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《江西饲料》2021,(2):49-50
恒温动物维持高而恒定的体温对于其生存至关重要,而体温的维持具有较高的能量代价,体温调节是经典的生理学问题.甲状腺激素是由甲状腺细胞分泌,包括甲状腺素(T4)和三碘甲状腺原氨素(T3),T4经过碘甲腺原氨酸脱碘酶Ⅱ(DIO2)脱碘后生成T3而起作用,甲状腺激素能够提高能量代谢、促进生长发育并提高神经系统的兴奋性.甲状腺激素代谢紊乱会发展为甲亢(甲状腺机能亢进)或甲减(甲状腺机能减弱)疾病,遗传、药物、长期应激等是形成甲亢的主要因素,发病率较高且难以治疗.关于甲状腺激素调节代谢产热的作用机制,已有研究认为主要通过中枢调控通路或外周直接作用于器官调节细胞的代谢过程,前期研究已发现肠道微生物能够调节宿主动物的能量代谢.甲状腺功能紊乱是否与肠道菌群失衡有关从而导致能量代谢和产热的变化?对于这一问题的解释,能够揭示恒温动物的体温调节机制,并为认识甲状腺疾病的成因和治疗方法提供科学依据. 相似文献
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《现代畜牧兽医》2021,(5)
试验旨在研究氟暴露对大鼠内分泌系统的影响。选取24只健康SD大鼠随机分为2组,通过饮水添加221 mg/L氟化钠(相当于100 mg/L氟离子),建立氟暴露大鼠模型。分别在试验处理第30 d和第60 d采集血液和甲状腺,运用放射免疫法检测血清中甲状腺素、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和胰岛素含量。结果表明,加氟组大鼠甲状腺指数、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)、血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)和血清游离四碘甲腺原氨酸(FT4)含量显著降低(P0.05),但血清肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和胰岛素含量无显著变化(P0.05)。研究表明,过量的氟对大鼠血清甲状腺激素含量影响较大。 相似文献
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为了初步建立黑叶猴、广西猕猴、熊猴外周血清中促甲状腺激素(TSH)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)的参考值范围，本试验分别在2017年6月和2017年12月对南宁市动物园内6只黑叶猴、6只广西猕猴、6只熊猴称重并采血，用电化学发光免疫法检测血清中的TSH、T3、T4、FT3、FT4水平，并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果显示：(1)黑叶猴组、广西猕猴组、熊猴组的平均体重在上、下半年无差异(P>0.05)。(2)黑叶猴组、广西猕猴组、熊猴组TSH水平分别为≤0.05、≤0.18和≤0.09μIU/mL,T3水平分别为(1.456±0.684)、(2.827±1.203)和(2.478±0.445)nmol/L,T4水平分别为(60.096±20.047)、(92.328±32.137)和(61.106±10.610)nmol/L,FT3水平分别为(4.798±1.022)、(6.727±2.145)和(7.011±1.125)pmol/L,FT4水平分别为(16.787±1.872)、(12.617±3.917)和(8... 相似文献
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前言甲状腺激素为生长所必需。甲状腺激素包括甲状腺素(T_4)和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T_3)。它们均由甲状腺合成,因此,甲状腺对调节代谢具有重要作用。 Turner等(1944)发现碘结合酪蛋白(即碘酪蛋白,约含碘6％)具有甲状腺激素活性。此后,研究人员相继进行了碘酪蛋白用于畜牧生产的研究,迄今已取得了相当好的成果,在提高产蛋量、泌乳量方面效果尤为显著。 相似文献
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围产期患高发代谢病奶牛T_4、T_3、TSH、I含量动态变化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验以处于围产期的68头奶牛(以健康经产牛为对照组,患酮病、脂肪肝、胎衣不下牛为试验组)为研究对象,在奶牛产前第15,8,1天和产后第1,8,15,22天分别采集颈静脉血检测血清中甲状腺激素[四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)]、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、碘(I)的含量。结果表明:健康的经产牛围产期血清中T4、T3、TSH、I均呈现波浪式动态变化,最高值分别出现在产前第1天、产后第22天、产后第1天、产前第15天;TSH最低值出现在产前第15天,其他检测指标最低值出现在产后第1天。患酮病的奶牛和患脂肪肝的奶牛围产期处于缺碘状态,其产后甲状腺机能出现减退;患脂肪肝期间同时伴发甲状腺功能减退症;患胎衣不下的奶牛围产期碘含量低于正常值,其产犊前后伴发亚临床甲状腺功能减退症。数据统计结果显示:奶牛血清中T4与TSH、T3、I的相关系数分别为-0.749,0.535,0.691;T3与TSH、I的相关系数分别为-0.502,0.457。 相似文献
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甲状腺素(T_4)和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T_3)是甲状腺分泌的具有生物活性的两种激素。甲状腺素的生理作用十分广泛,主要促进动物机体的生长发育和全身代谢,促进脑和长骨的生长发育。其促进作用与动物的年龄有关,年龄越小,作用越显著。当幼畜甲状腺功能减退时,生长发育则明显受阻。 相似文献
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为研究饲粮碘添加水平对五龙鹅免疫性能、甲状腺功能和组织形态的影响，本试验将360只1日龄五龙鹅随机分成6个处理，每处理6个重复，每重复10只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮（碘含量0.0191 mg/kg），试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.15、0.3、0.6、1.2 mg/kg和2.4 mg/kg碘，试验期4周。结果表明：与对照组相比，添加0.3 mg/kg碘提高了胸腺指数（P<0.01）、法氏囊指数（P<0.05），降低甲状腺重量及指数（P<0.01），降低促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平（P<0.01），提高血清三碘甲腺原氨酸（T3）、四碘甲腺原氨酸（T4）水平（P<0.05）；可明显改善甲状腺组织形态。由此可见，饲粮中添加0.3 mg/kg碘可提高1～4周龄五龙鹅免疫性能和甲状腺功能，改善甲状腺组织形态。 相似文献
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Géraldine Bolen Fabrice Audigié Mathieu Spriet Filip Vandenberghe Valeria Busoni 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2010
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has become an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of foot pain in horses. The aim of this study was to qualitatively compare ex-vivo MR images of the same equine feet obtained at three magnetic field strengths: 0.27, 1.5, and 3 tesla (T). Ten cadaver feet were used. All feet were imaged with two high-field systems (3T, 1.5T) and with a low-field (LF) system at 0.27 T designed for standing horses. Images were acquired using similar pulse sequences in all 3 MR units. MR images were subjectively evaluated by three independent experienced image analysts for image quality and clarity of visualization of individual anatomical structures using a four-point grading scale. The images from all of the examinations were considered to be of diagnostic value except for the hoof capsule where substantial artifacts were present in LF images with distortion and loss of signal at the dorsal/distal aspect of the hoof capsule in LF images. Anatomical structure scoring values of images obtained at 3T and 1.5T were significantly greater than scores of images obtained at 0.27T. Scores for images obtained at 3T were significantly higher than those for images obtained at 1.5T. Mean score differences between 1.5T and 3T were higher for cartilage of the distal interphalangeal joint and for the ungular cartilages. 相似文献
