,质地软易碎,肠系膜略有充血现象,其他脏器无眼观变化。根据毒理学评价标准,LD5010 000mg/kg,属于无毒性物质,本试验证实中药复方片剂对小鼠安全无毒。 相似文献
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为了研究亚急性硒中毒对小鼠精子质量的影响,试验选用雄性昆明鼠灌胃染毒。高、中、低剂量组分别按照0.135 mg/kg、0.540 mg/kg、2.160 mg/kg剂量浓度灌胃亚硒酸钠溶液,对照组灌胃纯化水,连续攻毒30 d,每隔10 d各组随机选取10只采样,检查睾丸脏器系数、精子密度、精子活率、精子畸形率。随着染硒剂量的增加和时间的延长,各染硒剂量组睾丸脏器系数呈下降趋势,小鼠精子密度和精子活率随染硒剂量的增加逐渐减小,各染硒组小鼠的精子畸形率均有增加,呈现明显的时间-剂量-效应关系。结果表明：亚急性硒中毒可影响雄性小鼠生长发育,阻碍睾丸的发育甚至引起睾丸萎缩,影响精子的生成和发育,降低雄性小鼠的生殖机能。 相似文献
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本试验旨在对植物炭黑进行毒理学安全评价。小鼠急性毒性试验(LD50测定)按植物炭黑5 000 mg/kg体重剂量经口灌胃，观察试验期内小鼠中毒症状、大体剖检及死亡情况。小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变试验及小鼠精子畸形试验以环磷酰胺40 mg/kg体重为阳性对照组、1%羧甲基纤维素钠为阴性对照组，植物炭黑设5 000 mg/kg体重、2 500 mg/kg体重、1 250 mg/kg体重3个剂量组，经口灌胃，观察试验小鼠股骨骨髓细胞染色体结构及数目异常细胞，观察雄性小鼠两侧附睾精子形态及各类畸形精子。结果表明：1)按5 000 mg/kg体重剂量经口灌胃，观察期内小鼠无中毒症状、大体剖检无异常变化、死亡率为0%。2)阳性对照组小鼠染色体畸变细胞率极显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.01)，植物炭黑3个剂量组小鼠染色体畸变细胞率与阴性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)阳性对照组小鼠精子畸形率极显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.01)，植物炭黑3个剂量组小鼠精子畸形率与阴性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。植物炭黑对小鼠经口急性毒性试验的LD50大于5 000 ... 相似文献
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本研究旨在观察不同钼水平对山羊红细胞膜自由基代谢及其酶活性的影响。选用27头健康山羊随机分成3组，选用七钼酸铵（[（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O]）作为本试验口服钼源，采用（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O水溶液对实验山羊每d1次的方式进行灌服。对照组灌服相应剂量蒸馏水，高钼组山羊按每公斤体质量15mg和45mg（以钼计）灌服（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O水溶液（15mg Mo·kg^-1·BW组（Ⅱ组）和45mgMo·kg^-1·BW组（Ⅲ组））。试验为期50d，并于第0、10、20、30、40、50天采血，测定红细胞膜中自由基含量和酶活性变化。结果显示，组内比较，Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组GSH—Px、T—AOC、CAT、GST、T—AOC、ATPase和AKP活性在试验前期（0～30d）差异不显著（P〉0．05），试验后期（40～50d）与前期比较下降，差异显著（P〈0．05）；MDA含量、XOD和LDH活性在实验前期（0～30d）差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）与前期（0～30d）比较升高，差异显著（P〈0．05）；组间比较，Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组GSH—Px、T—AOC、CAT、GST、T—AOC、ATPase和AKP活性在实验前期（0～30d）与对照组比较差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）与对照组比较降低，差异显著（P〈0．05）；MDA含量、XOD和LDH活性前期（0-30d）与对照组比较差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）升高，差异显著（P〈0．05）。由此可见，摄入过量的钼会导致山羊红细胞膜抗氧化功能降低、自由基含量升高和能量代谢障碍。 相似文献
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AIM: To determine the impact of sodium molybdate treatment, given weekly, on concentrations of Cu in liver, activity of liver enzymes, and weight gain over 4 weeks, in yearling bulls with elevated concentrations of Cu in liver.METHODS: The study was carried on two commercial grazing farms in the Otago region of New Zealand in yearling Friesian bulls (n=150 on Farm A and n=49 on Farm B) with mean concentration of Cu in liver >3,000 µmol/kg fresh weight. On Day 0, all animals were weighed and half were systematically allocated to treatment with sodium molybdate (3?mg/kg liveweight on Farm A and 7?mg/kg liveweight on Farm B); the remainder received no treatment (Control). Sodium molybdate was given as a drench weekly for 4 weeks and all animals were weighed again on Day 28. Ten animals on each farm (five from each treatment group) were systematically selected for blood sampling and liver biopsies on Days 0 and 28. Samples were analysed for concentrations of Cu in plasma, vitamin B12 in serum, activities of γ–glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase in serum, and concentrations of Cu and vitamin B12 in liver. Separate multivariable linear models were used to compare the change in outcome variables between Days 0 and 28 between bulls that had been drenched with sodium molybdate or not.RESULTS: On Farm A, mean concentrations of Cu in liver on Day 28, as a percentage of concentrations on Day 0, for the control group was 55 (95% CI=40–73)% and for the treatment group was 73 (95% CI=43–111)%. On Farm B, the equivalent mean for the control group was 75 (95% CI=42–131)% and for the treatment group was 85 (95% CI=38–134)%. The multivariable linear models indicated that the changes in concentrations of Cu in liver, activities of liver enzymes and weight gain between Days 0 and 28 did not differ between the bulls treated or not with sodium molybdate (p>0.18).CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Treatment with sodium molybdate in one bolus at weekly intervals for 4 weeks did not affect concentrations of Cu in liver, activity of liver enzymes or weight gain in animals with high concentrations of Cu liver on two farms. 相似文献
