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1.
马尾松纸浆材重要经济性状配合力及杂种优势分析 总被引：13，自引：5，他引：13
报道了马尾松不同种源优良无性系 6× 6全双列交配的 7a生遗传测定林的分析结果。研究发现 ,树高、胸径和材积生长、干物质积累及木材基本密度等纸浆材主要经济性状的一般配合力 (GCA)和特殊配合力 (SCA)效应极为显著 ,但显性基因效应起主导地位 ,加性基因效应次之。基因上位效应则因性状而异 ,仅对木材基本密度作用显著 ,而对树高、胸径、材积生长和干物质积累作用较小或可忽略。马尾松生长和材质材性指标的遗传控制模式不同于玉米、杉木等研究结果 ,这可能与交配亲本来源于不同地理种源及经过一般配合力间接选择有关。马尾松生长性状普遍存在自交衰退现象 ,一般配合力小的亲本自交衰退程度有增加的倾向。马尾松不同交配组合间的杂种优势差异巨大 ,正反交杂种优势在总体上大致相似。研究虽然发现一般配合力较高的亲本间杂交在材积增加和干物质积累等性状上会产生强杂种优势的倾向 ,却无明显的规律可寻。以干物质指数作为主要筛选指标 ,初选出 8个优良杂交组合 相似文献
2.
以湖南省城步2代马尾松种子园人工控制授粉的全同胞家系和全同胞家系的母本与父本的自由授粉半同胞家系种子为试验材料,研究马尾松2代种子园家系苗期的配合力和杂种优势。结果表明:马尾松2代种子园家系间地径、苗高的差异均达极显著,其中地径变幅为0.215 7~0.428 8 cm,苗高变幅为13.425 9~35.568 9 cm。全同胞家系的地径、苗高与其母本的地径、苗高均呈现正相关,其中全同胞家系地径与其母本地径的相关系为0.831,为极显著相关,其它均未达显著水平。在4个杂交组合中,2个一般配合力(GCA)较高的亲本杂交后代81×8的地径均值和特殊配合力效应值均最大,分别为0.428 8 cm和0.024;2个一般配合力较高的亲本杂交后代10×37的苗高均值和特殊配合力效应值并不是最大的,而81×8组合的苗高均值和特殊配合力效应值均是最大的,分别为35.375 0 cm和3.193 4。不同组合间的杂种优势差异很大,其中地径的杂种优的变幅为-16.55%~19.41%,苗高杂种优的变幅为-46.44%~11.84%。 相似文献
3.
Combining ability of seedling height and shoot elongation parameters for the third generation germplasm of Pinus massoniana were investigated with a 6×6 half diallel cross design, and the parents were selected from the second generation breeding population. The result showed that the net increment of initiation phase, linear phase and later phase of seedling height took 22.82%, 59.05% and 18.13% of the total increment respectively, the increment at linear growth stage played a decisive role in the total increment of seedling height. The result of combining ability showed that, except for total linear growth (TLG), there were not significant differences in general combining ability (GCA) of seedling height, maximum growth rate (MGR), linear growth day (LGD) and linear growth rate (LGR), but for specific combining ability (SCA), except for LGD, there existed significant differences in seedling height, MGR, TLG and LGR, and the dominant gene effect was predominant over the additive gene effect. The reason for this seemed to be that the indirect selection of GCA had been made on mating parents. Compared to the second generation germplasm, which the mating parents had been indirect selected on GCA, the change was little for genetic control model of this trait in the third generation germplasm, and only the variance component of SCA increased to a certain extent. 相似文献
4.
