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1.
AIM: To explore the mechanism of the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis induced by human C5b-9 complex in glomerular mesangial cells(MC) of rats. METHODS: The MC of rats were cultured and stimulated with human complement C5b-9 complex to induce TNFα and IL-1β. At the same time, several parameters related to NO synthesis were measured at 3 h, 6 h and 24 h after C5b-9 stimulation. The effects of monoclonal antibodies against TNFα and IL-1β on NO synthesis were examined in this system. RESULTS: TNFα concentration in supernatant from MC in C5b-9 group was higher than that of control group at 6, 24 h after stimulation with C5b-9 complex and reversed by adding anti-TNFα McAb. C5b-9 complex didn't stimulate the release of IL-1β in same system. In addition, the expression of iNOS mRNA in MC was observed at 3 h after stimulation with C5b-9. Levels of iNOS mRNA expression and cGMP in MC and NO3-/NO2- in supernatant from MC in C5b-9 group were higher than those in control group at 6, 24 h after C5b-9 stimulation, these changes were also reversed by adding monoclonal antibody against TNFα. CONCLUSION: C5b-9 complex could induce iNOS mRNA expression at 3 h after C5b-9 stimulation, and the synthesis of NO at 6, 24 h was related to TNFα released from cultured MC of rats by C5b-9 complex to a certain extent.  相似文献   

2.
AIM: To explore the effect of antiserum against rat complement C5b-9 complexes on nitric oxide synthesis and pathologic changes in renal tissue of rats with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. METHEDS: The rat model of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis,namely,anti-thymocyte serum nephritis(ATSN) was established and the rats with ATSN were treated with antiserum against complement C5b-9 complexes. Some parameters related to NO and pathologic changes of the rats were observed.RESULTS: Anti-C5b-9 serum not only reduced the expression of inducible NO synthase(iNOS) mRNA in renal tissue and urinary content of nitrate/nitrite(NO3-/ NO2-) of rats with ATSN, but also reduced renal pathologic changes. L-N G-nitro arginine methylester (L-NAME) also reduced the contents of urinary NO3-/NO2- and the renal pathologic changes of rats with ATSN. CONCLUSION: The antiserum against rat complement C5b-9 complexes inhibited glomerular NO synthesis and glomerular mesangial cell proliferation of rats with ATSN.  相似文献   

3.
AIM: To approach the changes of ET and NO levels of mice bearing sarcoma 180 (S180 ) during different period(5、10 and 15 days) and the relationship between ET、NO and tumor’s development METHODS: Adopting mice bearing S180 as the models, the levels of ET and NO2-/NO3- in serum were detected, and the weight of isolated tumors was measured On the basis of the regulation of these changes, their relationships were explored RESULTS: The levels of ET and NO2-/NO3- of mice bearing S180 were higher than that of the control group (not bearing tumor) ( P< 0.05) Along with the development of the tumors, the levels of NO2-/NO3-and tumors weight both increased ( P< 0 05) ET also had an increasing tendency There was a positive correlation between the level of NO2-/NO3- and tumor weight ( r =0.995, P< 0.05) Ratio value of (NO2-/NO3-)/ET decreased at first and then increased CONCLUSION: ET and NO have links with the development of S180 There may be cooperation between ET and NO during the development of tumor.  相似文献   

4.
AIM: To observe the kinetic alteration of nitric oxide formation in the lungs in the development of pulmonary fibrosis in the rat. METHODS: The contents of hydroxyproline in the lungs, NO2-/NO3- (nitrite/nitrate) in out-flowing and in-flowing pulmonary blood (OPB, IPB) were assayed on the day 7, 14, 21, 30 and 70 after intratracheal administration of bleomycin A5 . The content of NO2-/NO3- in supernatants of culture of the alveolar macrophages (AMs) and the amount of iNOS positive stain cells in lung tissue section were also observed in the rat on 14th day after-bleomycin A5 administration. RESULTS: The content of lung hydroxyproline had no change on the 7th day, increased on the 14th day (P＜0.05), increased significantly on the 21th day, 30th day and 70th day post-bleomycin A5 compared with control rats. On the 7th day and 14th day, the content of NO- 2 /NO3- increased in OPB and decreased in IPB (P＜0.01). On the 21th day, the content of NO2-/NO3- abated in OPB (P＞0.05) but still decreased in IPB (P＜0.01). On the 30th day and the 70th day, the NO2-/NO3- level recovered both in OPB and IPB. AMs from rats on the 14th day post-bleomycin A5 showed significant elevation (P＜0.01) in NO2-/NO3- level. The amount of iNOS positive stain cells increased in rats on the 14th day post-bleomycin A5. CONCLUSION: The amount of NO in the lungs was high in the initial phase of fibroproliferative reaction induced by bleomycin A5 ,and these might be associated with the enhanced ability of AMs to release NO and the increased amount of iNOS.  相似文献   

