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1.
为探明大湄公河次区域植被净初级生产力(NPP)时空变化特征,基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)云计算平台,利用MOD17A3HGF NPP时序数据,采用线性趋势分析方法,分析了2001—2019年大湄公河次区域植被NPP的时空变化特征。结果显示:(1)2001—2019年间大湄公河次区域植被NPP总体较高,植被NPP年均值整体上变化趋势不显著,变化波动较大,且与年均温度有显著的负相关性;(2)大湄公河次区域植被NPP年均值具有较明显的空间分异性规律,大体呈中部高,南、西南部略低的状态,与其主要河流流域有着重要的联系;(3)植被NPP变化趋势呈现基本不变、轻微改善的特征,改善区域主要位于中国云南省与广西,轻微退化区域主要位于老挝中部和缅甸北部;(4)GEE云平台解决了本地平台数据下载与存储不便等问题,整个大湄公河次区域植被NPP时空变化的数据处理在10 min内完成,GEE云平台在大范围、长时间尺度的研究中体现出了强大的优势。 相似文献
2.
基于3-PGS模型的中国陆地植被NPP格局 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用光能利用效率模型(3-PGS)估算2003-2007年中国陆地植被NPP,并分析不同气候类型和植被类型的时空分布特征.结果表明:2003-2007年中国陆地植被NPP年均总量为2.98 PgC,NPP年均值约为315.99gC·m-2a-1;中国陆地植被NPP的主要分布特点为沿水热梯度从东向西、从南向北递减,以海南中南部的热带林最高,而高原气候区最低;全国植被NPP季节变化明显,不同气候区植被NPP均在7或8月达到峰值,12月或1月降至全年最低. 相似文献
3.
1981～2000年中国陆地生态系统NPP时空变化特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用GLO-PEM模型估算了1981~2000年中国陆地生态系统植被净第一性生产力（NPP）。结果表明：1981~2000年中国总NPP呈现增加趋势,从1981年的2.82 PgC/a增加到2000年的3.13 PgC/a,年均增加0.0155PgC/a,20 a间NPP的平均值为2.98 PgC/a,约占全球NPP总量的4.7%~5.0%。NPP积累主要发生在4~10月,春季、夏季、秋季、冬季NPP量分别占全年总量的15.68%,54.54%,25.50%,4.2%。其中夏季NPP增长最快,占全年NPP增长的64.14%。全国NPP年均值从西北向东南方向呈逐步增加趋势,不同植被类型中,常绿阔叶林年均NPP最高,达745.68 gC/m2,除农业植被外各种植被类型的月均NPP最大值都出现在7月,最小值都出现在1月。经向剖线NPP变化规律不明显。纬向40°N线是南北分界线,往南随着纬度的降低,剖线平均NPP逐渐升高,往北随着纬度的增加,剖线平均NPP逐步变大。纬向剖线NPP均值最高的是20°N线,异质性最高的是30°N线。 相似文献
4.
基于MODIS-NDVI的云南怒江流域植被覆盖时空变化特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以2000—2015年MODIS-NDVI动态数据为基础,辅以小波分析、趋势分析、变异系数、Hurst指数及空间叠加分析等方法,探究怒江流域(云南区段)近16年植被覆盖时空分布,变化特征和演变趋势。结果表明:1)时间上,流域NDVI月际变化整体呈增长态势,月均增长率为0.95%;在年际变化方面,流域植被覆盖呈现增长趋势且存在14年左右的变化周期,增速为0.21/10a;月际和年际增长趋势均通过置信度P0.05的显著性检验。2)空间上,流域高植被覆盖区域(0.6NDVI1)占61.95%,整体较好。受北部高海拔地形以及南部建设用地扩张等因素影响,植被覆盖格局从北至南呈低—高—低的分布特征。2000—2015年间,流域植被覆盖整体处于低态势波动变化,低波动和较低波动变化区域占比合计83.18%,在该波动下约53.25%的区域植被覆盖得到了改善,14.41%,32.34%的区域植被分别呈退化及不变趋势。3)空间可持续性方面,约59.01%的区域植被将延续过去变化趋势,37.98%的区域植被将沿反向发展,同向特征强于反向特征。未来,植被覆盖将向良性、不变方向发展的区域分别占39.36%,26.50%;31.14%的区域植被覆盖将向不利方向发展,主要集中于南部各县(市)中心、外围等城镇建设用地区以及勐波罗河、枯柯河、勐统河等支流沿线区,需引起重视。 相似文献
5.
