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1.
The nonionic surfactant properties of ethoxylated azo dyes, such as cloud point and surface tension have been investigated.
The synthesized ethoxylated azo dyes could dye polyester fabric without any special pre-treatment. When the average number
of ethylene oxide (EO) in the ethoxylated azo dye reached 6, its fixation could exceed 90% from the thermosol dyeing process.
The average degree of condensation of ethylene glycol in the chain was interrelated with the dyeing results and did not affect
on the maximum absorption wavelength (λmax) of the polyoxyethylene dye. When the average length of polyoxyethylene chain decreased,
the molecular weight of dyes became smaller and the fixation of dyes was improved. 相似文献
2.
为了探讨微波杀菌对芒果原浆品质的影响,研究不同微波功率、处理时间、样品初始温度对芒果原浆菌落总数及维生素C含量、褐变度(BD)和色泽等品质指标的影响,采用正交试验优化微波杀菌工艺条件,并与巴氏杀菌工艺进行比较,分析杀菌前后芒果原浆菌落总数及感官品质的变化。结果表明,微波处理具有非常好的杀菌效果,且能抑制芒果原浆的褐变度、保护芒果原浆的营养成分和色泽。芒果原浆微波杀菌工艺最佳参数为:微波功率550 W,处理时间60 s,样品初始温度35℃,此工艺下菌落总数为50 CFU/m L,杀菌率达99.9%。与巴氏杀菌处理相比,采用微波杀菌不仅能达到更好的杀菌效果,而且原有品质保持良好。该杀菌工艺的研究为芒果原浆的贮存提供了理论依据。 相似文献
3.
Ming-Tsung Chang Jiunn-Yih Lee Ping-Yu Chiu Che-Chia Hu Fu-Fang Chang Ching-Hsiang Hsu 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(5):835-841
In this study, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) resins consisted of carboxylic acid and side-chained EO (ethylene oxide) functional groups were prepared via a prepolymer ion-hybrid reaction process. After dipping the WPU on fabrics, the dipped fabrics showed promising deodorization properties for both basic and acidic odors and also showed good wash durability because of the presence of those characteristic groups. Basic odors were neutralized via carboxylic acid groups on the WPU, whereas acidic odors were absorbed by the EO groups through hydrogen bonding. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to examine the functional groups of carboxylic acid and EO groups, before and after dipping the WPU on the fabrics. The deodorization properties of the dipped fabrics were associated with the content of the functional groups existing on the WPU molecular chain. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis also revealed that the dipped fabrics had a promising wash durability and deodorization properties after 5 times of laundering because WPU particles were still strongly adhered to the fabrics. More side-chain EO groups, more acetic acid molecules were absorbed; while more-COOH groups in polymer chain, more ammonium molecules were absorbed. Table 2 shows that the synthesized WPU’s possess very highly washed durability. 相似文献
4.
Low-temperature pyrolysis up to 200, 250, 300 °C was conducted in order to remove non-cellulosic compounds without damaging the structure of the cellulose in jute fibers. The chemical, morphological, and mechanical aspects of prepared low-temperature pyrolyzed jute fibers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, the wettability test in water/dichloromethane system, moisture content measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and tensile test using universal testing machine (UTM). It was confirmed that hydrophilic compounds including absorbed water, low molecular weight compounds such as waxes, hemicellulose, and lignin were largely removed from the fibers. Increasing amounts of non-cellulosic compounds were removed as the maximum pyrolysis temperature was increased. The degree of hydrophilic nature of jute fibers were reduced by low-temperature pyrolysis and thus water absorptivity of pyrolyzed jute fibers was reduced as maximum pyrolysis temperature increased. Furthermore, XRD analysis and morphological studies by SEM indicated that the crystalline structure of native cellulose was rarely damaged after pyrolysis up to 300 °C. In case of mechanical properties, breaking tenacity and breaking strain of the fibers decreased with increasing maximum pyrolysis temperatures because flaws formed on the surface of pyrolyzed jute fibers acted as weak-links. In agreement with predictions made according to Weibull’s weakest-link theory, it was found that shortened pyrolyzed jute fibers could have higher breaking tenacities compared with raw jute fibers of the same length. In addition, the compatibility with hydrophobic matrix was investigated by the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with jute fibers. Consequently, it was hypothesized that low-temperature pyrolysis could be used to process raw jute fibers for use as short fiber reinforcements in fiber-polymer systems or be a simple and effective pretreatment method for a wide range of further chemical treatments. 相似文献
5.
