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1.
《中国家禽》2015,(18)
通过对"峪口京红1号"及"峪口京粉1号"B段不同蛋重范围种蛋进行孵化,对比受精率、1~15 d死胚率、16~21 d死胚率、入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋健母雏率等指标,比较两个品种不同蛋重种蛋的孵化效果。种蛋蛋重分51~54.9 g、55~63.9 g、64~67.9 g三组。结果表明,峪口京红1号蛋重在55~63.9 g时,入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋健母雏率高于其他两组(P0.05)。峪口京粉1号蛋重在64~67.9 g时,受精率、16~21 d死胚率显著高于51~54.9组(P0.05),1~15 d死胚率显著高于55~63.9组(P0.05);蛋重在51~54.9 g时,受精蛋健母雏率高于其他两组(P0.05)。 相似文献
2.
蛋重和蛋形指数对拉萨白鸡种蛋孵化效果的研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》2018,39(6):1-1
为研究拉萨白鸡种蛋蛋重和蛋形指数（纵径/横径）对孵化效果的影响,在相同孵化条件下,选用3世代47周龄拉萨白鸡种蛋,按蛋重分组进行孵化,Ⅰ组（≤45.0 g）蛋形指数为（1.27±0.05）,Ⅱ组（45.1-50.0 g）蛋形指数为（1.27±0.05）,Ⅲ组（50.1-55.0 g）蛋形指数为（1.27±0.05）,Ⅳ组（55.1-60.0 g）蛋形指数为（1.28±0.05）,Ⅴ组（〉60.0 g）蛋形指数为（1.31±0.05）。结果表明,种蛋的蛋重越大,其纵径均值、横径均值、蛋形指数均值、受精率、入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋孵化率和雏鸡初生重越大,即Ⅴ组（〉60.0 g）种蛋的蛋重均值、纵径均值、横径均值、蛋形指数均值、受精率、入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋孵化率和雏鸡初生重均最大,分别为（61.03±0.82）g、（58.13±1.68）mm、（44.59±0.79）mm、（1.31±0.05）、98.15%、85.19%、86.79%和（42.48±1.98）g;Ⅱ组（45.1-50.0 g）的健雏率最高,为96.09%;Ⅰ组（≤45.0 g）的雏鸡初生重占入孵蛋重的百分比最大,为（69.91±2.71）%;蛋重与纵径、横径、蛋形指数呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）。因此,蛋重和蛋形指数对拉萨白鸡种蛋的孵化率影响较大,应选择较大种蛋（〉45.0 g）,蛋形指数的范围则较宽,在≥1.27时即可以达到较理想的孵化效果。 相似文献
3.
本试验旨在研究不同水平蛋重与蛋形指数对籽鹅种蛋孵化效果的影响,进而总结出种蛋筛选的最佳方案,为籽鹅个体、家系种蛋的选留及籽鹅的繁衍、孵化、生产提供科学参考。选取二年籽鹅种蛋2 469枚,蛋重为94.8~154.4 g,平均蛋重（123.3±9.5）g;蛋形指数为1.24~1.63,平均蛋形指数1.45±0.05。采用2因素4水平试验设计,将所有种蛋按蛋重与蛋形指数分成16个孵化组（蛋重与蛋形指数分别分为4个水平）,测量每枚种蛋蛋重与蛋形指数,并在蛋壳上做好编号,在相同孵化条件、同一孵化设备中进行两次孵化试验。结果表明,①蛋重<118.0 g组种蛋受精率最高,>131.9 g组次之;>131.9 g组种蛋受精蛋孵化率最高,125.0~131.9 g组次之,且受精蛋孵化率随着蛋重增大升高;125.0~131.9 g组种蛋孵化健雏率最高,>131.9 g组次之;>131.9 g组种蛋孵出鹅雏出生重最大。②蛋形指数在1.47~1.51组种蛋受精率及种蛋孵化健雏率最高,>1.51组次之;1.47~1.51组种蛋受精蛋孵化率最高,1.42~1.46组次之。分析以上结果可得出：籽鹅种蛋蛋重对种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率、健雏率、鹅雏出生重有显著影响（P<0.05）,以籽鹅蛋重在125.0~154.4 g为宜;蛋形指数对种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率、健雏率亦有显著影响（P<0.05）,对种蛋孵出鹅雏出生重无影响（P>0.05）,以蛋形指数在1.47~1.51为宜。籽鹅种蛋蛋重与蛋形指数对受精率、受精蛋孵化率、健雏率、鹅雏出生重的影响均存在交互作用。其中,蛋形指数对种蛋孵化健雏率的影响较蛋重强,其作为单一因素对鹅雏出生重无影响。以上结果表明,以蛋重或蛋形指数任一因素作为种蛋筛选的依据都不科学,应综合考虑以达到种蛋优选的目的。 相似文献
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《畜牧与饲料科学》2017,(12)
为研究蛋形指数(纵径/橫径)对拉萨白鸡种蛋孵化效果的影响,在相同孵化条件下,选用3世代47周龄拉萨白鸡种蛋1342枚,按照蛋形指数由小到大分为4组(Ⅰ~Ⅳ组,蛋形指数均值组间差异极显著)进行孵化,比较各组种蛋在孵化期不同时间点的蛋重、失重、失重率以及孵化成绩和雏鸡初生重。结果表明,种蛋在整个孵化期都处于稳定失重过程,孵化至第11日时,Ⅰ组种蛋的失重和失重率最大,分别为(3.35±1.30)g和(6.64±2.17)%;孵化至第20日时,Ⅱ组种蛋的失重和失重率最大,分为(6.66±1.43)g和(13.30±2.52)%;Ⅰ组种蛋的受精率、入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋孵化率及雏鸡初生重占入孵蛋重的百分比均最高,分别为98.23%、80.53%、81.98%、(69.82±3.55)%;Ⅲ组种蛋的雏鸡初生重最大,为(36.69±4.35)g,显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ组(P0.05)。综上提示,蛋形指数越大,种蛋失重和失重率越小,受精率越低。研究结果为了解拉萨白鸡种质特性,开展拉萨白鸡品种选育和种质资源开发提供了参考。 相似文献
