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1.
李蒙  李铮  李欣  杜曼婷  宋璇  张德权 《中国农业科学》2017,50(22):4382-4388
【目的】肌红蛋白是影响肉色最主要的色素物质,主要存在于肌浆中,其绝对含量和3种肌红蛋白(氧合肌红蛋白、脱氧肌红蛋白、高铁肌红蛋白)间的相对含量决定了肉色。已有研究表明蛋白质的磷酸化可能会通过对糖酵解代谢途径以及肌红蛋白的调控进而负向调控肉色的稳定性,本研究旨在探究磷酸化对肌红蛋白稳定性的影响,进而为通过调控磷酸化水平提高肉色稳定性提供理论依据。【方法】用连二亚硫酸钠还原骨骼肌肌红蛋白纯品,再经超滤除去连二亚硫酸钠。随后采用碱性磷酸酶(AP)体外孵育催化肌红蛋白的去磷酸化反应,采用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳和Pro-Q与Ruby染色的方法测定肌红蛋白磷酸化水平的变化,测定孵育体系pH的变化,紫外分光光度计测定孵育过程中3种肌红蛋白相对含量的变化,圆二色谱测定孵育过程中肌红蛋白的二级结构变化。【结果】磷酸化水平的测定结果表明,碱性磷酸酶处理组(去磷酸化处理)中肌红蛋白的磷酸化水平在孵育6 h时显著低于对照组(P0.05),表明碱性磷酸酶可以在体外孵育过程中催化肌红蛋白发生去磷酸化反应,降低肌红蛋白的磷酸化水平。3种肌红蛋白相对含量的测定结果表明,从孵育2 h起,碱性磷酸酶处理组中氧合肌红蛋白的相对含量显著高于对照组,高铁肌红蛋白的相对含量显著低于对照组。即与对照组相比,碱性磷酸酶处理组中肌红蛋白的自动氧化速率低,氧化还原稳定性高(P0.05)。pH的测定结果表明,碱性磷酸酶处理组和对照组孵育体系的pH差异不显著(P0.05),即添加碱性磷酸酶进行孵育没有改变孵育体系的pH。二级结构的测定结果表明,肌红蛋白的二级结构以α-螺旋为主。从孵育0 min到6 h,碱性磷酸酶处理组中肌红蛋白的α-螺旋和β-折叠的含量基本不变,而对照中肌红蛋白的α-螺旋含量增加,β-折叠的含量减少,表明碱性磷酸酶处理组中肌红蛋白二级结构的稳定性高于对照组。【结论】肌红蛋白发生磷酸化修饰后,可能会通过改变肌红蛋白的二级结构,降低肌红蛋白二级结构的稳定性,增加肌红蛋白的自动氧化速率,进而加速高铁肌红蛋白的积累,不利于肉色稳定性,这可能是蛋白质磷酸化负向调控肉色稳定性的原因之一。  相似文献   

2.
用LKB水平电泳仪,4.4%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶,对10—11月龄团头鲂(全长14—16cm)的11种组织——白肌、晶体、脑、脾、肾、性腺、心、肝、鳍、红血球及血清的乳酸脱氢酶和苹果酸脱氢酶作电泳,再用LKB激光光密度计对同工酶的迁移率及活性作定性定量分析。在不同组织中,同工酶的迁移率和活性有明显的组织特异性。  相似文献   

3.
A specially designed solid-state deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance probe was used to examine the effect of uniaxial elongation on the chain mobility in the amorphous region of semicrystalline nylon 6. In measurements conducted near the glass transition temperature, there was measurable deformation-induced enhancement of the mobility of the amorphous chains up to the yield point. This enhanced mobility decayed once deformation was stopped. Enhanced mobility was not observed in deformation at room temperature. The mechanics of deformation can be explained by the Robertson model for glassy polymers near the glass transition temperature, which states that applied stress induces liquid-like behavior in the polymer chains.  相似文献   

