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1.
Background: The beneficial effects of Lactobacillus probiotics in animal production are often strain-related.Different strains from the same species may exert different weight-gain effect on hosts in vivo. Most lactobacilli are selected based on their in vitro activities, and their metabolism and regulation on the intestine based on strainrelated characters are largely unexplored. The objective of the present study was to study the in vivo effects of the three lactobacilli on growth performance and to compare the differential effects of the strains on the faecal microbiota and ileum mucosa proteomics of piglets.Methods: Three hundred and sixty piglets were assigned to one of four treatments, which included an antibioticstreated control and three experimental groups supplemented with the three lactobacilli, L. salivarius G1-1, L. reuteri G8-5 and L. reuteri G22-2, respectively. Piglets were weighed and the feed intake was recorded to compare the growth performance. The faecal lactobacilli and coliform was quantified using quantitative PCR and the faecal microbiota was profiled by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE). The proteomic approach was applied to compare the differential expression of proteins in the ileum mucosa.Results: No statistical difference was found among the three Lactobacillus-treated groups in animal growth performance compared with the antibiotics-treated group(P 0.05). Supplementation of lactobacilli in diets significantly increased the relative 16 S rRNA gene copies of Lactobacillus genus on both d 14 and d 28(P 0.05).,and the bacterial community profiles based on DGGE from the lactobacilli-treated groups were distinctly different from the antibiotics-treated group(P 0.05). The ileum mucosa of piglets responded to all Lactobacillus supplementation by producing more newly expressed proteins and the identified proteins were all associated with the functions beneficial for stabilization of cell structure. Besides, some other up-regulated and down-regulated proteins in different Lactobacillus-treated groups showed the expression of proteins were partly strain-related.Conclusions: All the three lactobacilli in this study show comparable effects to antibiotics on piglets growth performance. The three lactobacilli were found able to modify intestinal microbiota and mucosa proteomics. The regulation of protein expression in the intestinal mucosa are partly associated with the strains administrated in feed.  相似文献   

2.
The distribution of lectin bindings in the testis of babirusa, Babyrousa babyrussa (Suidae) was studied histochemically using 10 biotinylated lectins, Peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA I), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA), Soybean agglutinin (SBA), Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA), Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA), Concanavalin A(Con A) and Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA I). Nine of 10 lectins showed a variety of staining patterns in the seminiferous epithelium and interstitial cells. The acrosome of Golgi-, cap- and acrosome-phase spermatids displayed various PNA, RCA I, VVA, SBA and WGA bindings, indicating the presence of glycoconjugates with D-galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine sugar residues respectively. No affinity was detected in the acrosome of late spermatids. LCA, PSA and Con A which have affinity for D-mannose and D-glucose sugar residues were positive in the cytoplasm of spermatids and spermatocytes. DBA was positive only in spermatogonia. In addition to DBA, positive binding in spermatogonia was found for VVA, WGA and Con A, suggesting the distribution of glycoconjugates with N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-mannose and D-glucose sugar residues. Sertoli cells were stained intensely with RCA I, WGA and Con A. In Leydig cells, RCA I and Con A were strongly positive, while WGA, LCA and PSA reactions were weak to moderate. The present findings showed that the distribution pattern of lectin binding in the testis of babirusa is somewhat different from that of pig or other mammals reported previously.  相似文献   

3.
Maximising the ability of piglets to survive exposure to pathogens is essential to reduce early piglet mortality, an important factor in efficient commercial pig production. Mortality rates can be influenced by many factors, including early colonization by microbial commensals. Here we describe the development of an intestinal microbiota, the Bristol microbiota, for use in gnotobiotic pigs and its influence on synthesis of systemic immunoglobulins. Such a microbiota will be of value in studies of the consequences of early microbial colonization on development of the intestinal immune system and subsequent susceptibility to disease. Gnotobiotic pig studies lack a well-established intestinal microbiota. The use of the Altered Schaedler Flora (ASF), a murine intestinal microbiota, to colonize the intestines of Caesarean-derived, gnotobiotic pigs prior to gut closure, resulted in unreliable colonization with most (but not all) strains of the ASF. Subsequently, a novel, simpler porcine microbiota was developed. The novel microbiota reliably colonized the length of the intestinal tract when administered to gnotobiotic piglets. No health problems were observed, and the novel microbiota induced a systemic increase in serum immunoglobulins, in particular IgA and IgM. The Bristol microbiota will be of value for highly controlled, reproducible experiments of the consequences of early microbial colonization on susceptibility to disease in neonatal piglets, and as a biomedical model for the impact of microbial colonization on development of the intestinal mucosa and immune system in neonates.  相似文献   