5.
AIM: To study the role of high level of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in the development of pulmonary fibrosis in rats. METHODS: The content of nitrite/nitrate (NO2-/NO3-) in out-flowing pulmonary blood (OPB) was assayed by nitric acid reduction method. The apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells was observed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and electron microscopy, respectively. The above indices were observed on the day 14 and the day 30 after intratracheal administration of BLMA5 alone or along with blockade of iNOS by aminoguanidine (AG) in rats. RESULTS: (1) Both the content of NO2-/NO3- in OPB and the number of apoptotic alveolar epithelial cells in lung were increased in BLMA5 14 d group, compared with normal control group and BLMA5 30 d group, respectively (P<0.05). The high level of NO2-/NO3- in OPB and the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells were ameliorated by AG. CONCLUSION: The apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cell is induced by high level of endogenous NO in the development of pulmonary fibrosis.  相似文献   

6.
AIM: To explore the localization and semi-quantification of the glomerular complement C5b-9 complexes and synthesis of some inflammatory mediators or cytokines such as nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNFα) in the rats with anti-thymocyte serum nephritis(ATSN). METHODS: The animal model of rat ATSN was reproduced by a single intravenous injection of anti-thymocyte serum (ATS). Then, the deposits of glomerular C5b-9 complexes were localized and quantified by immunohistochemical staining and microscopic image scanning separately. And the glomerular mesangial cells (MC) surrounded by C5b-9 complexes were counted under microscope. In addition, the expression of glomerular MC inducible NO synthase(iNOS) mRNA and excretion of urinary NO metabolite (NO-2／NO-3) and TNF α in the rats with ATSN were detected. RESULTS: The MC in the rats with ATSN emerged necrosis followed by a rapid proliferation. In the early time of MC injury, the C5b-9 complexes were mainly seen in glomerular mesangium and MC surface. But with the progression of ATSN, the MC enclosed by C5b-9 appeared gradual decrease. Moreover, the expression of MC iNOS mRNA in early stage of ATSN obviously increased and the excretion of urinary NO-2／NO-3 and TNF α also significantly increased. However, the changes of parameters mentioned above in ATSN proliferative stage (after 7 days) alleviated gradually. CONCLUSION: The secondary lysis of MC has relation to the deposition of C5b-9 complexes and synthesis and release of NO and TNF α in rats with ATSN.  相似文献   

7.
AIM:To explore the effects of levcromakalim(Lev) on pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAEC) and smooth muscle cells (PASMC) exposed to hypoxia and the mechanisms involved.METHODS:The effects of Lev on [Ca2+]i, and expression of PKCα, eNOS, iNOS and PDGF-B mRNA and protein levels were observed. The nitrite (NO2-) and entothelin-1(ET-1) concentrations in supernatant in cultured PAEC and PASMC were measured. The proliferation and apoptosis of PASMC was also detected.RESULTS:When PASMC were exposed to hypoxia, Lev reduced concentration of ET-1 in cultured cell supernatant, lowed the expression of PKCα, iNOS and PDGF-B both at mRNA and protein levels, decreased [Ca2+]i concentration, increased proliferation and promoted the apoptosis in PASMC. However, in the presence of Lev, the [Ca2+]i concentration was not changed in the hypoxic PAEC. The NO2- concentration in cultured cell supernant and expression of eNOS at mRNA and protein levels in hypoxic PASMC and PAEC were also unchanged. The downregulated ET-1 activity in PASMC and PAEC and proliferation in PASMC involved in the inhibition of PKCα signaling pathway.CONCLUSIONS:Lev reduce some disadvatage effect of hypoxia on PASMC and PAEC. The mechanism of Lev action may partly involve in the downregulation of PKCα signaling functions.  相似文献   