时11年生杉木测交系设计的生长性状树高、胸径和材积进行了遗传效应分析,结果表明,树高、胸径和材积的一般配合力方差分别占总遗传方差的36.95%、44.77%和53.36%,树高、胸径的特殊配合力占绝对优势,材积的一般配合力占绝对优势,在杉木生长的遗传改良中,应以利用树高、胸径的非加性效应和材积的加性遗传效应为主.树高、胸径、材积狭义遗传力分别为16.17%、16.39%和19.14%,遗传力适中.通过配合力分析选出236和75为最好亲本,75×72、71×236、237×236、80×23、118×72、14×23为最优组合. 相似文献
5.
The performance and variability patterns in the wood element’s dimensions, specific gravity and growth parameters namely ramet
height and GBH were evaluated in 16 clones of parents, F1 and F2 hybrids of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. Ramet radial variations were non-significant, while inter-clonal variations due to interaction of clone/replication
were significant for all the wood traits except vessel element length. Inter-clonal variations were significant only for fiber
length and fiber wall thickness. Fiber length and specific gravity were significantly higher in female, while wall thickness
and vessel element length were higher in male clones. Female parents (G48 and S7C8) showed higher fiber length and specific
gravity than of the male parent (G3), while vessel diameter and wall thickness were higher in male parent (G3). There is not
much difference in fiber length and vessel element’s dimensions among the parents, F1 and F2 generation hybrid clones. Specific
gravity did not showed any trend for parents, F1 and F2 generations. Generally female clones showed higher growth rate. Broad
sense heritability for wood traits ranged from 0.143 (fiber length) to 0.505 (fiber wall thickness), while for growth traits
it was 0.374 (GBH) and 0.418 (height). Genetic gain for all the wood and growth traits was positive for most of the wood traits.
The highly divergent male clone (78) and female clones (S7C8, G48, W/A 49) in number of combinations could be used for developing
new hybrids of desired wood traits to develop new clones. 相似文献
6.
Guoqing Jin Guofeng Qin Weihong Liu Deyu Chu Suzhou Hong Zhichun Zhou 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(1):101-106
Two groups of filial generations derived from two different Pinus massoniana complete-diallel crosses were analyzed. Results show that the general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability
(SCA) and reciprocal effects were significant for some growth traits, including height, DBH and volume index. The heredity
of these growth traits was controlled by additive and non-additive genes, of which the additive genes played a dominant role.
The epistatic effect was greater for group I (cross in 1992) than group II (cross in 1993). The SCA of P. massoniana growth traits was significantly greater than GCA, which may be related to different geographical provenance for parents and
the indirect selection by GCA. Inbreeding depression was commonly observed for P. massoniana growth traits. The extent of
inbreeding depression was −17.8%–−18.4%, −23.3%–−27.7% and −44.3%–−50.6% for height, DBH and volume index, respectively. It
was observed that parents with small GCA values exhibited a greater extent of inbreeding depression. Large differences in
hybrid vigor of different crosses were observed and the difference between original cross and reciprocal cross was not significant.
Based on the volume index, 10 fine crosses were selected for two groups respectively, and the average increment of volume
index was 59.41% and 41.76%, respectively, in comparison with the average of the testing groups, and was 100.58% and 74.61%
in comparison with the local commercial variety.
__________
Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2008, 44(6): 28–33 [译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
7.
经苗期对比试验,从全国１０省种源的１０４７株毛白杨优良基因资源中初选出３４个无性系进行中试,以比较速生的天然三倍体毛白杨雌株做对照。９年测定结果表明,鲁毛５０、５３１４、１４１４、５０１５和南×毛新五个无性系的材积增益高达３０％～５８．２％,且干形直,形态变异明显,易识别,适应性和抗逆性较强,有较高的推广利用价值。 相似文献
8.