4.
The effects of age, weaning and breeding conditions on the small intestinal morphology and the distribution of immunocompetent cells were investigated. The villus height and numbers of CD3+ T-lymphocytes, measured in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, were determined in both the gnotobiotic and conventionally bred piglets. The diet of gnotobiotic piglets was composed of milk-replacement and feed mixtures. The application of milk replacement was finished on day 28. Conventional piglets were fed on sow's milk and feed mixtures. The animals were weaned on day 28. Small intestines were collected from 12 conventional and 12 gnotobiotic piglets slaughtered at the age of 2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. The morphology results demonstrated that duodenal and ileal villi were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in gnotobiotic piglets during the entire period of the experiment. However, the weight of conventional piglets was higher during the experiment, in some cases significantly (p < 0.05). A marked reduction, in some cases significant (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 respectively), of the villi height on day 7 after the diet change for both groups of animals was recorded. The results demonstrate the differences in the gut development between both groups and their relationship to the breeding conditions. Nevertheless, the effect of crucial diet changes was observed independently of them. The immunohistochemistry results showed significantly (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 respectively) higher numbers of CD3+ T-lymphocytes in the jejunal villi of conventionally bred piglets. Similar results, in some cases significant (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 respectively), were also obtained from the other parts of the small intestine. These observations confirm reduced microorganism exposure under the gnotobiotic conditions.  相似文献   

5.
为研究外源粪菌干预对受体猪肠道屏障功能的影响,试验选取初生重相近、胎次相同、同日出生的杜×长×大三元杂交哺乳仔猪12窝,随机分为2组,每组6窝(每窝10~12头)。试验组于1~10日龄隔天灌喂1 m L金华猪粪菌悬液进行外源粪菌干预;对照组灌喂等量无菌0.1 mol/L无菌磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)。试验期间,仔猪自由哺乳采食和饮水,分别于12日龄和27日龄进行屠宰、采样。结果表明:外源粪菌干预可明显减少腹泻,提高受体猪的平均日增重和成活率(P0.05);外源粪菌干预能显著降低27日龄受体猪肠道隐窝深度(P0.05),显著提高肠道绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P0.05);外源粪菌干预能显著增加肠道杯状细胞数和12日龄肠道分泌型免疫球蛋白A阳性(SIgA~+)细胞数(P0.05),同时显著提高肠道黏蛋白Muc2、紧密连接蛋白ZO-1和Occludin表达水平(P0.05),而27日龄试验组的肠道SIgA~+细胞数与对照组无显著差异(P0.05)。综上可知,外源粪菌干预能通过增加肠道杯状细胞和SIgA~+细胞数、提高黏蛋白和紧密连接蛋白表达的方式调节受体猪肠道屏障功能,具有维持猪肠道功能稳态和促进肠道健康的作用。  相似文献   

6.
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of oral Gln supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and expression of heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 in weaning piglets. A total of 65 piglets after weaning at 21 d of age (d 0) were used in this experiment. Five piglets were randomly selected and euthanized initially at d 0 to determine baseline values for the expression of Hsp70 in the small intestine. The remaining piglets were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments and received 0 or 1 g of oral Gln/kg of BW every 12 h. After piglets were humanely killed at d 3, 7, and 14 postweaning, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of piglets were sampled to evaluate intestinal morphology and the expression and localization of Hsp70. The results indicated that oral Gln supplementation increased plasma concentrations of Gln compared with those in control piglets (P < 0.05). Average daily gain and ADFI were greater in piglets orally supplemented with Gln than in control piglets during the whole period (P < 0.05). The incidence of diarrhea in piglets orally supplemented with Gln was 24% less than (P = 0.064) that in control piglets at 8 to 14 d after weaning. The weights of the jejunum and ileum were greater in piglets orally supplemented with Gln compared with those of control piglets relative to BW on d 14 postweaning (P < 0.05). The villus height and the villus height:crypt depth ratio in the jejunum and the ileum were greater in piglets receiving oral Gln on d 14 postweaning (P < 0.05) than in control piglets. These results indicate that Gln supplementation can influence the intestinal morphology of weaned piglets. The expression of hsp70 mRNA and Hsp70 proteins in the duodenum and jejunum was greater in piglets supplemented with Gln than in control piglets (P < 0.05). However, Gln supplementation had no effect on the expression of hsp70 mRNA and Hsp70 proteins in the ileum. Moreover, the localization of Hsp70 in the cytoplasm indicated that Hsp70 has a cytoprotective role in epithelial cell function and structure. These results indicate that Gln supplementation may be beneficial for intestinal health and development and may thus mitigate diarrhea and improve growth performance. The protective mechanisms of Gln in the intestine may be associated with the increase in Hsp70 expression.  相似文献   

