共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
2.
生态梨园的观光优势及建设建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国果菜》2020,(7)
生态观光梨园具有观赏价值高、采摘时间长、管理方便、收益高、利于生态建设等优势。本文分析了生态梨园的园地选择、科学规划、优良品种的选择、科学定植、土肥水管理等措施,提出了严格按照果品质量安全规定操作等科学建立采摘梨园的建议,以打造集生态、休闲、观光、旅游为一体的生态观光果园景区,实现生态梨园的多样化、优质化及娱乐化,提高经济效益。 相似文献
3.
山东省齐河县地处省会济南市主城区近郊、黄河北岸。近年来,20多家企业、种植大户紧跟“国家乡村振兴战略”实施和“美丽乡村”建设,立足本地优势,发展都市近郊观光果树采摘园、生态园,打造集休闲、生态、观光、旅游、养生为一体的生态观光采摘果园景区。齐河县和乐采摘园自2009年建园运行以来,通过多年的发展,建成占地25 hm^2设施完善配套的现代化农业果蔬观光采摘园,其中高标准温室20个、大棚28个,定植早熟油桃、毛桃棚8个,葡萄棚、大樱桃棚各3个,草莓棚10个;露地果园15 hm^2,栽植苹果、梨、桃、葡萄、大樱桃、杏、李子、石榴、核桃、山楂、枣树、桑葚、柿子、木瓜等120多个品种的果树2.5万多株,实现了果树生产的均衡化、多样化、优质化、娱乐化,可供周年采摘。 相似文献
4.
静宁县作为一个农业大县,苹果产业作为其支柱产业,切实改善了人民的生活水平。在对静宁苹果产业进行了分析之后,提出加强机械化生产,强化果园防灾减灾体系建设,打造果园生态循环系统,开展采摘、农业旅游等发展建议。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
辽宁彰武县旅游观光采摘果园发展对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国园艺文摘》2017,(9)
阐述彰武县旅游观光采摘果园发展优势,针对旅游观光采摘果园发展中存在的问题,提出具体的发展对策。 相似文献
10.
11.
G. Darrel Jenerette 《Landscape Ecology》2018,33(10):1655-1668
Context
Ecological research, from organismal to global scales and spanning terrestrial, hydrologic, and atmospheric domains, can contribute more to reducing health vulnerabilities. At the same, ecological research directed to health vulnerabilities provides a problem-based unifying framework for urban ecologists.Objective
Provide a framework for expanding ecological research to address human health vulnerabilities in cities.Methods
I pose an urban ecology of human health framework that considers how the ecological contributions to health risks and benefits are driven by interacting influences of the environment, active management, and historical legacies in the context of ecological self-organization. The ecology of health framework is explored for contrasting examples including heat, vector borne diseases, pollution, and accessible greenspace both individually and in a multifunctional landscape perspective.Results
Urban ecological processes affect human health vulnerability through contributions to multiple hazard and well-being pathways. The resulting multifunctional landscape of health vulnerability features prominent hotspots and regional injustices. A path forward to increase knowledge of the ecological contributions to health vulnerabilities includes increased participation in in interdisciplinary teams and applications of high resolution environmental sensing and modeling.Conclusions
Research and management from a systems and landscape perspective of ecological processes is poised to help reduce urban health vulnerability and provide a better understanding of ecological dynamics in the Anthropocene.12.
Kevin McGarigal Bradley W. Compton Ethan B. Plunkett William V. DeLuca Joanna Grand Eduard Ene Scott D. Jackson 《Landscape Ecology》2018,33(7):1029-1048
Context
Conservation planning is increasingly using “coarse filters” based on the idea of conserving “nature’s stage”. One such approach is based on ecosystems and the concept of ecological integrity, although myriad ways exist to measure ecological integrity.Objectives
To describe our ecosystem-based index of ecological integrity (IEI) and its derivative index of ecological impact (ecoImpact), and illustrate their applications for conservation assessment and planning in the northeastern United States.Methods
We characterized the biophysical setting of the landscape at the 30 m cell resolution using a parsimonious suite of settings variables. Based on these settings variables and mapped ecosystems, we computed a suite of anthropogenic stressor metrics reflecting intactness (i.e., freedom from anthropogenic stressors) and resiliency metrics (i.e., connectivity to similar neighboring ecological settings), quantile-rescaled them by ecosystem and geographic extent, and combined them in a weighted linear model to create IEI. We used the change in IEI over time under a land use scenario to compute ecoImpact.Results
We illustrated the calculation of IEI and ecoImpact to compare the ecological integrity consequences of a 70-year projection of urban growth to an alternative scenario involving securing a network of conservation core areas (reserves) from future development.Conclusions
IEI and ecoImpact offer an effective way to assess ecological integrity across the landscape and examine the potential ecological consequences of alternative land use and land cover scenarios to inform conservation decision making.13.
