共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
青稞遗传多样性及其农艺性状与SSR标记的关联分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用92个SSR标记对108份青稞亲本材料进行多态性扫描,分析其遗传多样性,旨在寻找与农艺性状相关联的分子标记,为青稞杂交组合的配制及分子标记辅助育种提供依据。挑选48个多态性标记进行群体遗传结构分析,在此基础上采用Tassel 2.1 GLM (general linear model)和MLM (mixed linear model)方法进行标记与农艺性状的关联分析。共检测出156个等位变异,每个位点2~6个等位变异。供试群体的Shannon指数为0.6727~1.1368,材料间遗传相似系数为0.2250~1.0000,平均0.7585。通过群体遗传结构分析将供试材料划分成4个亚群。以GLM分析,发现12个与株高、穗长、穗粒数和分蘖数相关联的标记,对表型变异的解释率分别为11.5%~17.6%、19.4%~45.4%、15.4%~22.1%和29.2%;以MLM分析,发现8个与株高、分蘖数和小穗数相关的标记,各标记对表型变异的解释率分别为31.7%~49.8%、28.1%~37.2%、22.7%~32.7%。关联标记分布在基因组全部6个连锁群上。 相似文献
2.
人工合成小麦拥有丰富的有利遗传变异,可用于普通小麦的遗改良。本研究选用两个人工合成小麦改良品系构建了由284个单株组成的F2群体,基于1 671具有染色体位置信息的多态性DAr Tseq标记构建遗传图谱,并结合该群体农艺性状(株高,穗长,穗颈节长,小穗数,穗粒数,单株有效穗数,千粒重,单株重)的表现型,利用QTL作图软件ICIMapping 4.1进行了QTL定位。结果表明,共检测到20个QTL,其中4个为株高QTL,分布于2A、3B、5B染色体上,可解释表型变异的5.4%~10.8%;4个为穗长QTL,分布于2D、3B、5B染色体上,可解释表型变异的1.4%-8.8%;3个为穗颈节长QTL,分布于1A和5A染色体上,可解释表型变异的4.6%~12.2%;2个为穗粒数QTL,分布于3D和5A染色体上,可解释表型变异的18.9%~29.8%;1个为单株有效穗数QTL,分布于2A染色体上,可解释表型变异10.2%;5个为千粒重QTL,分布于1B、5A、5B、5D和7B染色体上,可解释表型变异的8.9%~10.9%;1个为位于7B染色体上的单株重QTL,可解释表型变异的6.1%。同时,在5B和7B染色体上存在控制多个性状的同一QTL位点。利用生物信息学的方法,筛选到1个千粒重相关的候选基因。以上结果可为人工合成小麦农艺性状QTL精细定位、分子标记辅助选择育种和基因克隆奠定基础。 相似文献
3.
《分子植物育种》2017,(11)
籽粒粒型性状在优质高产大麦育种过程中是一种重要的目标性状。为了了解中国青藏高原青稞育成品种中籽粒性状的表型及遗传特征,本研究以60份青稞育成品种为材料,对其各个品种的粒长、粒宽和千粒重3个性状进行了考察,利用TASSEL软件中的MLM模型对籽粒的3个粒型性状进行了条件和非条件关联分析,并利用BSA方法对影响粒型性状的位点进行了发掘。结果表明,青稞育成品种间存在丰富的籽粒粒型变异。分别发现了8个、7个与13个SRAP标记与粒宽、粒长与千粒重呈显著关联,其中的6个SRAP位点在条件关联分析中也被发现,条件关联分析的结果表明青稞千粒重受粒宽的影响大于受粒长影响较小。相关性分析也得到相似结果。同时利用BSA方法,检测到了80个SRAP标记与粒型性状相关,其中的6个标记在非条件关联分析中找到。这些结果可以为青稞的籽粒粒型改良和高产青稞育种提供帮助。 相似文献
4.
黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)产量性状与分子标记的关联分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为了获得与小麦产量性状关联的分子标记,筛选相关标记的等位变异,以128份黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)为材料,在4个环境下鉴定产量性状,并选用在小麦全基因组21条染色体上的64个SSR标记、27个EST-SSR标记和47个功能标记检测所有材料的基因型。91个SSR和EST-SSR标记共检测到315个等位变异,单个引物检测到2~7个等位变异,平均3.5个;47个功能标记共检测到107个等位变异,单个引物检测到2~5个等位变异,平均2.3个。关联分析表明,49个位点与4个环境的产量性状及其均值显著关联(P≤0.005),其中38个位点在2个或以上环境或均值下被重复验证,16个位点与2个或以上性状相关联。对相对稳定的等位变异作进一步分析,发掘了一批与产量性状相关的优异等位变异,如降低株高的等位变异Ax2*-null和UMN19*-A362,增加穗长的等位变异barc21-A220,增加可育小穗数的等位变异gpw2111-A156,增加总小穗数的等位变异swes65-A120,增加穗数的等位变异VRN-A1*-A1068,增加穗粒数的等位变异cfd5-A215和增加千粒重的等位变异wmc626-A170。研究结果对利用分子标记辅助选择进行小麦产量性状的遗传改良具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
5.
6.
利用高密度SNP 遗传图谱定位小麦穗部性状基因 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
小麦穗部性状之间相关性密切, 其中穗粒数和千粒重是重要的产量构成要素, 挖掘与穗部性状相关联的基因位点对分子标记辅助育种及解释基因效应具有重要意义。本研究以RIL群体(山农01-35×藁城9411) 173个F8:9株系为材料, 利用90 k小麦SNP基因芯片、DArT芯片技术及传统的分子标记技术构建的高密度遗传图谱, 在5个环境下进行穗部相关性状QTL定位。检测到位于1B、4B、5B、6A染色体上7个控制千粒重的加性QTL, 解释表型变异率6.00%~36.30%, 加性效应均来自大粒母本山农01-35; 检测到8个控制穗长的加性QTL, 解释表型变异率14.34%~25.44%; 3个控制穗粒数的加性QTL; 5个控制可育小穗数的加性QTL; 3个控制不育小穗数的加性QTL, 贡献率为8.70%~37.70%; 4个控制总小穗数的加性QTL; 6个控制小穗密度的加性QTL。通过基因型与环境互作分析, 检测到32个加性QTL, 解释表型变异率0.05%~1.05%。在4B染色体区段EX_C101685–RAC875_C27536检测到控制粒重、穗长、穗粒数、可育小穗数、不育小穗数、总小穗数的一因多效QTL,其贡献率为5.40%~37.70%, 该位点在多个环境中被检测到, 是稳定主效QTL。在6A染色体wPt-0959-TaGw2-CAPS区间上检测到控制粒重、总小穗数的QTL。研究结果为穗部性状的分子标记开发、基因精细定位和功能基因克隆奠定了基础。 相似文献
7.
解析穗粒数、小穗数和粒重及其QTLs间的遗传关联,有利于大麦穗发育遗传和标记辅助选择研究。本研究采用SPSS 19.0软件分析了25份试验材料的小穗数、千粒重和穗粒数的表型差异,以及不同性状及其QTLs间的遗传关联性。结果表明小穗数等3个性状具有显著或极显著差异,育种品种的小穗数和穗粒数与地方品种的没有明显差异,大多数育成品种的千粒重显著或极显著高于地方品种的,二棱大麦的小穗数、穗粒数和千粒重没有显著差异,但六棱大麦的具有显著或极显著差异;小穗数与穗粒数极显著正相关,偏相关系数为0.835;在试验材料中共检测到4个小穗数QTLs、6个穗粒数QTL和6个千粒重遗QTLs,16个QTLs分别位于1H、2H和4H等6条染色体上,其中QSn-4HS等8个QTLs具有增效作用、其余QTLs具有减效作用。与标记HVM40-258 bp连锁的QTL对小穗数和穗粒数具有一因多效特性性。小穗数等3个穗部性状分别受遗传效应不同的QTLs控制,QTL多效性导致了小穗数与穗粒数关联遗传。 相似文献
8.