7.
To assess the efficacy of growth-promoting agents among seasons, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), plasma urea nitrogen (PUN), IGF-I, and tympanic temperature (TT) were measured in summer and winter studies. Heifers (n = 9/pen) were allotted to 12 pens in both December and June. Pens were assigned to 1 of 6 growth promotant treatments: control (no growth promotant), estrogenic implant (E), trenbolone acetate implant (TBA), E + TBA (ET), melengestrol acetate (MGA), and ET + MGA (ETM). Blood samples were collected from 4 heifers per pen per study on d 0, 28, 56, and 84 via jugular puncture. Near the midpoint of both studies, TT were obtained from the heifers. There was a season by sample day interaction for all blood metabolites (P < 0.05). During the winter, IGF-I levels peaked on d 28, whereas T3, T4, and PUN peaked on d 56. In the summer, IGF-I levels increased from d 0 to 28 and remained elevated throughout the study. Season by growth promotant interactions (P < 0.05) indicated that in the winter ET increased T3, whereas TBA alone decreased both T3 and T4, compared with control, or ET, and ETM treatment groups. Across seasons, treatments ET and ETM increased (P < 0.05) IGF-I and decreased (P < 0.05) PUN. However, E, TBA, and MGA alone had no effect on IGF-I or PUN concentrations. The maximum TT was greater (P < 0.01) in the summer than in the winter, whereas the minimum TT was lower (P < 0.01) in the summer. Mean TT did not differ among growth-promoting treatments. However, in the summer and over both seasons, the maximum TT was lower (P < 0.05) in E-, MGA-, and ETM-treated heifers. Although limited growth promotant by season interactions existed, changes in blood metabolite levels resulting from the use of growth promotants do not appear to influence seasonal changes in body temperature as measured by TT.  相似文献   

8.
为考察不同品种断奶仔猪小肠发育的差异及肠绒毛高度与血清GLP-2的关系,本试验分别测定了不同品种仔猪24、26d和30d时的血清GLP-2浓度及30d时肠道发育参数,并分析了回肠绒毛高度与GLP-2的关系。结果表明:大×太猪的小肠长(相对长)、小肠重(相对重)显著高于长白猪(P0.05),小肠重显著高于太湖猪(P0.05),而太湖猪小肠相对重显著高于长白猪(P0.05),小肠相对长极显著高于长白猪(P0.01);大×太猪和长白猪的回肠肠壁厚度、绒毛高度和隐窝深度显著高于太湖猪(P0.05);30d时,大×太猪血清GLP-2水平最高,且极显著高于长白猪和太湖猪(P0.01),3种猪回肠绒毛高度与血清GLP-2极显著相关(P0.01)。表明30d时的大×太猪肠道发育优于太湖猪和长白猪,不同品种断奶仔猪的小肠绒毛高度与血清GLP-2水平高度相关。  相似文献   