植被净初级生产力(NPP)是衡量生态系统生产力水平的指标之一,利用生态遥感相结合的手段对其估算具有重要意义。运用改进的CASA模型,基于MODIS植被指数产品、气象数据、土地覆被数据,对云南省2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年、2020年的植被NPP进行估算,采用Moran′s I指数、Getis-Ord Gi*热点分析探讨其空间分布特征,并与我国生态功能保护区进行叠加分析。研究表明：1)云南省近20年植被NPP呈先减少再增加的趋势,平均值为822.98 gc/(m2·a);月度植被NPP夏季达到最高,冬季最低;不同植被类型中,常绿阔叶林的NPP值最高。2)各年份植被NPP空间分布均由南向北减少,全局空间自相关Moran′s I指数均大于0.7,NPP热点区主要位于滇西南边境一带,冷点区位于滇西北、滇中城市化地区。3)植被净初级生产力热点区与生态功能保护区叠加相交于西双版纳生态功能保护区、西南喀斯特生态功能保护区,各年叠加面积占热点区域总面积的23%～26%。可见,云南省近20年NPP呈波动上升趋势,空间分布异质性明显。研究该结果... 相似文献
6.
【目的】大兴安岭森林分布广袤,是我国东北地区重要的林木基地和生态屏障。本研究旨在探讨昼夜不对称增温背景下大兴安岭森林净初级生产力(NPP)的变化及其对气候变化的响应,为当地林业生态管理提供科学依据。【方法】利用MODIS NPP数据及降水、气温数据,应用趋势分析法分析气候和NPP的变化,用相关分析方法分析大兴安岭森林2000—2019年NPP与各气候因子的相关性。【结果】1)2000—2019年大兴安岭森林NPP总体上以6.26 g·C·m-2·a-1的速率显著增加,空间上大多数像元均呈显著增加趋势(P <0.10),仅5.60%的像元呈不显著变化或显著下降的趋势,主要集中在中北部区域;2)大兴安岭森林NPP主要受夏季气候条件的影响,NPP与夏季降水呈显著正相关;夏季最高气温和最低气温对NPP的影响不同,NPP与最高气温呈显著负相关,而与最低气温呈正相关;南部区域对气候的敏感性相较于北部区域更强;3)大兴安岭森林区域夏季降水和最低气温呈显著增加趋势,最高气温呈降低趋势,均有助于促进NPP增加;空间上南部和中部降水变化较为强烈,最低气温变... 相似文献
7.
为揭示西宁市近20年植被覆盖的时空变化规律,为西宁市植被应对气候变化及生态良性发展提供科学指导,选取西宁市2001-2021年植被遥感数据,采用像元二分模型、最大值合成法及Slope趋势分析法等对西宁市植被覆盖变化特征进行分析,探究了研究期内西宁市植被覆盖的时空变化规律。结果表明：(1)在时间变化上,月际植被覆盖度呈现显著上升趋势,月总平均植被覆盖度在0.3412,由0.2963增长到了0.4222,其中7月份植被覆盖度(0.4222)最高,12月份(0.2963)最低。年均植被覆盖度呈现显著上升的趋势,由0.3350增长到0.3532。(2)在空间分布上,西宁市植被覆盖度呈现由西向东、由北向南增加的趋势。低植被覆盖区域呈现减少趋势,其余植被覆盖等级均呈现增加趋势。(3)在变化趋势上,2001-2021年植被覆盖度显著增加区域面积达到了33645.6 km2,占比为30.75%,植被覆盖度显著减少面积为30740.4 km2,占比为28.10%。2001-2021年植被覆盖度总体呈现上升趋势,未来西宁市生态环境建设的重点应该放在低植被覆盖区域... 相似文献
8.
