共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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为研究芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌复合菌制剂即奶牛专用微生态制剂对奶牛生产奶性能及乳中体细胞数的影响,选择45头荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为3组,每组15头,进行为期60 d天的饲养试验,3组的基础日粮相同,1、2组分别添加0.5%、1%的奶牛专用微生态制剂,3组为对照.分析了各组的产奶量、乳脂率及体细胞数.结果表明:试验组1、2奶牛产奶量分别比对照组提高10.83%,14.28%,差异均极显著(P＜0.01);试验组1、2牛奶的乳脂率分别比对照组提高0.27%、0.34%,差异极显著(P＜0.01);试验1、2组奶中体细胞数比对照组分别低0.21%、0.26%,差异均不显著(P＞0.05).结论认为奶牛专用微生态制剂对奶牛提高产奶量、改善牛奶品质和预防奶牛隐性乳房炎的发生有积极作用. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究奶牛日粮中添加奶牛专用微生态制剂产品-金肽素对奶牛产奶量、乳品质和乳中体细胞数的影响。选择年龄、泌乳时间、产奶量相近40头高产荷斯坦牛,随机分为两组试验组和对照组,每组选择20头奶牛。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮的基础上添加奶牛专用微生态制剂产品-金肽素100 g/（头·d）,试验期共67 d,预期7 d,正试期60 d。结果发现,微生态组产奶量高于对照组,增加了19.23%,差异显著（P<0.05）;微生态组可以改善乳品质,微生态组比对照组提高乳脂率2.71%并且可以提高乳糖及乳蛋白率。整个试验期微生组体细胞数下降了2.93万/ml,而对照组增加了18.91万/ml,差异显著（P<0.05）。在高产奶牛日粮中添加奶牛专用微生态制剂产品-金肽素可以提高奶牛的产奶量、改善乳品质和降低体细胞数。 相似文献
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为研究微生态制剂对奶牛乳体细胞数、泌乳量和饲料利用率的影响,本研究以5,600头荷斯坦泌乳牛为研究对象,根据产奶量、胎次和泌乳天数等相近的原则分为试验组和对照组,每组2,800头,进行为期60d的饲喂试验。对照组保持基础日粮,试验组添加微生态制剂80g/头/d。结果表明,饲喂10d后试验组体细胞数从21.0万个/mL降低到13.8万个/mL,试验组奶牛泌乳量比对照组平均高出1.80kg/头/d,试验组的采食量及饲料利用率显著提高。综上所述,复合乳酸菌微生态制剂可以显著提高奶牛生产性能。 相似文献
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通过在奶牛饲粮中添加微生态制剂,研究其对奶牛产奶量、乳品质和肠道菌群的影响。试验从200头成年产奶牛中,选取20头年龄、胎次、泌乳月份、妊娠期、产奶量、体重基本相似且身体健康的荷斯坦奶牛,分为试验组和对照组,试验期为35 d。其中对照组按照常规方式饲养,试验组在精料中按1‰的比例加入复合微生态制剂。结果表明:对照组奶牛平均产奶量降低,每头日均产奶量减少0.36 kg(P>0.05),而试验组每头日均产奶量比对照组增加1.81 kg,增产16.97%,差异极显著(P<0.01);与对照组相比,试验组蛋白质、乳糖和非脂乳固体增加,但差异不显著(P>0.05),脂肪降低(P<0.05);最后采用PCR-DGGE技术分析奶牛肠道菌群,结果试验组肠道菌群多样性明显高于对照组,且相似性达到97%,证实微生态制剂具有调节奶牛肠道菌群平衡的作用。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究复合酶对奶牛产奶量和乳成分的影响。选择胎次、泌乳天数、产奶量相近的健康荷斯坦泌乳牛30头,随机分为2组,即试验组和对照组,试验组每日在TMR中添加复合酶制剂50g。结果显示,试验组奶牛日均产奶量对比照组提高了6．6％,差异显著（P〈0．05）;试验组乳蛋白率比对照组提高0．19％,差异显著（P〈0．05）,乳脂率比对照组提高0．3％,差异显著（P〈0．05）,乳糖含量比对照组提高0．2％;经济效益每天每头奶牛比对照组多盈利3．88K。说明每日在奶牛TMR中添加50g复合酶,可提高奶牛产奶量,改善牛奶品质,增加经济效益。 相似文献
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Peng H Wang JQ Kang HY Dong SH Sun P Bu DP Zhou LY 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(3):506-512
This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of Bacillus subtilis natto fermentation product supplementation on blood metabolites, rumen fermentation and milk production and composition in early lactation dairy cows. Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows (DIM = 29 ± 6 days, parity = 2.8 ± 1.1) were blocked by DIM and parity and then randomly assigned to three treatments (12 per treatment) in a 9-week trial. Cows in control, DFM1 and DFM2 were fed TMR diets supplemented with 0, 6 and 12 g of B. subtilis natto solid-state fermentation product per day per cow respectively. Plasma non-esterified fatty acids were lower (p = 0.03) in