4.
Peafowl, like other vertebrates, contain multiple forms of lactate dehydrogenase. The electrophoretic properties of the peafowl isoenzymes are unusual in that the isoenzyme from heart tissue can be either more or less anodic than that of muscle, depending on the pH. This finding focuses attention on the problem of isoenzyme identification. It is suggested that isoenzymes be identified on the basis of properties that are chemically and biologically more significant than electrophoretic mobility.  相似文献   

5.
The use of NMR spectroscopy for the understanding of disease   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can now be used to investigate the biochemical energetics of human tissues and organs noninvasively. The method already has increased our understanding of some muscle diseases, has provided information from muscle metabolism about whole-body functions, control, and hormonal status, has helped in the elucidation of hitherto unrecognized causes of disease, and yielded new ideas about the control of bioenergetics in vivo. Studies on the biochemistry of human brain, liver, heart, and kidney are just beginning. Further investigations of well-selected patients are likely to bring biochemistry and clinical practice closer together.  相似文献   

6.
口虾蛄乳酸脱氢酶同工酶组织特异性的研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
以口虾蛄为材料进行研究,用聚丙烯酰胶凝胶电泳法,对其肌肉、心胜、腹鳃、肝胰腺及眼球5种组织器官进行乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶的研究分析。结果表明:不同组织中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的同工酶谱带存在差异,具有明显的组织特异性。肌肉、腹鳃、肝胰腺和心脏中有2条酶带,眼球中只有1条酶带,心脏中的谱带表达最浓,而腹鳃中的酶带表达最弱。  相似文献   

7.
Liquid water in frozen tissue: study by nuclear magnetic resonance   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to examine the behavior and extent of liquid water in postrigor-frozen tissue of cod at temperatures below 0 degrees C. A liquid-water phase persists in the tissue down to about -70 degrees C; the extent of the phase decreases rapidly between 0 degrees and -10 degrees C and slowly at lower temperatures. That the NMR absorption peak of the liquid water increases in width, with decreasing temperature, suggests loss of mobility or structuring of the phase. A technique for introducing geometrically uniform cores of muscle into the probe of the high-resolution spectrometer permits quantitative determinations of liquid water.  相似文献   

8.
Met-myoglobin isolated from gluteal muscle of cases with Duchenne type of progressive muscular dystrophy showed an abnormal ultraviolet spectrum. The maximum of the spectrum at pH 7.0 was at 275 mmicro, in contrast to that at 281 m/ A in normal met-myoglobin. Such an abnormality was not found in the limb-girdle type of dystrophy and in progressive spinal muscular atrophy. The results indicate the presence of an abnormal myoglobin in the Duchenne type of progressive muscular dystrophy.  相似文献   

9.
Proton magnetic resonance spectra (220-megahertz field) of an isolated rabbit sciatic nerve in its native state have been observed and assigned to the extracellular water, intracellular water, and phospholipids of the nerve. This study indicates that the nerve fibers contain fluid-like hydrophobic regions, in agreement with the results of recent electron spin resonance spin-labeled studies of excitable membranes of nerve and muscle.  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨胎儿横纹肌瘤的超声诊断方法、技巧及病理特征.方法回顾性分析52例胎儿横纹肌瘤的病例资料,分析总结各诊断切面的肿物数目、位置、形态、大小、毗邻、界限、活动度以及形变等特征,分析肿物的病理特征,并总结该病的鉴别诊断.结果 52例病例资料均引产经病理证实为胎儿横纹肌瘤,该病多发常见,可位于各房、室腔,可附着于乳头肌、腱索、室间隔等结构.单发者常位于右心室,部分肿物可对心室及心房的流入道及流出道造成梗阻.肿物大多边界清楚,有包膜,部分边界模糊,与心肌界限不清.肿物大部分无活动度及形变,病理切片中均出现典型的"蜘蛛"细胞改变.结论胎儿超声心动图是诊断胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤的重要手段,是敏感发现、准确定位胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤的可靠方法,在诊断胎儿心脏横纹肌瘤中具有重要意义.  相似文献   