马铃薯主要农艺性状的SSR标记关联分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2016,(11)
本研究利用51对SSR标记对148份马铃薯种质材料进行多态性扫描,群体遗传结构分析,在此基础上采用Tassel 2.1的MLM(mixed linear model)分析策略进行标记与马铃薯6个主要农艺性状的关联分析。分析检测到11个标记与6个农艺性状相关联且达到极显著水平(p0.01),各标记对表型变异的解释率范围为0.082 9~0.498 8,部分标记与两个性状相关联。检测到与商品薯率相关联的标记共7个,分别为:Sti13、Ac58、Sti01、Stm1041、Sti19、Stm2012、Sti51;Sti06和Stm2007标记与株高相关联;与开花时间、分枝、单株薯重和单株茎叶鲜重相关的标记各1个,分别为:Ac58、Stm5136、Sti53、Sti53。研究进一步解析了各等位变异的表型效应,并对相应的载体材料进行挖掘。研究分析所得到的与农艺性状显著关联的SSR标记位点及其表型效应分析可在等位基因发掘、亲本组配、以及分子标记辅助选择等方面为育种工作提供参考。 相似文献
9.
为寻找与薏苡农艺性状相关联的分子标记,在分析遗传多样性和群体结构的基础上,本研究通过对浏阳、耘园、桃源等试验基地82份薏苡种质资源的7个农艺性状数据和SRAP分子标记进行关联分析,发现有15对引物与薏苡7个农艺性状显著关联,它们的变异解释率范围在6.75%～18.64%之间。其中引物me8/em8与3个试验基地的薏苡千粒重极显著相关联;引物me2/em6与2个试验基地的薏苡性状粒宽和主茎茎粗显著相关联;引物me1/em7与2个试验基地的薏苡性状千粒重显著相关联。研究结果为薏苡分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
大麦农艺性状和子粒支链淀粉的多元分析与评价 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
为了解高支链淀粉大麦种质资源的表型特性,以16份高支链淀粉含量的大麦种质资源为材料,通过主成分分析和聚类分析研究了9个主要农艺性状的遗传多样性。结果表明,9个农艺性状中芒长的变异系数最大,为43.26%,单穗粒数次之,子粒粒宽的变异系数最小,为4.76%。主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率为78.844%,可依次归类为子粒大小控制因子、穗粒数控制因子和株型控制因子。相关性分析结果显示,支链淀粉含量与株高呈极显著负相关。采用类平均法聚类将参试的16份大麦种质资源分为4个大类,第一、二类属于矮秆低产型;第三类的千粒重和芒均最长,可以作为以千粒重为选拔对象的亲本;第四类属于高秆型。为了改良糯大麦种质甘垦5号和C2-1的农艺性状可从第四类材料中选择优异亲本。结合主成分分析和聚类分析,能较好地对参试种质资源主要农艺性状做出综合评价,为高支链淀粉大麦遗传育种提供优良的种质资源,为合理选配亲本提供参考。 相似文献
11.
Molecular diversity of 40 accessions of Tibetan wild barley (TB), 10 Syrian (SY), 72 North American (NA), 36 European (EU),
9 South American (SA) and 8 Australian (AU) varieties were characterized using multiple microsatellite loci. The 42 SSR primers
amplified 278 alleles across the 175 barley accessions tested in the present study. The average gene diversity for the whole
sample was 0.3387 whereas the mean value for the each population was as follows: TB = 0.3286, SY = 0.2474, EU = 0.299, AU = 0.2867,
NA = 0.3138, SA = 0.2536. Clustering analysis based on Nei’s original genetic distance showed that the EU and NA barley populations
were grouped together. The TB population was well separated from the other 5 barley populations. Associations between microsatellite
markers and 14 quantitative traits were also investigated. Significant associations were found for 18 microsatellite marker
loci. The number of marker loci associated with each trait ranged from one (stem diameter, filled grains per plant, grain
weight per plant, length of main spike and awn length) to seven (plant height). The percentage of the total variation explained
by each marker ranged from 4.59% (HVM2 associated with plant height) to 17.48% (Bmac90 associated with density of main spike). This study provides candidate markers for further QTL mapping of these traits and
for marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
12.