DFM1 and DFM2 compared with control cows (633 and 639 vs. 685 μm). Ruminal propionate increased (23.9 vs. 26.3 and 26.9/100 mol, control vs. DFM1 and DFM2 respectively) and acetate decreased (64.2 vs. 62.7 and 62.1/100 mol, control vs. DFM1 and DFM2 respectively) with increasing B. subtilis natto fermentation product supplementation. DMI of the cows in three treatments was not affected by B. subtilis natto fermentation product supplementation, but milk yield was 3.1 and 3.2 kg/day higher for DFM1 and DFM2 than that for control cows on average across the 9-week trial, and significant differences were observed during weeks 5-9 of the trial, which resulted in 9.5% and 11.7% increase in feed efficiency. B. subtilis natto fermentation product supplementation did not affect milk fat percentage and protein yield but increased (p < 0.05) milk fat yield and lactose percentage (p < 0.01) and tended to decrease protein percentage (p = 0.06). The findings show that B. subtilis natto fermentation product was effective in increasing lactation performance of early lactation dairy cows possibly by altering the rumen fermentation pattern without any negative effects on blood metabolites. 相似文献
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The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of compound enzyme and compound enzyme bacteria preparation on the degradation rate of diet in vitro and milk production performance of dairy cows at different lactation stages.In in vitro experiment,the basic diet (group Ⅰ) and the basic diet added with compound enzyme (group Ⅱ) and compound enzyme probiotics preparation (group Ⅲ) were used as fermentation substrate respectively.After 72 h of culture in vitro,the dry matter degradation rate (DMD) and crude protein degradation rate (CPD) of the diet were measured at different time (6,12,24,36,48 and 72 h).In feeding experiment,24 dairy cows with similar body weight,parity and condition were divided into three groups at early lactation (30 d±5 d),middle lactation (100 d±5 d) and late lactation (250 d±5 d),respectively.The cows in control group (group Ⅰ) were fed with TMR,in compound enzyme group (group Ⅱ) and the compound enzyme probiotics group (group Ⅲ) were fed with the TMR added with 1 kg/t compound enzyme and compound enzyme probiotics respectively.The trial period was 74 days,including 14 days of pre trial period and 60 days of normal trial period.`The results showed that:①In vitro DMD and CPD of the two groups increased with the prolongation of treatment time.At each time point,the values of DMD and CPD in group Ⅲ were higher than those in group Ⅱ,the difference of DMD was significant at 6 and 72 h (P<0.05),CPD was significant at 36 and 72 h (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference at other time points (P>0.05).