施肥对毛白杨杂种无性系幼苗生长和光合的影响 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12
采用正交设计L9(34)布置氮、磷、钾3因素3水平的肥料试验,研究氮、磷、钾配施对毛白杨杂种无性系苗木生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:1)不同的施肥处理对相同系号的苗木影响不同,而不同系号的苗木对相同施肥处理响应也不一致,因此不仅要找出最佳的氮、磷、钾施肥量及其比例,而且要针对不同的无性系制定不同的施肥配方;2)毛白杨杂种无性系的生长和生理特征对于不同施肥配方的响应不完全一致,毛白杨杂种无性系S86号的最佳施肥配方为N(3g)+P2O5(2.25g)+K2O(0g),46号的最佳配比为N(5g)+P2O5(4.5g)+K2O(1g);3)毛白杨杂种无性系S86和46号处理间净光合速率×总叶面积(PTL)较净光合速率(Pn)差异更显著,并且与生长的相关性要高于净光合速率与生长的相关性,相关系数在0.80以上;4)不同的氮、磷、钾配施处理对毛白杨杂种无性系苗木各项生长指标和生理指标有显著影响,以氮肥影响最大,磷和钾肥影响较小。该研究对毛白杨杂种无性系的合理施肥具有理论和实际指导意义。 相似文献
9.
直干桉生长性状的遗传效应分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
对直干桉的树高，胸径，材积，冠幅，枝下高，弯曲度和枝径比等7个性状的一般配合力（GCA），特殊配合力（SCA），母本效应（FEM），父本效应（MAL）和特殊正反交效应（SRE）进行了分析。重点讨论了树高，胸径和材积3个性状的遗传效应。这些性状主要受SRE和MAL的控制，GCA仅对树高和枝下高有较澌上的影响。有两个亲本数量性状的GCA值高，可用于建立种子园，直干桉自交衰退非常严重，有8个组合的数量性状显著高于平均值。对直干桉进行遗传改良的最好途径是，通过杂交育种，从中再选出优异个体进行无性繁殖。培养出优良无性系后应用于生产。若要以建立种子园来改良直干桉，必须引进或引变新的育种材料才有效果。 相似文献
10.
研究马尾松种子千粒重的遗传差异及配合力与杂种优势,为马尾松遗传改良提供基础数据。以采自湖南省城步马尾松种子园中来自湖南、贵州、广西等3个省(区)种源的161个马尾松半同胞家系和60个马尾松全同胞家系种子为材料,测定其千粒重,通过测交设计对其种子千粒重配合力及杂种优势进行分析。结果表明:单亲家系间、双亲家系间种子的千粒重差异均达极显著,种源间差异不显著。3个测交设计组合的父本间、母本间千粒重GCA效应值以及杂交组合间千粒重SCA效应值的差异均达极显著。第Ⅰ设计2个父本中千粒重GCA效应表现较好的亲本是龙潭,4个母本中,以48亲本的千粒重GCA效应值最大,但以87×龙潭杂交组合的SCA效应最好;第Ⅱ设计中,4个父本中千粒重GCA效应表现最好的亲本是75,2个母本中,表现较好的亲本是48,但以83×庆远16组合的SCA效应最好;第Ⅲ设计中,4个父本中千粒重GCA效应表现最好的亲本是48,2个母本中,表现较好的亲本是庆远16,但以庆远16×87组合的SCA效应最好。不同杂交组合千粒重的杂种优势差异很大,35个杂交组合千粒重杂种优势的变幅为-38.00%~24.75%。具有杂种优势的组合共14个,其中杂种优势在15%以上的组合4个;呈现一定的杂种劣势的组合21个。第Ⅰ设计中SCA效应最好的87×龙潭组合和第Ⅲ设计中SCA效应最好的庆远16×87组合,分别在其相应的设计中杂种优势最强。以上结果说明:由2个GCA最高的亲本组配的杂交组合,其SCA效应不一定是最好的;只有少数杂交组合千粒重的杂种优势表现优良;SCA最高的杂交组合,其杂种优势最强。 相似文献
11.