QTL mapping of yield-related traits in the wheat germplasm 3228 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The new wheat germplasm 3228, a putative derivative of tetraploid Agropyron cristatum Z559 and the common wheat Fukuhokomugi, has superior features in yield-related traits, particularly in spike morphological
traits, such as large spike and superior grain number. To identify favorable alleles of these traits in 3228, 237 F2:3 families were developed from the cross 3228/Jing 4839. A genetic map was constructed using 179 polymorphic SSR and EST-SSR
markers. A total of 76 QTL controlling spike number per plant (SNP), spike length (SL), spikelet number per spike (SNS), floret
number per spikelet (FNS), grain number per spike (GNS) and thousand-grain weight (TGW) were detected on 16 chromosomes. Each
QTL explained 1.24–27.01% of the phenotypic variation, and 9 QTL (28.95%) were detected in two or all environments. Additive
effects of 45 QTL were positive with 3228 alleles increasing the QTL effects, 31 QTL had negative effects indicating positive
contributions from Jing 4839. Three important clusters involving all traits were located on chromosomes 5A, 6A and 4B, and
several co-located QTL were also found. Most of the QTL detected on the three chromosome regions could contribute to the use
of 3228 in breeding for grain yield improvement. 相似文献
13.
大麦种质资源成株期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Yin-Ping XU Yong-Dong PAN Qiang-De LIU Yuan-Hu YAO Yan-Chun JIA Cheng REN Ke-Cang HUO Wen-Qing CHEN Feng ZHAO Qi-Jun BAO Hua-Yu ZHANG 《作物学报》2020,46(3):448-461
干旱是影响大麦生产的主要因素之一。在鉴定大麦种质资源成株期抗旱性的基础上,筛选抗旱指标,可为培育抗旱品种提供依据。本研究在2016和2017年在大麦生长主要需水期平均降雨量不足40 mm的甘肃省武威市进行田间试验,以30份大麦种质资源为研究对象,设置正常灌水和干旱胁迫处理,测定大麦株高、穗长、分蘖数、单株粒数、单株粒重、穗粒数、千粒重和产量,采用抗旱性度量值(D)、综合抗旱系数(CDC)、加权抗旱系数(WDC)、相关分析、频次分析、主成分分析、灰色关联度分析、隶属函数分析、聚类分析和逐步回归分析相结合的办法,对其进行抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标的筛选。干旱胁迫对测定的各指标均有极显著影响。频次分析表明,各指标对干旱胁迫反应的敏感程度依次为产量、株高、单株粒重、穗长、单株粒数、分蘖数、穗粒数和千粒重。相关分析表明,产量与株高、穗长、分蘖数、单株粒数和单株粒重呈极显著正相关,与穗粒数呈显著正相关、与千粒重呈不显著正相关。主成分分析表明,5个主成分可以代表大麦抗旱性86.39%的原始数据信息量。基于D值、CDC值和WDC值的大麦种质资源抗旱性排序基本一致。灰色关联度分析表明,各指标单项抗旱系数值与D值间的关联度依次为产量、单株粒重、单株粒数、穗长、株高、分蘖、穗粒数和千粒重,各指标DC值与WDC值间的关联大小依次为单株粒重、产量、单株粒数、分蘖、穗长、穗粒数、株高和千粒重。根据D值进行聚类分析,将供试大麦种质资源依据抗旱性从强到弱分为5个抗旱等级,其中1级5份、2级1份、3级11份、4级10份、5级3份。除分蘖和千粒重外,其余指标的隶属函数值、CDC值、D值和WDC值均随着抗旱级别的升高而增大。回归分析表明, 5个测定指标均与D值密切相关。干旱胁迫对大麦种质资源成株期各指标均有极显著影响。确定了D值为适宜的抗旱鉴定指标。筛选出成株期抗旱性强的大麦种质资源甘啤7号、Z06-278-9、MERIT、NEVADA和西藏25,可为大麦抗旱育种、抗旱机制以及干旱调控缓解机制的研究提供技术支持。穗长、单株粒数、单株粒重、穗粒数、产量可作为大麦种质资源成株期简单、直观的抗旱评价指标。 相似文献
14.
