共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(13)
为了研究鼠李糖乳杆菌对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和产气荚膜梭菌的抑菌作用,试验采用牛津杯法检测了鼠李糖乳杆菌与三种细菌共培养的细菌数、抑菌圈直径,并测定了细菌生长曲线。结果表明:共培养后三种细菌的数量均显著低于对照组(P0.05);鼠李糖乳杆菌发酵上清液和全菌裂解液与三种细菌共培养后,细菌对数生长期明显滞后或未出现对数生长期;鼠李糖乳杆菌发酵上清液和全菌裂解液对三种细菌的抑菌圈直径均显著大于对照组(P0.05),全菌裂解液对大肠杆菌和产气荚膜梭菌的抑菌圈直径显著大于上清液(P0.05)。说明鼠李糖乳杆菌对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和产气荚膜梭菌的生长具有明显的抑制作用,其中对产气荚膜梭菌的抑制效果最强,全菌裂解液的抑菌效果优于上清液。 相似文献
2.
本研究旨在体外评估益生菌丁酸梭菌的抑菌性能。试验采用牛津杯法,设土霉素、无菌蒸馏水及丁酸梭菌3个组,以抑菌圈直径（DIZ）比较判定丁酸梭菌对4类14个指示菌的抑制作用。抑菌作用判定标准：“不敏感”,DIZ=7.8 mm;“低敏感”,7.8 mm12.0 mm。结果显示：(1)肠道有害菌：丁酸梭菌对大肠杆菌K88、猪霍乱沙门氏杆菌的抑制达“高敏感”,对大肠杆菌K99、产气荚膜梭菌为“中敏感”,对鸡白痢沙门氏菌为“低敏感”。(2)肠道有益菌：丁酸梭菌对罗伊氏乳酸杆菌、嗜热双歧杆菌的抑制结果为“不敏感”;相反,土霉素对罗伊氏乳酸杆菌有“高敏感”抑制。(3)饲料源有害菌：丁酸梭菌对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制达“高敏感”。(4)商业饲用益生菌：丁酸梭菌对凝结芽孢杆菌的抑制达“高敏感”,对地衣芽孢杆菌为“中敏感”,对枯草芽孢杆菌为“低敏感”,对屎肠球菌、粪肠球菌、产朊假丝酵母的抑制作用判定为“不敏感”。综上,与广谱抗生素比,丁酸梭菌对畜禽肠道菌群的平衡有积极效应,同时丁酸梭菌与其他益生菌的拮抗... 相似文献
3.
枯草芽孢杆菌PB6菌株是由建明工业(Kemin Industries)生产,在美国FDA注册的从健康鸡肠道中分离出来的益生菌。PB6活性菌株能通过分泌细菌素,直接杀灭魏氏梭菌(产气荚膜梭菌),并抑制大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌等需氧菌的生长,促进乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌等有益厌氧菌的增殖,从而防止由梭菌引起的坏死性肠炎的爆发。同时,PB6活性菌株还能抵御高温的破坏,与生产应用上常用的酸、抗生素兼容。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
不同氧需求特性菌株在模拟肠道厌氧条件下的增殖 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章旨在研究丁酸梭菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌3种典型的不同氧需求特性益生菌在模拟肠道条件下的增殖情况,为益生菌在动物生理条件下的应用提供试验依据。将冻存的丁酸梭菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌活化后,初始菌数分别为104、106、106 cfu/ml,接种至相应的培养基中,维持pH值,置于厌氧培养箱中进行培养,每隔特定时间测定一次菌数,直至菌数不再变化时停止检测,作菌株生长曲线。试验结果表明:枯草芽孢杆菌维持在106数量级,几乎不能生长繁殖;地衣芽孢杆菌由106数量级增殖到108数量级,在培养20 h时接近增殖高峰;丁酸梭菌由104数量级迅速增殖到108数量级,在培养12 h时接近增殖高峰。由试验可以得出:丁酸梭菌更适合动物肠道厌氧环境,可在动物肠道迅速大量增殖代谢,最大限度发挥益生作用。 相似文献
7.