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Martin-Vaquero P da Costa RC Echandi RL Sammet CL Knopp MV Sammet S 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):427-429
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) to study the concentration of metabolites in the brain of dogs at 3.0 and 7.0 T. Four healthy male beagles were scanned using 3.0 T and 7.0 T human magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) units. The results obtained showed that all dogs had excellent quality spectra for a small (1 cm3) and large (8 cm3) voxel at 3.0 T, whereas only 2 dogs had high quality spectra at 7.0 T due to insufficient water suppression. 1H MRS at 3.0 T appears to be a reliable method to study metabolite concentrations in the canine brain. The development of more advanced water suppression techniques is necessary to improve the results at 7.0 T. 相似文献
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Kozat S 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(5):1135-1137
BACKGROUND: Selenium (Se) deficiency is an important etiological factor in Nutritional Myodegeneration Disease (NMD) of lambs, and Se is required for synthesis of thyroid hormones. HYPOTHESIS: That serum T4 and T3 concentrations in lambs with NMD will be abnormal. ANIMALS: Ten healthy lambs and 15 lambs with NMD were included in the study. METHODS: Serum thyroid hormone concentrations were measured by chemiluminescence assay in samples collected from control and NMD lambs before and after treatment with a preparation containing sodium selenite, vitamin E, and vitamin B1, which was administered subcutaneously to lambs with NMD twice, with a 2-week interval. RESULTS: Before treatment, serum concentrations of fT3 and TT3 in lambs with NMD were lower than those of control group (P < .001), while serum concentrations of fT4 and TT4 in lambs with NMD were significantly higher than those of control group (P < .001, P < .01, respectively). Similarly, serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values in lambs with NMD were significantly higher compared with those of control (P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .01, and P < .05, respectively) before treatment. However, serum concentrations of Se and alpha-tocopherol in lambs with NMD were significantly lower compared with those of control (P < .001). After treatment (at day 30), none of the variables were significantly different between control and NMD lambs (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Nutritional myodegeneration in lambs is associated with abnormalities in serum thyroid concentrations. Abnormalities in serum thyroid concentrations can result from selenium deficiency in NMD lambs. Serum thyroid concentrations together with serum CK, LDH, AST, ALT, and ALP values can be considered additional tools in diagnosis and prognosis of NMD in lambs. 相似文献
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选取130日龄罗曼褐壳蛋鸡180羽,随机分为2组,每组90羽,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+2%松麦粉,研究其对蛋鸡生产性能及甲状腺功能的影响.试验期间每天记录产蛋数,每10 d每组随机取鸡蛋30枚逐一称重;于150、210 d每组随机取鸡6羽,解剖取甲状腺称重;心脏采血、分离血清,测定T3、T4水平.结果表明试验组蛋重显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);甲状腺重无显著差异;T3、T4水平和T3/T4值显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结果表明,日粮添加松麦粉可显著提高蛋鸡的生产性能,降低T3、T4水平. 相似文献
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高温对蛋鸡甲状腺重及血浆甲状腺素的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
本文研究了高温对产蛋鸡甲状腺重及血浆Ｔ４、Ｔ３水平的影响。结果表明，经高温处理后，产蛋鸡甲状腺重量减轻；血浆Ｔ４和Ｔ３水平随温度升高呈相反变化。一般高温（３０℃，短时间作用），血浆Ｔ４水平升高而Ｔ３水平下降；极端高温（３４－３５℃，长时间作用），血浆Ｔ４水平下降而Ｔ３水平升高，同时蛋鸡产热增加，产蛋量急剧下降，说明极端高温使血浆Ｔ３水平升高促进了产热增加，而采食量减少，从而影响产蛋的营养供给，是高温时产蛋率下降的重要原因之一。 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2016,25(3):407-413
