共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 572 毫秒
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梨果实石细胞团的发育,分布及其对果实品质的影响 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
１９９７年对梨果实石细胞团的发育和分布进行了观察分析,供试品种４３个。通过对苹果梨、南果梨、丰水梨,伏茄梨四个品种的石细胞团形成过程的观察,及４３个梨品种的成熟果实中石细胞团大小和分布的观察测定发现,梨果实石细胞团的形成从花后１５ｄ左右开始,花后２个月内基本结束,梨果实中石细胞团分布一般以近果皮处和近果心处密度高、直径大,中层果肉中石细胞团密度低,直径小,果实中石细胞团直径较大,密度高的品种肉质较 相似文献
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葡萄果实组织结构与耐贮性的关系 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
通过对‘巨峰’、‘红地球’、‘秋红’、‘秋黑’葡萄果实解剖结构和超微结构的比较, 探讨葡萄果实品种间耐贮性差异的生理学原因。结果表明: 葡萄的耐贮性与果皮和果肉的组织结构有密切关系。耐贮性好的品种其角质层及表皮组织均比较厚, 表皮细胞排列整齐而致密, 且与亚表皮细胞的结合紧密,其果肉组织排列也比较紧密, 且果肉细胞大小均匀。不同葡萄品种之间, 表面蜡质超微结构相差很大, 蜡质层较厚、蜡质分布均匀而致密的品种对SO2 抗性较强; 相反, 蜡质层薄、蜡质排列疏松、蜡层之间空隙较大的品种对SO2 较为敏感。 相似文献
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云南会泽宝珠梨果实套袋技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>宝珠梨是云南省会泽地区梨主栽品种,目前栽植面积1 200 hm2,该品种果实卵圆形,色泽鲜艳,果皮较薄,果点小,果肉白色,肉质细而脆,石细胞少,核小,单宁含量少,汁多味甜,品质优良,在市场上 相似文献
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砀山酥梨果实石细胞与薄壁细胞发育关系的解剖学研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
以砀山酥梨为材料, 对梨果实发育过程中石细胞形成、石细胞团增大及薄壁细胞膨大过程进行解剖学研究。结果表明: 梨石细胞先由果肉细胞壁不均匀加厚, 进而形成厚壁细胞。石细胞形成始于花后15 d, 此后一周内形成大量石细胞; 花后23 d, 石细胞聚簇, 石细胞团大量出现, 石细胞团直径增大;花后67 d, 石细胞团直径最大, 此时薄壁细胞以长条状和椭球状两种方式膨大。梨果实发育过程中, 石细胞含量先上升后下降, 花后51 d, 石细胞含量达18.95% , 以后石细胞含量下降。石细胞含量的下降是由于果实生长和薄壁细胞膨大引起的相对下降。 相似文献
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黄金梨是韩国用新高×廿世纪杂交育成的新品种。辛集市于 1999年引入 ,2 0 0 0年春高接在 12年生的鸭梨上 ,2年来 ,辛集市已高接黄金梨 1ｈｍ2 ,通过 2年的观察 ,现将黄金梨在辛集市的生长结实表现简介如下。1 果实性状 果实呈扁圆形 ,果形指数 0 9,平均单果重 35 0 ｇ ,最大果重 6 5 0ｇ。成熟果实果皮金黄色 ,套袋果为乳黄色 ,果实表面具半透明感 ,晶莹剔透 ,果点大而稀 ,萼片宿存 ,果肉白色 ,细密多汁 ,肉质细嫩 ,甜而清爽 ,具有清香气味 ,可溶性固形物含量 15 % ,果核小 ,石细胞极少 ,可食率在 95 %以上 ,品质极佳。2 生长结果习性… 相似文献
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Developmental problems in over-winter off-season longan fruit. II: Development of pericarp structure
Wei-Hai Yang Si-Cong Deng Xiao-Chuan Zhu Hui-Cong Wang Hong Wu Xu-Ming Huang 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
Fruit development was investigated in field and changes in pericarp structure were comparatively studied in over-winter off-season and on-season longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Chuliang). The results showed developmental problems including small fruit size, severe fruit cracking and heavy fruit drop in the off-season fruit, although their seed size was not significantly affected compared to the on-season fruit. Anatomical studies showed that off-season longan fruit had a poorly developed pericarp, which was reflected by smaller fresh weight as well as thinner pericarp thickness, thinner spongy tissue, fewer cell layers in the periderm, smaller cell size and fewer cell numbers in the parenchyma tissue at the upper mesocarp, and fewer cell layers in the endocarp. In contrast, the recovery of the sclereids in the mesocarp was higher in the pericarp of the off-season fruit. The poor development of the pericarp in off-season fruit probably caused the small fruit size and severe fruit cracking. It was suggested that the adverse climatic conditions encountered by fruit development in the over-winter off-season longan suppressed cell division and expansion in the pericarp but did not affect sclereid formation. 相似文献