Suresh Andrew Sethi Jesse R. O’Hanley Jonathon Gerken Joshua Ashline Catherine Bradley 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(12):2327-2336
Context
Efficient restoration of longitudinal river connectivity relies on barrier mitigation prioritization tools that incorporate stream network spatial structure to maximize ecological benefits given limited resources. Typically, ecological benefits of barrier mitigation are measured using proxies such as the amount of accessible riverine habitat.Objectives
We developed an optimization approach for barrier mitigation planning which directly incorporates the ecology of managed taxa, and applied it to an urbanizing salmon-bearing watershed in Alaska.Methods
A novel river connectivity metric that exploits information on the distribution and movement of managed taxon was embedded into a barrier prioritization framework to identify optimal mitigation actions given limited restoration budgets. The value of ecological information on managed taxa was estimated by comparing costs to achieve restoration targets across alternative barrier prioritization approaches.Results
Barrier mitigation solutions informed by life history information outperformed those using only river connectivity proxies, demonstrating high value of ecological information for watershed restoration. In our study area, information on salmon ecology was typically valued at 0.8–1.2 M USD in costs savings to achieve a given benefit level relative to solutions derived only from stream network information, equating to 16–28% of the restoration budget.Conclusions
Investing in ecological studies may achieve win–win outcomes of improved understanding of aquatic ecology and greater watershed restoration efficiency.14.
Context
Fire is an important driver of ecological processes in semiarid systems and serves a vital role in shrub-grass interactions. In desert grasslands of the southwestern US, the loss of fire has been implicated as a primary cause of shrub encroachment. Where fires can currently be re-introduced given past state changes and recent restoration actions, however, is unknown and controversial.Objectives
Our objective was to evaluate the interactive effects of climate, urban development, and topo-edaphic properties on fire distribution in the desert grassland region of the southwestern United States.Methods
We characterized the spatial distribution of fire in the Chihuahuan Desert and Madrean Archipelago ecoregions and investigated the influence of soil properties and ecological site groups compared to other commonly used biophysical variables using multi-model inference.Results
Soil-landscape properties significantly influenced the spatial distribution of fire ignitions. Fine-textured bottomland ecological site classes experienced more fires than expected in contrast to upland sites with coarse soil textures and high fragment content that experienced fewer fire ignitions than expected. Influences of mean annual precipitation, distance to road/rail, soil available water holding capacity (AWHC) and topographic variables varied between ecoregions and political jurisdictions and by fire season. AWHC explained more variability of fire ignitions in the Madrean Archipelago compared to the Chihuahuan Desert.Conclusions
Understanding the spatiotemporal distribution of recent fires in desert grasslands is needed to manage fire and predict responses to climate change. The use of landscape units such as ecological sites presents an opportunity to improve predictions at management scales.15.
Tyson S. H. Martin Andrew D. Olds Asier B. H. Olalde Charlotte Berkström Ben L. Gilby Thomas A. Schlacher Ian R. Butler Nicholas A. Yabsley Maria Zann Rod M. Connolly 《Landscape Ecology》2018,33(8):1273-1286
Context
Connectivity is an important property of landscapes that shapes populations and ecosystem functioning. We do not know, however, whether and how different types of spatial linkages combine to influence ecological functions, and this hampers their integration into conservation planning.Objectives
We used coral reef seascapes in eastern Australia as a model system to test whether the proximity of other reefs (habitat proximity) or the proximity of other habitats (seascape proximity) exert stronger effects on two key ecological functions (herbivory and piscivory).Methods
We measured rates of herbivory (on fleshy macroalgae) and piscivory (on prey fish) on reefs that differed in their proximity to both other reefs and nearby mangroves and seagrass.Results
The extent of habitat proximity between reefs significantly influenced both ecological functions, but in different ways: isolated reefs supported high herbivory but low piscivory, whilst, conversely, reefs that were closer to other reefs supported high piscivory but low herbivory. This was not caused by herbivores avoiding their predators, as the dominant piscivores (small predatory snappers) were too small to consume the dominant herbivores (large rabbitfishes). Seascape proximity (e.g., distance to mangroves or seagrass) was less important in shaping ecological functions on reefs in this system.Conclusions
We suggest that the effects of seascape configuration on ecological functions depends on the type of spatial linkage, and the ecological functions in question. To better integrate connectivity into conservation, we must develop a deeper understanding of how different spatial linkages combine to shape ecosystem functioning across landscapes.16.