9.
试验旨在研究发酵床饲养模式下饲粮中添加抗菌肽对仔猪生长性能、胰腺和小肠内容物消化酶及小肠黏膜二糖酶和垫料蛋白酶、脲酶、铵态氮的影响。选用108头35日龄、体重13kg左右的健康苏钟猪随机分为3组,每组3重复,每重复12头,分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）、基础饲粮＋40mg/kg杆菌肽锌＋20mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素（抗生素组）和基础饲粮＋300mg/kg抗菌肽（抗菌肽组）的试验日粮,试验期49d10结果表明：（1）各组间仔猪生长性能差异不显著（P〉0.05）。（2）与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够显著提高仔猪胰腺、十二指肠和空肠内容物淀粉酶及空肠内容物胰蛋白酶活性（P〈0.05）;并显著提高仔猪十二指肠黏膜麦芽糖酶和空肠黏膜蔗糖酶、乳糖酶及回肠黏膜蔗糖酶活性（P〈0.05）;抗菌肽组十二指肠黏膜麦芽糖酶活性比抗生素组提高（P〈0.05）。（3）各组间发酵床垫料蛋白酶和脲酶活性及铵态氮含量差异不显著（P〉0.05）。综上所述,本试验条件下,饲粮添加300mg/kg的抗菌肽能够在一定程度上提高仔猪生长性能;提高胰腺、小肠内容物及小肠黏膜消化酶活性;同时不影响垫料蛋白酶、脲酶活性和垫料铵态氮含量。  相似文献   

10.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加太子参茎叶多糖对断奶仔猪肠道免疫功能、肠黏膜形态结构和盲肠内容物菌群的影响。选取25日龄断奶的"大白×长白"二元杂交仔猪120头,按体重相近原则随机分成4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加500(0.05%多糖组)、1 000(0.10%多糖组)和1 500 mg/kg(0.15%多糖组)太子参茎叶多糖。试验期30 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,各试验组十二指肠白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量均显著升高(P0.05),0.10%多糖组十二指肠干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量显著升高(P0.05),0.10%和0.15%多糖组回肠分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIg A)含量均显著升高(P0.05);0.10%和0.15%多糖组十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度显著或极显著增加(P0.05或P0.01),十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值显著增加(P0.05);0.15%多糖组回肠绒毛高度显著增加(P0.05);各试验组盲肠内容物中的大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P0.05),乳酸杆菌数量显著增加(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加太子参茎叶多糖能够提高断奶仔猪肠道免疫功能,增加小肠绒毛高度和V/C值,调节盲肠内容物菌群结构,维持肠道微生态平衡;其适宜添加量为0.10%。  相似文献   

11.
丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能及免疫功能的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
本试验旨在研究丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能及免疫功能的影响。试验选用162头28日龄(8.25±0.18)kg断奶去势仔猪,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复9头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.01%抗生素(Ⅰ组)、0.10%丁酸钠(Ⅱ组)、0.10%丁酸钠+0.01%抗生素(Ⅲ组)、0.30%氧化锌+0.01%抗生素(Ⅳ组)和0.10%丁酸钠+0.30%氧化锌+0.01%抗生素(Ⅴ组)。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组末重、平均日采食量和平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)除Ⅰ组外,其他4个试验组的脾脏指数、胰脏指数、淋巴结指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,各试验组免疫球蛋白G含量均显著升高(P<0.05),各试验组肠道黏膜免疫球蛋白A阳性(IgA+)细胞含量均有所上升,其中Ⅲ组上升最显著。3)Ⅲ、Ⅴ组的二胺氧化酶活性分别比对照组降低了46.22%和44.83%(P<0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组的皮质醇含量分别比对照组降低了43.13%、43.14%、47.01%(P<0.05)。结果提示,饲粮中添加丁酸钠能促进断奶仔猪生长和免疫器官发育,提高血清免疫球蛋白含量,刺激机体肠道黏膜分泌免疫球蛋白A阳性细胞,提高其免疫功能。此外,丁酸钠与抗生素一起使用对促进生长性能和降低腹泻率作用效果更明显。  相似文献   