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砀山酥梨不同发育时期套袋对石细胞发育的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以不同发育时期套袋处理的砀山酥梨为试材, 研究了果实石细胞团的密度、大小、含量、几种相关酶的活性变化及果实品质等。结果表明, 套袋后果实可滴定酸含量显著高于对照, 而可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖含量、单果质量及果实内石细胞含量等均低于对照; 果实内石细胞团的分布密度在幼果期较高,随着果实发育膨大密度渐低, 接近成熟前两个月左右趋于稳定, 石细胞团的纵径、横径是随着果实发育先增大后减小, 而后又稍有增大, 果实石细胞含量也是先增加后减少, 在盛花后49 d达到最大值。不同时期套袋的果实内苯丙氨酸解氨酶、过氧化物酶及多酚氧化酶的活性均低于对照, 其活性变化是在果实发育初期较高, 盛花后63～77 d处于低水平, 且缓慢下降, 这与果实内石细胞最终含量成正相关。 相似文献
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龙眼果皮发育解剖学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以储良龙眼品种为试材,观察了果皮的解剖结构发育特点。果皮发育早期(花后10d前),细胞体积小,排列紧密,细胞分裂活跃,外果皮有凸起的皱褶结构,有大量的表皮毛分化。果皮发育中期(花后10～52d),细胞体积变大,表皮毛开始脱落,外果皮逐渐平滑,中果皮处有石细胞群和海绵状组织的分化。果实发育后期(花后52d后,假种皮快速膨大阶段),有木栓形成层出现,形成周皮代替表皮起保护作用,随着果实生长,木栓层出现局部破裂。龙眼果皮可划分为外、中、内3层。中外果皮在发生次生木栓化前,由外表皮细胞及其附属物和角质层组成;在形成木栓形成层产生次生结构后,外果皮则由周皮组成。内果皮来源于子房内壁的几层细胞,由一层内表皮细胞和与之紧密相连的几层薄壁细胞组成。中果皮根据其组织特点可进一步分为上中果皮和下中果皮,上中果皮包括石细胞群、外层维管束和外果皮之内的薄壁细胞;下中果皮则主要包括海绵组织和其中的维管束。 相似文献
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以早钟6号、长红3号和解放钟3个枇杷品种为试材,观察果实锈斑发生规律,探讨发病原因,并提出其防治的措施。3个枇杷品种锈斑病的易感性有很大的差异,早钟6号最感病,解放钟次之,长红3号锈斑果发病率最低;果皮蜡质层和细胞壁自发荧光强弱与锈斑病的感病程度有密切的关系,发病率高的早钟6号果皮蜡质层薄,果皮细胞壁自发荧光最弱,而发病率低的长红3号果皮蜡质层最厚,细胞壁自发荧光强且均匀。枇杷果实锈斑的发生主要原因是在不良外界条件下形成微创口,随着果实膨大生长,伤口撕裂,表皮下的局部细胞恢复分生能力,形成木栓形成层,木栓细胞团突破表皮而形成肉眼可见的锈斑;人工抹去表皮毛,可形成微创口,显著加剧锈斑果的发生,而套袋处理可大大降低锈斑发生率,并且越早套袋效果越好。 相似文献
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L. F. M. Marcelis L. R. Baan Hofman-Eijer 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):665-671
The contributions of different fruit parts to the growth of a parthenocarpic cucumber fruit were analysed throughout fruit development. Growth in length and circumference were measured along the fruit. Cell size was measured at several places in the pericarp of the fruit during its development and the contribution of cell division and expansion to the growth of the fruit was quantified. All parts along the fruit expanded in length and thickness at approximately the same rate, except for the fruit ends, where the growth rate slowed down sooner than in the middle part. The increase in thickness of the fruit was the result of a constant increase in thickness of placenta and pericarp throughout development of the fruit. No specific expansion zones were observed. Cells expanded continuously throughout ovary and fruit development. Cell division, however, was restricted to the first part of the growing