8.
AIM: To study the up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lung of pulmonary fibrosis and its relationship with fibrosis. METHODS: The changes of amount of iNOS positive stain cells and type Ⅰ?Ⅲ collagen were examined on the day 7, 14 and 30 after intratracheal administration of bleomycin A5. The contents of NO2-/NO3- (nitrite/nitrate) in out-flowing pulmonary blood (OPB), hydroxyproline in lung and the histological changes were detected after iNOS was blocked by aminoguanidine (AG). RESULTS: (1) The number of iNOS-positive stain cells increased significantly in BLMA5 7 d, 14 d and 30 d groups compared with that in control group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the increment of the number of iNOS-positive stain cells in BLMA5 7 d, 14 d groups was more than that in BLMA5 30 d group. There was an increment of collagen in BLMA5 14 d group and in BLMA5 30 d group , with an increase in type Ⅲ collagen in BLMA5 14 d group and an increase in type Ⅰcollagen in BLMA5 30 d group. (2) The high level of NO2-/NO3- in OPB and hydroxyproline level in lung could be reversed by AG, a selective inhibitor of iNOS. Large amount of fibroblasts and macrophages were also abated by AG. CONCLUSION: In the development of pulmonary fibrosis, the expression of iNOS is up-regulated, which induces nitric oxide (NO) production and promotes propagation of pulmonary fibrosis.  相似文献   

9.
AIM:To investigate the effect of Se-containing spirulina phycocyanin (Se-SPC) on liver injury of mice induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). METHODS:The mouse model was conducted by intragastric feeding with 2% CCl4 oil for three times, meanwhile Se-SPC, spirulina phycocyanin (SPC) and Na2SeO3 were injected (ip) to various groups for 7 days. Then selenium (Se), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondiaoldehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in blood and liver were measured. RESULTS:The level of Se,GPx and SOD activities were obviously higher(P<0.05)but ALT activity,MDA and NO2-/NO3- levels were remarkably lower(P<0.05)in Se-SPC treated groups than those in CCl4 groups,and effects of high dose Se-SPC on Se,GPx,MDA and NO2-/NO3- were even more significant(P<0.01).Under the same dose of Se or protein,effects of all selected targets in Se-SPC groups were more efficient than those in SPC groups and inorganic-Se groups.Furthermore,Se levels had a positive correlation with GPx activity(r=01705),which had negative correlation with levels of MDA,NO2-/NO3- and ALT(r=-0.629,r=-0.336,r=-0.457,respectively), and positive correlations between ALT activity and MDA or NO2-/NO3- level were found (r=0.519,r=0.641). CONCLUSION:These results indicated that Se-SPC may attenuate liver injury of mice induced by CCl4 through its anti-inflammatory action and enhancing selenoenzyme expression.  相似文献   

10.
AIM: To study the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on mitochondrial damage caused by exogenous calcium. METHODS: Normal myocardial mitochondria were divided into three groups; L-arginine control group (CG), Ca2＋-damaged group (DG) and L-NAME-preserved group (PG). Mitochondria of all groups were incubated at 30 ℃ with reaction medium containing 20 μmol/L EDTA, 100 μmol/L CaCl2 and 1 μmol/L L-NAME with 100 μmol/L CaCl2 respectively. Then the NO2-/NO3- contents, mitochondrial viability and membrane potential were investigated. RESULTS: The NO2-/NO3- contents of DG was obviously higher than that of CG and PG, meanwhile, there was no obvious difference between CG and PG. Mitochondrial viability and membrane potential of DG were significantly lower than that of CG and PG, and negatively related to NO-2/NO-3 contents (r=-0.5297, P＜0.01; r=-0.6041, P＜0.01). But, the mitochondrial viability and membrane potential of PG were still lower than that of CG. CONCLUSION: Exogenous calcium could activate mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase resulting in NO production and the latter play an important role in decreasing mitochondrial viability and membrane potential.  相似文献   

11.
AIM: To investigate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic rats induced by LPS. METHODS: The cirrhotic model of rats was established by complex pathogeny. Since the end of the 8 th week, the rats were intragastrically-infused with 0.9% salt, L-arginine(L-arg) and LNNA respectively for 2 weeks.The hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic rats were induced by 3 mg/kg LPS (ip) 4 hours before the rats were sacrificed. RESULTS: The normal behaviors and electroencephalograph were appeared in L-arg group. LNNA group showed hepatic encephalopathy. The content of NO2-/NO3- of brain tissue was markedly higher in L-arg group than LNNA group(P<0.05), but the content of histamine in brain tissue was lower in L-arg group than LNNA group(P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the content of histamine in brain tissue and the content of NO2-/NO3- of brain tissue. CONCLUSION: NO can prevent hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic rats induced by LPS.  相似文献   

