共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 984 毫秒
1.
SSR标记的彩色马铃薯遗传多样性分析及指纹图谱构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
彩色马铃薯(指块茎的皮或肉为红、蓝、紫、橙色等)近年来日益为育种工作者所关注,很多彩色马铃薯品种(系)从形态学上难以鉴定是否为同一基因型,给育种工作带来诸多不便。本研究利用SSR标记对50份彩色马铃薯(Solanum tuberosumL.)材料进行了遗传多样性分析及指纹图谱构建。研究筛选出56对马铃薯SSR引物,对50份材料的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,共检测出236个等位位点,其中多态性位点230个,多态性比率达97.46%。分析显示,基因型间遗传相似性系数在0.50~1.00之间。UPGMA聚类分析表明,在相似系数0.63处可将全部材料分为3大类。利用5对核心引物构建了50份供试材料的指纹图谱,并证明其属于44个基因型的,为彩色马铃薯资源鉴定和利用提供了依据。 相似文献
2.
山东省46个花生品种SSR指纹图谱构建与遗传多样性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为从分子水平上快速鉴别花生品种和选配优良杂交组合,以山东省审定的46个花生品种为材料,利用微卫星(SSR)标记进行DNA指纹图谱的构建和遗传多样性分析。从788对SSR引物中筛选出50对多态性高、稳定性好、谱带清晰的引物,共检测到175个等位位点,其中122个为多态性位点,多态性比率达70.52%;每对SSR引物扩增出的等位位点数为2~7个,多态性信息量变化范围为0.6753~0.8412,平均为0.823。此外,利用14对引物可将46份材料完全区分开。聚类分析表明,在相似系数0.77处,所有供试材料聚为一类,在相似系数0.80处,仍有76%的材料聚在一起。利用SSR标记构建的指纹图谱可为花生种质资源管理及育种实践提供依据。 相似文献
3.
利用SSR分析小豆种质遗传多样性 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
摘要：小豆是一类重要的食用豆,本研究利用45对SSR引物对小豆基因组DNA进行了SSR标记的筛选鉴定,共筛选出多态性良好、扩增效果稳定的SSR引物18对。利用筛选出的18个SSR标记,分析了来自我国栽培小豆优异种质53份和日本引进种质27份,旨在阐明其遗传多样性特点,为育种利用提供理论依据。结果表明,在所有参试的80份小豆种质中共鉴定出等位变异92个,平均每个位点为5.1个;其中53份国内小豆和27份日本小豆的等位变异数分别为89个和74个,平均每个位点分别为4.9个和4.1个。所有供试小豆平均每个位点的多态信息含量（PIC）为0.64,变化范围为0.23～0.83,其中国内小豆的平均PIC值为0.63,变化范围为0.23~0.86;日本小豆平均PIC值为0.61,变化范围为0.20~0.81。国内栽培小豆和日本小豆在等位变异数、多态信息含量（PIC）、遗传相似性系数均存在差异,UPGMA聚类分析将参试的80份小豆明显分为五大类,聚类结果与小豆种质地理起源呈现出一定的相关性。试验表明,在小豆遗传育种中,可以通过种质资源相互利用来拓宽育成品种的遗传基础,同时这些SSR标记对于小豆资源DNA指纹图谱构建、遗传作图、基因型鉴定及分子标记辅助育种具有重要意义。 相似文献
4.
为了解节水抗旱稻品种的多样性,利用SSR分子标记技术对24份节水抗旱稻和2份普通水稻品种进行DNA指纹图谱构建和遗传多样性分析。结果表明,24对引物共扩增出96个多态性片段,平均每对引物可检测到4个等位基因,每个SSR位点可以检测到2~6个等位基因。引物多态信息含量(PIC)的变化范围为0.36~0.75,平均值为0.58。指纹图谱显示至少可以利用RM71、RM72、RM336、RM337、RM1195和RM5414这6个核心标记的不同组合鉴别区分26份供试材料。聚类分析结果表明,26份材料间遗传相似系数为0.54~0.98,在遗传相似系数0.65处可以将供试材料分为籼、粳两类,较好地反映了供试材料的亲缘关系。本研究结果为节水抗旱稻新品种保护、真伪鉴定及亲本选配提供了参考。 相似文献
5.
