共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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高迁移率族核小体结合蛋白(High-mobility group nucleosome-binding proteins,HMGN)几乎存在于所有哺乳动物和多数脊椎动物的细胞核中,属于HMG蛋白家族。HMGN是现在唯一已知的特异性结合在核小体上的非组蛋白,能够改变染色质的结构、增强染色质模板的转录/复制,参与DNA复制/表达、细胞分化、器官发育及基因表达调控等细胞的生命活动。目前,HMGN包括HMGN1、HMGN2、HMGN3、HMGN4和HMGN5。研究显示,HMGN1据其所在位置的不同,有着截然不同的功能。在细胞核内,HMGN1作为一种特殊定位的生物蛋白,与核小体直接结合而调节基因的转录和影响染色质的结构;在细胞外环境,HMGN1通过toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)促进抗原提呈细胞(Antigen-presenting cells,APCs)的活化和补充,从而促进特定抗原免疫应答。警报素(Alarmins)是一种内源性介质,当机体受到危险信号刺激时,它能快速的释放到细胞外,招募并激活APCs增强特异性免疫和非特异性免疫反应。认识HMGN及其作用对其在多方面的应用有重要意义。 相似文献
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The effect of histone gene deletions on chromatin structure in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
As a way of studying nucleosome assembly and maintenance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutants bearing deletions or duplications of the genes encoding histones H2A and H2B were analyzed. Previous genetic analysis had shown that only one of these mutants exhibited dramatic and pleiotropic phenotypes. This mutant was also the only one that contained disrupted chromatin, suggesting that the original phenotypes were attributable to alterations in chromosome structure. The chromatin disruption in the mutant, however, did not extend over the entire genome, but rather was localized to specific regions. Thus, while the arrangement of nucleosomes over the HIS4 and GAL1 genes, the telomeres, and the long terminal repeats (delta sequences) of Ty retrotransposons appeared essentially normal, nucleosomes over the CYH2 and UBI4 genes and the centromere of chromosome III were dramatically disrupted. The observation that the mutant exhibited localized chromatin disruptions implies that the assembly or maintenance of nucleosomes differs over different parts of the yeast genome. 相似文献
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Dorigo B Schalch T Kulangara A Duda S Schroeder RR Richmond TJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5701):1571-1573
Chromatin folding determines the accessibility of DNA constituting eukaryotic genomes and consequently is profoundly important in the mechanisms of nuclear processes such as gene regulation. Nucleosome arrays compact to form a 30-nanometer chromatin fiber of hitherto disputed structure. Two competing classes of models have been proposed in which nucleosomes are either arranged linearly in a one-start higher order helix or zigzag back and forth in a two-start helix. We analyzed compacted nucleosome arrays stabilized by introduction of disulfide cross-links and show that the chromatin fiber comprises two stacks of nucleosomes in accord with the two-start model. 相似文献
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AT-hook是一类新的DNA结合蛋白基序,与其他功能已知的DNA结合基序不同,AT-hook基序具有以精氨酸-甘氨酸-精氨酸-脯氨酸（RGRP）四个残基为中心的特征结构。AT-hook蛋白与DNA的特异结合是通过AT-hook基序的氨基酸残基与双链DNA小沟中富含AT碱基的区域相互作用完成的。AT-hook基序广泛存在于不同物种的DNA结合蛋白中,AT-hook蛋白在染色质结构组装和对目标基因转录活性的调控中起着重要的作用,进而影响生物的生长发育。 相似文献
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A view of interphase chromosomes 总被引：36，自引：0，他引：36
L Manuelidis 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,250(4987):1533-1540
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Barbera AJ Chodaparambil JV Kelley-Clarke B Joukov V Walter JC Luger K Kaye KM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5762):856-861
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) mediates viral genome attachment to mitotic chromosomes. We find that N-terminal LANA docks onto chromosomes by binding nucleosomes through the folded region of histones H2A-H2B. The same LANA residues were required for both H2A-H2B binding and chromosome association. Further, LANA did not bind Xenopus sperm chromatin, which is deficient in H2A-H2B; chromatin binding was rescued after assembly of nucleosomes containing H2A-H2B. We also describe the 2.9-angstrom crystal structure of a nucleosome complexed with the first 23 LANA amino acids. The LANA peptide forms a hairpin that interacts exclusively with an acidic H2A-H2B region that is implicated in the formation of higher order chromatin structure. Our findings present a paradigm for how nucleosomes may serve as binding platforms for viral and cellular proteins and reveal a previously unknown mechanism for KSHV latency. 相似文献
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MT Maurano R Humbert E Rynes RE Thurman E Haugen H Wang AP Reynolds R Sandstrom H Qu J Brody A Shafer F Neri K Lee T Kutyavin S Stehling-Sun AK Johnson TK Canfield E Giste M Diegel D Bates RS Hansen S Neph PJ Sabo S Heimfeld A Raubitschek S Ziegler C Cotsapas N Sotoodehnia I Glass SR Sunyaev R Kaul JA Stamatoyannopoulos 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6099):1190-1195
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[目的]从黑木耳基因组中克隆内源ras启动子,为黑木耳利用基因工程培育优良品种提供启动子元件材料。[方法]利用PCR技术,以黑木耳菌株YBS-3基因组DNA为模版,克隆得到4条ras启动子片段。采用启动子序列分析软件Place、Promoter prediction和TFSEARCH ver1.3对其进行序列结构分析。[结果]4条启动子片段均含有核心启动子序列,除典型的基本作用元件TATA box和CAATbox外,还有许多其他重要作用元件如GATABOX、GCGC BOX和CCAATBOX1等,同时每条片段中均具有至少一个转录起始位点,且检测到HSF、AP-1、GCN4等多个转录因子结合位点。 相似文献
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Genome-wide mapping of in vivo protein-DNA interactions 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
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[目的]从黑木耳（Auricuraliaauricular）基因组中克隆内源Ⅻ启动子，为黑木耳利用基因工程培育优良品种提供启动子元件材料。[方法]利用PCR技术，以黑木耳菌株YBS一3基因组DNA为模版，克隆得到4条／ras启动子片段。采用启动子序列分析软件Place、Promoterprediction和TFSEARCHver．1．3对其进行序列结构分析。[结果]4条启动子片段均含有核心启动子序列，除典型的基本作用元件TATAbox和CAATbox外，还有许多其他重要作用元件如GATABOX、GCGCBOX和CCAATBOXl等，同时每条片段中均至少具有1个转录起始位点，且检测到HSF、AP-1、GCN4等多个转录因子结合位点。[结论]4条目的序列在理论上具有较强的启动子活性功能。 相似文献
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紫外激光交联和染色质免疫沉淀技术(UV laser crosslinking and chromatin immunoprecipitation,UV-X-ChIP)是研究蛋白质与DNA的相互作用及鉴定转录因子靶DNA的一条新途径。该技术结合DNA芯片、Southern杂交及DNA文库的构建可用于研究蛋白质与DNA的相互作用及高通量筛选已知转录因子在全基因组范围内的结合位点,这为转录因子调控网络的绘制奠定基础。笔者对紫外激光交联和染色质免疫沉淀技术及应用作一综述。 相似文献