共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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干旱少雨、水资源短缺,是甘肃河西农业可持续发展的瓶颈.根据甘肃省委、省政府的战略部署,要求把节约水资源、提高水资源利用率作为关系河西灌区可持续发展的战略任务,通过农业高效节水,为工业化、城镇化和产业化腾出用水空间,为实现河西灌区的可持续发展创造条件,甘肃省政府制定了三年内发展节水耕作面积66.67万hm2的规划.河西灌区是甘肃省的粮仓,是我国优质啤酒大麦主产区之一,啤酒大麦常年播种面积8万～12万hm2.但河西灌区水资源利用率较低,单方水粮食生产率为0.8 kg左右,比全国平均水平低0.2 kg左右.为了加快甘肃省河西灌区农田节水技术推广步伐,推进节水型社会建设,提高水资源的利用效率,促进灌区农业可持续发展,实现农业增效和农民增收,探索研究各种农田节水措施有其 相似文献
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新疆柳沟灌区土壤次生盐碱化主要是由于灌区所处的地势低凹,长期受周围三库(柳沟水库、奎屯水库、车排子水库)、两渠(柳西干渠、调节渠)及灌区内灌溉渠系渗漏、田间过量灌溉的影响,地下水位上升,盐分积聚地表,使土壤盐碱化速度加快,造成灌区有近万公顷土地被荒弃。已利用耕地中,土壤盐分含量平均在0.39%左右,也存在不同程度的土壤盐渍化,造成作物缺苗、断垄、产量不高,严重制约着农业生产的发展。1垦区土壤次生盐碱化的原因1.1灌排不配套,排水受阻截。渠系及水库的渗漏是造成地下水位上升,土壤次生盐碱化加重的主要原因之一。不合理的灌溉方… 相似文献
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吨粮田外部环境特征及相应参数指标研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
亩产达吨粮是综合因素作用的结果，其主要外部条件是，加强农田建设，培肥土壤，平整土地，沟渠配套，灌排畅通，满足作物对水分和温光条件要求，这一结果为实现粮食生产标准化与指标化提供了依据。 相似文献
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以Blank作物模型为基础,采用动态规划方法确定甜菜优化灌溉制度,以期达到节水高产的目的。就内蒙古河套灌区永联试区的实际情况,计算结果表明,除苗期、完熟期不需灌溉外,其余5个生育阶段均需灌溉,灌水量分别为50m~3/亩,全生育期灌溉定额为250m~3/亩,实际根产量为3902.2kg/亩。 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(5):592-600
AbstractThis research was conducted to determine the yield and water-use efficiency of maize under fixed and variable alternate furrow irrigation (fixed AFI, variable AFI) and every furrow irrigation (EFI) at different irrigation intervals in areas with shallow and deep groundwater. In variable AFI, water was applied to the furrow, which was dry in the previous irrigation cycle. The results indicated that even at 4-day irrigation intervals the water needs of maize on a fine textured soil in both areas (with deep and shallow water table) are not met by AFI. The decrease in grain yield due to water stress was mainly due to the decrease in the number of grains per cob and to a lesser extent to the decrease in 1000-grain weight. At the Kooshkak site with shallow groundwater (between 1.31 and 1.67 m), grain yields in AFI at 4- and 7-day intervals were comparable to those obtained in EFI at 7- and 10-day intervals, respectively. This might be due to the contribution of groundwater to the water use of the plant (about 5-10%). In the Badjgah area, with deep water depth, grain yield in AFI at 7-day intervals was statistically lower than that obtained in EFI at 10-day interval. In AFI, a shorter irrigation interval (4-day) may alleviate the water stress and result in no yield reduction compared with that in EFI at 7-day intervals even though water application was reduced. Furthermore, in the area with a shallow water table, AFI at 7-day intervals may be superior to EFI at 10-day irrigation intervals. When seasonal irrigation water is less than 700 mm, it may be preferable to use AFI at 10-day intervals to increase water-use efficiency, especially in areas with shallow groundwater. In general, when water was insufficient for full irrigation, the relative grain yield (yield per unit water applied) of maize under AFI was higher than those under EFI. 相似文献
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滴灌与漫灌对小麦生长的影响及经济效益比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据新疆小麦生长特性,分析滴灌与漫灌2种不同灌溉方式对小麦生长的影响,并对2种灌溉方式下小麦的经济效益进行了比较。结果表明:滴灌小麦节水、节肥和增产效果明显,滴灌技术在新疆小麦种植上具有明显优势。 相似文献
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