森林生态系统生产力在区域生态发展和气候变化研究中具有重要的现实意义,而植被净初级生产力(NPP)的计算是生态系统生产力研究的重要内容。基于遥感和GIS技术,利用MODIS遥感产品MOD17A3数据和气象数据,研究了2000—2014年间NPP的分布及其与气候因子的关系。采用相关分析的方法分别从空间上与时间上研究森林植被NPP与气候因子的相关关系,探究京津冀地区近15 a NPP时空分布变化规律及其对气候变化的响应规律。从空间分布整体情况来看,气温和降水量均对NPP有正相关影响。从时间相关性来看,NPP与年降水量为正相关关系,NPP随年降水量的增大而增大。并根据所得结论为京津冀地区生态发展提出提高植被生产力的相关建议和对生态现状的改进措施。 相似文献
9.
IBIS模型验证与东北东部森林NPP季节变化模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
IBIS（Integrated Biosphere Simulator）模型是生态系统过程模型,代表着全球碳循环模拟的研究方向。基于2004和2005年帽儿山不同植被类型净初级生产力（NPP）实测数据,修改IBIS模型参数,使其更适合于我国东北东部地区NPP模拟,并从点至面展开区域范围内NPP的模拟。结果如下：IBIS模型能够较好的模拟生长季温度和降水,但对非生长季尤其是初春和冬季温度和降雨（雪）模拟不足,对不同植被类型NPP模拟误差均小于众文献,表明该模型在本区域内的适用性。NPP表现出比较明显的季节变化特征,夏季NPP是全年最高的季节,占全年NPP的53％～70％;NPP最低值出现在冬季,2004年和2005年NPP均以春季变化最剧烈。 相似文献
10.
植被覆盖时空序列特征体现了气候变化和人类活动对植被的影响,基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)和气象数据、国内生产总值(GDP)等数据,采用线性回归分析、Mann-Kendall检验、相关性分析、地理探测器模型等方法,系统分析了1999～2019年秦岭地区NDVI、气候因子、人类活动强度的年际时空变化特征;NDVI与各影响因子的相关性;NDVI变化主要驱动力及各影响因子间的协同性。结果表明：(1)秦岭地区NDVI年际变化逐年递增,温度、降水、相对湿度、风速的年际变化呈上升趋势,日照强度呈下降趋势。NDVI与气候因子在时间序列中变化趋势显著性降低,空间序列中区域化特征明显;(2)人类活动强度指数显著下降,与NDVI呈极显著负相关,秦岭地区人类干预活动逐年递减;(3)秦岭地区NDVI与各影响因子相关性顺序依次为：人类活动指数>风速>日照强度>降水>温度>相对湿度;(4)各影响因子之间存在协同性,温度与降水的协同作用对NDVI影响最大,日照强度与风速的协同作用对NDVI影响最小;(5)长时间序列数据的非平稳性和非线性,以及人类活动对植被覆盖的影响,导致气候因子与NDV... 相似文献
11.
A new methodology for estimating forest NPP based on forest inventory data—A case study of Chinese pine forest 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Accurately estimating forest net primary productivity (NPP) plays an important role in study of global carbon budget. A NPP
model reflecting the synthetic effects of both biotic (forest stand age, A and stem volume, V) and climatic factors (mean
annual actual evapotranspiration, E) was developed for Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) forest by making full use of Forest Inventory Data (FID) and dynamically assessing forest productivity. The NPP of Chinese
pine forest was estimated by using this model and the fourth FID (1989–1993), and the spatial pattern of NPP of Chinese pine
forest was given by Geography Information System (GIS) software. The results indicated that mean NPP value, of Chinese pine
forest was 7.82 t m−2·a−1 and varied at the range of 3.32–11.87 t hm−2·a−1. NPP distribution of Chinese pine forests was significantly different in different regions, higher in the south and lower
in the north of China. In terms of the main distribution regions of Chinese pine, the NPPs of Chinese pine forest in Shanxi
and Shaanxi provinces were in middle level, with an average NPP of 7.4 t hm−2·a−1, that in the southern and the eastern parts (e.g. Shichuang Hunan, Henan, and Liaoning provinces) was higher (over 7.7 t
hm−2·a−1), and that in the northern part and western part (e.g. Neimenggu and Ningxia provinces) was lower (below 5 t hm−2·a−1). This study provides an efficient way for using FID to understand the dynamics of foest NPP and evaluate its effects on
global climate change.