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《新疆畜牧业》2016,(3)
本试验为探讨蛋重和蛋形指数对和田黑鸡种蛋孵化效果的影响,将440枚和田黑鸡种蛋根据蛋形指数和蛋重分布范围各分成4个组,在相同条件下进行孵化,并分析蛋形指数、蛋重与种蛋孵化率、雏鸡初生重的关系。结果表明,按蛋形比较,第2组(0.72~0.76)的种蛋受精率分别比第1(小于0.72)、3(0.77~0.81),和4组(大于0.82)高5.20%、0.18%和2.14%,入孵蛋孵化率分别比第1、3和4组高8.73%、2.53%和6.96%,受精蛋孵化率分别比第1、3和4组高4.05%、2.42%和5.14%;但统计分析结果表明,各组间这3个指标差异均不显著(P0.05);50~60g范围的种蛋平均受精率、入孵蛋孵化率和受精蛋孵化率分别达到了97.64%、92.94%、95.19%,分别比第1组高3.32%、6.58%和3.62%,比第4组高3.52%、10.59%和7.69%;但统计分析结果表明,各组间差异均不显著(P0.05)。种蛋蛋重与雏鸡初生重呈强正相关关系(R_2=0.993),其相关性达到了极显著水平(P0.01)。因此,在和田黑鸡种蛋选择过程中对适宜的蛋重和蛋形指数范围可以适当的放宽。 相似文献
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为了研究蛋形指数对拉萨白鸡种蛋孵化效果的影响,在相同孵化条件下,选用3世代47周龄拉萨白鸡种蛋,按蛋形指数分组进行孵化,并对蛋形指数与孵化效果的相关性进行了分析。结果表明,蛋形指数(横径/纵径)在0.68~0.72时,0胚龄蛋重、纵径均值、头照(第11日胚龄)蛋重、二照(第20日胚龄)蛋重最大,分别为:(51.92±5.27)g、(57.71±1.97)mm、(48.95±4.67)g、(45.47±3.97)g;蛋形指数(横径/纵径)在0.73~0.77时,入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋孵化率和雏鸡的初生重最大,分别为:82.65%、86.60%、(36.31±4.71)g;蛋形指数(横径/纵径)在0.78~0.82时,头照(第11日胚龄)失重、头照(第11日胚龄)失重率、二照(第20日胚龄)失重、二照(第20日胚龄)失重率最大,分别为:(3.35±0.93)g、(6.64±1.54)%、(6.70±1.47)g、(13.47±2.56)%;蛋形指数(横径/纵径)在0.83~0.87时,橫径均值、受精率、健雏率、雏鸡初生重占入孵蛋重的百分比最大,分别为:(42.82±1.23)mm、97.26%、95.96%、(70.23±3.58)%;雏鸡初生重与雏鸡初生重占入孵蛋重的百分比呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。该研究为拉萨白鸡今后的选育提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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从种蛋贮存室里随机称取1000枚乌骨鸡种蛋,根据蛋重不同分为三组,第一组为48．5克以上,第二组为43～48．5克,第三组为43克以下,将这三组蛋进行同批入孵。结果表明第二组种蛋在受精率、早期死胚率、受精蛋孵化率、入孵蛋孵化率、健雏率、死胚率等孵化效果的指标上对其他两组有显著差异。 相似文献
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林宗周 《广东畜牧兽医科技》1988,(2)
以豁眼鹅的种蛋为素材,测定蛋形指数(纵径/横径)分四个组,用电孵机和自制孵化器分别孵化试验,每次试验在外因条件相同、观测不同蛋形指数对孵化效果的影响。结果表明:蛋形指数在1.4—1.5范围(Ⅱ组)孵化率(88.2—88.7)最高,健雏率(97.8—100%)最好。其次为1.51—1.6范围(Ⅲ组)。蛋形指数1.39(Ⅰ组)和1.61(Ⅳ组)之外种蛋明显影响胫胎正常发育,死胚率增高,健雏率降低。不同蛋形指数的鹅蛋对孵化率的影响,其图形近似钟形正态分布。孵化期有随蛋形指数由低至高推迟趋势。蛋形指数与入孵蛋重似无规律可循,初生重随入孵蛋重增高而提高,呈强正相关,但初生重占入孵蛋重都在60—67%之间(P>0.05)。不同蛋形指数种蛋在孵化过程中各阶段胚蛋减重百分率似不尽相一致,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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雪山鸡种蛋重量对孵化效果影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选用26周龄的雪山鸡所产的种蛋分别按不同重量分组入孵后,分析种蛋重量对孵化效果的影响.结果表明:种蛋重量在41.1～57.0 g之间的孵化效果较好,蛋重在37.1～41.0 g之间的受精率、活胚率、入孵蛋孵化率、活胚蛋孵化率和健雏率均显著低于其它各组(P＜0.01).至18日胚龄时,种蛋重量在41.1～57.0 g之间的相对失重较其他各试验组低.相对失重越低,入孵蛋孵化率越高.因此在生产中,应该采用重量适合的种蛋进行孵化. 相似文献
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受精蛋和无精蛋、死胚及正常发育胚的种蛋品质差异研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过对3批共1 626个海兰褐父母代种蛋进行试验,分析受精蛋和无精蛋、死胚及正常发育胚的种蛋品质差异,探讨种蛋品质对种蛋失重、死亡规律及孵化率的影响.结果表明:①在孵化期间出现2个死亡高峰时段,即第0～7天和第14～21天.②孵化期间第0～7天失重率与蛋壳的大、小端气孔数呈正相关;3个阶段的种蛋失重率相互之间有极显著的正相关,且出壳重与失重率有极显著的负相关.③孵化第0～7天死胚的种蛋(死精蛋)壳厚显著低于正常发育胚蛋,蛋壳两端气孔数少于正常发育胚蛋.④孵化第8～21天死胚种蛋蛋重显著高于群体平均蛋重,两端气孔数均多于正常发育胚蛋,蛋形指数小于正常发育胚蛋.⑤雏鸡出壳重与入孵蛋重有极显著正相关,与气孔数、蛋形指数、壳厚均无相关性.⑥受精蛋与无精蛋相比,入孵蛋重略大于无精蛋,壳厚显著地小于无精蛋,大、小端气孔数分别显著或不显著地多于无精蛋. 相似文献