面对抗生素作为饲料添加剂的毒副作用和禁用问题,研究高效复合益生菌来替代抗生素已变得越来越重要。为了获得抑制大肠杆菌生长的高效益生菌组合,本研究首先选用3种枯草芽孢杆菌(芽孢菌-1、芽孢菌-2、芽孢菌-3)进行组合,获得最佳配比后再与乳酸杆菌和酵母菌进行组合。通过测定菌液的pH值及大肠杆菌数来判断不同配比的复合菌对大肠杆菌抑制作用的强弱。结果表明,芽孢菌组合(芽孢菌-2和芽孢菌-3的比例为1∶1)、乳酸杆菌、酵母菌按0∶1∶1、1∶3∶0、2∶2∶3和2∶3∶2来制备复合菌剂时,对大肠杆菌的抑制效果最好,而且优于抗生素。而没有添加乳酸杆菌的几组复合菌对大肠杆菌的抑制效果明显较弱,说明乳酸杆菌的抑菌作用较好。 相似文献
8.
《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2015,(11)
本试验目的在于研究多种不同饲料添加剂类抗生素对产气荚膜梭菌的抑菌试验,筛选出对产气荚膜梭菌抑菌效果强的药物,为饲料、养殖业临床上控制产气荚膜梭菌提供理论依据。试验选用喹乙醇、4%恩拉霉素、盐霉素、硫酸黏霉素、15%杆菌肽锌、黄霉素、吉他霉素和盐酸金霉素八种饲料常用抗生素添加剂,采用试管稀释法对猪源产气荚膜梭菌野毒株进行抑菌试验。试验结果表明:(1)恩拉霉素抑菌作用最强,其MIC为1.6μg/m L;(2)喹乙醇和15%杆菌肽锌抑菌作用较强,它们的MIC分别为4μg/m L和6μg/m L;(3)黄霉素、硫酸黏霉素、吉他霉素抑菌作用较弱,它们的MIC分别为40μg/m L、200μg/m L、300μg/m L;(4)盐霉素及盐酸金霉素对该产气荚膜梭菌野毒株几乎没有抑菌作用。由以上八种抗生素对产气荚膜梭菌的抑菌试验结果得出,八种抗生素对该产气荚膜梭菌野毒株均有不同程度的抑菌作用,而恩拉霉素对产气荚膜梭菌抑菌效果最强。 相似文献
9.
益生菌剂对仔猪肠道菌群的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究益生菌剂对仔猪肠道菌群的影响,选择60头7.5 kg左右的"杜洛克猪×长白猪×大白猪"原种猪,随机分成2组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头。将仔猪分为试验组和对照组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+0.1%益生菌剂,检测各组仔猪生产性能及肠道菌群等。试验结果表明,益生菌制剂能显著降低仔猪腹泻率(P<0.05),促进仔猪的生长;大肠杆菌和肠球菌是仔猪肠道非常住菌群(过路菌),乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌为常住菌群;益生菌剂能极显著减少仔猪肠道的好氧菌(P<0.01),极显著增加仔猪肠道的厌氧菌、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌(P<0.01),显著降低仔猪肠道的产气荚膜梭菌(P<0.05)。因此,饲料中添加益生菌剂能有效改善仔猪肠道菌群。 相似文献
10.
为了确定不同纤毛抗原的猪大肠杆菌和C型产气荚膜梭菌引起试验动物发病的最小菌(毒)含量,用不同菌数的E.coliC83549(K88)、C83644(K99)和C83710(987P)菌株培养物对出生18～24h的仔猪进行攻毒,用不同毒素含量的C型产气荚膜梭菌毒素分别对出生18～24h的仔猪和家兔进行攻毒。结果表明,引起仔猪发病的大肠杆菌三种菌株的最低含量均为150×108CFU,C型产气荚膜梭菌引起1日龄仔猪和家兔发病的最低毒素含量分别75和80小鼠MLD。 相似文献
11.
T Fukata H Tsutsui E Baba A Arakawa 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(2):229-232
To test the interaction between various species of bacteria and Salmonella serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium), the population of S. typhimurium was measured in the cecum of gnotobiotic chickens in the presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and one of the four intestinal bacteria; Lactobacillus acidophilus. Clostridium perfringens, Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Bacteroides vulgatus. Competitive exclusion of S. typhimurium by di-flora chicken was not demonstrated. But the population of S. typhimurium was temporarily suppressed in di-flora chickens with E. coli and L. acidophilus. In penta-flora chickens with E. coli and these four intestinal bacteria, the population of S. typhimurium was suppressed for only 2 days. In normalized chickens, the population of S. typhimurium was markedly suppressed. 相似文献
12.
