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1.
黄海中南部鳀鱼各发育阶段对浮游动物的摄食 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
对1999～2001年在黄海中南部采集的鯷鱼(Engraulis japonicus)消化道进行了分析。产卵场的鯷鱼仔稚鱼和越冬场的成鱼都是主要在白天摄食，胃饱满指数白天明显高于夜间。鯷鱼消化道中的食物团几乎全部由浮游动物组成。鯷鱼偏好的食物随鯷鱼长度的增加而变化。桡足类和它们的卵子、幼体是最大的优势类群。体长小于10mm的鯷鱼仔稚鱼主要摄食桡足类的卵和无节幼体；体长11～20mm的鯷鱼仔稚鱼主要摄食桡足类的桡足幼体和原生动物；叉长21～30mm的鯷鱼主要摄食纺锤水蚤等小型桡足类和甲壳类的蚤状幼体；叉长41～80mm的鯷鱼主要摄食桡足类的桡足幼体；叉长81～90mm的鯷鱼主要摄食中华哲水蚤和桡足幼体；叉长91～100mm的鯷鱼主要摄食中华哲水蚤、胸刺水蚤、真刺水蚤等较大的桡足类；叉长101～120mm的鯷鱼主要摄食中华哲水蚤、胸剌水蚤、太平洋磷虾、细长脚域；叉长大于121mm的鯷鱼主要摄食太平洋磷虾和细长脚Song。 相似文献
2.
对人工饲养条件下牙鲆(Paralichthysolivaceus)早期发育阶段摄食节律进行实验研究。在水温15.0~17.5℃条件下,初孵仔鱼约经5~6d开口摄食,开口饵料为经120目筛网过滤的褶皱臂尾轮虫,17~20d投喂卤虫无节幼体,21d后开始投喂桡足类直至幼鱼阶段,通过对1090尾仔、稚、幼鱼的测定,统计结果得出:饵料充足时饱食个体占65.8%,日间摄食率达93.7%,10日龄后[全长大于(5.20±0.24)mm]牙鲆日间的摄食率达100%,空胃个体主要出现在10日龄前。仔、稚鱼在早晨8:00和下午16:00出现两个摄食高峰,夜间基本不摄食。幼鱼夜间摄食则比较活跃,摄食量与仔、稚鱼相比明显增加,下午16:00仍为幼鱼摄食高峰,实验结果表明,牙鲆仔、稚、幼鱼具有明显的摄食节律,呈现白天摄食为主,清晨和黄昏双高峰的特点。 相似文献
3.
山东半岛南部癆鱼产卵场癆鱼仔、稚鱼摄食的研究 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10
研究了山东半岛南部Ti鱼产卵场体长2．5－17．9mm的Ti鱼仔、稚鱼的摄食。Ti鱼仔、稚鱼主要饵料为原生动物的鼎形虫、单角铠甲虫、三角铠甲虫。小型桡足类的卵、桡足类的无节幼体和桡足幼体。桡足类种类为墨氏胸刺水蚤、小拟哲水蚤、克氏纺锤水蚤、双刺纺锤水蚤和拟长腹剑蚤等小型类桡足类。各种饵料所占的个数的百分比为：鼎形虫2．2％，单角铠甲虫7．6％，三角铠甲虫3．3％，桡足类的卵42．2％，无节幼体30．4％，桡足幼体14．1％，Ti鱼仔、稚鱼的摄食率为16．2％，摄食活动主要在白天，在水的中下层进行。由于摄食率低，肠道饱满度差，饥锇可能是引起Ti鱼仔、稚鱼死亡的主要原因。 相似文献
4.