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of a mixed Eimeria infection on chicken regulatory T cell (Treg) percentages, T-cell percentages, cell proliferation, and cytokine mRNA amounts. Specific-pathogen-free white leghorn birds were raised in battery cages and were challenged with and without coccidial oocysts at 21 d of age. At 6 d post challenge, birds inoculated with coccidial oocysts shed an average of 1.5 × 104 oocysts/gram of feces. At d 6 post challenge, both CD4+ and CD8+ cell percentages in the cecal tonsil were significantly (P < 0.01) increased in challenged birds compared to the control. At d 11, CD4+ cell percentages in the cecal tonsil were higher in the control birds. At 6 d post challenge there was a 6-fold increase (P = 0.18) in IL-10 mRNA content in the cecal tonsils of infected birds compared to the control. At 11 d post challenge there was a 4-fold increase (P = 0.09) in IL-10 mRNA content in the infected birds’ cecal tonsils. At 11 d post challenge there was half as much (P = 0.10) IFN-γ mRNA content in the spleen of infected birds compared to the control. At 6 d post challenge, the CD25 depleted cecal tonsils of infected birds had increased proliferation (P < 0.05) compared to the control. It could be concluded that a mixed Eimeria infection causes an up-regulation of IL-10, Tregs, and CD4+ cells in the cecal tonsils during the late stages of infection. 相似文献
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Characterization of feline T and B cells 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T Kuramochi M Takeishi T Ishida K Kato M Ishida 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(2):183-185
Feline peripheral-blood lymphocyte populations (n = 22) were examined for the following markers: rosette formation with guinea pig erythrocytes (GPE-T cells), rosette formation with human RBC (HRBC-T cells), rosette formation with sheep RBC, mixed rosette formation with GPE-T cells and HRBC-T cells (total T cells), erythrocyte antibody-complement rosettes, and surface immunoglobulin. An average of 28% +/- 7% (range, 16% to 39%) of the feline lymphocytes formed rosettes with GPE-T cells, and 27% +/- 7% (range, 11% to 36%), with HRBC-T cells. An average of 57% +/- 9% (range, 33% to 75%) of the lymphocytes formed mixed rosettes. The erythrocyte antibody-complement rosette-forming cells and surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells were found in peripheral blood lymphocytes (10% +/- 6% and 24% +/- 8%, respectively). The murine monoclonal antibodies OKT 11 and HuLy-m1, specific for a framework determinant of human E-rosette receptor antigens, cross-reacted with feline cell membrane molecules recognizing a bimolecular complex (45,000 to 50,000 daltons) similar to that described in persons. We investigated the distribution of these E-rosette receptor-like antigens on feline lymphocytes. By complement-mediated lymphocytotoxicity, about 30% of the feline lymphocytes expressed the antigens. When lymphocytes were treated with HuLy-m1 antibody, spontaneous rosette formation with HRBC-T cells was significantly inhibited. 相似文献
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Sixteen neonatal foals stressed by disease underwent endoscopic examination of their stomachs and blood was assayed for triiodothyronine (T3), reverse T3 (rT3), thyroxine (T4) and cortisol, to determine the effects of severe physiological stress and the occurrence of gastric ulcers. compared with eight age-matched controls, six foals had abnormal cortisol, seven had abnormal T3 and 12 had abnormal T4. Eleven of 13 foals had rT3 outside the 95 per cent confidence interval for clinically normal foals of comparable ages. Gastric lesions were seen more frequently in stressed foals, and gastric glandular mucosal lesions were noted in 40 per cent of the stressed foals. Previous studies report low (3 per cent) occurrence of gastric mucosal lesions. The frequency of squamous mucosal lesions was not different from that reported previously, indicating that stress has little effect on the development of lesions at this site. 相似文献
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奶牛乳中T4和T3浓度变化及其与日产奶量关系的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
采用放射免疫法，测定了中国荷斯坦牛泌乳盛，中，末期乳中Ｔ４和Ｔ３浓度。结果表明：奶牛泌乳盛期乳中Ｔ４和Ｔ３浓度均明显高于中期和末期，中期和末期之间无显著变化。奶牛在三个泌乳时期中的日产奶量与乳中期，中期与末期之间无显著变化。 相似文献