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AIM: To determine the effect of increasing molybdenum (Mo) intakes on serum and liver copper (Cu) concentrations and growth rates of grazing red deer (Cervus elaphus). METHODS: Molybdenum- and Cu-amended fertilisers were applied to six 1.1-ha paddocks in a 3 x 2 design. Three levels of Mo were applied on two paddocks at each level in mid April (designated Day 1); levels were: none (control), 0.5 (medium) and 1.0 (high) kg Mo/ha as sodium molybdate. In late May (Day 39), two levels of Cu (none and 3.0 kg Cu/ha, as copper sulphate) were applied to each of the three levels of Mo-treated paddocks. Pasture Mo, Cu and sulphur (S) concentrations were measured at about fortnightly intervals. In late June (Day 74), ten 6-month-old red deer hinds were placed on the six experimental pastures, and serum and liver Cu concentrations were monitored at about monthly intervals for 102 days. The hinds were weighed on four occasions during the trial. RESULTS: Mean pasture Mo concentrations on Day 56 were 2, 4.6 and 11.3 mg/kg dry matter (DM) for the untreated control, medium and high Mo-treated pastures, respectively. Pasture Cu concentration was 95 mg/kg DM on Day 59, 53 mg/kg DM on Day 90, and 9 mg/kg DM by Day 153. Mean S concentration in pasture was 3.3 (range 3.03-3.45) g/kg DM. Copper application to pasture had no significant effect on serum and liver Cu concentrations in deer so data were pooled within Mo treatment. Mean initial (Day 74) serum Cu concentration was 9.2 micromol/L. In the deer grazing the control Mo pasture, this increased to 10.3 micromol/L on Day 112, before decreasing to 6.4 micromol/L on Day 176. In deer grazing the medium and high Mo-treated pastures, mean serum Cu concentrations were 3.8 and 3.9 micromol/L, respectively, on Day 112, and 2.5 and 3.3 micromol/L, respectively, on Day 176. Mean initial (Day 74) liver Cu concentration was 131 micromol/kg fresh tissue. In the deer grazing the control Mo pasture, this declined to 120 and 52 micromol/kg on Days 112 and Day 176, respectively. In deer grazing the medium and high Mo-treated pastures, liver Cu concentrations decreased to 55 and 52 micromol/kg fresh tissue, respectively, on Day 112, and 21 and 20 micromol/kg fresh tissue, respectively, on Day 176. Mean serum and liver Cu concentrations were not significantly different between deer grazing the medium and high Mo-treated pastures, and were lower (serum p=0.003, liver p<0.001) in those groups than in deer grazing the untreated control pastures. No clinical signs of Cu deficiency associated with lameness were observed. Deer grazing pastures that had Mo concentrations >10 mg/kg DM had lower (p=0.002) growth rates (100 vs 130 g/day) than those on pastures containing <2.4 mg Mo/kg DM. CONCLUSION: Increasing pasture Mo concentrations from 2 mg/kg DM to > or =4.6 mg/kg DM significantly reduced serum and liver Cu concentrations in grazing deer. Reduced growth rate was observed at pasture Mo concentrations >10 mg/kg DM. 相似文献
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以体外培养的小鼠睾丸间质细胞系TM3 为材料,加入不同质量浓度的钼酸钠溶液（0,10,20,40,80,160mg/L）染毒培养,分别在干预4,8,12,24,48h采用MTT法检测细胞的增殖。干预48h后,采用流式细胞术检测细胞周期和凋亡,单细胞凝胶电泳检测DNA损伤的变化。结果表明：与对照组相比,不同剂量钼酸钠作用24h后,睾丸间质细胞的增殖活性均受到抑制;不同质量浓度的钼酸钠作用48h后,细胞周期阻滞于G0/G1期,20mg/L及其以上剂量组G0/G1期细胞百分率与对照组相比显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;与对照组相比,各剂量组TM3 小鼠睾丸间质细胞凋亡率显著升高,差异极显著（P〈0.01）;细胞尾部DNA含量及细胞尾长随着钼剂量的增加呈不同程度的增加,且存在着剂量—效应关系。结论说明钼能够引起睾丸间质细胞周期的紊乱,并诱导睾丸间质细胞发生DNA损伤和凋亡。 相似文献
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Botha CJ Shakespeare AS Gehring R van der Merwe D 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2001,72(4):183-188
