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1.
Koenen ME Boonstra-Blom AG Jeurissen SH 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,89(1-2):47-56
In commercial poultry husbandry, alternatives for the use of antibiotics and vaccines are under investigation, which preferably have to be applicable for both layer- and broiler-type chickens. There are indications that the defense mechanisms vary between layer- and broiler-type chickens. Therefore, the difference in immune response between layer- and broiler-type chickens of the same age was investigated, using TNP-KLH (trinitrophenyl-conjugated keyhole limpet hemocyanin) as antigen without adjuvant. First different routes of immunization (intravenously, intramuscular, subcutaneous and ocular) were examined to find out which immunization route gives the highest antibody titers. The intravenous immunization route resulted in higher TNP-specific antibody responses than the other immunization routes tested and therefore this immunization route was used in both following experiments. In order to investigate the optimal dose of antigen needed for immunization, a dose-response curve in broiler- and layer-type chickens was completed. The humoral immune response was measured in serum by a TNP-specific ELISA and the in vitro cellular immune response by an antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation assay.The antibody response of layer- and broiler-type chickens appeared to differ, not only in optimal dose and response, but also in kinetics of the response itself. Broiler chickens generated higher IgM anti-TNP titers whereas layer-type chickens generated higher IgG anti-TNP titers. This specific antibody response in broiler-type chickens did not last as long as in layer-type chickens. The TNP-specific cellular immune response was detectable in layer-type chickens, but not in broilers. Both types generate a non-specific cellular immune response, although this response in broilers is lower than in layer-type chickens.From these results, we conclude that broilers primarily respond to TNP-KLH with a high IgM antibody response whereas layer-type chickens respond with a high IgG response. In addition, the cellular response of layer-type chickens is much higher than the response of broilers. The results suggest that broilers are specialized in the production of a strong short-term humoral response and layer-type chickens in a long-term humoral response in combination with a strong cellular response, which is in conformity with their life expectancy. 相似文献
2.
An equation obtained from linear-regression analysis of positive/negative ratios and log of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) titers of coccidia-immune serum samples was used to accurately predict the antibody titers of chickens immunized with a recombinant merozoite surface protein (p150). Chickens immunized twice intramuscularly with the recombinant p150 antigen emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant developed a dose-dependent anti-p150 antibody response 14 days after primary immunization. Serum IgG and IgM and secretory biliary IgA antibodies were detected 2 months after primary immunization. Oral challenge with live Eimeria parasites significantly enhanced both the serum and secretory anti-p150 antibody titers. These results indicate that vaccination of chickens with the p150 recombinant merozoite antigen can induce a parasite-specific host immune response. 相似文献
3.
Serological response of chickens to infection with Salmonella gallinarum-S. pullorum detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The serological response to Salmonella pullorum and S. gallinarum infection in chickens was studied with an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In broiler chickens, a more virulent strain of S. pullorum produced a significantly lower serum IgG titer than did a less virulent strain. In laying hens, the serum and egg-yolk IgG titers were very similar. In chickens infected with S. gallinarum, high IgG titers persisted for 30 weeks. In chickens reinfected with this strain, each reinfection was followed by transitory increases in IgG lasting no longer than 2 weeks. Serum samples from Brazil taken from a laying flock with evidence of fowl typhoid showed much higher antibody levels than did those from three uninfected flocks. Using lipopolysaccharide as the detecting antigen, infections caused by these salmonellae could be differentiated from those caused by other groups. Incorporation of the appropriate flagella antigen in the ELISA allowed differentiation between infections caused by S. pullorum and S. enteritidis. 相似文献
4.
IgG antibody response in chickens immunized with F4 fimbriae extracted from local enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain was studied during a 98-day immunization period for comparing the efficacy of four adjuvants: Freund' adjuvant, Quil A (QA), propolis and extract from Cochinchina momordica seed (ECMS). For this purpose, chickens were immunized with F4 fimbriae alone or combined with one of the above adjuvants on days 1 and 21. IgG antibody levels in serum and egg yolk (by ELISA) were measured on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 70, 84 and 98. The egg production of each group was also determined during days 1-7 and the following four weeks. The results showed that QA could enhance antibody titre, as good or almost as good as Freund's adjuvant, whereas the titres of ECMS and propolis groups were relatively lower, with the overall order: Freund's adjuvant>QA>ECMS>propolis both in serum and egg yolk. However, the significant decrease of egg production was merely observed in the Freund's adjuvant group. It is concluded that the four adjuvants tested can stimulate immune response to F4 fimbriae in chickens, with Freund's adjuvant giving the best results, followed by QA. 相似文献
5.