②In the early stage of lactation,the average daily milk production of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 3.68% and 4.10% respectively compared with group Ⅰ,the difference was significant (P<0.05),and the difference between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was not significant (P>0.05).In mid-lactation,the average daily milk production of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 7.53% and 10.66% respectively compared with group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the difference between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was not significant (P>0.05).In the later stage,the average daily milk production of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 7.06% and 5.16% respectively compared with group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the difference between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ was not significant (P>0.05).In conclusion,both compound enzymes and compound enzyme probiotics preparations could improve the in vitro DMD and CPD of the diet and the milk production of dairy cows in different periods to a certain extent.Among them,the compound enzyme preparation had a better effect on increasing milk production of dairy cows in the late lactation,while the compound enzyme probiotics preparation has a better effect on increasing milk production in mid-lactating dairy cows. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究复合酶及复合酶菌制剂对奶牛日粮体外降解率及不同阶段奶牛产奶性能的影响。在体外试验中,分别以基础日粮（Ⅰ组）及基础日粮中分别添加复合酶制剂（Ⅱ组）、复合酶菌制剂（Ⅲ组）的日粮作为发酵底物,体外培养72 h,测定不同时间点（6、12、24、36、48、72 h）日粮干物质降解率（DMD）和粗蛋白质降解率（CPD）。在饲养试验中,分别选取体重、胎次、体况相近的泌乳前期（30 d±5 d）、泌乳中期（100 d±5 d）和泌乳后期（250 d±5 d）奶牛各24头,平均分成3组,其中对照组（Ⅰ组）奶牛饲喂全混合日粮（TMR）,复合酶制剂组（Ⅱ组）和复合酶菌制剂组（Ⅲ组）奶牛在TMR中分别添加1 kg/t的复合酶制剂和复合酶菌制剂。每期试验持续74 d,其中预试期14 d,正试期60 d,每天记录产奶量。结果显示：①体外试验中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的DMD、CPD均随处理时间的延长而增加。在各个时间点,Ⅲ组的DMD、CPD均高于Ⅱ组,其中DMD在6、72 h时差异显著（P<0.05）,CPD在36、72 h时差异显著（P<0.05）,在其他时间点差异均不显著（P>0.05）。②在泌乳前期,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日产奶量与Ⅰ组相比分别提高了3.68%和4.10%,差异显著（P<0.05）,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）;泌乳中期,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日产奶量与Ⅰ组相比分别提高了7.53%和10.66%,差异显著（P<0.05）,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）;泌乳后期,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日产奶量与Ⅰ组相比分别提高了7.06%和5.16%,差异显著（P<0.05）,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上,复合酶与复合酶菌制剂均能在一定程度上提高日粮体外DMD和CPD以及奶牛在不同时期的产奶量,其中,复合酶制剂对提高泌乳后期奶牛产奶量效果更好,复合酶菌制剂对提高泌乳中期奶牛产奶量效果更好。 相似文献