Foundation item: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30028001, 49905005), National Key Basic
Research Specific Foundation (G1999043407); the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSC2-1-07).
Biography: ZHAO Min (1973-), female, Ph. D. in Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
12.
Agroforestry systems based on poplar (Populus deltoides) are becoming popular in eastern and northern parts of India. Therefore studies on the structure and function of the systems
are important. The investigations included allometric equations for above- and belowground tree components, crop and plantation
floor biomass and litter fall estimation at Pusa, Bihar, India. Biomass, floor litter mass, litter fall and net primary productivity
(NPP) of plantations increased with an increase in age of trees whereas, crop biomass for any specific crop interplanted with
poplar decreased with the age of the plantation. The total plantation biomass increased from 12.08 to 90.59 Mg ha−1 and NPP varied from 5.69 to 27.9 Mg ha−1 year−1. The biomass accumulation ratio ranged from 2.1 to 3.2. Total annual litter fall was in between 1.95 and 10.00 Mg ha−1 year−1, of which 92–94% was contributed by leaf litter. Compartmental models were developed for dry matter distribution in agroforestry
systems involving young (3-year-old) and mature (9-year-old) poplar trees interplanted with various crops, the crops being
grown in two rotations maize (Zea mays) – wheat (Triticum aestivum) – turmeric (Curcuma domestica) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) – turmeric. This study substantiates the potential of Populus deltoides G3 under agroforestry combinations. 相似文献
13.
Terrestrial carbon cycle and the global atmospheric CO2 budget are important foci in global climate change research. Simulating net primary productivity (NPP) of terrestrial ecosystems is important for carbon cycle research. In this study, a plant-atmosphere-soil continuum nitrogen (N) cycling model was developed and incorporated into the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) model. With the established database (leaf area index, land cover, daily meteorology data, vegetation and soil) at a 1 km resolution, daily maps of NPP for Lantsang valley in 2007 were produced, and the spatial-temporal patterns of NPP and mechanisms of its responses to soil N level were further explored. The total NPP and mean NPP of Lantsang valley in 2007 were 66.5 Tg C and 416 g?m-2?a-1 C, respectively. In addition, statistical analysis of NPP of different land cover types was conducted and investigated. Compared with BEPS model (without considering nitrogen effect), it was inferred that the plant carbon fixing for the upstream of Lantsang valley was also limited by soil available nitrogen besides temperature and precipitation. However, nitrogen has no evident limitation to NPP accumulation of broadleaf forest, which mainly distributed in the downstream of Lantsang valley. 相似文献
14.
15.
A study was conducted to determine the fitting soil moisture for the normal growth of two-year-old W. sinensis （Sims） Sweets by using gas exchange technique. Remarkable threshold values of net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, transpiration rate （Tr） and water use efficiency （WUE） were observed in the W. sinensis leaves treated by various soil moisture and photosynthetic available radiation （PAR）. The fitting soil moisture for maintaining a high level of Pn and WUE was in range of 15.3%-26.5% of volumetric water content （VWC）, of which the optimal VWC was 23.3%. Under the condition of fitting soil moisture, the light saturation point of leaves occurred at above 800μmol.m^2.s^-1, whereas under the condition of water deficiency （VWC, 11.9% and 8.2%） or oversaturation （VWC, 26.5%）, the light saturation point was below 400μmol.m^-1.s^-1. Moreover, the light response curves suggested that a special point of PAR occurred with the increase in PAR. This special point was considered as the turning point that indicated the functional transition from stomatal limitation to non-stomatal limitation. The turning point was about 600, 1000, 1000 and 400 μmol.m^-2.s^-1, respectively, at VWC of 28.4%, 15.3%, 11.9% and 8.2%. In conclusion, W. sinensis had higher adaptive ability to water stress by regulating itself physiological function. 相似文献
16.