12.
Background: The focus of recent research has been directed toward the probiotic potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(BA) on the gut health of animals. However, little is known about BA's effects on piglets with intra-uterine growth retardation(IUGR). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of BA supplementation on the growth performance,intestinal morphology, inflammatory response, and microbiota of IUGR piglets.Methods: Eighteen litters of newborn piglets were selected at birth, with one normal birth weight(NBW) and two IUGR piglets in each litter(i.e., 18 NBW and 36 IUGR piglets in total). At weaning, the NBW piglet and one of the IUGR piglets were assigned to groups fed a control diet(i.e., the NBW-CON and IUGR-CON groups). The other IUGR piglet was assigned to a group fed the control diet supplemented with 2.0 g BA per kg of diet(i.e., IUGR-BA group). The piglets were thus distributed across three groups for a four-week period.Results: IUGR reduced the growth performance of the IUGR-CON piglets compared with the NBW-CON piglets. It was also associated with decreased vil us sizes, increased apoptosis rates, reduced goblet cel numbers, and an imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the smal intestine. Supplementation with BA improved the average daily weight gain and the feed efficiency of the IUGR-BA group compared with the IUGR-CON group(P 0.05). The IUGR-BA group exhibited increases in the ratio of jejunal vil us height to crypt depth, in ileal vil us height, and in ileal goblet cel density. They also exhibited decreases in the numbers of jejunal and ileal apoptotic cel s and ileal proliferative cel s(P 0.05). Supplementation with BA increased interleukin 10 content, but it decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha level in the smal intestines of the IUGR-BA piglets(P 0.05). Furthermore, compared with the IUGR-CON piglets, the IUGR-BA piglets had less Escherichia coli in their jejunal digesta, but more Lactobacil us and Bifidobacterium in their ileal digesta(P 0.05).Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with BA improves morphology, decreases inflammatory response, and regulates microbiota in the smal intestines of IUGR piglets, which may contribute to improved growth performance during early life.  相似文献   

13.
【目的】 通过研究槲皮素对猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）感染仔猪肠道形态、肠道抗氧化功能及空肠脂质代谢相关基因相对表达量的影响,旨在探讨槲皮素对PEDV感染仔猪肠道的保护作用。【方法】 选取18头健康的7日龄断奶仔猪,随机分为3组：对照组、PEDV组和槲皮素＋PEDV组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期8 d,于试验第0~7天,对槲皮素＋PEDV组仔猪每天口腔灌服10 mg/kg BW的槲皮素,其余组灌服等体积的人工奶。于试验第5天晚上给PEDV组和槲皮素＋PEDV组仔猪口腔灌服104.5TCID50的PEDV,对照组仔猪灌服相同体积的PBS溶液。于试验第8天早上屠宰,取仔猪十二指肠、空肠、回肠及结肠组织样品进行检测。【结果】 与对照组相比,PEDV组仔猪空肠和回肠的绒毛高度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值极显著降低（P<0.01）,空肠、回肠和结肠中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）的活力显著降低（P<0.05）,十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠中过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活力显著降低（P<0.05）,回肠和结肠中丙二醛（MDA）的含量显著升高（P<0.05）,空肠中载脂蛋白A1（APOA1）、载脂蛋白B （APOB）、载脂蛋白C2（APOC2）、脂肪酸结合蛋白2（FABP2）、酰基辅酶A合成酶长链家族成员3（ACSL-3）和脂肪酸合酶（FASN）基因的相对表达量极显著下调（P<0.01）。与PEDV组相比,槲皮素＋PEDV组仔猪空肠和回肠的绒毛高度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值极显著提高（P<0.01）,空肠、回肠和结肠中GSH-Px和T-SOD的活力显著提高（P<0.05）,十二指肠、空肠和结肠中CAT的活力显著提高（P<0.05）,回肠和结肠中MDA的含量显著降低（P<0.05）,空肠中APOB、FABP2和FASN基因的相对表达量极显著上调（P<0.01）。【结论】 添加槲皮素可有效缓解PEDV感染导致的仔猪肠道损伤,提高仔猪肠道抗氧化能力以及空肠脂质代谢的能力。  相似文献   