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This experiment was conducted to study the effect of amino acid balance diet on production performance,serum biochemical indexes and economic benefits in dariy cows.36 healthy Holstein cows in the early lactation period were selected,the average number of lactation (DIM) was (39.69±12.48) d,the average parity was 3.02±0.64.Principle of experiments using single factor randomized experimental design accroding to age,milk yield,parity identical same or similar,the 36 Holstein cows were assigned by random block design to 3 groups,and each group were 12 cows.The control group cows were fed with TMR diets only adding rumen-protected methionine (HMBi);Diets of group 1 and 2 were on the basis of control group,respectively adding two kinds of rumen-protected lysine levels in order to balance the amino acid in diet.The results showed as follows:① Compared with control group,the feeding conversion ratio in groups 1 and 2 were increased by 10.60% and 11.26% (P>0.05),respectively,while the dry matter intake had no significantly changed (P>0.05),the 4% average daily milk yield in groups 1 and 2 were significantly increased by 8.65% and 10.58% (P<0.05),respectively,and the milk fat and milk protein yield in groups 1 and 2 were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01),respectively.Adding amino acid balance diet had no significantly effects on reproductive performance and health conditions in dariy cows (P>0.05).② When feeding the amino acid balance diets for 60 days,the contents of GLU and TAA in serum of dairy cows were significantly increased (P<0.05),while the BUN content was significantly decreased (P<0.05).③ Compared with control group,the economic benefits of groups 1 and 2 were increased by 15.09 and 16.36 yuan/(head·d).The results indicated that feeding the amino acid balance diets could significantly improve production performance of dairy cows,and there was a tendency to improve metabolic conditions. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究氨基酸平衡日粮对奶牛生产性能、血清生化指标及经济效益的影响。选择36头体况良好的泌乳初期的健康荷斯坦奶牛,平均泌乳天数(DIM)为(39.69±12.48) d、平均胎次为(3.02±0.64)胎。采用单因素随机试验设计,按年龄、产奶量、胎次相同或相近的原则,将36头荷斯坦奶牛区组配对后随机分为3组,每组12头奶牛,其中对照组奶牛饲喂仅添加有瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸(HMBi)的TMR日粮;试验1、2组日粮在对照组的基础上分别添加2种水平的瘤胃保护性赖氨酸,以平衡日粮中的氨基酸。结果表明,①与对照组相比,试验1、2组奶牛饲料转化率分别提高10.60%和11.26%(P>0.05),而干物质采食量没有显著变化(P>0.05),平均每日4%校正乳产量分别显著提高了8.65%和10.58%(P<0.05),并可显著或极显著增加乳脂和乳蛋白产量(P<0.05;P<0.01);饲喂氨基酸平衡日粮对奶牛繁殖性能、健康状况无显著影响(P>0.05)。②饲喂氨基酸平衡日粮60 d时,奶牛血清中葡萄糖、总氨基酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05)。③与对照组相比,试验1、2组奶牛经济效益分别增加了15.09和16.36元/(头·d)。综上所述,饲喂氨基酸平衡日粮能显著提高奶牛的生产性能,具有改善奶牛代谢状况的趋势。 相似文献
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《The Professional Animal Scientist》2000,16(1):54-58