Maren Oelbermann R. Paul Voroney Naresh V. Thevathasan Andrew M. Gordon Donald C. L. Kass Andrea M. Schlönvoigt 《Agroforestry Systems》2006,68(1):27-36
Agroforestry systems can play a major role in the sequestration of carbon (C) because of their higher input of organic material
to the soil compared to sole crop agroecosystems. This study quantified C input in a 19-year old tropical alley cropping system
with E. poeppigiana (Walp.) O.F Cook in Costa Rica and in a 13-year old hybrid poplar (Populus deltoides × nigra DN-177) alley cropping system in southern Canada. Changes in the level of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool, residue decomposition
rate, residue stabilization efficiency, and the annual rate of accumulation of SOC were also quantified in both systems. Carbon
input from tree prunings in Costa Rica was 401 g C m−2 y−1 compared to 117 g C m−2 y−1 from litterfall at the Canadian site. In southern Canada, crop residue input from maize (Zea mays L.) was 212 g C m−2 y−1, 83 g C m−2 y−1 from soybeans (Glycine max L.) and 125 g C m−2 y−1 for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and was not significantly different (p < 0.05) from the sole crop. The average yearly C input from crop residues in Costa Rica was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the alley crop for maize (134 g C m−2 y−1) and Phaseolus vulgaris L. bean crops (35 g C m−2 y−1) compared to the sole crop. The SOC pool was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the Costa Rican alley crop (9536 g m−2) compared to its respective sole crop (6143 g m−2) to a 20 cm depth, but no such difference was found for the southern Canadian system. Residue stabilization, defined as the
efficiency of the stabilization of added residue (crop residues, tree prunings, litterfall) that is added to the soil C pool,
is more efficient in southern Canada (31%) compared to the alley cropping system in Costa Rica (40%). This coincides with
a lower organic matter decomposition rate (0.03 y−1) to a 20 cm depth in Canada compared to the Costa Rican system (0.06 y−1). However, the average annual accumulation rate of SOC is greater in Costa Rica (179 g m−2 y−1) and is likely related to the greater input of organic material derived from tree prunings, compared to that in southern
Canada (30 g m−2 y−1) to a 20 cm depth. 相似文献
17.
Test samples of Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis) heartwood and Japanese beech (Fagus crenata) sapwood were heated for 22 h at constant temperatures (50°–180°C) under three water content conditions. Raman spectra of
the samples were recorded before and after the heat treatments, and spectral changes in the range from 1000 cm−1 to 1800 cm−1 were evaluated using the difference spectrum method. For both wood species, the Raman band intensity at 1655–1660 cm−1 due mainly to the C=C and C=O groups in lignin clearly decreased with increasing heat-treatment temperature (HTT). The spectral
change was thought to reflect the progress of condensation reactions of lignin molecules during the heat treatment. Moreover,
the decrease in band intensity was considerably facilitated by the presence of water in the cell wall, suggesting that the
condensation is closely related to the softening of lignin. From the spectral changes in the wavenumber region of 1200–1500 cm−1, it was considered that wood constituents are partially decomposed at the higher HTT.
Part of this article was presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Fukuoka, March 2003 相似文献
18.