Cholera toxin (CT) is a well-known mucosal adjuvant in mammals, but it does not give conclusive results in chickens. Cells from the chicken immune system may be insensitive to CT activity. Our results showed that intravenously administered CT had strong immunomodulatory effects on chicken antigen-specific T- and B-cell immune responses. Seven and eight days post-inoculation (p.i.), chickens immunized with KLH and CT exhibited a faster and higher specific proliferative response in the spleen after in vitro restimulation than chickens immunized with KLH alone. At the same time, the specific antibody response in serum was significantly higher, with a strong IgG enhancement and a peak of IgA in chickens immunized with KLH and CT. The anti-KLH splenic antibody response in vitro involved a significant increase in specific IgG and IgA isotypes when CT was used as adjuvant. In conclusion, as in mammals, systemic CT demonstrated strong adjuvant properties in chickens enhancing T-cell priming in vivo and, thus, leading to increased specific antibody production, including IgA. 相似文献
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7.
Ito A Gotanda T Kobayashi S Kume K Sugimoto C Matsumura T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(2):211-213
In this study, we examined oral administration with recombinant R7 (rR7) antigen expressed in Escherichia coli using chicken leucocytozoonosis subunit vaccine (LV)-vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens. Only LV-vaccinated chickens showed re-induction of anti-second-generation schizont (2GS) antibody. Also, LV-vaccinated chickens whose anti-2GS antibody titer was middle-level showed increases of the antibody titer compared to vaccinated-control chickens (P>0.01, >0.05) after oral administration with rR7 antigen. 相似文献
8.
本研究旨在筛选最佳的复合佐剂和口服疫苗诱饵组方,并将筛选出的复合佐剂口服免疫试验小鼠,检测免疫小鼠血清IgG和肠道IgA抗体效价。采用牛肉粉、鸡肉粉、鱼肉粉、奶粉、血粉为主要原料,以细菌脂多糖、氢氧化锌、枸杞多糖、甘露低聚糖为疫苗免疫佐剂,通过正交试验方法将复合免疫佐剂和口服疫苗诱饵与狂犬病SRV9病毒混匀后口服免疫试验小鼠,并对免疫动物血清IgG抗体效价进行检测。优化的复合佐剂组方是细菌脂多糖100 μg、氢氧化锌0.8 mg、枸杞多糖50 mg、甘露低聚糖10 mg,免疫小鼠血清IgG抗体含量为3.24 mg/L,肠道IgA抗体含量为1.56 ng/mL;在疫苗诱饵的投喂试验中,狼、狐狸、犬、猫对鱼肉味诱饵的采食率最高,其次是血味和奶味诱饵;诱饵与狂犬病SRV9病毒混匀后口服免疫小鼠28 d后,血清IgG平均值为1.20 U/L。本试验筛选出口服疫苗复合免疫佐剂,经筛选制备的鱼肉味诱饵具备高采食性,适合野生食肉类动物口服疫苗的制备。可增加狂犬病SRV9病毒的免疫效应,为进一步研发重组减毒狂犬病口服疫苗提供了必要的技术支撑。 相似文献
9.
禽巴氏杆菌荚膜多糖-蛋白载体抗原的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
用EDC法和CNBr法分别交联禽巴氏杆菌荚膜多糖(CPS)与破伤风类毒素(TT),经Sephadex-G150柱层析和薄层层析鉴定表明;两种方法均获得一种大分子的CPS-TT结合物,该结合物免疫鸡的血清经二巯基乙醇(2-ME)处理后用间接血凝试验(IHA)检测出较高滴度的IgG抗体和一定量的IgM抗体,抗体消长情况监测结果;IgG抗体的峰值(4.88)在免疫后第21天,其后缓慢下降,持续至第24周左右。IgM抗体的峰值(4.26)在第14天,其后陡降,至第8周降至阴性血清水平,与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)。第8周和第24周时测出较强的二次反应和回忆反应。重复试验测出的IgG、IgM抗体滴度与本试验结果相近,第4周时攻毒保护率分别为100％和75％,且IgG抗体滴度与攻毒保护率的相关性较好,1:16以上可获得全保护。试验结果表明交联方法稳定,重复性较好,制备的CPS-TT载体抗原实现了CPS由Ti抗原向Td抗原的转换。为研究一种新型的禽霍乱载体菌苗提供了理论依据和实验手段。 相似文献
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11.
