共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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N E Robinson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1992,22(5):1043-1064
The understanding of the mechanisms of dog and cat airway disease is in its infancy, because the clinical tools necessary to measure airway function in patients have not been readily available. The advent of lung function computers that can rapidly analyze flow-volume loops and calculate Cdyn and RL will make it easier to evaluate airway function in disease and to detect the effects of the newer specific receptor blockers. In the not-too-distant future, measurements of lung function will be used to prove the efficacy of new therapeutic agents for canine and feline airway disease and to guide the clinician in the use of these agents. 相似文献
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Application of Airway Pressure Therapy in Veterinary Critical Care: Part II: Airway Pressure Therapy
Deborah R. Van Pelt DVM MS Wayne E. Wingfield MS DVM Timothy B. Hackett DVM Linda G. Martin DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1993,3(2):71-81
As the specialties of emergency medicine and critical care have grown and evolved in both human and veterinary medicine, so has the need for more advanced care of patients with primary lung disease. Treatment of acute respiratory failure has been the focus of several articles in the human medical literature of the past few years.1,8 This paper deals with airway pressure therapy and its application in cases of acute respiratory failure in veterinary medicine. The reader is referred to part I of this paper for a reveiw of respiratory mechanics and hypoxemia as they apply to respiratory therapy. 相似文献
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J. WESLEY WILLIAMS DVM MS DENNIS M. MEAGHER DVM PhD DiplomateACVs JOHN R. PASCOE BVSC PhD WILLIAM J. HORNOF DVM MS DiplomateACVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):142-147
Upper airway pressure was measured during maximal exercise in 10 Thoroughbred racehorses with naturally occurring upper airway obstruction. Left laryngeal hemiplegia and arytenoid chondropathy resulted in substantial increases (30-40 cm H2O) in inspiratory upper airway pressure (Pl), whereas complicated aryepiglottic entrapment and subepiglottic cysts produced only modest increases (15 cm H2O) in Pl. Uncomplicated aryepiglottic entrapment and grade IV pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia produced only slight increases (3-5 cm H2O). In general, surgical procedures restored airway pressures to within normal limits. Subtotal arytenoidectomy improved but did not normalize airway pressures in horses with arytenoid chondropathy. Pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia appeared to have little effect on upper airway function. 相似文献
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Andrew M Hoffman 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2007,37(5):829-43, v
The advent of pulmonary function testing in small animals has opened the door to new interpretations of old diseases. This article reviews the salient features of airway pathophysiology in dogs and cats that relate to the interpretation of newly developed airway function tests. 相似文献
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V. Gerber D. Baleri J. Klukowska-Rötzler J.E. Swinburne G. Dolf 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(3):626-630
Background: Mode of inheritance of equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is unknown.
Hypothesis: Major genes are responsible for RAO.
Animals: Direct offspring of 2 RAO-affected Warmblood stallions (n = 197; n = 163) and a representative sample of Swiss Warmbloods (n = 401).
Methods: One environmental and 4 genetic models (general, mixed inheritance, major gene, and polygene) were tested for Horse Owner Assessed Respiratory Signs Index (1–4, unaffected to severely affected) by segregation analyses of the 2 half-sib sire families, both combined and separately, using prevalences estimated in a representative sample.
Results: In all data sets the mixed inheritance model was most likely to explain the pattern of inheritance. In all 3 datasets the mixed inheritance model did not differ significantly from the general model ( P = .62, P = 1.00, and P = .27) but was always better than the major gene model ( P < .01) and the polygene model ( P < .01). The frequency of the deleterious allele differed considerably between the 2 sire families ( P = .23 and P = .06). In both sire families the displacement was large ( t = 17.52 and t = 12.24) and the heritability extremely large ( h2 = 1).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Segregation analyses clearly reveal the presence of a major gene playing a role in RAO. In 1 family, the mode of inheritance was autosomal dominant, whereas in the other family it was autosomal recessive. Although the expression of RAO is influenced by exposure to hay, these findings suggest a strong, complex genetic background for RAO. 相似文献
Hypothesis: Major genes are responsible for RAO.
Animals: Direct offspring of 2 RAO-affected Warmblood stallions (n = 197; n = 163) and a representative sample of Swiss Warmbloods (n = 401).
Methods: One environmental and 4 genetic models (general, mixed inheritance, major gene, and polygene) were tested for Horse Owner Assessed Respiratory Signs Index (1–4, unaffected to severely affected) by segregation analyses of the 2 half-sib sire families, both combined and separately, using prevalences estimated in a representative sample.