俄罗斯鲟的细胞遗传学分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
实验对人工饲养条件下牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)早期发育阶段摄食节律进行研究。在水温14.4~17.6℃条件下,初孵仔鱼约经5~6d开口摄食,开口饵料为经120目筛网过滤的褶皱臂尾轮虫(Bruchionus plicatilis),17~20d投喂卤虫无节幼体(Artemianauplii),21d后开始投喂桡足类(Copepoda)直至幼鱼阶段。通过对1 090尾仔、稚、幼鱼的测定、统计结果得出:饵料充足时饱食个体占65.8%,日间摄食率达93.7%,10日龄后[全长大于(5.20±0.24)mm],牙鲆日间的摄食率达100%,空胃个体主要出现在10日龄前。仔、稚鱼在早晨8:00和下午16:00出现两个摄食高峰,夜间基本不摄食。幼鱼夜间摄食则比较活跃,摄食量与仔、稚鱼相比明显增加,下午16:00仍为幼鱼摄食高峰。实验结果表明,牙鲆仔、稚、幼鱼具有明显的摄食节律,呈现白天摄食为主,清晨和黄昏双高峰的特点。 相似文献
5.
池养条件下革胡子鲶仔幼鱼摄食习性与生长的初步研究 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
本文报道了在人工饲养条件下革胡子鲶仔幼鱼的摄食习性和生长的研究结果。仔鱼孵出2或3日,尚残存卵黄囊时即行开口摄食。仔鱼适口的开食饵料是轮虫,随着鱼体的生长,摄食枝角类、桡足类和摇蚊幼虫的比例迅速增加。幼鱼昼夜摄食强度有一定的节律,夜间18:00～22:00时摄食强度最大。经测量和数理统计分析,确定革胡子鲶仔幼鱼的全长与日龄呈直线关系,体重与日龄和全长对体重的关系均为幂函数关系,并计算出它们相应的回归方程式。 相似文献
6.
菜州湾黄河口区幼鱼可分为浮游动物食性、底栖动物食性、混合食性和游泳动物食性４个类群。主要饵料生物为浮游动物、长尾类和仔幼鱼。浮游动物食性和游泳动物食性类群饵料重叠最严重,重叠系数在０．０９以上。底栖动物食性类产有一定的偏离,重叠系数在０．４５～０．７２之间。小黄鱼、虎鱼类等幼鱼由于都以摄食长尾类和仔幼鲑为主,重叠系数在０．８以上。幼鱼的营养级在２．１～３．２之间平均比海成鱼营养级低０．４３。这是由 相似文献
7.
匙吻鲟幼鱼饵料培育及投喂技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
简要描述了匙吻鲟仔幼鱼摄食器官发育特征与摄食习性,总结出相关的幼鱼饵料池塘配套培育及投喂技术,关键是把握施肥时机、筛选并投喂足量适口饵料、严密监测浮游生物大小与种类组成。 相似文献
8.
幼体营养在养殖中是—个有挑战性的课题。在过去10年间，很多对幼体营养的研究涉及到开口喂养的工作。这些研究在评价幼鱼营养需求的知识方面是有所建树的。对幼鱼的营养需求加以量化是不容易的。尽管如此，人们相信开口摄食的幼体的最适饵料组成应模拟卵黄成分， 相似文献
9.
在水温14．8-21．2℃,比重1．008-1．013条件下,采用轮虫、微颗粒饲料、卤虫无节幼体及桡足类,以不同配比组成3组不同的饵料系列投喂香鱼仔、稚鱼。结果表明:采用轮虫 配合饲料-桡足类 配合饲料的系列饵料,在仔稚幼鱼生长速度和成活率等方面优于单纯使用生物饵料组成的饵料系列,并且可以降低育苗成本。 相似文献
10.
在水温14.8~21.2℃,比重1.008~1.013条件下,采用轮虫、微颗粒配合饲料、卤虫无节幼体及桡足类,以不同配比组成3组不同的饵料系列投喂香鱼仔、稚鱼。结果表明:采用轮虫 配合饲料-桡足类 配合饲料饵料系列的,其仔稚幼鱼生长速度和成活率均优于单纯使用生物饵料组成的饵料系列,并可降低育苗成本。 相似文献
11.
<正> 大力发展海水养殖业中,鲻鱼作为单养和混养的优良品种,受到了国内外的重视,主要存在的问题是还未解决人工育苗关。大量资料反映:鲻鱼在孵化后2～3天和7～10天间存活率有大幅度下降的现象,第二次死亡的原因至今尚未查明。为此,进一步 相似文献
12.