Conventional textile based wound dressing materials are cost effective and highly absorbent, but when used alone fails to provide optimal wound healing conditions like homeostasis, non-adherence, maintenance of a moist wound bed, etc. Electrospun polymer web meets the requirements outlined for wound healing, by their microfibrous structures provide suitable environment for wound healing apart from the function of polymers. In this study, blends of soy protein isolate (SPI) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) nano fiber web was prepared by electro spinning process. The developed blended nano fiber web was subjected to SEM, FTIR to evaluate fiber size and functional properties respectively. The Moisture vapour transmission rate (MVTR) result shows the blended electrospun web gives suitable mosit environment over wound bed such as the MVTR is 2994 g/m2/day. The blended electrospun web gives positive result on antimicrobial activity. The effect of SPI/PEO blended electrospun web on wound healing was experimented with female wistar rats and the blended electrospun web shows excellent result on wound healing by the growth of new epithelium without any significant adverse reaction. Forming of SPI/PEO electrospun fiber was fulfilled many critical elements desirable in a wound material. 相似文献
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7.
Application of artificial neural network (ANN) for prediction of fabrics’ extensibility 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tomislav Rolich Anica Hursa Šajatović Daniela Zavec Pavlinić 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(6):917-923
In the field of clothing technology, prediction of the fabric properties is very important because the fabric is the basic element of every clothing item. Knowing the fabric properties it is possible to predict fabrics’ behaviour during process of clothing manufacturing (in phase of cutting, sewing and ironing) as well as clothing items’ behaviour during usage. According to the fabrics’ characteristics and model design it is possible to predict appearances of the clothing items and their draping which can be presented with many computer simulations. In this paper extensibility of the fabric which appears during a small forces loading on the fabrics are investigated. Loading of small forces on the fabric appears in each phases of clothing manufacturing processes and during usage of clothing items. Investigations are managed on 50 fabrics which are weaving in twill weave and 100 % wool. The basic characteristics of fabric (density of warp and weft, mass per unit area, thickness) are defined according appropriate standard methods and tensile properties in the warp and weft directions are measured using KES-FB1 measuring system. Using an artificial neural network (ANN) prediction of extensibility properties of the fabrics are done, results are compared with experimental values and deviations are determined. ANN is an adaptive system that changes its structure based on external or internal information that flows through the network during the learning phase. They can be used to model complex relationships between inputs and outputs or to find patterns in data. Based on the implemented investigations, minimal deviations between experimental and predicted values are obtained and can be concluded that ANN can be used for prediction of the fabrics properties. 相似文献
8.
茶多酚浓度对绿茶饮料稳定性的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
比较了不同茶多酚浓度下绿茶饮料灭菌、贮藏过程中的感官与理化品质变化。研究结果表明,不同茶多酚浓度绿茶饮料稳定性差异较大,灭菌、贮藏过程中,绿茶饮料外观颜色变深、变红,茶多酚、儿茶素含量显著下降,黄酮化合物、没食子酸含量显著上升,咖啡碱、氨基酸含量略有下降,感官风味品质明显下降,熟汤味明显;随着茶多酚浓度升高,绿茶饮料的感官理化品质变化趋势加剧,高温贮藏（37℃）变化程度明显高于低温贮藏（4℃）。当茶多酚质量浓度为400~600mg/L时,绿茶饮料稳定性相对较好。 相似文献
9.
enVix is a novel regenerated cellulosic fiber, which is prepared from cellulose diacetate fiber using environmentally friendly
manufacturing process. Vat dyeing properties of the enVix were investigated and compared with those of regular viscose rayon.
The enVix exhibited better dyeability than viscose rayon. The colour yields of vat dyes on the enVix were found to be dependent
on dyeing temperature as well as the amount of levelling agent and salt. Good build-up and good to excellent fastness properties
were obtained on the enVix fabric. 相似文献
10.