11.
采用常规解剖学方法,测量20头延边黄牛的心室壁厚度、各瓣膜口的周径、心脏外部各径;对延边黄牛心脏的外部形态、位置关系、内部构造、血管分布、肉柱等进行观察.结果表明,延边黄牛心脏的重量为(1.17±0.27)kg,位于胸腔的纵隔内,呈倒置的圆锥状,分为右心房、右心室、左心房、左心室4个腔,外部有心包包被.心脏周径(36.31±3.13)cm,长径(12.71±0.57)cm;心脏的外形可分为心耳,心室,心尖和心底,表面有4条沟(冠状沟,锥旁室间沟,窦下室间沟和中间沟);左心室心内膜光滑、平整,肉柱较右心室内的少;左心室内有2个乳头肌,即前乳头肌和后乳头肌,均发达,为附着型,标本中见右心室内有3个乳头肌,分别为隔后乳头肌、隔前乳头肌和侧壁乳头肌.  相似文献   

12.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,研究了中性条件下[CuL(Cl)](C lO4)与马心肌红蛋白的选择性水解切割反应,L为2-[二(2-氨乙酸)氨基]乙醇.结果表明,[CuL(Cl)](ClO4)对马心肌红蛋白显示出较高的切割选择性和切割效率,且切割效率与浓度、介质条件、温度、温育时间有一定的相关性.  相似文献   

13.
The following pathological changes have been observed in rats given sulfaguanidine or sulfasuxidine in purified diets. 1. A granulocytopenia, leukopenia, hypocellularity of bone marrow and, occasionally, an anemia. 2. Hyalinization, necrosis and calcification of voluntary muscle. 3. Hyaline sclerosis and calcification of blood vessels. 4. A dermatitis which can be prevented or successfully treated with crystalline biotin. We have also observed necrosis of heart muscle, hemorrhage into various organs and subcutaneous tissues, and liver damage.  相似文献   

14.
本试验选用猪、牛和羊的躯干肌肉腰大肌及背最长肌和面部肌肉咬肌为样品,进行肌浆蛋白的电泳分析,测定了系水力、羟脯氨酸、肌红蛋白、脂肪、水分和氮的含量。结果表明:不同部位肌肉组分和系水力差异明显,咬肌肌浆蛋白电泳带与腰大肌和背最长肌差异显著,前者的系水力亦远高于后两者(P<0.01)。咬肌还具有肌红蛋白含量高(猪和牛P<0.01;羊P<0.05),羟脯氨酸、水分含量多(P<0.01)的特征,作者认为肌肉肌浆蛋白与其系水力关系密切,咬肌主要是由红肌纤维组成,此类肌肉具有较好的保水性能。  相似文献   

15.
纪春涛  汪之和 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(10):4244-4246
[目的]为保证金枪鱼的鱼肉品质,建立其工业化生产、运输和储存条件提供理论依据。[方法]分析温度、pH值和盐浓度对金枪鱼肌红蛋白稳定性的影响,研究了不同温度下贮藏的金枪鱼的肌红蛋白含量随贮藏时间的变化情况。[结果]在25℃下,金枪鱼肌红蛋白的特征吸收峰明显。肌红蛋白的稳定性随温度的升高而下降。当温度超过60℃时,肌红蛋白失去其特征吸收峰。在室温下,当pH值由5.8增至8.6时,肌红蛋白的特征吸收峰逐渐增强。肌红蛋白的稳定性在4%NaCl溶液中最好。在不同浓度NaCl的溶液中,肌红蛋白的保存率都随温度的升高而下降。在-80℃条件下贮藏的金枪鱼肌红蛋白含量变化最小,在28 d内仅下降15.34%。[结论]冷藏温度越低,金枪鱼肌红蛋白的保存效果越佳。  相似文献   