Results: In all data sets the mixed inheritance model was most likely to explain the pattern of inheritance. In all 3 datasets the mixed inheritance model did not differ significantly from the general model ( P = .62, P = 1.00, and P = .27) but was always better than the major gene model ( P < .01) and the polygene model ( P < .01). The frequency of the deleterious allele differed considerably between the 2 sire families ( P = .23 and P = .06). In both sire families the displacement was large ( t = 17.52 and t = 12.24) and the heritability extremely large ( h
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Segregation analyses clearly reveal the presence of a major gene playing a role in RAO. In 1 family, the mode of inheritance was autosomal dominant, whereas in the other family it was autosomal recessive. Although the expression of RAO is influenced by exposure to hay, these findings suggest a strong, complex genetic background for RAO. 相似文献
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Katherine Peterson DVM Jessica Beymer DVM Elke Rudloff DVM DACVECC Mauria O'Brien DVM DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(6):635-639
Objective – To describe a case of Dieffenbachia ingestion in a dog presented for dysphagia and airway obstruction successfully treated with a temporary tracheostomy and supportive care beyond that reported in the veterinary literature. Case Summary – An 8‐year‐old male neutered Labrador Retriever, weighing 30 kg, was presented with the complaint of choking and gagging. Abdominal radiographs showed that he had a distended stomach full of foreign material and a gastrotomy was performed. After receiving preanesthetic medication, the dog developed inspiratory stridor and during anesthetic induction, marked oropharyngeal swelling complicated tracheal intubation. During surgery a large amount of dog bedding and Dieffenbachia plant material was removed. Because of the severity of the oropharyngeal swelling, the dog required a temporary tracheostomy and treatment for an acute allergic reaction related to the Dieffenbachia ingestion. The patient was discharged after 6 days in the hospital and had no significant complications. New or Unique Information Provided – To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of successful treatment of an airway obstruction related to the toxicity of Dieffenbachia ingestion. 相似文献
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Polytrauma patients are uncommon cases usually admitted to the clinic on emergency basis. Their clinical condition requires complex management and treatment that involves specialists from more than one department. The initial hours after admission are usually crucial to stabilize and diagnose a patient as well as estimate the prognosis and potential costs of treatment. 相似文献
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M. Leclere A. Lavoie‐Lamoureux J.‐P. Lavoie 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(3):940-945
Background
Systemic inflammation is observed in horses with heaves and could also be present in horses with a lesser degree of pulmonary inflammation.Hypothesis/Objectives
It was hypothesized that racehorses with inflammatory airway disease (IAD) have increased concentration of circulating acute phase proteins. The objective of this study was to compare serum acute phase proteins of racehorses with and without lower airway inflammation.Animals
Serum from 21 client‐owned Standardbred racehorses with exercise intolerance and lower airway inflammation and serum from 10 client‐owned Standardbred racehorses with exercise intolerance without lower airway inflammation.Methods
In a case–control study, serum samples from previously characterized horses presented for exercise intolerance with or without lower airway inflammation based on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology were analyzed for serum amyloid A protein (SAA), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and haptoglobin using commercial ELISAs.Results
There was no significant differences between groups for SAA (non‐IAD versus IAD, median (range): 3.47 (0.06–34.94) versus 6.33 (0.06–80) μg/mL, P = .49), CRP (10.87 (2.05–29.03) versus 4.63 (0.02–31.81) μg/mL, P = .23) or haptoglobin (900.36 (607.99–2018.84) versus 749.54 (530.81–1076.95) μg/mL, P = .09).Conclusions and Clinical Importance
In this population of poorly performing racehorses in training, serum SAA, CRP, and haptoglobin were not helpful in distinguishing between horses with IAD from horses with exercise intolerance from other causes. 相似文献19.
Mario H. Vargas Bettina Sommer Blanca Bazán-Perkins Luis M. Montaño 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(7):589-596
Barometric plethysmography has become an increasingly used method to indirectly measure respiratory function in unrestrained
freely-moving animals. This technique has been criticized because of physiological uncertainty of its major index, the enhanced
pause (Penh). Moreover, a recent study raises concerns that during histamine challenges part of the Penh response could be
produced by upper airways (nasal) responses. In this study we compared airway responsiveness measured by barometric plethysmography
and total lung resistance (RL) in guinea pigs, and evaluated the role of upper airways during Penh measurement. Our results showed that intravenous acetylcholine
or histamine caused a dose-dependent increase of the Penh values in non-anesthetized guinea pigs, which were correlated with
RL values obtained in separate groups of anesthetized animals. In anesthetized but spontaneously breathing guinea pigs intravenous
acetylcholine or histamine also produced a dose-dependent increment of Penh, which was similar regardless if guinea pigs breathed
through the nose or through a tracheal tube. Our results suggest that, independently of the physiological meaning of Penh,
this index seems to be a useful indirect measurement for evaluating airway responsiveness to intravenous agonists in guinea
pigs, and that nasal passage seems not to be involved in this measurement. 相似文献
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LIN V. KLEIN VMD DiplomateACVA DEBORAH V. WILSON BVS DiplomateACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(3):239-241
A mare with a thoracic laceration was anesthetized with halothane-O2 for surgical repair. Shortly after initiation of controlled ventilation, inspiratory plateau pressure began to increase. The increase in pressure continued despite decreasing the tidal volume. Tension pneumothorax was suspected, but because arterial PCO2 and PO2 were normal, the anesthetic apparatus was examined. Excess gas continued to exit through the bellows pop-off valve even when the fresh gas flow was turned off. It was determined that driving gas from the ventilator was entering the breathing circuit through a hole in the bellows. Testing the integrity of the bellows before use is suggested to avoid this potentially harmful complication. 相似文献