试验旨在研究预防犊牛腹泻复合微生态制剂3株菌种的配比优化。通过研究嗜酸乳杆菌、布氏酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌不同浓度人工胃液、人工肠液、牛胆盐的耐受性及其对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌性,确定其生物学特性;以大肠杆菌K99为指示菌,研究3种益生菌不同配比对大肠杆菌K99的抑菌效果,以确定其最佳组合。结果表明:(1)3种益生菌在不同pH人工胃培养条件下都具有较好的耐受性,其中嗜酸乳杆菌、芽孢杆菌在pH为5时,存活率达到了118.75%、142.24%,布氏酵母菌对不同pH均表现成活率达到了100%以上。(2)3种益生菌在人工胃液中9 h存活率较高,与0 h的OD600相比,布氏酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌存活率分别为108.7%、129.73%、96.37%。(3)在含有不同浓度的牛胆盐培养基中,布氏酵母菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌存活率较对照组的存活率最高为60.49%、85.1%、47.42%。(4)3株益生菌按照不同配比在培养12 h后,试验组第2、4、8组较对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);培养24 h后,试验组第3、4、5、6较对照组差异显著(P<0.05),组间差异不显著(P>0.05);第8个处理组在培养12 h后对大肠杆菌K99的抑菌效果较好。综合分析,3株益生菌对人工胃液、人工肠液、牛胆盐具有较好的耐受性,并具对大肠杆菌K99、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等致病菌均有一定的抑菌特性。嗜酸乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、布氏酵母菌最佳的优化配比为3:3:1。 相似文献
13.
E Baba H Wakeshima K Fukui T Fukata A Arakawa 《American journal of veterinary research》1992,53(2):194-197
When Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens were tested in conventional chickens, larger numbers of S typhimurium and C perfringens adhered to Eimeria tenella-infected ceca than to uninfected ceca. In germ-free chickens, S typhimurium and C perfringens adhered to the E tenella-infected cecal mucosa more than to the uninfected cecal mucosa, but fewer Bacteroides vulgatus and Bifidobacterium thermophilum adhered to the E tenella-infected ceca than to the uninfected ceca. Many bacteria adhered to the lesions caused by E tenella as observed by scanning electron microscopy. On the basis of our findings, we suggest that infection with E tenella upsets the balance of competitive adherence of bacteria, allowing more colonization of S typhimurium and C perfringens. 相似文献
14.
Schlenker G Müller W Birkelbach C Glatzel P 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1999,112(1):14-17
Together with the faecal and the urinary discharge of animals and humans natural and synthetic estrogenes are excreted into the environment. About their degradation in the environment only few facts are known. Their reduction is probably of microbial enzymatical nature. For looking into that question it was investigated by in-vitro-attempts whether Escherichia coli or Clostridium perfringens influence the estrone. Therefore estrone was incubated together with the microorganisms tested (experimental groups) and without those (control groups) in nutrient medium for these bacteria over 48 hours with 37 degrees C (aerobic) or 42 degrees C (anaerobic). For the executed procedure an enzyme immunoassay was used. It could be seen that E. coli does not show a provable effect on the estrone concentration under this conditions. Whereas C. perfringens might have a potency for the degradation of the hormone tested. The experiments shows that there exists obviously a difference between estrone and 4-pregnene-20 beta-o1-3-one in the same system of test. 相似文献
15.
本试验旨在研究植物精油与丁酸钠的体外协同抑菌效果。采用牛津杯法,测定肉桂醛、百里香酚和香兰素对于4种细菌(大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、产气荚膜梭菌、乳酸菌)的抑菌效果。并将单方和复合植物精油分别与丁酸钠复配,测定其抑菌效果。结果表明:3种植物精油均对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、产气荚膜梭菌有明显抑制作用,但对乳酸菌无抑制作用,在相同浓度下,抑菌效果为肉桂醛香兰素百里香酚。肉桂醛与香兰素复合植物精油抑菌效果优于单方植物精油,当肉桂醛与香兰素的质量比为6∶1时抑菌效果最佳。丁酸钠没有显示出抑菌作用,但丁酸钠与植物精油复合可明显降低植物精油的使用量。综上所述,不同植物精油的复合具有协同作用,植物精油和丁酸钠之间也存在着协同作用。 相似文献
16.
