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1.
加强森林生物多样性的保护，对保护生物多样性具有十分重要的作用。四川地处我国西南林区的主体部分，森林资源丰厚，森林生态系统复杂，使森林生物在物种、生态系统和跗信息等三个层次上具有丰富度与多样性。为适应我国生物多样性的保护形势及要求，对四川的森林生物多样性保护工作从八个方面探讨其策略。 相似文献
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不同尺度生物多样性监测研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生物多样性是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础和环境保障, 构建合理有效的生物多样性监测指标体系是实现科学保护生物多样性的基础。文中从全球、地区/国家、生态系统3个尺度对国际上生物多样性监测指标体系研究的最新进展进行了回顾, 评述各尺度生物多样性保护监测指标体系的优缺点, 提出了在生态系统尺度上建立森林生物多样性保护监测指标体系的必要性。 相似文献
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加强森林生物多样性的保护,对保护生物多样性具有十分重要的作用。四川地处我国西南林区的主体部份,森林资源丰厚,森林生态系统复杂,使森林生物在物种、生态系统和遗传信息等三个层次上具有丰富度与多样性。为适应我国生物多样性的保护形势及要求,对四川的森林生物多样性保护工作从八个方面探讨其策略。 相似文献
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我国森林资源的分布面积广阔，在维护生态平衡、改善人类居住环境以及保护地球物种多样性方面具有不可替代的重要作用。目前，我国的经济生产活动已经影响到了森林生态系统的平衡。发展理念的改变促使我国的诸多政策倾向于促进生态文明发展，有关森林生态系统类型的研究更是促进了森林经营技术的发展。实践经验表明，有关森林生态系统的研究能够帮助保护和修复自然保护区的生物多样性，基于此，将详细介绍我国森林生态系统保护的必要性，并为生物多样性的监测和分析提供理论基础。 相似文献
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森林生态采伐与森林生物多样性保护 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
本文论述了森林生态采伐对森林生物多样性保护的重要性和必要性。森林生态采伐有利于森林生态系统的平衡；有利于保护森林生物的多样性；有利于森林生态资源的可持续发展。 相似文献
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在整个陆地生态系统中,森林是重要组成部分,也是自然界物质和能量的重要枢纽,对维持和改善生态环境起着核心和决定性作用。对森林生物多样性的重视和保护,是环境与生物多样性保护最重要的部分之一,也是人类自身生存的需要和社会进步的标志。森林可持续发展主要是指森林生态系统 相似文献
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在扶贫和生物多样性保护之间进行权衡不是一件简单的事情。大约有10亿贫困人口3全部或部分依靠森林产品来维持生计，这样很容易导致资源的过度开发。其中，许多人生活在生物多样性极其丰富的热带地区，为了防止资源过度开发并保护生物多样性，必须为他们提供一种可持续地依靠这些资源谋生的方式。因此，可持续地经营森林，并发展林业中小企业是一种很有前途的选择，既可缓解贫困，又可保护环境。 相似文献
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森林生态系统与生物多样性保护 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
森林生态系统是地球陆地生态系统的主体,我国具有热带、亚热带、暖温带、温带和寒温带森林生态系统,也是生物物种资源最丰富、最多样的系统。我国森林生态系统有16大类,含185类.它由无数的物种组成,具有复杂的层次结构.巨大的生物产量和强大的物质与能量交换能力,在维持生态平衡方面具有重要的作用。生物物种是经过漫长岁月的自然演化而生存下来的。具有独特的适应生存环境的本领和遗传基因的多样性,抗逆性,蕴藏着巨大的生产潜力。目前各类森林生态系统正遭到严重破坏,丰富多彩的生物物种正面临着逐渐灭绝的境地。保护生物多样性必须保护森林生态系统,也就是保护其生存环境,因为地球上有半数以上的生物物种都栖息在森林生态系统之中.建立自然保护区,加强对保护区领导,明确职责,认真执行有关政策和法令,是保护生物多样性的有效方法。 相似文献
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This paper explains the conceptual framework of ecosystem based multiple use forest management (ETÇAP) approach and its implementation in a case study area. The new management philosophy has four important pillars; integration of biodiversity conservation into forest management process, characterization and accommodation of multiple forest values, effective participation of stakeholders and the use of advanced information technologies and management science techniques. These components comprise a sound framework of a forest management planning system in Turkey as the ownership, land use policy, social structure and forest ecosystems are unique to the country. Among few implementation sites, some experiences from the case study area of Yanlızçam planning unit were documented to realize the performance of the concept. The liaison between the government institutions and major stakeholders is found necessary, and the effective use of geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) have been realized critically important to better communicate among stakeholders and generate precise database and the plan. The case study indicated that structured participation is an effective communication tool and has a better possibly to promote multiple use forest management rather than using participation as solo information gathering process. Primary challenges relate to the effectiveness of national conservation program, availability of coherent biodiversity data and adequacy of institutional capacity that involve awareness, training and common understanding of biodiversity and protected area concept; coordination among the related institutions and stakeholders, and willingness and enthusiasm of authorities to accept and implement the concept. 相似文献
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This paper synthesizes and reviews literature concerning climate change effects on Mediterranean forest ecology and management as well as the restorative techniques necessary to maintain forest health, forest yield and biodiversity. Climate change compounded with trends of rural abandonment are likely to diminish forested areas within the Mediterranean basin that will be replaced by fire prone shrub communities. This could be favoured by outbreaks of pathogens, fire and other large-scale disturbances. Landscape fragmentation is expected to impede species migration. Annual increments and subsequent income from forests are expected to decrease. Reafforestations are necessary to ensure the presence of propagules of forest species and their site-specific varieties best adapted to future climatic conditions even though they may be different from the present forest-plant community. Current challenges in biodiversity conservation can only be met by afforestations whose main objective is to maintain ecosystem functioning. A new silviculture must emerge encompassing these habitat displacement and economic concerns while maximizing carbon sequestration. 相似文献