毛白杨无性系湿心材比例的遗传分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对毛白杨无性系测定林分内25个无性系150棵单株木芯试样的湿心材比例进行测定和遗传分析。结果表明:无性系间湿心材比例差异达到5%显著水平,湿心材比例的无性系重复力高达0.749,受中度遗传控制,在无性系间进行可获得良好效果;湿心材比例与木质素含量及与木材基本密度之间无相关性,对这3个性状可以进行单独选择;湿心材比例与胸径之间在1%水平上呈极显著的负表型相关性和显著的负遗传相关性,可联合选择;在所研究的25个无性系中,可选择1232#无性系,它的湿心材比例较低、木质素含量较低、材色较白,且胸径较大。 相似文献
12.
Variation Analysis of Seed and Seedling Traits of Cross Combination Progenies in Populus 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Li Shan-wen Zhang Zhiyi He Cheng-zhong An Xin-min Yu Zhi-shui Li Bai-lian 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,7(3):61-69
Twenty-five species and hybrids in Populus were used as parents, and 26 cross combinations, including more than 5 000 seedlings, were obtained by artificial cross breeding. The length of infructescence, number of seeds per infructescence, thou-sand-seed weight, germination rate of seeds among these cross combinations were tested. The results indicated that the cross combi-national effects were significant for these traits, and demonstrated that the length of infructescence, thousand-seed weight were posi-tively affected by female parent. In addition, seedling height, diameter above ground, diameter at breast height (DBH) of 17 cross combination progenies were investigated. The analysis of mean and standard deviation of these three traits showed that seedling height, diameter above ground, DBH had extensive variation among combinations and individuals within combination. Variance analysis and estimate of heritability indicated that the three traits had wide variation and were controlled by heredity. It was feasible to select superior cross combinations and seedlings. Further more, the result of multiple comparison showed that P. deltoides ‘Lux’ × P. deltoides ‘D324’, P ussuriensis cl. ‘U4’ × P. deltoides ‘T66’, P. ussuriensis cl. ‘U4’ × P deltoides ‘T26’, P. deltoides ‘Lux’ × P.. . ussuriensis cl. ‘U3’, (P. m tos × P. bolleana) × (P alba × P. glandulosa), (P. alba × P. tomentosa) × (P. al × P. glandulosa ), and to en a . ba (P. alba × P. glandulosa ‘No. 2’) × P. tomentosa ‘Lumao 50’ were superior cross combinations with higher growth rate. Finally, 123 elite seedlings were selected for further test. 相似文献
13.
利用美洲黑杨50号为母本和青杨5个种源(各10个单株)为父本杂交,获得杂种F1代无性系,对此多水平杂交育种体系叶片和生长遗传变异进行了研究.结果表明,父本青杨种源间及种源内单株间均达到极显著差异,F1代无性系的种源间、种源内家系间和家系内无性系间存在不同差异.杂种F1代无性系扦插苗父本种源不同的杂交组合间和组合内家系间成活率差异不显著,1、2、3年生苗的生长性状在不同层次变异水平上差异显著或极显著,表明父本青杨种源间和种源内变异对F1代生长有显著影响,F1代无性系存在丰富的遗传变异,具有选择潜力.杂种F1代叶片形态与苗期生长性状间未发现有较大相关性. 相似文献
14.
对来自广东省内7 个种源的30 个猴耳环Archidendron clypearia 家系的种子千粒重及其半年
生实生苗的成活率、苗高和地径性状进行统计分析。结果表明：30 个猴耳环家系的种子总平均千粒重为
754.2 g,半年生实生苗的成活率均在93.30% 以上;家系间苗高性状差异达到极显著水（P<0.001）,平
均苗高最大为19.96 cm,最低的只有11.50 cm。家系内个体间苗高也具有较大差异,变异系数最高的可
达38.25%;家系间地径性状的差异也达到极显著水平（P<0.001）, 平均地径最大为0.57 cm,最小的只有
0.39 cm 。家系内地径的变异系数最高的达37.74%;各性状间的相关性分析结果表明,地径和苗高极显著
正相关（r2=0.70, P<0.001）,地径和苗高与种子千粒重均无显著相关性。 相似文献
15.