Ameiss KA El Attrache J Barri A McElroy AP Caldwell DJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,110(3-4):257-267
Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODNs) have been reported to be effective mucosal adjuvants in mice when given orally. Studies on their effectiveness in chickens are currently very limited. This study investigated whether CpG-ODNs could adjuvant the immune response to BSA when given orally to a commercial line of SCWL chickens. In two experiments, performed over time, chickens were given selected concentrations of CpG-ODNs with BSA followed by 6 consecutive days of ad libitum access to drinking water containing 1.4 mg/ml BSA. Serum responses, and in some cases intestinal specific antibodies, were measured out to 33 days post-immunization. Birds receiving a single dose of CpG-ODN had consistently higher IgG, IgM, and IgA titers in the serum, dependent upon dose, and in specific areas of the intestine when compared to the non-immunized and BSA only groups. These findings suggest that a single oral CpG-ODN administration can accelerate the kinetics of antigen specific antibodies of all three isotypes in commercial-strain chickens immunized via the drinking water using common protein antigen. 相似文献
12.
以菌体表面表达猪水肿病毒素保护性抗原(SLT-ⅡeB)的重组大肠杆菌(PZBSPAX),对1日龄、15日龄仔猪口服免疫,用ELISA法对口服免疫后10 d、15 d、30 d仔猪肠黏液中特异性SIgA和血清中特异性IgA、IgG进行检测,结果显示口服免疫猪能产生较高水平的肠黏液特异性SIgA及血清特异性IgA和IgG,证明该重组菌能有效激发肠道黏膜免疫反应,同时也能激发全身性体液免疫反应. 相似文献
13.
Buyse J Swennen Q Vandemaele F Klasing KC Niewold TA Baumgartner M Goddeeris BM 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(4):512-519
Dietary addition of the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) promotes growth in various species. In addition, HMB is described to enhance immune responses which might be associated with metabolic costs. We elaborated further on the role of HMB in growth, metabolism and immunity of meat-type chickens using the following parameters: zootechnical performance, blood chemistry and a specific immune responses after immunization with a human serum albumin (HSA)/Freund’s (in) complete adjuvant combination. The chickens received commercial feeds either unsupplemented or supplemented with 300 mg HMB/kg feed. β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate-supplemented chickens were significantly heavier at 2 weeks of age but this difference was attenuated at later ages. Compared with their unsupplemented controls, cumulative feed conversion was significantly lower in HMB-supplemented chickens. There were no differences in blood chemistry between both dietary treatments. After immunization, HMB significantly attenuated the acute phase protein response at day 1 of post-immunization compared with that of their unsupplemented counterparts. After day 7 post-immunization, body weight gain of the immuno-challenged HMB-supplemented chickens was significantly depressed, but their specific anti-HSA IgG response was significantly enhanced compared with that of their immuno-challenged unsupplemented counterparts. The underlying mechanisms and signalling pathways for these phenomena need to be elucidated. Nevertheless, we are able to conclude that HMB is beneficial for performance under normal circumstances. On the other hand, HMB stimulates the immune response after an immunological challenge, though at the cost of reduced growth. 相似文献
14.
为了探究重链抗体在骆驼免疫保护中的生物学作用,本研究利用Protein G和Protein A亲和层析纯化新疆双峰驼血清中总IgG和重链抗体IgG2,并免疫昆明小白鼠制备抗双峰驼总IgG和抗双峰驼重链抗体IgG2的多抗血清;通过ELISA检测双峰驼在体液免疫应答过程中针对spaA-N、溶菌酶和蒜氨酸酶3种抗原的重链抗体的滴度变化。结果从新疆双峰驼血清中亲和层析纯化出天然重链抗体IgG2,蛋白质分子质量约为46 ku;免疫昆明小白鼠后获得抗双峰驼总IgG多抗血清的效价为1∶204800,抗双峰驼重链抗体IgG2多抗血清的效价为1∶6400。在spaA-N免疫骆驼诱导的体液免疫应答过程中,重链抗体IgG2出现延迟反应。3种蛋白均能诱导抗原特异的IgG2亚类重链抗体的产生。 相似文献
15.