12.
AIM:To observe the changes of iNOS and eNOS in lung tissue and NO in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in smoking rats.METHODS:80 Wistar rats were divided into control, smoking group, L-NIL group and L-NAME group (rats were exposed to smoke and injected (i.p.) with selective iNOS inhibitor L-NIL or NOS inhibitor L-NAME). iNOS and eNOS protein levels in whole lung were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and NOS mRNA was quantified using RT-PCR. In addition, NO2-/NO3- was determined using Griess assay.RESULTS:The expression of iNOS mRNA and protein in smoking rats increased, the expression of eNOS mRNA and eNOS protein decreased, and the total cell count and the level of NO2-/NO3-in BALF increased(P＜0.05). In vivo, L-NIL reduced the total cell count and NO2-/NO3- in BALF (P＜0.05), while L-NAME had no effect on them.CONCLUSION:Cigarette smoke increased expression of iNOS mRNA and protein and decreased expression of eNOS mRNA and protein. The large amount of NO generated by iNOS may amplify inflammation in lung tissue.  相似文献   

13.
AIM: To investigate the effects of extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) on diaphragm from diabetic rats. METHODS: Sprague-Dauley rats were divided into three groups: normal control, diabetic group and EGb treatment group. The morphologic changes of diaphragm tissues were studied by light and electron microscopy, the activities of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO2-/NO3-) in the diaphragm mitochondria were assayed by spectophotometer, respectively. RESULTS: The activities of SOD, SDH decreased in diabetic diaphragm mitochondria, but the activitiy of NOS, the contents of NO2-/NO3-, MDA increased compared with control group. The activities of SOD, SDH were increased as well as NOS were decreased and the contents of NO2-/NO3-, MDA decreased in EGb treatment group compared with the diabetic group. CONCLUSION: EGb may protects the diaphragm mitochondria of diabetic rats by enhancing the function of respiratory chain, anti-oxidation and decreasing NO level.  相似文献   

14.
采用营养液培养方法研究氮素形态配比对莴笋产量和品质及养分含量的影响。结果表明:不同处理降低莴笋产量4.5%～13.2%,降低莴笋根重29.8%～48.2%,处理6除外;处理2和处理3莴笋VC含量提高15.6%～16.2%,,处理2增加莴笋可溶性糖含量14.0%,处理4降低莴笋氨基酸含量24.0%;不同氮素形态配比处理均降低莴笋硝酸盐含量达7.5%～42.0%,降低营养中硝态氮比例,增加铵态氮或者酰胺态氮比例提高莴笋全氮含量,对全磷和全钾含量影响不一致。综合分析表明,处理2（NH4+:NO3-=2（Cl）:8）为最佳处理。  相似文献   

15.
AIM:To study the protective effect of Ligustrazini(LGT) on gut barrier function after hemorrhagic shock-reperfusion. METHODS: Thirty white rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: control group (A),shock group (B) and LGT group (C). Malondialdehyde(MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα), interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and nitric oxide products(NO2-/NO3-) contents were measured in intestinal mucosa at 3 hours following reperfusion,culture of bacteria in blood from rabbits of 3 groups was carried out,the intestinal mucosa was examined under optical and electron microscope. RESULTS: MDA, TNFα, IL-1β and NO2-/NO3- contents of intestinal mucosa remained unchanged in group C,but increased significantly in group B, compared with group A. Incidence of bacterial translocation in group B was markedly higher than that in group A at 30 min following reperfusion,there was not any difference between group A and group C. Under light and electronic microscope,in comparison with A and C groups,intestinal mucosa damage in B group became more severe. CONCLUSION: LGT can protect gut barrier from intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by hemorrhagic shock through reducing oxygen free radicals,raising nitric oxide and preventing inflammation.  相似文献   

16.
AIM: To investigate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) in ocular inflammation after intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: All New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into three groups: 1. control group, 2. L-arginine (L-Arg) group, 3. N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) group. Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (IOL) were operated in all animals of each groups. The inflammatory response of all rabbit eyes, including cornea edema and anterior chamber exudation were investigated 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 days afteroperation. Meanwhile, aqueous humor was drawn for white blood cell (WBC) counting and classifying, as well as for NO2-/NO3- measurement. RESULTS:NO2-/NO3- contents, total WBC and anterior chamber exudation in aqueous humor of L-Arg group were higher than that in control group. While that of L-NNA group were lower than that in control group.CONCLUSION:NO plays a role in intraocular inflammatory response after intraocular lens implantation. L-NNA, a nitric oxide synthase exhibitor, decreased NO contents, therefore it may reduce intraocular inflammatory response after intraocular lens implantation.  相似文献   