Berhane Lakew Robert J. Henry Salvatore Ceccarelli Stefania Grando Jason Eglinton Michael Baum 《Euphytica》2013,189(1):9-29
Associations between markers and drought related traits were investigated on a set of 57 advanced barley breeding lines, carrying various levels of introgression from Hordeum spontaneum lines 41-1 and 41-5, the best sources of drought tolerance in the ICARDA barley breeding program, using 74 simple sequences repeats (SSR) and 20 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. The 57 lines were evaluated for grain yield and drought related traits for three years (2003/04, 2004/05, 2005/06) in nine Mediterranean low rainfall environments. A high level of polymorphism was found with SSR markers, and the mean polymorphism information content and gene diversity values were 0.67 and 0.71, respectively. The number of alleles per locus varied from 2 to 11, with an average of 5.8 alleles per marker. Considering all the 57 lines, the linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis was significant at a comparison-wise P?<?0.01 level in nearly 9 % of the SSR marker pairs used and a decay of LD was observed to a value of r 2?<?0.2 at a genetic distance of 40?cM. The association analysis revealed a total of 147 significant marker?Ctrait associations for grain yield and drought related traits. A total of 72 (49 %) marker?Ctrait associations showed favorable effects of the exotic germplasm where the H. spontaneum lines contributed to an improvement of the trait under drought stress conditions. The number of significant marker?Ctrait associations per trait were: 12 for growth habit; 2 for growth vigor; 11 for peduncle extrusion; 5 for number of grains per spike; 20 for peduncle length; 16 for days to heading; 20 for plant height; 8 for spike length; 17 for thousand kernel weight; 30 for grain yield; 4 for harvest index and 2 for biological yield. The phenotypic variation explained by individual marker?Ctrait associations ranged from 7.6 % to 36.2 %. The identification of genomic regions associated with grain yield and drought related traits is useful for the genetic improvement of cultivars better adapted to drought stress environments. Thus, the present study is encouraging in identifying significant marker?Ctrait associations through LD based association mapping analysis, which could complement and augment previous quantitative trait loci information for the potential use of Marker Assisted Selection for drought. 相似文献
15.
小麦穗部性状与产量密切相关,挖掘穗部性状基因及其关联分子标记具有重要意义。本研究以周8425B?小偃81衍生的RIL群体(F8)为材料,利用90k芯片标记构建的高密度遗传图谱对3个环境下的穗长、小穗数、不育小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重进行QTL定位。共检测到19条染色体上的71个QTL,变异解释率(PVE)范围为2.10%~45.25%,其中37个位点为主效QTL(PVE10%)。QSl.nafu-6A.2(穗长)、QSl.nafu-7A(穗长)、QSsn.nafu-2A.1(不育小穗数)、QSsn.nafu-2D(不育小穗数)和QGns.nafu-2B(穗粒数)在多个环境中被检测到,且LOD10,PVE20%。位于同一个基因簇中的QSl.nafu-6A.2(穗长)、QGns.nafu-6A(穗粒数)和QTgw.nafu-6A(千粒重)在多个环境中被检测到,且与已报道的相关位点位置相同或相近,在分子标记辅助育种中具有较大参考价值。 相似文献
16.