V.E. Berezin A.P. Bogoyavlenskyi S.S. Khudiakova P.G. Alexuk E.S. Omirtaeva I.A. Zaitceva G.B. Tustikbaeva R.C. Barfield R.H. Fetterer 《Veterinary parasitology》2010
Immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) are unique multimolecular structures formed by encapsulating antigens, lipids and triterpene saponins and are one of the most successful antigen delivery systems for microbial antigens. In the current study, both the route of administration and the antigen concentration of ISCOMs, containing Eimeria tenella antigens and saponins from native plants, were evaluated in their ability to stimulate humoral immunity and to protect chickens against a challenge infection with E. tenella. Broiler chickens were immunized with ISCOM preparations containing E. tenella antigens and the purified saponins Gg6, Ah6 and Gp7 isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra, Aesculus hippocastanum and Gipsophila paniculata, respectively. The effects of the route of administration, dose of antigen and type of saponin used for construction of ISCOMs were evaluated for ability to stimulate serum IgG and IgM and to protect chickens against a homologous challenge. A single intranasal immunization was the most effective route for administering ISCOMs although the in ovo route was also quite effective. Dose titration experiments demonstrated efficacy after single immunization with various ISCOM doses but maximum effects were observed when ISCOMs contain 5–10 μg antigen. Immunization of birds by any of the three routes with E. tenella antigens alone or antigens mixed with alum hydroxide adjuvant resulted in lower serum antibody and reduced protection to challenge relative to immunization with ISCOMs. Overall the results of this study confirm that significant immunostimulation and protection to challenge are achieved by immunization of chickens with ISCOMs containing purified saponins and native E. tenella antigens and suggest that ISCOMs may be successfully used to develop a safe and effective vaccine for prevention of avian coccidiosis. 相似文献
16.
F Le&#x;nik D Chudý O.J Vrtiak V Konrad M Danihel P Raga
M Pol
ek 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1980,3(4):491-500
Additional immunization trials were performed to study the immunogenicity of the purified skin antigen of Marek's disease virus which was inoculated, together with Freud's complete adjuvant, into one-day-old chicks. As compared to non-vaccinated chickens and also to chickens vaccinated by herpesvirus turkey (which reduced the mortality by 45.54%) the purified skin antigen reduced the mortality by 69.50%.
In the case of immunization with protein extract from the lymphoblastoid cell line of Marek's disease lymphomes mixed with natural dsRNA showed 38.99% reduction of mortality. DEAE-dextran which had exerted an adjuvant effect in our previous report did not by itself reduce mortality caused by Marek's disease.
Groups of chickens vaccinated with the turkey herpesvirus with protein extract mixed with dsRNA, and a group of chickens inoculated with 0.04 g.ml−1 DEAE-dextran, had a higher whole complement activity in pooled serum from 107 days after challenge than chickens free of Marek's disease. 相似文献
17.
为探究不同类型CpG基序对细粒棘球蚴（Echinococus granulosus）Eg95抗原的免疫增强作用,将pET-32a-3Eg95重组大肠杆菌,经IPTG诱导表达,亲和层析纯化重组蛋白pET-32a-3Eg95。将重组蛋白分别与常规佐剂Quli-A、pUC18-CpG和CpG ODN混合制备基因工程亚单位疫苗样品,免疫小鼠。通过间接ELISA方法检测抗体水平,通过实时荧光定量PCR方法测定体外刺激试验后细胞因子的相对表达量,检测不同佐剂在体液免疫和细胞免疫方面对Eg95抗原免疫效果的增强作用。结果显示,诱导表达重组蛋白的大小约为56 ku,与理论值相符,用羊细粒棘球蚴阳性血清检测有特异性条带;pUC18-CpG组和CpG ODN组小鼠免疫后14、28、42 d的抗体平均水平（D450 nm）分别为3.10、3.03、3.22和2.98、3.12、3.27,与Quli-A组抗体平均水平相比均差异显著（P<0.05）;CpG ODN组血清中抗体平均水平略高于pUC18-CpG组,但差异不显著（P>0.05）。重组蛋白刺激后pUC18-CpG组与CpG ODN组IFN-β、IFN-γ和TNF-α的相对表达量分别为6.88、2.35、6.28和5.03、2.85、7.07,与Quli-A组相比差异均显著（P<0.05）。因此相对于常规佐剂Quli-A,pUC18-CpG和CpG ODN在体液免疫和细胞免疫方面对Eg95抗原都有显著的免疫增强作用,CpG ODN的免疫增强作用略优于pUC18-CpG,二者均可作为免疫佐剂,增强现有包虫病基因工程疫苗抗原的免疫效果。 相似文献
18.
