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Dr.Greg Mathis 《中国兽医寄生虫病》2002,(2)
Happily,I can say that we have more ap-proaches to coccidiosis control than ever before.Unfortunately,coccidiosis still is and will continueto be a major concern both in bird health and eco-nomics. The main reasons coccidiosis is still aproblem include:1 … 相似文献
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Ziyanda Ndyoko 《山东饲料》2013,(15):74-75
This paper aims to discuss how South Africa’s accession to the BRICS will impact on the development of South Africa ’s infrastructure development. It is a well know fact among development scholars and experts that in order for sustainable economic development a country’s infrastructure needs to be on point and flourish. The South African government has realised the importance of this and in the National Development Plan the government highlights infrastructure development in South Africa as one of the key areas of growth and development for job creation and economic development. Discourse around the BRICS is discussed, who and what they are, a brief history on each country is also provided in the paper. It has also been said that South Africa ’s accession to the BRICS will be valuable for the rest of Africa as well because South Africa is seen as a gateway to other African countries. The relationship between Africa and China is one that is highly contested by the west however it seems that it still continues to flourish and this shall be briefly discussed in the paper. Talks of a BRICS development bank is an area that will also be touched on, this bank is set to fund infrastructure projects especially in Africa amongst its other duties. The main objective of this paper is to access whether or not South Africa will benefit from entering the BRICS in December 2011 and this is explored in the paper. 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2014,(3):24-24
Animal vaccine is a kind of biological agent that enables inoculated animals to produce active imnaunity for disease prevention.Europe and the United States and other developed countries are the main force of traditional animal vaccine markets in the world, still taking around 60 per cent nowadays, according to a new report from China Market Research Reports. 相似文献
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Philip A Thacker 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2014,(2):115-126
In the past two decades, an intensive amount of research has been focused on the development of alternatives to antibiotics to maintain swine health and performance. The most widely researched alternatives include probiotics, prebiotics, acidiflers, plant extracts and neutraceuticals such as copper and zinc. Since these additives have been more than adequately covered in previous reviews, the focus of this review will be on less traditional alternatives. The potential of antimicrobial peptides, clay minerals, egg yolk antibodies, essential oils, eucalyptus oil-medium chain fatty acids, rare earth elements and recombinant enzymes are discussed. Based on a thorough review of the literature, it is evident that a long and growing list of compounds exist which have been tested for their ability to replace antibiotics as feed additives in diets fed to swine. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these compounds produce inconsistent results and rarely equal antibiotics in their effectiveness. Therefore, it would appear that research is still needed in this area and that the perfect alternative to antibiotics does not yet exist. 相似文献
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《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2010,1(1):I0001-I0001
<正>It is my great pleasure to write a few words here to congratulate the "new born baby",Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology (JASB),which is the first Chinese journal in the field of animal science published in English.JASB is a quarterly journal supported by Chinese Association of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine (CAAV). The purpose of the journal is to introduce Chinese research achievements of animal science and technology world over,and to strengthen academic communication between China and other countries.Subjects of the journal are related widely of animal science such as:animal genetics and breeding,reproduction and physiology,biotechnology,nutrition and feed processing,environmental protection and grassland management. Animal science and animal production in China have been developed rapidly during last 20 years.China has become the largest meat and egg producer in the world. However,at meantime we know clearly that the development of China's animal science and biotechnology is still behind the world advanced level.We have to work hard,and to learn more from developed countries.Let us do all our efforts to make the "new born baby" growing healthy and strong. 相似文献