17.
AIM: To observe free radicals (MDA, NO) and iNOS of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and to explore its significance. METHODS: MDA, NO2-/NO3- and iNOS were determined in SARS patients during the early, recovery and follow-up stage, front doctors and nurses (contact group) and health people (health control). RESULTS: The level of MDA during first stage was higher than that of recovery stage and the MDA level of recovery stage was higher than that of follow-up stage, contact group, and health control group (P<0.01). The content of NO2-/NO3- during early stage was higher than that of other groups, and the NO2-/NO3- contents of recovery stage, follow-up stage were higher than that of contact group and health control group (P<0.01), respectively. The mean of iNOS during early stage was highest than that of other stages (P<0.01) and the mean of recovery stage was higher than that of contact group (P<0.05), there were no difference in iNOS activity among any other groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The pathological injury in pathogenesis of SARS is related to free radicals.  相似文献   

18.
AIM: To study the protective effects of taurine-magnesium complex (TMC) on endothelium and hemorheology in rats. METHODS: A model of the endothelial damage was made by means of giving rats an injection of adrenaline and making them swim in ice-cold water, then number of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) in whole blood, plasma ET-1 and NO2-/NO3- content, NOS activity and rheology were determined, respectively. The protective effects of TMC were also observed. RESULTS: An increase in the number of CEC accompanied by abnormal whole blood viscosity, and endothelium-derived ET-1 were observed in model rats. Both the NO2-/NO3- content and NOS activity were declined significantly in model rats. TMC reduced the number of CEC, resumed NO2-/NO3- content and NOS activity, and improved the whole blood viscosity in a dose-dependent manner in model rats. CONCLUSION: Ice-cold water bath with adrenaline causes an acute damage of vascular endothelium and abnoramal rheology. TMC protects against the injury of vascular endothelium and improves the hemorheology.  相似文献   

19.
AIM:To observe the changes in nitric oxide(NO) and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO- ) in the injuried lung following the ischemia-reperfusion of hind limbs and evaluate the contribution of NO and ONOO- to tissue injury.METHODS:A model of hind limbs ischemia was made by clamping infrarenal aorta with a microvascular clip and lung injury occurring after reperfusion.Lung t issue was obtained from the animals received sham operation(group 1),4 hours ischemia without reperfusion(group2),1 hour reperfusion following 4 hours ischemia(group3)and 4 hours reperfusion fol owing 4 hours ischemia(group4).The contents of MDA,NO2-/NO3- and the activities of SOD in the lung were examined.Immunohistochemical echnique was used to determine the immunoreactivity to iNOS and nitrotyrosine(NT)-a specific "footprint" of peroxynitrite.RESULTS:Compared with group1 and group2,the contents of MDA and NO2-/NO3- increased significantly (P<0.05) and the activities of SOD decreased markedly(P＜0.05) in group3 and group4.Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated intense staining for iNOS and NT throughout the lung in group3 and group4.CONCLUSION:NO and ONOO- are involved in oxidant-mediated lung injury following reperfusion of ischemic hind limbs.  相似文献   

20.
AIM:To observe the dynamic changes of plasma levels of nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin (ET-1) in portal veins of the rats during prehepatic portal hypertension, and investigate the role of them in hyperdynamic circulation.METHODS:The models of prehepatic portal hypertension were established in Sprague-Dawley rats by means of partial portal vein ligation (PVL). The plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate (NO2-/NO3-) and ET-1 in the portal veins were detected by the method of nitric reductase and radioimmunoassay, respectively. In this study, rats were divided into normal, sham operation (SO) and PVL group. SO and PVL rats were divided into several subgroups according to different time after operations. Meanwhile, the changes of several hemodynamic indexes in these rats were also measured.RESULTS:The levels of NO2-/NO3- were significantly increased and ET-1 were significantly decreased in rats at different time after PVL compared with normal control, whereas the hemodynamic indexes changed accordingly.CONCLUSION:The portal hypertensive rats are in hyperdynamic circulatory state (HCS). NO and ET-1 may play an important role in the induction and maintenance of HCS.  相似文献   

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