EST-SSRs检测油菜（Brassica napus）亲本遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
油菜EST-SSRs是从油菜ESTs序列（表达序列标签）中开发的一种新型SSR 标记。这种新型分子标记来源于表达基因, 将其用于油菜遗传研究可直接反映相关基因在不同油菜品种间的表达差异。本研究采用21对油菜EST-SSRs标记检测了42个油菜品种（系）的遗传多样性。这些油菜EST-SSRs引物均可获得清晰的产物, 共检测到85个等位位点, 其中有49个等位变异, 占了总检测位点的57.65%。应用NTSYS 软件的聚类方法分析, 结果表明：42份材料遗传距离范围为0.0087-0.1885, 在遗传距离0.1508下, 可把份材料分为 5 组, 基本反映了品种（系）的地源差异。 相似文献
6.
由于梨(Pyrus)本身的自交不亲和特性导致不同地区品种间基因存在较大差异。为鉴定品种资源的多样性,探索重要的遗传特性,本研究利用覆盖梨全基因组17个连锁群中的134个核心简单重复序列(simple sequence repeat,SSR)标记对45份西洋梨(Pyrus communis L.)品种资源进行遗传多样性和群体结构分析,对不同来源的SSR标记进行多态性分析。结果表明,来自梨基因组的SSR标记多态性更高,更适合梨的遗传多样性研究;所有SSR引物共检测到673个等位基因,每个SSR位点平均扩增5.02个;45份西洋梨品种的观测等位基因数(observed number of alleles,Na)、有效等位基因数(effective number of alleles,Ne)、观测杂合度(observed heterozygosity,Ho)、期望杂合度(expected heterozygosity,He)以及Shannon信息指数(Shannon’s information index,I)平均值分别为5.02、3.84、0.73、0.72和1.42;遗传相似系数和聚类分析结果表明,45份西洋梨具有较高的遗传多样性,且品种的演化趋势较均匀,欧洲和美洲的品种没有因地理位置不同而产生太大差异,而是不同来源地的品种相互交织在一起,更加体现了西洋梨之间广泛的基因交流;同时推测未知来源地的库介梨、费莱茵和地里拜瑞可能来源于西欧地区;群体结构分析表明,当K=2时,西洋梨分为Pop1和Pop2两大类群,利布林、波12、拉达那、地里拜瑞、红安久和孔德梨体现了较高的杂合性;不同品种的指纹图谱分析结果表明,至少需要两个以上的引物组合才能够将不同品种区分开。研究结果为全面评价西洋梨的遗传背景和特征、准确鉴定不同品种资源提供了科学依据和高效标记,为今后西洋梨种质资源的保护利用以及遗传育种提供基础资料。 相似文献
7.
为构建无籽西瓜品种的DNA指纹,实现无籽西瓜品种的快速准确鉴定,客观评价品种的遗传多样性,本研究利用核心SSR标记对我国54份无籽西瓜(Citrullus lanatus)主栽品种进行了分析。结果显示,23对多态性引物共扩增出63种基因型,基因型数2～5个不等,平均2.74个;平均多态性信息量(PIC)为0.39,变化范围为0.04～0.67,有5个品种具有特征谱带;54个品种遗传相似系数变化范围为0.643 9～1.0,平均0.859 3,参试品种具有较高的遗传相似性;组合23对引物,除无法区分雪峰花皮无籽与郑抗无籽1号、郑抗新1号与广西3号、黒宝无籽与桂冠1号,其余品种均能一一区分开,利用PIC0.4的10对引物构建了5份主要参试品种的DNA标准指纹图谱;采用类平均法进行聚类分析,在相似系数0.82处,可将54个品种分为7大类。本研究建立了参试品种的标准DNA指纹图谱,为我国无籽西瓜品种的真实性鉴定和知识产权保护提供了技术基础。 相似文献
8.
利用SSR标记对中国柚类资源及近缘种遗传多样性研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用SSR标记研究了122份我国柚(CitrusgrandisOsbesk)类资源及近缘种遗传多样性。31对SSR引物从供试材料中检测出335个等位基因变异,平均每个位点可检测到9.85个等位基因。位点多态信息量(PIC)变幅为0.1939!0.9073,平均为0.7085。用UPGMA方法将122份材料分成7个组群,110个柚类品种在相似系数0.712,可细分成18个亚组,主要由沙田柚品种群、文旦柚品种群及庞大的杂种柚品种群组成。 相似文献
9.