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Iterative linear programming methods are proposed for optimum balanced animal diet in this paper. According to ＂wooden bucket theory＂ of the nutritional balance, each nutrient in the feeding standard has equal importance. It＇s unreasonable to use common goal programming to attach different weighted value to different nutritional parameters. This paper introduces an effective algorithm to deal with this kind of problem. When the permitting cost of livestock ration is given, we can design a ration formula with linear program-this is the first round. Then, according to the differences between the permitting cost and the formula cost gained in the first round, adjust the feeding standard and the feeding raw materials, and conduct the second round of linear programming for ration formula. If there is still a very big difference between the formula cost and the permitting cost, the third round will be taken, and so on. In this iteration course the formula cost gradually approaches the permitting cost. It is the key that the feeding standard and feeding raw materials are modified in each round. This method ensured the nutritive equilibrium with the formulation of least-cost ration. This is an especially important method when the primary goal of the optimization tool is to improve economic and nutritive efficiency. 相似文献
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Bob Goodband Mike Tokach Steve Dritz Joel DeRouchey Jason Woodworth 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2014,(3):251-261
Immune system activation begins a host of physiological responses. Infectious agents are recognized by monocytes and macrophages which in turn stimulate cytokine production. It is the hormone-like factors called cytokines that orchestrate the immune response. The classic responses observed with immune system activation and cytokine production include： anorexia, fever, lethargy, recruitment of other immune cells, and phagocytosis. While production of immune system components is known to require some amino acids, increases in amino acid requirements are more than offset by the associated decrease in protein accretion and increased muscle protein degradation that also accompanies immune system activation. However, the biggest impact of cytokine production is a decrease in feed intake. Therefore, as feed intake decreases, the energy needed to drive protein synthesis is also decreased. This suggests that diets should still be formulated on a similar calorie：lysine ratio as those formulated for non-immune challenged pigs. The evidence is sparse or equivocal for increasing nutrient requirements during an immune challenge. Nutritionists and swine producers should resist the pressure to alter the diet, limit feed, or add expensive feed additives during an immune challenge. While immune stimulation does not necessitate changes in diet formulation, when pigs are challenged with non-pathogenic diarrhea there are potential advantages on gut health with the increased use of crystalline amino acids rather than intact protein sources （i.e., soybean meal）. This is because reducing crude protein decreases the quantity of fermentable protein entering the large intestine, which lowers post weaning diarrhea. It also lowers the requirement for expensive specialty protein sources or other protein sources such as soybean meal that present immunological challenges to the gut. The objective of this review is two-fold. The first is to discuss immunity by nutrition interactions, or lack thereof, and secondly, to review amino acid re 相似文献
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In this essay,I address the problem of inefficiency in the state-owned enterprises in China.The main question,arising from thisproblem,is that what government should do to make the enterprises more efficient and that whether the privatization is a good way to solve theproblem.My central thesis is that selling the small size enterprises to the managers is the best way to raise the efficiency and increase the total welfare,compared with its alternatives.I start from some basic assumptions and use game theory analysis to conclude that it is right for Chinese government toprivatize the state-owned enterprises. 相似文献