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):15-26
The variance of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for height and diameter growth were estimated from a 13 years old provenance hybridization study in Norway spruce. The GCA variance component for both height and diameter growth was significant, but there was no significant SCA variance. Hybrid progenies outperformed the progenies from stands, but this superiority was not interpreted as a provenance heterosis effect. Estimated family heritabilities for height and diameter growth were moderately high (0.40 for both traits). A consequence of the low SCA variance for Norway spruce may be that clonal testing should replace progeny testing for estimating GCA. 相似文献
17.
【目的】研究不同田间持水量和纯氮施用量对毛白杨人工林单位面积上林分蓄积量的影响,确定毛白杨无性系最佳水氮组合方案。【方法】采用裂区试验设计在河北威县林地研究不同水氮耦合处理对不同无性系(BT17,B331,S86,1316)毛白杨林分蓄积量影响。【结果】1)无性系在不同纯氮施用量和田间持水量灌溉条件下单位面积上林分生长量有差异,S86无性系对高水肥处理响应较好,1316无性系响应较差。2)对杨树人工林进行水分灌溉管理措施时,应该设置田间持水量75%以上作为灌溉临界值同时灌溉临界值应考虑造林地区的环境条件、造林密度、林龄等因素。3)杨树人工林单位面积上纯氮施肥量范围是在100~400kg·hm^-2,且施肥量应当根据实验地区肥力等级状况进行酌量加减。【结论】在河北威县S86无性系是在田间持水量75%以上和每株施氮量160g的管理措施下能实现速生丰产的毛白杨无性系,建议在相近地区进行杨树人工林速生丰产林培育时候优先考虑。 相似文献
18.
根据 10年生湿地松 6× 6半双列子代在两个试验地点的生长量、木材基本密度、树干通直度和抗风性数据 ,研究了该树种目的性状的遗传变异规律。结果表明 ,地点间存在着显著的生长差异和通直度差异 ,但两点的木材基本密度非常一致 ;所有研究性状均存在着一定程度的地点与基因型互作 ,其中胸径、基本密度均达到了显著以上水平 ;在一般配合力 (GCA)均方差显著地大于特殊配合力 (SCA)均方差的前提下 ,胸径、材积、基本密度、通直度、抗风性的加性方差占总遗传方差的 96 .4 1%～ 10 0 %。但是 ,树高性状以非加性方差居优。决定子代表现的遗传因素 ,主要是亲本的GCA,SCA和反交效应也有影响 ,但程度较低 ;两块测定林中 ,树高、胸径、材积、基本密度、通直度、抗风性的单株狭义遗传力分别为 0 .0 0 1和 0 .0 74、0 .0 80和 0 .144、0 .0 6 8和 0 .137、0 .10 8和 0 .6 0 9、0 .0 5 2和 0 .2 5 2、0 .0 5 8(单地点 )。 相似文献
19.
三倍体毛白杨配套造林技术研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据１０年来大规模的三倍体毛白杨春、秋、冬三季造林,总结出了通道工程绿化、农田林网和滩涂用材丰产林的整地、苗木质量标准、栽植八要诀、育造一体化和林木管理等系列配套造林技术。参照应用本技术,可使毛白杨造林成活率达到９５％以上,并使三倍体毛白杨产业的经济效益提高三倍以上,具有很高的推广价值。 相似文献
20.
中山杉无性系耐盐力的水培试验 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文报道中山杉301、302和4013个无性系及其母本落羽杉、池杉的1年生扦插苗的耐盐力水培试验结果.表明:它们耐盐力强弱的顺序是中山杉301>中山杉401>中山杉302>落羽杉>池杉,它们的耐盐力,3个无性系为含盐(NaCI)量0.3%左右,亲本落羽杉为0.15%,池杉为0.1%左右. 相似文献