黑龙江省春小麦品种遗传多样性的SSR分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本研究利用微卫星标记(SSR)技术对黑龙江省小麦品种的遗传多样性进行了分析。12对具有多态性的SSR引物在114份小麦品种中共检测到46个等位位点,每对引物检测到的等位位点数为3~8个,平均为3.8个,平均遗传距离为0.7331。不同育种单位的小麦平均遗传距离有较大差异,最大差距为1.30倍。在对不同年代小麦品种的遗传距离分析时发现,随年代的增加,遗传距离逐渐减小,且衰减速度呈加快趋势。聚类分析将114个春小麦品种大致分为3个类群,9个亚类群,较好地反映了品种之间的亲缘关系。 相似文献
10.
我国部分冬小麦新品种（系）SSR标记遗传差异的研究 总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31
本研究利用53对SSR引物对全田1999－2000年北方冬麦区及黄淮冬麦区观察圃中选出的48个新品种（系）进行遗传差异研究，共检测出58个SSR位点上的367个等位变异，平均每个位点有6.33个等位变异，其中B组每个位点的等位变异最多，这表明B基因组化更快，分化更大。48个品种（系）在全基因组及A、B、D基因组聚类结果表明这些品种的相似系数聚类的范围较小，为0.75－0.98。全基因组聚类结果与品种的系谱来源及育成地区相吻合。研究结果表明我国冬小麦品种的种质基础相对较狭窄。加强不同来源种质的利用和特异亲本类型的培育对我国冬小麦遗传改良非常重要，利用5个多态性高的SSR标记就可以将这48个小麦新品种（系）区分开，每个品种（系）都有各自独特的指纹图谱。 相似文献
11.
摘要：本文针对来源于荷兰的4个引进甜菜品种和国内的6个甜菜品系（其中2个为一年生野生甜菜）进行了ISSR指纹图谱构建和聚类分析研究。筛选出稳定性高且多态性好的6个引物用于试验。利用筛选的6条引物ISSR-PCR 共扩增出51个条带, 其中多态性条带百分率为86.3%. 利用该6条引物ISSR-PCR建立的指纹图谱能将试验中的全部甜菜品种都鉴定区分开。只利用2条引物L1和UBC846 扩增的8个多态性条带构建了10个甜菜品种（系）的数字指纹识别码,该数字指纹图谱能完全区分10个甜菜品种（系）,结果显示ISSR 指纹图谱能非常有效的鉴定不同的甜菜品种。利用生物软件NTSYS-pc针对10个试验甜菜品种（系）的ISSR 扩增条带进行遗传相似性聚类分析,结果显示10个甜菜品种（系）的相似系数为0.43与0.83之间,平均为0.62。利用非加权组平均法（UPGMA）进行聚类分析,结果显示10个甜菜品种（系）聚类为2个组和3个亚组。UPGMA 聚类分析能清楚的显示10个甜菜群体间的遗传关系并且聚类结果与10个甜菜群体的特性一致, 说明ISSR标记能用于甜菜不同群体间遗传距离的评估。 相似文献
12.
Linkai Huang Xiu Huang Haidong Yan Guohua Yin Xinquan Zhang Ye Tian Yu Zhang Xiaomei Jiang Yanhong Yan Xiao Ma Yan Peng Jiangning Zhou Gang Nie 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(6):1047-1055
DNA fingerprinting of known cultivars may provide much-needed data to assist with the identification of such cultivars. From 86 pairs of expressed sequence tag SSRs (EST-SSR) and 45 start-codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) primers, eight pairs of EST-SSR primers and seven SCoT primers were chosen to construct the DNA fingerprinting of six Hemarthria cultivars in this study. Using genomic DNA from six cultivars, a total of eight pairs of EST-SSR primers were able to amplify 193 bands, producing an average of 24.1 bands per primer pair. The percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) was 83.4 %, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.480 to 0.695, with an average of 0.602. A total of seven SCoT primers amplified 105 bands with an average of 15 bands per sample. The PPB was 84.8 %, and the PIC ranged from 0.471 to 0.758, with an average of 0.612. The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram from EST-SSR and SCoT markers grouped the six Hemarthria cultivars into two major groups of the same. These clusters are in accordance with their known species and origin. Our results indicate a rich genetic diversity in these six Hemarthria cultivars. The six cultivars we assayed could be easily identified using these eight pairs of EST-SSR and seven pairs of SCoT primers. 相似文献
13.