Surface metrics for landscape ecology: a comparison of landscape models across ecoregions and scales
Peter J. Kedron Amy E. Frazier Gustavo A. Ovando-Montejo Jing Wang 《Landscape Ecology》2018,33(9):1489-1504
Context
The patch-mosaic model is lauded for its conceptual simplicity and ease with which conventional landscape metrics can be computed from categorical maps, yet many argue it is inconsistent with ecological theory. Gradient surface models (GSMs) are an alternative for representing landscapes, but adoption of surface metrics for analyzing spatial patterns in GSMs is hindered by several factors including a lack of meaningful interpretations.Objectives
We investigate the performance and applicability of surface metrics across a range of ecoregions and scales to strengthen theoretical foundations for their adoption in landscape ecology.Methods
We examine metric clustering across scales and ecoregions, test correlations with patch-based metrics, and provide ecological interpretations for a variety of surface metrics with respect to forest cover to support the basis for selecting surface metrics for ecological analyses.Results
We identify several factors complicating the interpretation of surface metrics from a landscape perspective. First, not all surface metrics are appropriate for landscape analyses. Second, true analogs between surface metrics and patch-based, landscape metrics are rare. Researchers should focus instead on how surface measures can uniquely measure spatial patterns. Lastly, scale dependencies exist for surface metrics, but relationships between metrics do not appear to change considerably with scale.Conclusions
Incorporating gradient surfaces into landscape ecological analyses is challenging, and many surface metrics may not have patch analogs or be ecologically relevant. For this reason, surface metrics should be considered in terms of the set of pattern elements they represent that can then be linked to landscape characteristics.17.
前些年,海南、广东等省曾遭受了严重的"椰瘟"——椰心叶甲的危害,给我国的棕榈科植物资源和自然生态环境造成了严重的破坏,后经过长期不懈地努力使疫情得到有效地控制,生态基本实现动态平衡,现又出现反弹现象。结合自身的经验刍议椰心叶甲的危害与防治。 相似文献
18.
旅游景区具有良好的生态环境基础,是自然生态系统的重要组成部分,在其建设与发展中融入生态景观设计的思想,既有得天独厚的优势,又具有刻不容缓的紧迫性和重要性.在分析生态景观设计的内涵、在旅游景区建设中的意义及设计原则的基础上,通过对成都活水公园生态景观设计的个案分析,进一步阐明了旅游景区中生态景观设计的重要意义. 相似文献
19.
Ladislav Miklós 《Landscape Ecology》1989,3(1):43-51
Development of the general ecological model (EM) of the CSSR has been included in the state program for environmental policy - the Ecoprogramme of the CSSR — at a scale of 1:1 000 000 for the entire Czechoslovak territory and at a scale of 1:500 000 for the Czech Socialist Republic (CSR) and the Slovak Socialist Republic (SSR). The objective of the first EM stage was to make a survey of spatial differentiation of the major ecological problems of the country. The EM consists of four parts, three analytical and one synthetic. These parts are:
- The ecological state (value) of the current spatial structure of the landscape.
- Ecological stress factors in the landscape.
- Protection of nature and natural resources. From the spatial synthesis of these three groups (from their spatial encounters), the following synthetic group of conditions was obtained:
- Regional ecological problems, a system of ecologically stable areas, environmental stress factors and factors endangering the ecological stability of the landscape, the natural resources and the human environment.
20.
城市滨水景观具有特殊性,而园林设计是其最重要的组成部分。城市滨水景观设计,不能仅仅停留在美学角度的"风景如画"上,应该从更深、更广的层面去理解和把握,特别是要从景观生态的角度,从人与自然共生的角度去分析,其中的关键是要重视城市滨水景观园林巨大的生态功能和游憩功能。生态园林强调发挥生态、社会、美化等综合功能,注重生态效益,维护和改善城市生态环境质量,从"自然的"和以生态为中心着手,用环境保护的最新成果去指导城市滨水景观规划设计,达到可持续性发展的要求。 相似文献