The efficacy of a molybdate formulation and a zinc oxide bolus as prophylactic agents for enzootic icterus was evaluated in sheep. Before copper loading, liver biopsies were performed on 12 male, 6-month-old, Mutton Merino sheep to determine hepatic copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. The animals were restrictively randomised according to liver copper concentrations to 3 treatment groups (n = 4) to achieve similar mean liver copper concentrations per group. All sheep received 4 ml/kg of a 0.5 % aqueous solution of CuSO4 5H2O intraruminally 7 days per week for 10 weeks. On Day 0 the sheep in the Mo-group were injected subcutaneously with 42 mg molybdenum (Mo) contained in a commercial molybdate formulation. The animals in the Zn-group each received a zinc oxide bolus, containing 43 g zinc oxide, via a rumen cannula. Treatment was repeated on Day 42. Four animals served as untreated controls. Urinary copper excretion, plasma copper concentration, haematocrit and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) activity were determined throughout the trial. The animals were sacrificed after 10 weeks and liver samples were submitted for histopathological examination. Liver and kidney copper and zinc concentrations were determined. Neither the molybdate treatment nor the zinc oxide boluses prevented hepatic copper accumulation. The urinary copper excretion, plasma copper concentration, haematocrit and GLDH activity were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from the controls. 相似文献
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AIM: To determine the effect of increasing molybdenum (Mo) intakes on serum and liver copper (Cu) concentrations and growth rates of grazing red deer (Cervus elaphus). METHODS: Molybdenum- and Cu-amended fertilisers were applied to six 1.1-ha paddocks in a 3 × 2 design. Three levels of Mo were applied on two paddocks at each level in mid April (designated Day 1); levels were: none (control), 0.5 (medium) and 1.0 (high) kg Mo/ha as sodium molybdate. In late May (Day 39), two levels of Cu (none and 3.0 kg Cu/ha, as copper sulphate) were applied to each of the three levels of Mo-treated paddocks. Pasture Mo, Cu and sulphur (S) concentrations were measured at about fortnightly intervals. In late June (Day 74), ten 6-month-old red deer hinds were placed on the six experimental pastures, and serum and liver Cu concentrations were monitored at about monthly intervals for 102 days. The hinds were weighed on four occasions during the trial. RESULTS: Mean pasture Mo concentrations on Day 56 were 2, 4.6 and 11.3 mg/kg dry matter (DM) for the untreated control, medium and high Mo-treated pastures, respectively. Pasture Cu concentration was 95 mg/kg DM on Day 59, 53 mg/kg DM on Day 90, and 9 mg/kg DM by Day 153. Mean S concentration in pasture was 3.3 (range 3.03–3.45) g/kg DM. Copper application to pasture had no significant effect on serum and liver Cu concentrations in deer so data were pooled within Mo treatment. Mean initial (Day 74) serum Cu concentration was 9.2 µmol/L. In the deer grazing the control Mo pasture, this increased to 10.3 µmol/L on Day 112, before decreasing to 6.4 µmol/L on Day 176. In deer grazing the medium and high Mo-treated pastures, mean serum Cu concentrations were 3.8 and 3.9 µmol/L, respectively, on Day 112, and 2.5 and 3.3 µmol/L, respectively, on Day 176. Mean initial (Day 74) liver Cu concentration was 131 µmol/kg fresh tissue. In the deer grazing the control Mo pasture, this declined to 120 and 52 µmol/kg on Days 112 and Day 176, respectively. In deer grazing the medium and high Motreated pastures, liver Cu concentrations decreased to 55 and 52 µmol/kg fresh tissue, respectively, on Day 112, and 21 and 20 µmol/kg fresh tissue, respectively, on Day 176. Mean serum and liver Cu concentrations were not significantly different between deer grazing the medium and high Mo-treated pastures, and were lower (serum p=0.003, liver p<0.001) in those groups than in deer grazing the untreated control pastures. No clinical signs of Cu deficiency associated with lameness were observed. Deer grazing pastures that had Mo concentrations >10 mg/kg DM had lower (p=0.002) growth rates (100 vs 130 g/day) than those on pastures containing <2.4 mg Mo/kg DM. CONCLUSION: Increasing pasture Mo concentrations from 2 mg/kg DM to ≥4.6 mg/kg DM significantly reduced serum and liver Cu concentrations in grazing deer. Reduced growth rate was observed at pasture Mo concentrations >10 mg/kg DM. 相似文献