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T. C. Carter 《British poultry science》1968,9(3):265-271
One hundred eggs were used, from hens of seven widely differing strains: two commercial brown‐egg hybrids (one British, one American), two commercial white‐egg hybrids (one British, one Canadian), one broiler strain, one highly inbred strain of laboratory White Leghorns and one laboratory strain of Brown Leghorns. The volume occupied by the shell of each egg was estimated from its surface area—itself estimated by means of a three‐parameter model (Carter, 1968)— and its mean thickness, measured with an anvil micrometer. The volume occupied by the egg contents was estimated by subtracting the shell volume from the egg volume, which was also estimated by means of the three‐parameter model. Mean overall shell density (counting as “shell” all mineral matter and spaces between the outer surface of the mineral shell and a surface through the tips of the mammillae) was estimated, by regressing shell weight on shell volume, to be 2.241 ±0.004 g./cm.3; covariance analysis showed that the strains were homogeneous in this respect. Mean incremental shell density (i.e. the density of shell distal to the mammillary region) was estimated, by regressing shell weight per unit surface area on shell thickness, to be 2.386±0.004 g./cm.3; the strains were homogeneous in this respect too. The mean depth of the intermammillary spaces was estimated to be 19.9 μ. All the residual deviation from the common regression line can be attributed to measurement error. The estimated density of incremental shell is lower than that of calcite; the packing fraction of the crystals in the shell aggregate and/or the atoms in the crystals was estimated to be 92.8 per cent. The density of the egg contents (at the temperature of the bird) was estimated by regressing weight of contents on volume of contents; covariance analysis revealed significant differences between strains, one of the brown‐egg hybrids having the highest density of egg contents, 1.045 g/cm.3, and the laboratory Brown Leghorns the lowest, 1.033; both commercial white‐egg hybrid strains gave a value of 1.040 g./cm.3. 相似文献
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A method is described for the estimation of mean egg weight from data giving the proportions of eggs in different weight grades. Tables are presented in which mean egg weights have been calculated for a range of grading figures, using both the British Egg Marketing Board and the European Economic Community grading systems. 相似文献
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T. C. Carter 《British poultry science》1977,18(3):309-313