14.
The objective of this study was to determine whether a strain of Chlamydia suis shown previously to be an intestinal pathogen in gnotobiotic piglets could cause diarrhea and intestinal lesions in young weanling pigs. Pigs from 2 sows were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Group 1 included 13 pigs that were weaned at 24 hours of age and then housed in isolator units and fed milk replacer and unmedicated starter ration. Group 2 included 8 pigs that nursed their respective sows, consumed unmedicated starter ration, and were weaned at 21 days of age. Ten pigs in group 1 and 6 pigs in group 2 were inoculated orally with 4 x 108 inclusion-forming units of C. suis strain R27 at 21 days of age. Control pigs were inoculated with sham inoculum. The pigs were necropsied 5-14 days postinoculation (DPI). None of the Chlamydia-infected pigs developed diarrhea. Villus atrophy was seen histologically in sections of ileum from Chlamydia-infected pigs in both groups 5 and 7 days DPI. Lymphangitis and multiple lymphohistiocytic and neutrophilic aggregates were seen in the submucosa, tunica muscularis, and serosa of the distal jejunum, ileum, and colon from Chlamydia-infected pigs in both groups 5-14 DPI. Immunostaining of sections of distal jejunum, ileum, and colon from infected pigs revealed chlamydial antigen in intestinal epithelium and in foci of lymphangitis/inflammation. The results indicated that C. suis strain R27 can cause intestinal lesions in young weanling pigs, and the lesions are similar to those seen in gnotobiotic piglets. The results also indicated that strain R27 causes asymptomatic intestinal infections in young weanling pigs, at least under the conditions of this study.  相似文献   

15.
Early colonization of intestinal microbiota during the neonatal stage plays an important role on the development of intestinal immune system and nutrients absorption of the host. Compared to the normal birth weight(NBW)piglets, intrauterine growth restricted(IUGR) piglets have a different intestinal microbiota during their early life,which is related to maternal imprinting on intestinal microbial succession during gestation, at birth and via suckling.Imbalanced allocation of limited nutrients among fetuses during gestation could be one of the main causes for impaired intestinal development and microbiota colonization in neonatal IUGR piglets. In this review, we summarized the potential impact of maternal imprinting on the colonization of the intestinal microbiota in IUGR piglets, including maternal undernutrition, imbalanced allocation of nutrients among fetuses, as well as vertical microbial transmission from mother to offspring during gestation and lactation. At the same time, we give information about the current maternal nutritional strategies(mainly breastfeeding, probiotics and prebiotics) to help colonization of the advantageous intestinal microbiota for IUGR piglets.  相似文献   

16.
Cell surface glycoconjugate expression of endothelial cells in canine cutaneous hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas was compared to normal cutaneous endothelial cells using eight different lectins (with and without neuraminidase pretreatment) in an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Direct comparison of lectin binding pattern of neoplastic endothelial cells with adjacent normal endothelial cells revealed minor changes in the binding intensity of several lectins (enhanced: Wheat germ agglutinin [WGA]; reduced: Griffonia simplicifolia-I [GS-I], Ricinus communis agglutinin-I [RCA-I], Soybean agglutinin after neuraminidase pretreatment [Neu-SBA], and Wheat germ agglutinin after neuraminidase treatment [Neu-WGA]). Neoplastic endothelial cells in some tumors exhibited varying binding of Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (UEA-I; not binding to normal canine endothelial cells) and no Soybean agglutinin (SBA) binding (variably binding to normal endothelial cells in small cutaneous vessels). Lectin binding of neoplastic cells was rather heterogenous within one tumor compared to the uniform binding pattern of normal endothelial cells. These lectin binding studies demonstrate the phenotypic heterogeneity of neoplastic endothelial cells, indicating changes of cell surface glycosylation during neoplastic transformation.  相似文献   

17.
The pathogenesis of intestinal cryptosporidiosis was studied in 52 conventionally reared and 20 gnotobiotically reared piglets by inoculation with different doses of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. The prepatent period of C. parvum in both groups of animals were variable, depending on the number of oocysts administered. The patent period of C. parvum in conventionally reared piglets was 8 or 9 days; in gnotobiotic piglets cryptosporidia were found in feces until Day post infection (DPI) 16, when the last piglet was necropsied. Cryptosporidiosis in conventionally reared piglets is a self-limited diarrheal disease associated with morphological changes within the intestine. The most severe lesion was seen in the posterior jejunum and ileum from DPI 3 to DPI 7, and consisted of villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltration in the lamina propria. In gnotobiotic piglets cryptosporidia induced severe enterocolitis which occurred at least until DPI 16. The characteristics of enteric lesions were similar to those found in conventionally reared piglets. Intestinal cryptosporidiosis in both groups of animals shifted in the course of infection in the caudal direction and terminated in the large intestine. Examination by scanning electron microscope showed that infected absorptive cells had thicker and longer microvilli than those on non-infected cells; neighboring non-infected cells were hypertrophic, bulbously protuberant with minute microvilli with no distinct intercellular borders. Numerous cryptosporidia in the heterotopic glandular epithelium in the submucosa of cecum and colon on DPI 9 and 10 were found. No differences in the location and degree of cryptosporidial infection between colostrum-fed and colostrum-deprived conventionally reared piglets were found. Sow's colostrum does not appear to protect piglets from C. parvum infection. The role of intestinal microflora in the pathogenesis of cryptosporidiosis in piglets is discussed.  相似文献   