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Four groups of three ram lambs were fed, in group pens, the following diets from 4 to 19 wk of age: 1) control (6 mg Cu/kg and 1 mg Mo/kg); 2) control plus 10 mg Cu/kg; 3) control plus 10 mg Mo/kg and 4) control plus 10 mg/kg of both Cu and Mo. Copper and Mo were added to the diet as copper sulfate and sodium molybdate. The main ingredients of the diets were alfalfa hay (20%), oats (20%) and corn (59%). At 19 wk, the animals were allocated randomly to individual metabolism cages and received a single oral dose of 75Se-selenomethionine. Liver Cu concentrations at slaughter (22 wk) were 77, 259, 68 and 316 mg/kg fresh weight for treatments 1 through 4. There was clinical evidence of Cu poisoning in lambs on treatment 2. Sheep given Cu supplements without additional Mo had reduced (P less than .05) levels of 75Se activity in muscle compared with control animals. This decrease in muscle 75Se in Cu-supplemented lambs was associated with a nonsignificant increase in 75Se content of other tissues and a nonsignificant increase in fecal excretion of 75Se. Apparent absorption and net retention of 75Se was 80% and 74%, respectively. Long-term ingestion of moderate levels of Cu influenced the metabolism of Se fed as selenomethionine, possibly through effects of chronic Cu toxicity on liver function. 相似文献
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钼酸钠对低温胁迫下狼尾草渗透调节物质和膜稳定性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以狼尾草（Pennisetum alopecuroides）为材料,研究了不同质量浓度的钼酸钠对低温胁迫下狼尾草幼苗中几种渗透调节物质含量和细胞膜稳定性的影响。结果表明,钼酸钠可显著提高低温胁迫下的狼尾草叶片总叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、抗坏血酸、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸等物质的含量,降低丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性,缓解狼尾草受到的低温冷害;钼酸钠缓解低温胁迫的最低效应质量浓度为0.5 mg·L-1,且在0.5~5.0 mg·L-1质量浓度范围内对狼尾草渗透调节物质和细胞膜稳定性的影响无显著差异。 相似文献
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Gunnar Norheim Nils E. Sli Arne Frslie Milica Mjr-Grimsrud 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1980,21(3):428
Five ewes were given a daily dose of 1.4 mg Mo/kg body weight as ammonium molybdate for 21 to 55 days. Plasma molybdenum concentrations increased considerably following the dosage, but no systematic changes were seen in the plasma copper concentrations. About 80 % of the molybdenum present in blood was found in plasma. With gel filtration it was shown that practically all of the molybdenum present in plasma and red cell haemolyzates was found in a fraction with molecular weight less than 1,500. Soluble proteins from liver and kidney cortex were separated into one high molecular weight fraction with molecular weight above 200,000 and a non-protein fraction with molecular weight less than 1,500. Significant correlations were found between the amounts of molybdenum present in the high molecular weight fraction and the molybdenum concentrations in liver and kidney. 相似文献
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AbstractCASE HISTORY: A Jersey herd of 350 cows and 70 heifers located in the Taranaki region of New Zealand ceased milking in June 2011. Ten cows died during the subsequent 14 days. For at least 9 months, the cows had received palm kernel expeller (PKE) and molasses supplements. Additional Cu supplementation was provided through the water system. Total Cu intake was calculated to be 400?mg/day/cow.CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Half of the cows died suddenly while others presented with anorexia, depression and ataxia, which progressed to recumbency and death after 1 to 3 days. Clinical signs were mild dehydration, cyanosis and firm faeces which were covered in dark blood. Mean concentrations of Cu in liver and kidney in three of the dead cows were 3,900 and 440?µmol/kg fresh weight (FW), respectively. Haemorrhages were observed throughout the alimentary tracts and in muscles, and there were ecchymotic haemorrhages on the epi- and endocardia. The livers were swollen and the gall bladder walls were inflamed.DIAGNOSIS: High concentrations of Cu in the liver and kidney are characteristic findings of chronic Cu toxicity.TREATMENT: The remaining herd was fed 200?mg Mo, as sodium molybdate, per cow per day and all Cu supplements were removed including those provided by the water supply. This reduced mean concentrations of Cu in liver from 3,100 to 1,320?µmol/kg FW within 26 days in the five live animals that were biopsied. There were no further deaths.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In dairy herds where excessive Cu intakes have resulted in high liver Cu concentrations and caused chronic Cu toxicity, the removal of all Cu supplements and provision of high intakes of Mo (200?mg/cow/day) can markedly reduce liver Cu stores within 4 weeks. 相似文献