Sellappah Sivalingam 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1975,5(4):345-357
Mullets have so far been recorded in the brackish water areas only and of the 8 species identified, Liza falcipinnis is the most abundant. Mullet fry (mixed species) are available throughout the year but in greater quantities between March and July. It is estimated that enough fry to stock more than 10 000 ha for polyculture can be collected from the coastal areas. With a view to culturing them in fresh water, it has been possible to acclimatize them to fresh water. This offers good prospects of culturing mullets together with common carp, catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) and cichlias (Tilapia sp.)Polyculture trials in brackishwater ponds in Lagos indicate that the natural entry of mullet fry with the tide could result in productions of up to 239 kg ha?1 year?1 in addition to that of other species, without supplementary feed or fertilizer. Stocking of mullet fry increased the mullet yield. Experiments indicate that supplementary feed also increases both yield and average size. Predators such as Sphyraena sp. reduce mullet population in fish ponds and also their yield. 相似文献
13.
《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3):97-103
Methyltestosterone-treated feed was fed at four different feeding frequencies to Oreochromis niloticus fry held in hapas in order to evaluate the effect on sex reversal and on growth. Sex reversal rates greater than 97% were obtained for feeding rates ranging from 2 times/day, 5 days/week, to 4 times/day, 7 days/week. Greatest growth and lowest feed conversion occured when the fry were fed 4 times/day vs. 2 times/day. Fish were graded to sizes &#le; 15 mm and > 15 mm at the end of the 30-day treatment period and later sexed. There was no difference in the percent males between small or large fish. 相似文献
14.
本文对池养条件下白鲫Carassiusc cassius cuvieri(Temminok et Sohlegel)食性相生长及其饲养进行了研究。体长与年龄呈直线关系，体重与年龄呈指数关系。白鲫食性随着生长发育进程而有一定的阶段性，摄食强度呈现出随体长和体重的增长而变弱的趋势．生长亦有差异，幼鱼生长过程因发育阶段而异，前期较后期快；性成熟后生长缓慢，雄鱼更甚．其体长与体重关系为：幼鱼W=0．00001314L3.2428；成鱼W=0．00002232L^2.9397。在渔业生产上对鱼苗和鱼种的饲养过程分为三个阶段似较合理．成鱼饲养中作为搭养鱼类，投放春片鱼种具有显著的增产效果和较高的经济价值． 相似文献
15.
Abdel-Fattah M El-Sayed 《Aquaculture Research》2002,33(8):621-626
The effects of stocking density and feeding levels on larval survival, growth rates, feed utilization efficiency and body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fry were investigated in two consecutive experiments. In experiment 1, swimup fry (0.016 g average body weight) were stocked in 20‐L fibreglass tanks, in a closed, recirculating indoor system, at five stocking densities (3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 fry L?1) and fed a larval test diet (40% crude protein) to apparent satiation, three times a day, for 40 days. Fish survival, percentage weight gain and specific growth rate (% SGR) were negatively correlated with stocking density. The best performance was achieved at 3 fry L?1. However, no significant differences in growth parameters were found between 3 and 5 fry L?1. Body composition was not significantly affected by stocking density. In experiment 2, fry (0.016 g average body weight) were stocked at 5 fry L?1, and fed a larval test diet (40% crude protein) at six feeding levels (10%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% BW day?1) and to satiation, three times a day for 40 days. Fish growth rates and survival were extremely poor at 10% feeding level, and improved significantly with increasing feeding levels up to 30%, and levelled off with further increase in feeding levels. On the contrary, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein production value (PPV) were negatively correlated with feeding level. The lowest feeding level (10%) produced significantly lower body lipid and higher protein and ash than other feeding levels. The present results suggest that the optimum stocking density and feeding level of Nile tilapia fry are 5 fry L?1 and 30% per day respectively. 相似文献
16.