为开发石蒜属简单重复序列(SSR)分子标记,并研究SSR引物在石蒜属内的通用性,本研究对石蒜属石蒜、忽地笑、中国石蒜、长筒石蒜、换锦花、香石蒜6个种质转录组测序,检测SSR位点并设计引物,通过PCR扩增和毛细管电泳判断引物的有效性和多态性,绘制石蒜属17个种质资源的指纹图谱并对杂交后代的真实性进行早期检测。结果表明,共获得404 481条Unigenes,利用数据库进行同源比对和功能注释,并对Unigene进行SSR位点挖掘和分析,共检测到59 612个SSR位点。其中,单核苷酸重复>二核苷酸重复>三核苷酸重复,分别占SSR总数的62.88%、20.06%和14.66%,四核苷酸及以上重复单元相对较少。选取并合成8对荧光引物进行PCR扩增,通过毛细管电泳检测发现,8对荧光引物共检测到60个多态位点,多态位点数平均为7.50,多态性信息含量(PIC)值变化范围为0.148 0~0.940 8,平均值为0.593 0。利用引物扩增带型组合法构建了石蒜属17个种资源的指纹图谱,其中引物QZ209可区分所有供试材料,并可用于杂交后代鉴定。本研究开发的SSR标记具有丰富的多态性,在石蒜属植物的资源多样性分析、杂交种鉴定及遗传图谱的构建应用中具有重要意义。 相似文献
14.
为了研究南瓜栽培品种的遗传多样性,本研究利用43个简单序列重复(SSR)分子标记,对35份南瓜育成品种及地方品种进行了分子标记分析,并调查了农艺性状。结果表明,43个SSR标记均能扩增出多态性条带,共检测到155个等位基因,平均每个标记能检测到3.6个等位基因,多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.130 8~0.775 4,平均值为0.487 2。利用非加权组平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,结果表明35份材料可分为三大类,分别与中国南瓜、印度南瓜和美洲南瓜三个种吻合,且印度南瓜与美洲南瓜之间的亲缘关系较近。农艺性状调查结果表明,不同栽培种之间以及同一栽培种内的不同品种之间,都发现有农艺性状差别明显的情况。本研究为南瓜种质资源的保护、品种指纹图谱的建立及分子育种提供了理论依据。 相似文献
15.
为了实现分子标记或基因辅助育种在牙鲆养殖中成功运用,并快速提高牙鲆产量,使用微卫星标记首次构建了国内第一张牙鲆遗传连锁图谱。采用基因组测序的方法,筛选出大量微卫星序列,从中随机挑选1 000条序列设计合成引物,利用2009年建立的第10号家系为作图群体,使用JoinMap4.0软件,构建了牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)SSR标记遗传连锁图谱。雌雄图谱分别由24个连锁群组成,其中雌性图谱标记212个,总长度1 320.4 cM,覆盖率为77.7%;雄性图谱标记198个,总长度1 361 cM,覆盖率为76.1%。每个连锁群长度变动在9.3～116.1 cM之间,连锁群上的标记数在3～21个之间。各连锁群上的SSR标记并不是均匀分布的,其中1、3和8号连锁群存在标记密集区。该图谱能够进行初步的QTL定位分析和基因定位相关研究,为开展牙鲆基因和QTL的精细定位及分子标记辅助育种(MAS)等提供更有效的依据。 相似文献
16.
Salhi-Hannachi Amel Trifi Mokhtar Zehdi Salwa Hedfi Jihène Mars Messaoud Rhouma Abdelmajid Marrakchi Mohamed 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2004,51(3):269-275
The genetic diversity of 18 Tunisian fig cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) associated with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Using a set of primers, the most informative ones were selected that were characterized by an important Resolving power value of 29.6. A total of 47 discernible fragments were scored from samples, with a mean of 11.7 fragments per primer. The 90.4% of sample that were polymorphic were scored as molecular markers to examine the Tunisian fig germplasm polymorphism at DNA level. A large genetic diversity as related to ISSR patterns was found within the local Tunisian fig germplasm. An UPGMA dendrogram exhibits the unstructured variability in this crop. Moreover, the principal component analysis shows that the observed diversity was typically continuous. Our data provide a large number of ISSR markers that are useful in the fingerprinting of Ficus
carica L. cultivars, and in the understanding of the genetic relationships among these accessions. 相似文献
17.
