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1.
以巴西橡胶树(Hevea Brasiliensis)无性系热研7-33-97的胶乳为材料,根据已报道的植物亮氨酸氨肽酶基因的保守序列设计简并引物,应用RACE技术克隆同源基因(HbLAP1).用生物信息学软件(DNA-MAN,DNAStar,ScanProsite,ClustalW)对HbLAP1进行生物信息学分析,通过Northern-blot分析HbLAP1的表达.结果表明,HbLAP1的cDNA全长1 985 bp,包括1个1 581 bp的阅读框,编码526个氨基酸的蛋白质,一个105 bp的5'非编码区和一个299bp的3'非编码区(括16个腺苷酸尾巴);HbLAP1是一种可溶性的细胞质氨肽酶结构域,割胶显著下调舶HbLAP1的表达.HbLAP1可能是乳管细胞茉莉酸信号途径的负调控因子. 相似文献
2.
胁迫相关蛋白(Stress associated proteins,SAPs)在植物免疫应答和胁迫反应中发挥着重要作用。采用电子克隆和RT-PCR相结合的方法,从巴西橡胶树中分离胁迫相关蛋白基因Hb SAP1。结果表明:Hb SAP1基因的开放阅读框为537 bp,编码178个氨基酸。Hb SAP1蛋白预测分子量为18.87 ku,等电点为7.98,具有典型的A20和AN1锌指结构域。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,Hb SAP1基因在巴西橡胶树各组织中均有表达,以茎尖中的表达量最高。同健康橡胶树相比,Hb SAP1基因在死皮橡胶树胶乳和树皮中的表达量显著升高。伤害、H2O2、乙烯利及茉莉酸甲酯处理均能使胶乳中Hb SAP1基因的表达上调。低温及PEG诱导的干旱胁迫下,Hb SAP1基因在叶片中的表达显著增强。上述结果表明,Hb SAP1基因可能在橡胶树死皮发生、非生物胁迫应答、乙烯及茉莉酸信号转导中发挥重要调控作用。 相似文献
3.
从巴西橡胶树中鉴定出一个泛素结合酶(UBC)基因,该基因长653 bp,最长开放阅读框504 bp,预测编码蛋白包含167个氨基酸;序列比对分析发现,该基因编码的蛋白具有一段保守的UBC结构域,与拟南芥E2成员UBC14(At3g55380)具有较高的相似性,故将该基因命名为HbUBC14。半定量RT-PCR分析结果表明,HbUBC14在巴西橡胶树胶乳中表达最高,在花药中表达最低。与健康橡胶树相比,死皮树胶乳中HbUBC14表达量明显下降。HbUBC14表达还受乙烯和茉莉酸调控。以上结果表明,HbUBC1 相似文献
4.
检索橡胶树EST和基因组数据库,发现了1个在叶片中高丰度表达的中碱性转化酶基因.采用RT-PCR和RACE技术获得了该基因的cDNA和基因组序列,命名为Hb NINa.序列分析结果显示,HbNINa基因cDNA序列的编码区(CDS)序列长度为1 719 bp,对应的基因组序列为3 696 bp.序列分析表明,该基因编码571个氨基酸多肽,推测其分子量大小为65.7 ku,等电点为6.36.HbNINa蛋白包含植物中碱性转化酶的全部保守结构域.基因组结构分析显示Hb NINa基因包含4个外显子和3个内含子.QPCR分析结果表明,HbNINa基因在在胶乳中表达水平极低,而在其他组织如树皮、树叶和雌花中的表达丰度相对较高.在叶片发育过程中,Hb NINa在叶片发育的初期高丰度表达,推测HbNINa可能参与叶片蔗糖利用,进而在橡胶树叶片发育过程中起重要作用. 相似文献
5.
通过同源克隆和RACE方法获得了巴西橡胶树DNA甲基转移酶(DNA Methyltransferase,MET)基因(Hb MET)。Hb MET长4 896 bp,含有4 635 bp的阅读框架,编码1 545个氨基酸。蛋白分子量174.36 ku,等电点为6.36。氨基酸序列与可可、毛果杨、黄瓜、拟南芥、碧桃、葡萄和烟草等物种的MET家族成员的同源性分别为73%、77%、74%、56%、72%和68%。进化树分析表明,Hb MET氨基酸序列与毛果杨的MET亲缘关系最近。Hb MET在巴西橡胶树的根、树皮、叶、胶乳中均有表达,其中在胶乳中表达量最低;Hb MET在橡胶树自根幼态无性系的胶乳中表达比老态无性系胶乳中的表达低。 相似文献
6.
根据模式植物拟南芥中同类蛋白的氨基酸序列在橡胶树转录组数据库中进行同源搜索并设计引物,通过RT-PCR方法扩增巴西橡胶树TLP同源基因的cDNA片段,命名为Hb TLP1.该片段包含一个984 bp的开放阅读框,编码327个氨基酸的多肽.生物信息学分析结果表明,该氨基酸序列含有一个超级THAUMATIN-Like结构域,与杨树、大豆、葡萄和拟南芥的TPL蛋白有较高的同源性.半定量分析结果表明,该基因的表达受水杨酸(SA)和鞭毛蛋白(flg22)的诱导,但不受茉莉酸(JA)的影响.以上结果揭示该基因为橡胶树的TPL同源基因,参与SA介导的抗病信号途径和植物的先天免疫反应. 相似文献
7.