18.
This study was conducted to investigate host–microbiota interactions and explore the effects of maternal gut microbiota transplantation on the growth and intestinal functions of newborns in a germ-free (GF) pig model. Twelve hysterectomy-derived GF Bama piglets were reared in 6 sterile isolators. Among them, 6 were considered as the GF group, and the other 6 were orally inoculated with healthy sow fecal suspension as fecal microbiota transplanted (FMT) group. Another 6 piglets from natural birth were regarded as the conventional (CV) group. The GF and FMT groups were hand-fed with Co60-γ-irradiated sterile milk powder, while the CV group was reared by lactating Bama sows. All groups were fed for 21 days. Then, all piglets and then were switched to sterile feed for another 21 days. Results showed that the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in the GF group decreased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the serum urea nitrogen concentration and digesta pH values in the GF group increased compared with those in the FMT and CV groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the CV group, the GF group demonstrated upregulation in the mRNA expression levels of intestinal barrier function-related genes in the small intestine (P < 0.05). In addition, the mRNA abundances of intestinal development and absorption-related genes in the small intestine and colon were higher in the GF group than in the CV and FMT groups (P < 0.05). The FMT group exhibited greater growth performance, lipase activity, and nutrient digestibility (P < 0.05), higher mRNA expression levels of intestinal development and barrier-related genes in the small intestine (P < 0.05), and lower mRNA abundances of pro-inflammatory factor in the colon and jejunum (P < 0.05) than the CV group. In conclusion, the absence of gut microbes impaired the growth and nutrient digestibility, and healthy sow gut microbiota transplantation increased the growth and nutrient digestibility and improved the intestinal development and barrier function of newborn piglets, indicating the importance of intestinal microbes for intestinal development and functions.  相似文献   

19.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加中药复方发酵粉对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和消化酶活性的影响。选择32头体重为（14.96±0.96）kg的健康42日龄"杜×长×大"三元断奶仔猪,随机分成4个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其余3组分别在基础日粮的基础上添加金霉素75 mg/kg、中药复方发酵粉600 mg/kg及金霉素75 mg/kg+中药复方发酵粉600 mg/kg。试验期为42 d。结果表明,日粮中添加中药复方发酵粉显著提高了仔猪的干物质、有机物和碳水化合物的表观消化率及表观消化能（P<0.05）,提高了必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸（甘氨酸、天冬氨酸、丙氨酸、胱氨酸、酪氨酸）的表观消化率及脂肪酶活性（十二指肠、空肠、回肠）和淀粉酶活性（回肠）（P<0.05）。金霉素和中药复方发酵粉对仔猪日增重、粗脂肪和粗蛋白质的表观消化率及表观消化能和亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、丝氨酸的表观消化率有显著的交互效应（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,金霉素组和中药复方发酵粉组显著提高了日增重、粗脂肪和粗蛋白质的表观消化率及苯丙氨酸和丝氨酸的表观消化率（P<0.05）,但两组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。由此可见,日粮中添加600 mg/kg中药复方发酵粉能提高断奶仔猪养分表观消化率、氨基酸表观消化率和肠道消化酶活性。  相似文献   

20.
中草药添加剂对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道菌群的影响   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  
本试验选用28日龄杜长大断奶仔猪135头,按随机区组设计分成5组;对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%的中草药提取物,抗生素组在基础日粮中添加20mg/kg硫酸粘杆菌素和100mg/kg杆菌肽锌,研究中草药复方对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道菌群的影响。结果表明:中草药组的腹泻率比对照组分别降低47.6%、51.2%和45.2%(P0.05),与抗生素组无显著差异(P0.05)。肠道菌群DGGE图谱显示,中草药组仔猪直肠粪样相似性指数大于60%,0.5%中草药组微生物多样性最高;DGGE图谱中3条特异条带的序列与GenBank登录的相关序列的相似性都大于90%。  相似文献   

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