period. Cell size decreased from the peduncle end towards the blossom end of the fruit. Along the pericarp radius there was also a gradient in cell size with the largest cells in the middle of the pericarp. During fruit development the zone with the largest cells shifted a little towards the epidermis. Although there were marked differences in cell size within a fruit, all cells continuously expanded and cell division ceased in the whole fruit at approximately the same time. 相似文献
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B. Aloni Leah Karni Irena Rylski Y. Cohen Y. Lee M. Fuchs 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):743-749
SummaryThe objective of the present study was to characterize some of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of fruit cracking in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Scanning-electron micrographs show that initiation of fruit cracking in bell pepper is by formation of mini-cracks on the cuticle layer; these then enlarge into cracks and traverse the epidermal cells. Pepper cultivars differ in their sensitivity to cracking, partly because of differences in fruit pericarp thickness. Limitation of night transpiration by high humidity or low temperature increased the turgor potential of the fruit pericarp and enhanced cracking. Likewise, leaf pruning suppressed night transpiration and concomitantly increased cracking. Fruit cuticle transpiration was found to be low in the early stages of fruit development and to increase as the fruit became susceptible to cracking. Environmental conditions which enhanced cracking also increased cuticle transpiration in a sensitive pepper cultivar but not in a less sensitive one. We suggest that fruit cracking in bell pepper occurs because reduction in night transpiration causes high turgor pressure in the fruit. As the cuticle becomes permeable to water, the inner turgor pressure causes the cuticle to crack. Differences in cultivar sensitivity may be partly due to differences in pericarp thickness and cuticle properties, but additional factors may be involved. 相似文献
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荔枝果皮发育细胞学研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以‘淮枝’荔枝为试材, 对花前子房和花后果皮发育的解剖学特点进行了观察。荔枝果皮可划分为内、中、外3 层, 外果皮由单层表皮细胞、龟裂片峰处表皮细胞上的角质、裂纹处表皮细胞上的薄壁细胞构成; 中果皮是构建果皮的主体, 由龟裂片峰下的厚壁组织、上中果皮和下中果皮构成; 内果皮由薄壁未木栓化的皮层细胞构成。果皮的细胞分裂主要发生在开花前, 花后不同部位的果皮细胞还有一定的分裂行为, 但分裂的旺盛程度和停止时间有所不同, 下中果皮停止早, 约在花后19 d , 上中果皮其次, 约在花后32 d , 内果皮和裂纹处外果皮最晚, 约在花后47 d。细胞膨大规律总体呈“慢- 快- 慢”的S 型。 相似文献
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观察茌梨套绿色聚乙烯(PE)薄膜袋和无纺布袋栽培的果实果点及果皮亚显微结构,并测定相关生理指标、基因表达量等,探究不同套袋处理对茌梨果点及果实贮藏失水的影响机理。结果表明:套绿色PE薄膜袋的果实,果面粗糙,果点大;而套无纺布袋的果实果面光洁,果点小。果实发育后期,套绿色PE薄膜袋的果实果皮中PbPAL2基因的表达量高于套无纺布袋果实,其贮藏期间质量损失率显著高于对照,果皮较薄,表面蜡质少且龟裂翘起;而套无纺布袋果实质量损失率较低,果皮厚且表面蜡质多,蜡质晶体形态多样。采前套袋通过调控PbPAL2的表达进而影响果点的木栓化,并改变了果皮角蜡层结构影响其贮藏失水。采前套无纺布袋有利于提高茌梨果实的外观品质,延缓其贮藏失水。 相似文献