Mlo基因是一类重要的抗病基因,该基因的隐性突变可赋予植物广谱持久的抗病性。本研究以葡萄Mlo9(VvMlo9)基因为探针对巴西橡胶树的EST和转录组数据库进行同源搜索,并将获得的同源EST序列进行拼接,得到巴西橡胶树Mlo9基因的cDNA序列。采用RT-PCR方法成功克隆了橡胶树的Mlo9基因,并命名为HbMlo9。序列分析结果表明,该基因的开放阅读框(ORF)为1 725 bp,编码574个氨基酸,分子量为65.35 ku,等电点为8.93。对HbMlo9蛋白结构域的分析结果发现,该蛋白具有Mlo保守结构域,包含9次跨膜结构和1个典型的N端信号肽。系统进化关系分析结果发现,Mlo是1个比较保守的蛋白家族,HbMlo9与蓖麻Mlo同源性最高,达到88%,其次是桃Mlo(79%)和葡萄VvMlo9 (78%)。本研究为验证该基因在巴西橡胶树抗病中的功能奠定基础。 相似文献
8.
采用Macroarray印迹杂交技术从本实验室构建的橡胶树机械伤害诱导的树皮抑制性差减杂交(SSH)cDNA文库中检测到1个差异表达EST.采用RT-PCR和RACE技术获得了该基因全长cDNA序列,包括124 bp的5'端非编码区,337 bp的3'端非编码区和1个编码224个氨基酸的开放阅读框.该cDNA编码的蛋白具有植物脱水素蛋白的特征性结构,属于SK2类脱水素蛋白.命名为H6DDHN1,与其它植物的SK2类脱水素蛋白具有49.0%～68.2%的氨基酸序列同源性.RT-PCR分析表明,机械伤害对HbDHN1基因的表达没有明显影响,受伤组织的脱水显著上调该基因的表达. 相似文献
9.
根据已获得的1个在巴西橡胶树自根幼态无性系与老态无性系之间差异表达的SSH片段的序列信息设计引物,通过RACE方法获得了1个橡胶树编码含有R3H结构域蛋白的cDNA（命名为HbR3HP1）。序列分析结果表明：HbR3HP1长为1 286 bp,含有1 056 bp的阅读框、30 bp的5′-UTR和160 bp的3′-UTR,HbR3HP1编码的蛋白质由351个氨基酸组成,分子量为40.23 ku,等电点为8.29。HbR3HP1含有保守的R3H结构域, 与1个蓖麻、1个蒺藜苜蓿和3个拟南芥的含有R3H结构域蛋白的同源性分别为82％、64％、65％、56％和54％。定量PCR分析结果表明,HbR3HP1在橡胶树的根、花、叶、树皮、胶乳中均有表达,在树皮和胶乳中表达量相对较高;茉莉酸可以诱导HbR3HP1的表达,乙烯对HbR3HP1的表达基本无影响。 相似文献
10.
根据已获得的在橡胶树自根幼态无性系与老态无性系胶乳中一个差异表达的片段序列设计引物,通过RACE法获得了橡胶树编码含有重金属相关结构域蛋白的cDNA,命名为HbHMADl.序列分析结果表明,HbHMA D1长为814bp,含有453 bp的阅读框,78bp的5’-UTR和283 bp的Y-UTR,编码150个氨基酸,分子量为16.9 ku,等电点为10.4.HbHMAD1含有重金属相关结构域,与蓖麻(Ricinus communis)、拟南芥(Arabodopsis thesis)(3个)和玉米(Zea mays)中的含有重金属相关结构域蛋白的同源性分别为85％、64％、63％、60％和55％.半定量RT-PCR分析表明HbHMA D1基因在胶乳和树皮中表达,在叶中微量表达,在花中基本不表达. 相似文献
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12.
Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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15.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
16.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
17.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
18.
Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献
19.
Chitosan is considered to be one of the most promising and applicable materials in adsorption applications. The existence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its molecules contributes to many possible adsorption interactions between chitosan and pollutants (dyes, metals, ions, phenols, pharmaceuticals/drugs, pesticides, herbicides, etc.). These functional groups can help in establishing positions for modification. Based on the learning from previously published works in literature, researchers have achieved a modification of chitosan with a number of different functional groups. This work summarizes the published works of the last three years (2012–2014) regarding the modification reactions of chitosans (grafting, cross-linking, etc.) and their application to adsorption of different environmental pollutants (in liquid-phase). 相似文献
20.
Rita Favas Janaína Morone Rosrio Martins Vitor Vasconcelos Graciliana Lopes 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O2•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O2•− scavenging, (IC50 = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC25 = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC50 = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC50 = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O2•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms. 相似文献