共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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亚麻快速生物脱胶发酵条件研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对亚麻快速脱胶菌株Ym68′不同的发酵温度、接种量、浴比和脱胶助剂的脱胶试验，研究了亚麻快速生物脱胶的发酵条件。结果表明，亚麻快速生物脱胶的适宜条件为：温度30℃～35℃、浴比1：10—1：15、接种量15％-20％、脱胶助剂0．5‰CO（NH2）2或复合肥。温度对亚麻快速生物脱胶的影响最大，其次是浴比，而脱胶助剂和接种量的影响较小。 相似文献
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亚麻快速生物脱胶技术研究——Ⅲ．麻茎化学成分在快速生物脱胶过程中的变化 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
在实验室条件下，利用亚麻脱胶茵Ym68’，对亚麻原茎进行快速脱胶试验，定期测定了麻茎中的脱胶茵活茵量、水溶物、果胶、半纤维素、木质素和纤维素等指标。结果表明，亚麻原茎中水溶物、果胶、半纤维素、木质素和纤维素含量分别为：16.57％、7．82％、19.4％、18.4％和21.01％；脱胶完成时，果胶、半纤维素和木质素脱除率分别为82．1％、17．0％和11.4％；在接种后发酵2h内，亚麻麻茎中的水溶物由16．57％迅速降至7．93％；接种后发酵2h-4h，脱胶茵活茵量的增加幅度最大，为5．88倍；麻茎中果胶、半纤维素和木质素的含量均随着时间的延长而降低。 相似文献
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亚麻微生物脱胶技术的研究：Ⅳ脱胶条件测试及脱胶试验 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用优选的亚麻脱胶菌株,对亚麻脱胶条件进行了测试。结果为：接种量５％脱胶温度为３５℃,以单一菌株在自然条件即适宜亚麻脱胶,继之做了室内外脱胶综合测试。结果表明;接种脱胶菌进行亚麻脱胶可以缩短脱胶时间,提高长麻率及全麻率,增加纤维抗拉强度,改善纤维外观质量。 相似文献
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在实验室条件下,利用亚麻脱胶茵Ym68',对亚麻原茎进行快速脱胶试验,定期测定了麻茎中的脱胶菌活茵量、水溶物、果胶、半纤维素、木质素和纤维素等指标.结果表明,亚麻原茎中水溶物、果胶、半纤维素、木质素和纤维素含量分别为16.57%、7.82%、19.4%、18.4%和21.01%;脱胶完成时,果胶、半纤维素和木质素脱除率分别为82.1%、17.0%和11.4%;在接种后发酵2h内,亚麻麻茎中的水溶物由16.57%迅速降至7.93%;接种后发酵2h-4h,脱胶茵活茵量的增加幅度最大,为5.88倍;麻茎中果胶、半纤维素和木质素的含量均随着时间的延长而降低. 相似文献
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利用脱胶剂于亚麻生育后期进行田间喷施，以达到脱胶的目的，收获后不用沤麻可直接送原料厂上机加工，初步结果：１．脱胶所用的脱胶剂种类与剂型、浓度及喷施时期，已达到了脱胶的效果；２．喷施后亚麻植株的形态变化、收获适期及田间鉴定标准；３．亚麻站立脱胶技术要在亚麻高产栽培技术的基础上，尤其强调植株于田间分布均匀、生长发育一致，无杂草为害和防止倒伏等措施，才能发挥更好的脱麻效果；４．收获后，取消沤麻环节直接上机加工试验，可顺利打成纤维。与温水沤麻相比，原茎干重降低、出麻率和强度有所增加，而种子的产质量有所降低。 相似文献
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南方亚麻微生物脱胶技术及其理论研究Ⅲ．麻茎特性对亚麻脱胶效果的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在天然水浸脱胶条件下，对影响亚麻脱胶效果的麻茎特性及其作用机制进行了初步探讨。结果表明，麻茎上带有脱胶能力较强的微生物，能加速亚麻脱胶进程；麻茎的部位、粗细、麻龄等不同，其纤维及胶质的组成和分布也有差异，对亚麻的脱胶速度均产生不同程度的影响；机械破损能够破坏麻茎的表皮结构，增大脱胶酶的侵袭面积，能加快亚麻的脱胶速度。 相似文献
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亚麻鲜茎雨露沤制技术的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
雨露麻以其生产方式简单,成本低,不污染环境而被广泛应用,但传统的雨露麻采用人工收获,在多雨季节里原茎保存困难,常发生霉烂。给工农业均造成损失。鲜茎雨露沤麻技术的提出解决了这一问题,同时使沤麻时间提前10天左右,亚麻收获就开始沤制,充分利用了亚麻收获季节的高温和降雨。沤麻速度快,沤麻时间缩短,降低了生产成本,麻率相对提高0.5-1个百分点,纤维强度增加1.2—2.7kg。此项技术对我国雨露麻的发展具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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《Industrial Crops and Products》2005,21(3):369-378
A flax fiber pilot plant is needed to process small samples of flax straw into fibers to facilitate research on retting and fiber properties. Our objective was to develop and test a modular design for a flax processing pilot plant based on a commercial line that was capable of cleaning fiber and seed flax straw from unretted, dew-retted, and enzyme-retted samples. The USDA Flax Fiber Pilot Plant (Flax-PP), which is the only research facility of this type in the United States, was designed according to the commercial ‘Unified Line’ (Czech Flax Machinery), but smaller and constructed in four individual modules. The modules and their order for processing were as follows: 9-roller calender, top shaker, scutching wheel, top shaker, 5-roller calender, and top shaker. Illustrations and diagrams of the operating modules are presented. Unretted ‘Neche’ linseed flax, dew-retted ‘Natasja’, and enzyme-retted ‘Jordan’ fiber flax were processed, and the cumulative weight loss of material at successive processing steps was determined to assess the effectiveness of cleaning. Fiber strength, fineness, and elongation were determined for the retted samples after cleaning through all the steps in the Flax-PP. A yield of fine fiber from the retted stems processed through the Flax-PP was acquired from further cleaning and refining by passage through a Shirley Analyzer. The various samples behaved differently at different stages of processing and the resulting fibers had different properties. The dew-retted Natasja fibers were stronger and finer than the enzyme-retted Jordan flax after pilot plant processing, but the Jordan fibers appeared cleaner and better retted. The Flax-PP effectively processed samples of diverse characteristics and will facilitate integrated research on retting methods for fibers with tailored properties. 相似文献