This experiment, designed for the first time in the Middle East region to sustain Coregonus lavaretus production, examined the efficacy of a live organism ( Brachionus plicatilis ), an artificial diet (48% crude protein) and a mixed feed for the first 3 month of rearing fry. Nine rearing cages were floated on the surface of a natural pond supplied with hyporheic-zone river water, each containing 150 numbers of white fish fry, where they were treated with each of the three diets in triplicates. The fry were fed eight times daily starting at the onset of exogenous feeding. Results showed that fry utilized live organisms more efficiently than the artificial and mixed diets. Rotifer-fed group consistently showed higher growth rate during the entire experiment. Length increment (29.6 mm), weight gain (572.3 mg) after 12 weeks of feeding were higher ( P < 0.05) in this group. Also, their mean weekly specific growth rate (4.97% day−1 ) was the highest and feed conversion rate (2.97) was the lowest among all treatments. Survival rates of the fry declined from 75% to 61.4%, from 74.3 to 45.8% and from 72.7 to 54.5% for live feed, mixed diet and artificial diet, respectively. 相似文献
17.
18.
Charles C. Mischke T. E. Greenway M. J. Griffin M. H. Li D. J. Wise 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(5):750-755
We compared production variables between channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, nursery ponds fed according to industry standards, that is feeding immediately at stocking, to an alternative practice of delaying feeding for 6 wk after stocking in an effort to utilize natural pond productivity and reduce feed use. Twelve 0.04 ha ponds were fertilized and stocked with swim‐up fry (4–5 d posthatch) at a rate of 10,000/pond (250,000/ha). Ponds were then randomly assigned to either the standard feeding protocol (feeding daily starting immediately at stocking) or an alternative feeding protocol (no feeding until 6 wk post‐stocking). After 18 wk of production, there were no differences in water quality or zooplankton abundance between the two treatments. Fish length was not affected by treatment throughout the study, and survival and total weight harvested were similar. Total kg of feed fed was significantly reduced in the delayed feed treatment, averaging 26 kg/pond less feed fed. If proper fertilization practices are implemented, large numbers of desirable zooplankton for catfish fry culture are attained, and these zooplankton are able to sustain catfish fry stocked up to 250,000/ha. Therefore, no commercial diets are required during the first 6 wk of culture, saving over $95.55/ha in initial feed costs. 相似文献
19.
报道了大银鱼混合营养期投喂小球藻,金藻,裸藻以及微粒仿生饲料的实验结果,其效果依次为金藻〉微粒仿生饲料〉小球藻〉裸藻。并观察了混合营养期仔鱼的形态变化,为大水面移植和小水体养殖大银鱼提供了理论依据。 相似文献
20.
This is the second of a series of investigations into the biology of young grey mullet, Mugil cephalus L., and the feasibility of its culture in the coastal, estuarine waters of Sri Lanka. The food and feeding habits of mullet, 20–55 mm in length, from the coastal Negombo Lagoon (7° 10′ N; 79° 50′ E) were studied from November 1974 to October 1975.The feeding intensity, estimated as the number of food organisms found in stomachs per feeding individual, followed a seasonal pattern with the intensity increasing from April onward and reaching a peak during June–August. Over 80% of the individuals were found to feed throughout the year. The diet consisted of 18 genera of diatoms, eight genera of green algae, some desmids, six genera of blue-green algae and eight other food groups. No sand or detritus was found to occur in fish smaller than 25 mm in length, and the percentage occurrence of detritus and/or sand particles increased with increase in body length. Quantitatively and qualitatively, diatoms were the most predominant food items, accounting for more than 50% of the total diet. Although only one genus of Xanthophyceae was found to occur in the diet, its contribution was significant.M. cephalus was found to show diurnal periodicity in feeding activity; peaks of activity occurred at dawn and around midday and were unrelated to the state of the tide.The significance of the nature of the diet and the occurrence of two peaks of feeding activity within a 24-h period is evaluated in the light of present knowledge of the food and feeding behaviour of M. cephalus at various stages of growth, and the possibilities of polyculture with other herbivorous species is discussed briefly. 相似文献