在孟加拉诺阿卡利地区及相临裸地,对海岸植被(12年和17年生无瓣海桑Sonneratia apetala)进行探索性研究,以便了解海岸造林对土壤特性的影响.在三种不同地带(内陆、中部、海边),在12年生和17年生无瓣海桑林下,土壤深度分别为0-10,10-30和30-40cm,土壤湿度、土壤粒度、有机质、C含量、总N、pH、有效P、K、Na、Ca和Mg含量明显高(p≤0.05,p≤0.01,p≤0.001)于其相临裸地的数据,土壤含盐量明显(p≤0.01)低于其相临裸地的数据.在内陆CharAlim植被,土壤表面的土壤湿度,土壤粒度,有机质,C含量、总N、pH、土壤含盐量、有效P、K、Na、Ca和Mg含量分别为:31.09%、2.24 g·cm-3、2.41%、4.14%、0.58%、7.07、O.09 dS·cm-1、28.06 mg·L-1、O.50 mg·L-1、11.5 mg·L-1、3.30 mg·L-1和2.7 mmol·kg-1;而在相邻的Char Rehania贫瘠地区的相同土壤深度,其相关值分别为:16.69%、1.25g·cm-3、O.43%、0.74%、O.25%、6.57、0.13 dS·cm-1、13.07mg·L-1、O.30mg·L-1、1.4 mg·L-1、O.30 mmol·kG-1和0.50 nag·L-1.然而,在小内陆到海边的植被中,土壤湿度、土壤密度、有机质、C含量、总N、pH、有效P、K、Na和Ca含量逐渐降低,而土壤含盐量、Na和Mg含量却逐渐增加.虽然,在植被与相临裸地的不同土壤深度中土壤质地不同,植被地中砂土份额明显(p≤0.01)低于相临裸地,而粉砂土份额则明显(p≤0.001)高于裸地.在本研究中,所有参数的评价也在为其他地区相关研究得到应用. 相似文献
19.
Annual amounts of litterfall and nitrogen input by litterfall were measured in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest
to examine the contribution of a liana species, Mucuna macrocarpa Wall., to the spatial heterogeneity of litterfall production and nitrogen input. The total litterfall in the study plot was
7.1 t ha−1 year−1. The amount of litterfall varied with topography and was greatest at the valley bottom and decreased toward the ridges. Macuna macrocarpa litterfall was absent on the ridges although it accounted for the largest percentage, 32%, of total leaf litter production
in the valley. Nitrogen input by litterfall was 69 kg ha−1 year−1 in the plot. Nitrogen input by litterfall was also largest at the valley bottom and decreased toward the ridges. Leaf litter
of M. macrocarpa had approximately twice the nitrogen concentration of litterfall of other species. Macuna macrocarpa accounted for 42% of nitrogen input by leaf litter in the valley. The abundance and the high nitrogen concentration of M. macrocarpa intensified differences in the amount of litterfall and nitrogen input by litterfall between valleys and ridges. It was concluded
that a liana species, M. macrocarpa, can contribute to the spatial heterogeneity of litterfall and may subsequently affect nutrient cycling in a subtropical
evergreen broad-leaved forest on Okinawa Island. 相似文献
20.
K. Black T. Bolger P. Davis M. Nieuwenhuis B. Reidy G. Saiz B. Tobin B. Osborne 《European Journal of Forest Research》2007,126(2):167-178
A comparison was made of annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of a closed canopy Sitka spruce forest over 2 years, using
either eddy covariance or inventory techniques. Estimates for annual net uptake of carbon (C) by the forest varied between
7.30 and 11.44 t C ha−1 year−1 using ecological inventory (NEPeco) measures and 7.69–9.44 t C ha−1 year−1 using eddy covariance-based NEP (-NEE) assessments. These differences were not significant due to uncertainties and errors
associated with estimates of biomass increment (15–21%) and heterotrophic respiration (12–19%). Carbon-stock change inventory
(NEPΔC
) values were significantly higher (27–32%), when compared to both NEPeco- and -NEE-based estimates. Additional analyses of the data obtained from this study, together with published data, suggest
that there was a systematic overestimation of NEPΔC
-based assessments due to unaccounted decomposition processes and uncertainties in the estimation of soil-C stock changes.
In contrast, there was no systematic difference between NEPeco and eddy covariance assessments across a wide range of forest types and geographical locations. 相似文献