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This study aimed to quantify major environmental impacts associated with the production of hemp yarn using Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). A reference scenario of traditional hemp warm water retting was compared to: (1) bio-retting, i.e. hemp green scutching followed by water retting, (2) babyhemp, based on stand retting of pre-mature hemp, (3) dew retting of flax. Overall, neither of the alternative scenarios was unambiguously better than the reference. The impacts of the hemp reference scenario and the flax scenario were similar, except for pesticide use (higher for flax) and water use during processing (higher for hemp). Bio-retting had higher impacts than the reference scenario for climate change and energy use, due to higher energy input in fibre processing. Babyhemp had higher impacts than the reference scenario for eutrophication, land occupation and pesticide use. A reduction of the environmental impacts of hemp yarn should give priority to reduction of energy use in the fibre processing and yarn production stages and to reduction of eutrophication in the crop production phase. 相似文献
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《Industrial Crops and Products》2007,25(2):136-146
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important commercial crop that supplies both linseed and bast fibers for multiple applications. Retting, which is a microbial process, separates industrially useful bast fibers from non-fiber stem tissues. While several methods (i.e., water- and dew-retting) are used to ret flax, more recently enzymes have been evaluated to replace methods used currently. Alkaline pectate lyase (PL) from the commercial product BioPrep 3000 and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) from Mayoquest 200 as a calcium chelator were used in various formulations to ret flax stems. Retted stems were then mechanically cleaned through the USDA Flax Fiber Pilot Plant and passed through the Shirley Analyzer. The PL and chelator effectively retted flax from both fiber flax and linseed stems, and the use of enzyme plus chelator retted flax stems better than either component alone. Fiber yield and strength were greater than retting with a mixed-enzyme product that contained cellulases. Retting with PL and chelator was optimized based on fine-fiber yield, remaining shive content, and fiber properties. PL at levels of about 2% of the commercial product for 1 h at 55 °C followed by treatment with 18 mM EDTA for 23–24 h at 55 °C provided the best fibers based on these criteria. Yield and fiber properties determined by these tests were not improved with PL levels of 5% of the commercial product. 相似文献
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南方亚麻微生物脱胶技术及其理论研究——Ⅰ．亚麻天然水沤法脱胶动态过程的观测 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
本文对亚麻天然水沤麻过程中的脱胶微生物数量，果胶酶、木聚糖酶、纤维素酶的活性，以及水体的pH、还原糖、含氮量、COD的动态变化进行了测定，探明了亚麻天然水沤麻过程中微生物类群与数量、脱胶酶活性、水体特征的动态变化规律。 相似文献
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亚麻种植、雨露沤制、初加工一体化生产配套技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文在研究亚麻重迎茬发病规律及防治方法、除草技术、雨露沤制技术研完的基础上，提出了亚麻种植、雨露沤制、初加工一体化生产配套技术。200l-2002年对谈技术进行了示范推广，推广面积5373公顷，取得了良好的经济效益。 相似文献