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Montados are silvo-pastoral systems, typical of the western Mediterranean Basin. When well managed, these ecosystems provide relevant ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation. In the northern part of the Mediterranean Basin, cork oak areas are mainly privately owned and a source of income to landowners, chiefly through cork and livestock production. Sustainable use is essential to maintain the ecological sustainability and socio-economic viability of these ecosystems. Biodiversity conservation and non-provisioning ecosystem services may generate additional incentives promoting sustainable use and conservation of montados, but require adequate mapping and identification. The high conservation value forest (HCVF) framework allows systematic inventory of biodiversity and non-provisioning ecosystem services and is widely applied in forest ecosystems. Here we exemplify the application of HCVF to the cork oak landscape of southern Portugal using a WebGIS tool that integrates the HCVF framework, in conjunction with Pareto optimization, to identify areas important for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. We present a case study using threatened bird and reptile species, as examples of biodiversity attributes, and carbon storage and water recharge rate of aquifers, as examples of ecosystem services attributes. We identify those areas in a cork oak landscape of southern Portugal where biodiversity and ecosystem services attributes are optimized. These areas can be prioritized for implementing conservation mechanisms, such as payment for ecosystem services, to promote sustainable forest management. 相似文献
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The potential for traditional and local ecological knowledge to contribute to biodiversity conservation has been widely recognized, but the actual application of this knowledge to biodiversity conservation is not easy. This paper synthesizes literature about traditional and local ecological knowledge and forest management in the Pacific Northwest to evaluate what is needed to accomplish this goal. We address three topics: (1) views and values people have relating to biodiversity; (2) the resource use and management practices of local forest users, and their effects on biodiversity; (3) models for integrating traditional and local ecological knowledge into biodiversity conservation on public and private lands. We focus on the ecological knowledge of forest users belonging to three groups who inhabit the region: American Indians, family forest owners, and commercial nontimber forest product harvesters. 相似文献
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Biodiversity in Asia is reviewed here from both scientific and socio-economic perspectives. Biodiversity in Asia has been
very high, for historical and climatic reasons; however, this situation has been changing rapidly, due to population growth
and economic development. The forest biodiversity in this region has both global and local value, yet it is seriously threatened.
As natural capital, biodiversity functions in a variety of ways: production and regulation functions have global value, while
habitat and information functions have social and cultural value, as well as local importance. Sustainable forest management
is dependent on the regulatory functions of the ecosystem and biodiversity. Sometimes the functions of forests or biodiversity
make conflict. Moreover, biodiversity has an information function related to sustainability via local knowledge and culture.
Levin’s (1999) proposals are helpful as a conceptual framework for developing sustainable management for Asian forests. 相似文献
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Jessica L. Bohn Stewart A. W. Diemont James P. Gibbs Stephen V. Stehman Jorge Mendoza Vega 《Agroforestry Systems》2014,88(2):269-285
Agroforestry for production and ecosystem health is a centuries-old form of ecosystem management used in many cultures indigenous to Mesoamerica, yet implications of such practices for biodiversity conservation are not well understood. Agroforestry systems were studied using interviews of farmers and field surveys of tree and bird diversity in three communities surrounding the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve in Campeche, Mexico to examine how differences in forest management practices affect forest biodiversity. Tree diversity and bird species richness were higher in areas surrounding communities that generated a greater variety of forest products and that cultivated “restoration trees,” species planted to aid in regeneration of mature forest. We conclude that traditional ecosystem management methods in areas surrounding natural reserves as practiced by inhabitants who depend on resources in the reserve for survival are compatible with maintaining and perhaps enhancing diversity of bird and tree communities at the site level. 相似文献
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森林生态系统粗木质残体生态功能研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
WU Jia-bing GUAN De-xin HAN Shi-jie ZHANG Mi JIN Chang-jie 《林业研究》2005,16(3):247-252
粗木质残体(CWD)是森林生态系统中重要的结构性与功能性单元。本文在对国内外CWD 研究历史进行简要回顾的基础上,对其生态功能及其分解过程进行了系统分析。指出了目前CWD 研究的热点及存在的问题,并建议加强对CWD生态服务功能的定量化研究,为其在维持生物多样性、生产力和其它生态过程方面的经营管理提供科学指导。参57。 相似文献
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从森林生态系统、物种多样性、遗传多样性、景观多样性几个方面分析了生物多样性现状;从采伐、林下放牧、林下采集、项目建设、森林火灾等方面分析了生物多样性受干扰情况,提出建立生物多样性地理信息系统、坚持封山育林、实施就地保护、加强管理、发展林产业、旅游业等保护对策． 相似文献