小麦芒长抑制基因B1近等基因系的鉴定及遗传分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
芒是小麦穗部重要的光合器官之一。本研究以一对芒长度存在差异的近等基因系SN051-1(长芒)与SN051-2(短芒)为材料,对其形态性状、穗和旗叶光合能力进行了调查,对芒长性状进行了遗传分析和分子标记分析。结果表明,SN051-1与SN051-2在抽穗期、开花期、株高、穗长、每株穗数、小穗数和穗粒数等性状方面均表现一致,仅芒的长度差异明显;SN051-1穗部的光合效率高于SN051-2穗部的光合效率,其千粒重也高于SN051-2;遗传分析证明二者芒性的遗传由单基因控制,短芒为显性。此外,我们筛选获得一个与芒长性状紧密连锁的、位于5A染色体长臂的SSR标记Xgwm291,与该基因间的遗传距离为4.99cM。因此,我们初步推断SN051-1与SN051-2可能是为位于5A染色体长臂的芒抑制基因B1的近等基因系。 相似文献
17.
小麦籽粒产量及穗部相关性状的QTL定位 总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5
由小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57杂交获得DH群体168个株系,种植于3个环境中,利用305个SSR标记对籽粒产量和穗部相关性状(穗长、穗粒数、总小穗数、可育小穗数、小穗着生密度、千粒重和粒径)进行了QTL定位。利用基于混合线性模型的QTLNetwork 2.0软件,共检测到27个加性效应和13对上位效应位点,其中 8个加性效应位点具有环境互作效应。相关性高的性状间有一些共同的QTL位点,表现出一因多效或紧密连锁效应。5D染色体区段Xwmc215–Xgdm63,检测到控制籽粒产量、穗粒数、总小穗数、可育小穗数和小穗着生密度5个性状的QTL位点,各位点的遗传贡献率较大且遗传效应方向相同,增效等位基因均来源于豫麦57,适用于分子标记辅助育种和聚合育种。控制千粒重与穗粒数的QTL位于染色体不同区段,有利于实现穗粒数与粒重的遗传重组。 相似文献
18.
Zhang Sujun Tang Liyuan Li Xinghe Wang Haitao Liu Cunjing Zhang Xiangyun Zhang Jianhong 《棉花学报》2019,31(5):414-426
[Objective] Molecular markers associated with agronomic and yield-related traits could provide useful references for improving the efficiency of Gossypium hirsutum breeding. [Method] In 147 upland cotton materials, 237 Simple Sequence Repeat(SSR) markers were assayed for polymorphisms. The population structure was analyzed using Structure 2.2. An association analysis between SSR markers and the agronomic and yield-related traits was performed using the Tassel 2.1 General Linear Model program. [Result] The average coefficients of variation for the five indicators varied from 7.28% to 21.06%, with an average of 13.47%, which indicated that the test population had a rich phenotypic diversity. The 237 SSR markers included 690 alleles belonging to 281 loci, with an average of 2.455 0 alleles per SSR marker (ranging from 2 to 6), and the average polymorphism information content value was 0.216 5. The test group could be divided into seven subgroups using Structure software. A genome-wide association analysis was conducted on five agronomic and yield-related traits from 2013 to 2015. There were 45 SSR loci and 1 locus significantly (P＜0.01) associated with boll weight and lint percentage, which were detected in 3 or more environments, and they explained 19.30% and 11.58%, respectively, of the phenotypic variation in the different environments (P＜0.01). Nine loci were significantly (P＜0.01) associated with agronomic traits at two or more bowing times, and one, four and four markers were associated with fruit branch number, boll number and plant height, explaining 9.96%, 7.00% and 5.57%, respectively, of the phenotypic variation in different environments. Sites significantly associated with boll weight, fruit branch number and plant height were simultaneously detected near BNL2448. [Conclusion] Many loci associated with the yield and other important agronomic traits of upland cotton were repeatedly detected in different environments using an association analysis. The results provide useful reference information for cotton molecular marker-assisted selection-based breeding. 相似文献