Feeding a commercial direct-fed microbial product (DFM) to lactating Angus cows (n = 22) was investigated from d 53 to 123 of lactation. Cows were fed ad libitum hay (alfalfa, wheat, or rye, depending upon period) with supplemental grain, whereas the DFM was fed at a rate of 28.4 g/d per cow to 12 cows, and 10 cows received no DFM (Control). Beginning at an average of d 67 of lactation, cows were machine milked every 14 d to measure milk yield, percent protein, percent fat, and somatic cell count (SCC). Calves were separated from cows 18 h before milk collection, and all calves and cows were weighed on each collection day before milking. Data were analyzed as a repeated measures design where treatment, cow nested within treatment, time, and time x treatment interaction were the independent variables. Milk yield, protein percent, and SCC did not differ between cows receiving DFM and Control cows, but milk from cows receiving DFM had higher (P<0.05) percentage of fat (3.84 vs 3.33%). Cows receiving DFM lost less weight (P<0.05) than Control cows (−0.06 kg/d vs −0.31 kg/d) over the entire trial, but this was quite variable by period. Time and treatment interacted; those receiving DFM gained weight in three of five periods, whereas Control cows gained weight in two periods. There were no differences in calf weight gain between treatments, nor were there differences in cow weight or calf weight at weaning between DFM and Control groups. 相似文献
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不同放牧制度和强度下奶牛生产性能的研究──2.放牧对奶牛产奶量及体增重的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文作者在湖南南山牧场首次研究了不同放牧制度(分区轮牧和连续放牧)和放牧强度(0.467,0.667和0.867ha/头)下在多年生黑麦草/白三叶人工草地上放牧的黑白花奶牛产奶量、乳比重及体重的变化。结果表明:轮牧制奶牛的产奶量显著高于连续放牧制(1632.5vs.1462.3kg/头)。不同放牧强度下,奶牛的产奶量以中等放牧强度最高,轻牧次之,重牧最低,分别为1724.5、1571.1和1331.2kgh头。放牧期间两种放牧制间奶牛平均日增重差异不显著,以轮牧制较高(0.224vs.0.205kg/头·天);三种放牧强度间奶牛的平均日增重差异也不显著,由大到小依次为B3>B2>B1,分别为0.242、0.225和0.176kg/头·天。不同放牧处理对牛奶比重影响不大。这说明在本试验条件下,放牧制度和放牧强度对奶牛平均日增重增加影响不显著,但对奶牛的产奶量有显著的影响。 相似文献
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本研究通过评定热应激条件下奶牛呼吸评分和流涎指数，将中国荷斯坦泌乳奶牛划分为热应激耐受组（2 271头）和热应激易感组（2 024头），利用固定效应模型和混合效应模型考虑场、胎次和泌乳阶段等因素，比较热应激期奶牛直肠温度差异及奶牛在不同时期的产奶性能差异。结果表明，热应激耐受组奶牛直肠温度显著低于热应激易感组（P<0.05）；在非热应激期（5月），热应激耐受奶牛与热应激易感奶牛的平均日产奶量接近，热应激耐受奶牛的较低（低0.68 kg），但差异不显著（P>0.05）；在热应激期（7~8月），两组奶牛产奶量均有下降，热应激耐受组奶牛平均日产奶量下降幅度（与5月相比）低于热应激易感组，尤其是在热应激最严重的8月（下降幅度分别为18.06%与23.01%）。以上试验结果表明，热应激环境下通过呼吸评分与流涎指数可有效判断奶牛的耐热性。本试验结果可为奶牛热应激反应评价及奶牛养殖过程中通过量化奶牛热应激反应，及时采取措施降低热应激的损失提供一定理论依据。 相似文献
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[目的]探究不同方式制备的全株玉米青贮饲喂奶牛后,对其生产性能和经济效益的影响。[方法]选定中国荷斯坦牛开展全株玉米青贮饲喂试验。将28头奶牛随机分为对照组和试验组,每组14头。前者饲喂不添加菌剂制备的全株玉米青贮,后者饲喂添加青贮菌剂制备的全株玉米青贮。统计各组奶牛日均干物质采食量、日均产奶量、料重比、乳脂率和乳蛋白率,计算各组奶牛日均经济效益和试验期总经济效益。[结果]采用添加青贮菌剂制备的全株玉米青贮饲喂奶牛后,奶牛日均干物质采食量和料奶比与对照组差异不显著,但日均产奶量、平均乳脂率和乳蛋白率显著提高（P<0.05）。每头牛日均产奶量增加1.91 kg,乳脂率增加0.22个百分点,乳蛋白率增加0.06个百分点。试验组经济效益明显提高,每头牛日均经济效益增加4.73元,正试期内总经济效益增加1 986.60元。[结论]采用添加青贮菌剂的全株玉米青贮饲喂奶牛,能有效提高奶牛的生产性能和经济效益。 相似文献
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[目的]为了促进葡萄藤等葡萄副产物的饲料化利用,[方法]试验利用葡萄藤等葡萄副产物生产的颗粒饲料饲喂产奶期奶牛,研究其对奶牛产奶性能的影响。[结果]结果显示,试验期内,试验组奶牛产奶量随着试验时间延长而增加。在试验30 d时,试验组奶牛平均产奶量比对照组多2.1 kg,达显著水平(P0.05);在试验结束时,比对照组多产奶2.4 kg(P0.05)。乳蛋白含量和乳脂率均有所增加,但未达显著水平(P0.05)。试验组奶牛日均增效益较对照组多2.26元。[结论]葡萄藤颗粒饲料可部分代替奶牛日粮中的玉米秸秆、玉米青贮等粗饲料,对提高奶牛产奶性能具有促进作用。 相似文献