1. More than 9000 eggs, each laid by a known hen, were examined and malformations of six types recorded: double‐yolked, A, B, rough, shell‐less and thin‐shelled.
2. A and B malformations are those seen in, respectively, an egg that is held in the shell gland for an abnormally long period and one that reaches the shell gland while an A‐egg is still there; many of the eggs recorded as rough‐shelled were probably A‐eggs for which the corresponding B‐eggs had been lost.
3. The birds were of three strains: a medium‐body‐weight brown‐egg‐laying strain and a White Leghorn strain, both of commercial origin, and a laboratory strain of Brown Leghorns.
4. The incidences of egg malformation in the three strains were 8.3, 9.2 and 0.5%.
5. A‐, B‐ and rough‐shelled eggs constituted more than two‐thirds of all malformed eggs.
6. Evidence from two generations suggests that these malformations have a high heritability. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究芽孢杆菌制剂对"京粉一号"蛋鸡蛋品质及蛋营养成分的影响。选择健康、产蛋均匀的259日龄的"京粉一号"蛋鸡3 600只,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复300只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加3%的芽孢杆菌制剂,进行为期40 d的试验。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组蛋壳硬度、哈夫单位以及蛋黄颜色均有不同程度地提高(P>0.05);在反映蛋的物理指标上,试验组蛋黄重和蛋黄相对重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),蛋清相对重显著低于对照组(P<0.05),蛋黄蛋白比有升高的趋势(P>0.05);同时,试验组蛋黄中脂肪和水分含量显著降低(P<0.05),蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05)。试验表明:在蛋鸡日粮中添加芽孢杆菌制剂,对蛋品质具有一定的改善作用;可显著提高蛋黄重、蛋黄相对重,降低蛋清相对重。同时,可减少蛋黄中脂肪和水分含量,增加蛋白的含量。 相似文献
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《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2012,32(5)
PROAN公司是一家综合型现代化禽蛋生产商和动物蛋白食品供应公司.
Prote í na动物有限公司(Prote i na Animal SA de CV)饲养了2 520万羽蛋鸡,是全球第二大、墨西哥和拉丁美洲第一大禽蛋生产商.该公司以首写字母缩写PROAN或“San Juan”蛋而被人们熟知.“San Juan”蛋以公司总部所在地圣胡安-德洛斯拉戈斯(San Juan de los Lagos)的名称命名,它地处墨西哥哈利斯科州(State of Jalisco)的洛斯阿尔托斯地区(Los Altos). 相似文献
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1. Data from published trials with laying hens were examined to see whether the concentration of dietary protein needed to achieve maximum egg weight was greater than the amount needed to achieve maximum rate of lay. 2. It is concluded that both rate of lay and egg weight continue to show small responses up to the same level of protein (or limiting amino acid) input. 3. When predicting egg output using asymptotic models, a reasonable assumption is that small increments in dietary protein, close to the optimum, will evoke equal proportional responses in egg size and in rate of lay. 4. When protein supply is severely limiting, the major response is a reduction in rate of lay. Egg weight seldom falls below 0.90 of its maximum value, however inadequate the protein intake may be. 相似文献