16.
Voltage-independent calcium release in heart muscle   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
The Ca2+ that activates contraction in heart muscle is regulated as in skeletal muscle by processes that depend on voltage and intracellular Ca2+ and involve a positive feedback system. How the initial electrical signal is amplified in heart muscle has remained controversial, however. Analogous protein structures from skeletal muscle and heart muscle have been identified physiologically and sequenced; these include the Ca2+ channel of the sarcolemma and the Ca2+ release channel of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Although the parallels found in cardiac and skeletal muscles have provoked valuable experiments in both tissues, separation of the effects of voltage and intracellular Ca2+ on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release in heart muscle has been imperfect. With the use of caged Ca2+ and flash photolysis in voltage-clamped heart myocytes, effects of membrane potential in heart muscle cells on Ca2+ release from intracellular stores have been studied. Unlike the response in skeletal muscle, voltage across the sarcolemma of heart muscle does not affect the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, suggesting that other regulatory processes are needed to control Ca2(+)-induced Ca2+ release.  相似文献   

17.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳法分析了酯酶(EST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)3种同工酶在荷那龙罗非鱼O reochrom is hornorum和莫桑比克罗非鱼O.m ossam bicus肝脏、心脏、肌肉、脑和肾脏5种器官组织中的表达情况。结果表明,两种罗非鱼的这3种同工酶均具有明显的组织特异性。EST在两种罗非鱼的肝脏中表达最强,带型最复杂;EST还有种的特异性,如EST-7和EST-8仅分别存在于莫桑比克罗非鱼的心脏和脑器官中,可作为鉴别两种罗非鱼的标记;两种鱼的EST同工酶还具有多态现象。SOD和LDH在两种罗非鱼的酶谱表型、活性等方面非常相似。SOD在肌肉组织中的酶带条数最多,且多数酶带的表达量较高,而LDH在脑、肾脏中表达丰富。同工酶分析结果反映了两种罗非鱼具有较近的亲缘关系,是种间杂交的基础;同时说明两种罗非鱼含有供选择的等位基因,可用于良种选育。  相似文献   

18.
野交杂种猪NRAMP1基因的定量表达   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用Real time PCR方法对野交杂种猪的NRAMP1基因进行了研究。结果表明,在大脑、肺脏、淋巴结、白细胞和脾脏组织出现强的扩增,在肝脏、回肠、肾脏、肌肉、心脏出现弱的扩增。Real time PCR的结果证实该基因在不同组织中的表达量都有差异,其中在肾脏中表达的最高,在肝脏中表达最低,两者间相差71倍,从高到低依次是脾脏、大脑、肺脏、回肠、肾脏、淋巴结、结肠、心脏、肌肉和肝脏。  相似文献   

19.
用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离水貂LDH同工酶,除了膈肌外,其它五种组织都显示出泳动率明显差别的五个区带。从多次实验结果中求出水貂LDH同工酶相对迁移率。又用高pH系统圆盘电泳分离水貂LDH同工酶,观察到水貂LDH_4和LDH_5可分离出不同数目的亚带。膈肌LDH_5可分离出五条亚带发现各种组织LDH_4和LDH_5出现亚带数不等,具有明显组织特异性。亚带分布不具有A基因突变后所产生规律性的结果,所以认为水貂LDH同工酶亚带的产生可能是亚基翻译后化学修饰的结果。同时做了水貂LDH同工酶热稳定性和尿素抑制作用实验。并提出水貂膈肌LDH_5对尿素抑制作用不敏感性的实验结果。  相似文献   

20.
硫酸铜蓄积对日本蟳体内保护酶系统的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
首先根据急性毒性试验确定了硫酸铜对日本蟳Charybdis japonica的安全浓度为0.50mg/L,然后进行了硫酸铜蓄积对日本蟳体内5种组织保护酶系统的影响试验。结果表明:日本蟳体内的保护酶系统由超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)组成,在所有检测的组织中均未发现过氧化物酶(POD)的存在;各组织中SOD、CAT的酶活性显示出高度的组织特异性,SOD的酶活性依次为:心脏〉鳃和肌肉〉性腺〉肝胰脏,CAT的酶活性依次为:性腺〉肝胰脏〉心脏〉鳃〉肌肉;日本蝠体内的保护酶在硫酸铜作用下发生了相应的变化,药物短时间胁迫能对酶产生一定的刺激作用,而长时间胁迫会抑制酶的活性;不同组织对硫酸铜的敏感性不同,鳃、肝胰脏和性腺对硫酸铜的敏感性大于心脏和肌肉的。  相似文献   

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