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The coevolutionary interaction between cuckoos and their hosts has been studied for a long time, but to date some puzzles still remain unsolved. Whether cuckoos parasitize their hosts by laying eggs randomly or matching the egg morphs of their hosts is one of the mysteries of the cuckoo problem. Scientists tend to believe that cuckoos lay eggs matching the appearance of host eggs due to selection caused by the ability of the hosts to recognize their own eggs.In this paper, we first review previous empirical studies to test this mystery and found no studies have provided direct evidence of cuckoos choosing to parasitize host nests where egg color and pattern match. We then present examples of unmatched cuckoo eggs in host nests and key life history traits of cuckoos, e.g. secretive behavior and rapid egg-laying and link them to cuckoo egg laying behavior. Finally we develop a conceptual model to demonstrate the egg laying behaviour of cuckoos and propose an empirical test that can provide direct evidence of the egg-laying properties of female cuckoos. We speculate that the degree of egg matching between cuckoo eggs and those of the host as detected by humans is caused by the ability of the hosts to recognize their own eggs, rather than the selection of matching host eggs by cuckoos. The case of Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) and their parrotbill hosts(Paradoxornis alphonsianus), where it has been shown that both have evolved polymorphic eggs(mainly blue and white), was used to develop a conceptual model to demonstrate why cuckoos should utilize parrotbill hosts by laying eggs randomly rather than laying eggs matching the appearance of host eggs.In conclusion, we found no evidence for the hypothesis that cuckoos lay eggs based on own egg color matching that of the parrotbill-cuckoo system. We argue theoretically that laying eggs matching those of the hosts in this system violates a key trait of the life history of cuckoos and therefore should be maladaptive. 相似文献
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几种常用抗球虫药对鸡球虫病疗效的评价 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12
对5种目前广西市场上最常见、生产单位用得最多的抗球虫药的疗效作了评价。结果表明，仅有地克珠利（Di-clazuri）为高效抗球虫药，氨丙啉（Amprolium）为低效抗球虫药，其余盐霉素（Salinomycin）、克球粉（Clopidol）和速丹（Halofuginone）3种均为无效抗球虫药，这说明大量使用低效和无效的抗球虫药是造成目前广西球虫病不能有效控制的主要原因。文中提出了加强对上市的抗球虫药的疗效评价和管理的建议。 相似文献
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鸡球虫病是严重危害养禽业的重要寄生虫病之一,长期以来对其防治主要依靠药物,近年来因耐药虫株不断出现,尤其是药物残留对环境的污染及其对人类健康的威胁等一系列问题日益突出,药物在鸡球虫病控制中的使用越来越受到限制。许多学者认为通过免疫方法对鸡球虫病进行防治已是大势所趋,然而由于人们对鸡体抗球虫的免疫应答过程一直不很清楚,限制了免疫学方法在抗球虫方面的应用和发展。文章综述了近年来对鸡球虫免疫原性,宿主免疫应答尤其是肠道黏膜免疫在抗球虫中的作用及球虫疫苗的研究等方面的进展,相信随着分子生物学等技术的发展,免疫预防球虫病将会有更广阔的发展前景。 相似文献
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陕西省杨陵区鸡球虫病原种类的调查研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
对杨陵区四乡一镇的６８组鸡群进行了鸡球虫病的调查研究。结果表明，杨陵区鸡球虫病比较普遍，１５￣５０日龄雏鸡的球虫病特别严重。全区鸡的球虫平均感染率为５８．３％，在所检查的青年，成年鸡群中，笼养鸡群的球虫感染率为３５．１％，散养鸡群的球虫感染率为５７．４％。雏鸡的球虫感染率为６８．４％。经实验室鉴定，共查见柔嫩艾美耳球虫，毒害艾美耳球虫，巨型艾美耳球虫，堆型艾美耳球虫和缓艾美耳球虫和哈氏艾美耳球虫等 相似文献
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目前,预防和治疗鸡球虫病的主要方法还是化学疗法,但抗药性虫株的出现给预防和治疗鸡球虫病带来了新的挑战。本文综述了鸡艾美耳球虫抗药株遗传和蛋白质表达变异方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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中草药防治鸡球虫病研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
鸡球虫病是由艾美耳属的多种球虫寄生于肠上皮细胞内所引起的一种原虫病,给养禽业造成巨大的经济损失。长期以来,控制鸡球虫病的主要手段是使用抗生素类和化学合成药物,但其耐药性和药物残留等问题至今难以解决。中草药以其不易产生耐药性,毒副作用小,药物残留少等优点,在兽医临床上显示出良好势头,生产实践中已证实有多种中草药具有抗球虫作用。目前,在中草药复方制剂组方的应用、中草药有效成分的抗鸡球虫效果及防治机理等方面进行了深入的研究和探讨。基于中草药的天然资源优势和特有的药理作用,研究开发中草药将具有很大的潜力和广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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仔猪等孢球虫与等孢球虫病研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
仔猪等孢球虫病是由猪等孢球虫寄生在哺乳期及新近断奶仔猪小肠上皮细胞所引起的一种寄生性原虫病，呈世界性分布，给养猪场造成严重的经济损失。本文对猪等孢球虫病的病原分类、虫体形态和生活史、致病性、流行病学特点、临床症状、病理变化、诊断、防治等方面的目前研究状况进行了综述，为猪等孢球虫病的有效防制提供参考。 相似文献
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Munashe Chigerwe John R Middleton Fred Williams Jeff W Tyler John M Kreeger 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(1):122-125
Reported clinical signs of coccidiosis in South American camelids include anorexia of a few days duration, sudden death, and diarrhea. Antemortem diagnosis of clinical coccidiosis is usually based on clinical signs and supported by detection of coccidial oocysts in feces. This report describes 2 atypical cases of coccidiosis in South American camelids that had no coccidial oocysts detected on antemortem fecal flotation, prolonged weight loss, and normal fecal consistency. 相似文献