Nemr El Hajj Brice Mboumba-MamboundouRose-Marie Dheilly Zoheir AbouraMalek Benzeggagh Michèle Queneudec 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,34(1):921-928
The aim of this paper is to develop a green composite using only flax fiber material for thermal insulations and sound absorbing using flax-tows and thus enhance the less noble part of the flax plant. The Lin-K process is a simple patented manufacturing process used to develop these self-linked materials. Thermal conductivity, absorbing acoustic coefficient, hydric properties and the effect of several parameters on these performances are reviewed. The use of fine flax-tows leads to extract more organic substances of the inner fibers during the microwave treatment which improves the mechanical performances and reduces the thermal conductivities of these materials. The environment has very significant effects on thermal stability and durability of these materials. 相似文献
11.
Suits produced now are high class with good quality due to advanced manufacturing techniques. Woollen fabrics and interlinings are the major materials for suit manufacture. Using woollen fabric and interlining to produce quality fabric has become an important production process. However traditional fusible interlinings are costly and involve a tedious production process, and they have some drawbacks such as strike through and bubbles. In this study, a printable interlining is proposed which can be used in place of fusible interlining. Screen-printing technique directly prints on the shell fabric and it is named printable interlining which enhances quality and reduces operational cost for garment manufacturers. Fabric quality is generally perceived through fabric hand value. Based on a series of laboratory experiments carried out to investigate total hand value and low-stress mechanical properties, this paper compares the impact of fusible interlining and printable interlining on woollen fabric using the Kawabata Evaluation System. Total hand value and five low-stress mechanical properties, tensile, bending, shearing, surface and compression were obtained. The results prove that printable interlinings can replace fusible interlinings on woollen fabrics and improve the fabric total hand value and bending, shearing and tensile properties. Printable interlining can be widely used in mass suit production with simple control process and it is cost-efficient. 相似文献
12.
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) nanocomposites containing pristine or functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (FGnP) prepared via solution blending and thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were investigated. Chemical functionalization of graphene nanoplatelets was conducted through an amidation reaction between carboxylic acid groups of acidified graphene and hydroxyl groups of polyethylene glycol (PEG). An interfacial linkage and a good dispersion of FGnP was observed via scanning electron microscope (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed that the degree of crystallinity of samples decreased by addition of graphene nanoplatelets, while the size of spherulites increased as indicated by polarized optical microscope (POM). A lower degree of crystallinity and larger spherulites were detected in the case of FGnP. Filler/matrix interfacial adhesion was also remarkably influenced the mechanical properties of PEO as an effective reinforcement of matrix obtained upon the addition of FGnP nanosheets compared to untreated graphene. 相似文献
13.
The tensile properties of spun yarns decisively influence its performance in various mechanical processing stages. This study
is primarily aimed at simultaneous analysis of two tensile properties of spun yarns namely tenacity and breaking strain, which
play crucial role in determining the frequency of warping breaks. The threshold values of yarn tenacity and breaking strain
required for 20’s Ne carded cotton yarn to sustain the imposed stresses and strains during warping process have been determined
using a bivariate normal distribution model. This study opens up the possibility of minimizing end breakage rate in various
manufacturing processes of textile industry by engineering of spun yarns devoid of potential weak spots which are responsible
for breaks. 相似文献
14.
15.
Ziying Wu Dun Huang Zhiwen Hu Yang Zhou Feng Zhao Zhiqin Peng Bing Wang 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(6):1146-1152
Consolidation of fragile historic silks is of great importance for further displays and researches. An effective and convenient method to consolidate aged silk fabric has been proposed by using a silk fibroin (SF)/ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) consolidation system. Artificial aged silk fabrics treated with SF/EGDE show great improvement in mechanical properties. The chemical reaction between EGDE and silk fabrics has been proved in previous paper. And in this paper, mechanical test, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) test and amino acid analysis (AAA) were applied to illustrate the interactions between SF and silk fabric, EGDE and SF. Results show that SF takes part in the consolidation in the form of adhesions on the surface of silk fibers. The chemical reactions and film adhesion are both responsible for the improvements of mechanical properties in the consolidation. 相似文献
16.
The rice industry produces a large amount of by-products daily. In fact, it is estimated that approximately 100 million tons of rice residues and by-products are generated each year. However, new protein sources are demanded for human food because of the continuous increase in the global population coupled with the almost total inability to increase global food production.A rice protein concentrate (RPC), which is a by-product of the rice industry, and two different hydrolysates (RPH25 and RPH120) obtained from RPC, have been used in order to evaluate the potential of RPC to form a gel-like food product at three different pH values (2.0, 6.5 and 8.0). The gelation process was monitored and subsequently, mechanical spectra were obtained. In addition, protein interactions (ionic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and disulphide bonds) were also determined in order to understand the gel structure. Finally, an antioxidant characterisation was carried out using three different reagents: DDPH, ABTS and Folin-Ciocalteu.A proper degree of hydrolysis and an optimal pH value seem to be key factors in the manufacturing of gels, showing a remarkable influence on both rheological properties and antioxidant activities. 相似文献
17.
Poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s, composed of a rigid backbone with alternating arylenes and ethynylenes, exhibit high conductivity and chemical stability, and thus they have huge potentials for various applications, including chemosensors, electronic and photonic devices. In spite of numerous interesting applications to date, not many researches concerning oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene)s-graft-poly(ethylene oxide)s (OPEs-g-PEOs) have been carried out, let alone their complexation behaviors with carbon nanomaterials. In this article, we present the synthesis of OPEs-g-PEOs and characterize its morphological and spectral properties by various characterization techniques. We have investigated the interaction of OPEs-g-PEOs with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) using various characterization techniques, such as UV-visible, photoluminescence, and Raman spectroscopy, along with SEM, TEM, and POM. In this way, we have successfully demonstrated that OPEs-g-PEOs provide a useful means to modify the physical properties of CNTs, especially in terms of their solubility in common organic solvents. 相似文献
18.
Mohammad Mirjalili 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(10):1579-1588
The main goal of present study was the fabrication of cotton fabric with special functions, including electrical conductivity, magnetic, antibacterial, and ultraviolet (UV) blocking. In this regard, the cotton fabric was primarily coated with graphene oxide and then reduction of graphene oxide and synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles accomplished in one step. The alkaline hydrolysis of magnetite precursors and reduction of graphene oxide was simultaneously performed using sodium hydroxide to produce reduced graphene oxide/Fe3O4 nanocomposite on the fabric surface. The prepared cotton fabrics were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The treated fabrics with reduced graphene oxide/Fe3O4 nanocomposite displayed a low electrical resistivity i.e. 80 kΩ/sq. Furthermore, the coated fabrics showed reasonable magnetic properties due to the presence of magnetite nanoparticles on the surface of cotton fabrics. Moreover, this process imparted proper antibacterial properties and UV blocking activity to cotton samples. 相似文献
19.
Steven C. Cermak Terry A. IsbellRoque L. Evangelista Burton L. Johnson 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,33(1):132-139
A new series of petroselinic (Coriandrum sativum L.) based estolide 2-ethylhexyl (2-EH) esters were synthesized, as the capping material varied in length and in degrees of unsaturation, in a perchloric acid catalyzed one-pot process with the esterification process incorporated into an in situ second step to provide the coriander estolide 2-EH ester. The kinematic viscosities ranged from 53 to 75 cSt at 40 °C and 9.1 to 14.6 cSt at 100 °C with a viscosity index (VI) ranging from 151 to 165. The caprylic (C8) capped coriander estolide 2-EH ester had the lowest low-temperature properties (pour point = −33 °C and cloud point = −33 °C), while the coco-coriander estolide 2-EH ester produced an estolide with modest low-temperature properties (pour point = −24 °C and cloud point = −25 °C). The coco-coriander estolide 2-EH ester was explored for the ability to resist oxidative degradation with the use of an biodegradable additive package added in 1.5%, 3.5%, or 7.0% units based on weight. The oxidative stability increased as the amount of stability package increased (rotating pressurized vessel oxidation test (RPVOT) times 65-273 min). Along with expected good biodegradability, these coriander estolide 2-EH esters had acceptable properties that should provide a specialty niche in the U.S. as a biobased lubricant. 相似文献
20.
In this study, amide and amine groups bound to poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers are used to remove the colored toxic Congo
red dye from aqueous solution. The effects of process variables like pH, contact time, graft yield, and initial dye concentration
on the adsorption were investigated. The maximum adsorption of Congo red to amide and amine groups was observed at pH 3 and
5 respectively. Equilibrium was attained at approximately 60 min for the amine group. The adsorption capacity of amine group
on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber was 46.5 mg g−1 at 25 °C, which was higher than that of the amide group on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber. Desorption was done using
0.1 M NH3, and recovery was measured at 58.2 %. The used adsorbent was regenerated and recycled six times. The results showed that
the amine-functionalized fiber could be considered as potential adsorbents for removal of Congo red from aqueous solution. 相似文献