T. Ganino D. Beghè S. Valenti R. Nisi A. Fabbri 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(7):1531-1540
The Emilia region (Northern Italy) is characterised by the occurrence of microclimates that permit olive growing. The presence
of the species, albeit sporadic, in these territories for several centuries as a fruit crop is well documented, by both archaeological
and written testimony, and by a large number of plants well over a century old, located in particular sites, favourable for
growth and development of the tree.
Olive genetic diversity was studied using RAPD and SSR techniques, on plants growing in the Emilia territory (Reggio Emilia
and Parma provinces). For genotype identification comparisons were made with 8 cultivars, some of which from Central Italy.
Screening was obtained analysing patterns produced by 20 RAPD primers and 3 SSR primers, developed by other authors; the primers
and we were able to discriminate olive cultivars with a sufficient degree of reliability. The dendrograms obtained from the
analysis show the genetic relationship among accessions present in the Parma-Reggio Emilia district. Our results demonstrated
the reliability of RAPDs and SSRs to identify all studied olive cultivars and to reveal the degree of their relatedness to
each other. The analysis also reveals the presence of an interesting amount of genetic diversity among the studied individuals. 相似文献
18.
Makiko Mimura Clarice J. Coyne Marie W. Bambuck Thomas A. Lumpkin 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(3):497-508
Edamame [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a type of soybean selected for fresh or frozen vegetable use at an immature stage. Since edamame has a similar
protein content, milder flavor, nuttier texture, and is easier to cook when compared to grain soybean, it is being promoted
as a new vegetable for global consumption. Global production will require breeding programs for local adaptation; however,
limited research has been published on genetic diversity of edamame varieties for the assessment of genetic resources. Simple
sequence repeats (SSRs) were used to study the genetic diversity among 130 accessions, including edamame cultivars and landraces
from Japan, China and the US, and also the new breeding lines in the US. Although it is assumed that elite edamame cultivars
would have narrow genetic diversity, seventeen SSRs detected polymorphism to distinguish 99 of the 130 accessions. The cluster
analysis generated nine clusters and 18 outliers. Genetic diversity within Japanese edamame was lower than that within Chinese
vegetable soybean accessions (maodou), even though only 10 Chinese maodou were analyzed compared to 107 Japanese edamame.
Cluster analysis revealed that the patterns of SSR diversity in edamame can generally distinguish maturity classes and testa
color. We concluded that Japanese edamame have a narrow genetic base different from others and that SSRs can describe the
patterns of genetic diversity among the elite vegetable soybean. 相似文献
19.
Common bean is a species belonging to the Phaseolus genus of the Leguminosae family. It has economic importance due to being rich in protein, vitamin A and C, and minerals. Being one of the most cultivated species of legumes, the determination of genetic diversity in bean genotypes or populations has an important role in terms of our genetic resources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic structure of 94 genotypes which were cultivated in different parts of the world and our country with SSR and SNP markers. 10 SSR loci and 73 SNP primers were used for the determination of genetic structure in commercial cultivars and breeding lines. All of the SSR and SNP loci used in the study were found to be polymorphic. A total of 89 alleles were identified for 10 SSR loci. Mean number of alleles per locus (Na?=?8.9), effective allele number (Ne?=?3.731), Shannon information index (I?=?1.468), observed heterozygosity (Ho?=?0.023), and expected heterozygosity (He?=?0.654) were calculated based on SSR analysis. According to the results of Bayesian-based STRUCTURE analysis using SSR and SNP data, 94 bean genotypes were genetically divided into three main clusters. According to genetic distance based UPGMA dendrogram obtained from SNP analysis, 94 bean genotypes were divided into 2 main clusters corresponding Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. The obtained results provide important information about the genetic structures of the studied bean cultivars and breeding lines. With the obtained results, it will be possible to develop breeding programs to develop new cultivars by using our gene resources.
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