感染鸡贫血病毒雏鸡接种新城疫疫苗后免疫功能和免疫调节的变化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
雏鸡1日龄感染鸡贫血病毒，8日龄接种Lasota疫苗，以未感染免疫雏鸡为对照，于免疫后7、14、28d检测血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA,在凝抑制抗体（HI）滴度；胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏T细胞、IgG^ 、IgM^ 、IgA^ ,抗体生成细胞数量及T、B细胞增殖反应；胸腺、脾脏细胞因子IL－2、IFN活性的变化。结果发现，感染CAV雏鸡Lasota疫苗免疫后，其血清IgG、IgM、IgA免疫球蛋白含量明显减少，HI抗体滴度降低；胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏T细胞、抗体生成细胞数量降低及T、B细胞增殖反应减弱，胸腺、脾脏IL－2及TNF诱生活性降低，表明其细胞免疫和体流免疫功能以及细胞因子免疫调节作用均未感染免疫雏鸡明显减弱。 相似文献
19.
I Kühlmann-Rabens R Wanke F Storandt B Altmann U L?sch M Merkenschlager 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1987,14(2):123-143
The extreme decreased levels of IgG in dysgammaglobulinemic UM-B19 chickens are linked with decreased antibody activity. Antibody activity to T-dependent (although diminished) and T-independent antigens is present but is restricted to IgM and IgA antibodies. Complete Freund's adjuvant enhances the existing isotype pattern of serum immunoglobulins and antibodies. The antibody response to a "T-independent" antigen (B. abortus) is greatly increased by CFA in dysgammaglobulinemic chickens. Beside the appearance of high levels of IgG in dysgammaglobulinemic chickens during the first weeks of life and in transitory dysgammaglobulinemia, remarkable IgG synthesis can be temporarily induced by the mitogenic activity of LPS and even more by the regulatory function of Levamisole. Furthermore, LPS and Levamisole induce IgG antibody synthesis to concomitantly administered antigen, the IgG antibodies appearing within the normal time. Contrary to a missing feedback inhibition from total IgG to IgM serum immunoglobulins, a feedback inhibition from IgG to IgM antibodies is found. No correlation can be found between Levamisole-induced IgG immunoglobulin concentrations, and IgG antibodies. Germfree rearing for one week or longer prevents the dysgammaglobulinemic defect. The following conclusions are drawn: Early antigenic stimulation seems to be the inducing factor for dysgammaglobulinemia in UM-B19 chickens. A BG cell pool is still present in adult dysgammaglobulinemic chickens. This BG cell pool is probably diminished to a varying extent. T cell helper functions seem to be present (albeit they may be disturbed) and can be stimulated. IgG specific T cell suppression is probable. From these conclusions the etiology of the dysgammaglobulinemia in UM-B19 chickens is hypothesized to be primarily due to delayed bursal development: Immature BG cells are eliminated by environmental antigens during the neonatal period in a process similar to tolerance induction. This event, in turn, induces suppressor mechanism(s) or disturbance in helper mechanism(s). 相似文献
20.
DONG Rui-kai GUO Xiao-yu YUAN Wei-feng JIA Hong XIN Ting HOU Shao-hua ZHU Hong-fei 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(10):2716-2723
To study the immune enhancement activity of CpG motifs on the recombinant Eg95 antigen of Echinococcus granulosus,Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) containing pET-32a-3Eg95 was grown in LB medium,and IPTG was then added for induction.The recombinant Eg95 protein was expressed and later harvested by affinity chromatography.The obtained antigen was mixed either with the conventional adjuvant Quli-A or with different types of CpG motifs (pUC18-CpG or CpG ODN),to prepare vaccine candidates for mice immunization.The average levels of serum IgG antibody were tested by indirect ELISA and the quantification of cytokine expression were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR after in vitro stimulation.The results identified that the size of the recombinant protein was 56 ku as predicted,and the recombinant protein could be recognized by serum from Echinococcus granulosus-infected sheep.The average levels of serum IgG antibody (D450 nm) of the pUC18-CpG and CpG ODN groups on 14,28 and 42 d were 3.10,3.03,3.22 and 2.98,3.12, 3.27,respectively.Antibody levels from both CpG groups were significantly higher compared to the conventional adjuvant Quli-A group (P<0.05) The average level of serum IgG antibody in CpG ODN group was a little higher than that in pUC18-CpG group(P>0.05).After stimulation by recombinant protein 3Eg95,the relative expression levels of IFN-β,IFN-γ and TNF-α of pUC18-CpG and CpG ODN groups were 6.88,2.35,6.28 and 5.03,2.85,7.07,respectively,and both were higher than that of the Quli-A group (P<0.05).The results indicated that pUC18-CpG and CpG ODN had significant immune enhancement property on Eg95 antigen in both humoral and cellular immune response,and the immune enhancement activity of CpG ODN was slightly better than that of the pUC18-CpG.Hence,pUC18-CpG and CpG ODN could be used as efficient immune adjuvants enhancer in future vaccines against Echinococcus granulosus infection. 相似文献