17.
Rinkinen M Jalava K Westermarck E Salminen S Ouwehand AC 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,92(1-2):111-119
Selected probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been shown to elicit positive health effects particularly in humans. Competitive exclusion of pathogens is one of the most important beneficial health claims of probiotic bacteria. The effect of probiotic LAB on competitive exclusion of pathogens has been demonstrated in humans, chicken and pigs. In this study we evaluated the ability of certain LAB strains (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12, Lactobacillus pentosus UK1A, L. pentosus SK2A, Enterococcus faecium M74 and E. faecium SF273) to inhibit the adhesion of selected canine and zoonotic pathogens (Staphylococcus intermedius, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, Clostridium perfringens and Campylobacter jejuni) to immobilised mucus isolated from canine jejunal chyme in vitro. Adhesion of C. perfringens was reduced significantly by all tested LAB strains, between 53.7 and 79.1% of the control without LAB, the LAB of canine origin yielding the best reduction. The adhesion of S. Typhimurium and S. intermedius were not significantly altered by any of the LAB included in the study. Both enterococci tested significantly enhanced the adhesion of C. jejuni, to 134.6 and 205.5% of the control without LAB. E. faecium may thus favor the adhesion and colonization of C. jejuni in the dog's intestine, making it a potential carrier and possibly a source for human infection. Enhanced C. jejuni adhesion is a new potential risk factor of enterococci. Our results further emphasize the importance of safety guidelines to be established for the probiotics intended for animal use. 相似文献
18.
研究嗜酸乳杆菌、禽大肠杆菌O78、大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、鸡白痢沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌与肉鸡不同肠段粘液糖蛋白的粘附性能,探讨嗜酸乳杆菌对四种病原菌的粘附排斥作用.结果表明,在不同的肠道部位,嗜酸乳杆菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌与肠粘液糖蛋白的粘附能力不同,而禽大肠杆菌O78、大肠杆菌ATCC 25922在各肠段粘液上的粘附性能相近;在相同的肠道部位,所试菌与肠粘液糖蛋白的粘附能力有差异,其中嗜酸乳杆菌的粘附作用最强;嗜酸乳杆菌对所试病原菌均有不同程度的粘附排斥作用,其中对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的粘附排斥较强,而对大肠杆菌ATCC25922的则较弱. 相似文献
19.
20.
F D Talkington E B Shotts R E Wooley W K Whitehead C N Dobbins 《American journal of veterinary research》1981,42(8):1302-1305
A fermentation process using Lactobacillus acidophilus added to edible food wastes was evaluated for its bactericidal action on selected gram-positive organisms. The Lactobacillus fermentation converts food wastes into an animal feed ingredient. In this study, 5 gram-positive bacteria of zoonotic importance were individually tested. These organisms were: Group E Streptococcus, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Clostridium perfringens, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, and Listeria monocytogenes. For each experiment, Lactobacillus was first mixed into ground waste; one of the test organisms was then inoculated and mixed. This mixture was divided among eight 5.5-L containers and incubated (duplicates) at 5 C, 10 C, 20 C, and 30 C for 96 hours. Internal waste temperature, reduction-oxidation, and pH were monitored. Waste samples were taken initially and at subsequent 24-hour periods. Qualitative and quantitative recoveries of the test bacteria were attempted for each sample. Group E Streptococcus was reisolated in increasing numbers at all temperatures throughout the fermentation period. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was recovered throughout the 96-hour period at 5 C; at 10 C it was recovered at 24 hours but not at 48 hours. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was killed by 24 hours at 20 C and 30 C fermentation temperatures. Clostridium perfringens survived the entire test period at 5 C, 10 C, and 20 C; it was killed by 72 hours at 30 C. Neither Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis nor Listeria monocytogenes was reisolated at any temperature at any time. 相似文献