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1.
不同油脂对填饲期朗德鹅生产性能、血清指标及肝脏脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同油脂对填饲期朗德鹅产肝性能、脂肪沉积、屠宰性能、血清指标及肝脏脂肪酸组成的影响。选取70日龄朗德鹅母鹅80只,体重为(3.0±0.1)kg,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只。鹅油组为对照组,饲粮中添加2%的鹅油;牛油组、鱼油组和菜籽油组为试验组,饲粮中分别添加2%的牛油、鱼油和菜籽油。预试期7 d,填饲期20 d。结果表明:1)菜籽油组和牛油组的肝脏重均显著高于鱼油组(P0.05),牛油组的肝体比显著高于鹅油组(P0.05)。菜籽油组和鹅油组的活重、全净膛重均显著高于牛油组和鱼油组(P0.05)。2)鱼油组血清甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)含量显著低于鹅油组(P0.05);菜籽油组血清LDL含量显著低于鹅油组(P0.05),且其血清总胆固醇(TC)含量显著低于牛油组(P0.05);牛油组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著高于鹅油组(P0.05);牛油组、鱼油组和菜籽油组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性较鹅油组有不同程度的降低,但差异均不显著(P0.05)。3)与添加鹅油相比,添加鱼油显著降低了肝脏中总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量(P0.05),显著提高了肝脏中不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)C16∶1、C17∶1、C18∶1n-9、C18∶2n-6、C18∶3n-3、C20∶1n-9、C20∶4n-6、C20∶5n-3、C22∶1n-9、C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3、C24∶1n-9及总UFA含量(P0.05);添加菜籽油显著降低了肝脏中总SFA含量(P0.05),显著提高了肝脏中UFA C16∶1、C18∶1n-9、C18∶2n-6、C20∶2、C22∶1n-9及总UFA含量(P0.05);添加牛油显著提高了肝脏中C18∶3n-3、C20∶5n-3、C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3及总多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量(P0.05)。由此得出,与添加鹅油相比,饲粮添加菜籽油或牛油时填饲期朗德鹅的产肝性能较佳;添加鱼油和菜籽油可增加填饲期朗德鹅肝脏中PUFA含量,降低血清脂质含量。 相似文献
2.
桑叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究桑叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。选取163只412日龄的罗曼粉蛋鸡,随机分成4组,每组12个重复,每个重复3～4只。分别饲以桑叶粉添加量为0、5%、8%和11%的试验日粮。试验期为40 d。试验结果表明:(1)桑叶粉添加组的产蛋率显著低于对照组(不添加组)(P<0.01);5%桑叶粉组的料蛋比显著高于对照组(P<0.05),8%、11%桑叶粉组的料蛋比与对照组的差异不显著(P>0.05);各组间平均日采食量差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)桑叶粉添加组的蛋黄颜色显著深于对照组(P<0.01),且随着桑叶粉添加量的增加,蛋黄颜色加深;除蛋黄颜色外,各组间其他的鸡蛋物理指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。(3)各组的蛋黄粗脂肪、粗蛋白质及胆固醇含量差异不显著(P>0.05);各桑叶粉添加组的蛋黄多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、ω-6系脂肪酸的含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),8%、11%桑叶粉组的蛋黄ω-3系脂肪酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01),而各组饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,从开发饲料资源、提高蛋黄色泽和蛋黄中PUFA、ω-6... 相似文献
3.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加亚麻籽和鱼油对蛋鸡蛋黄n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量、肝脏脂肪酸组成及其合成代谢基因表达的影响。选择28周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡96只,随机分为4组,每组24只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加10%亚麻籽、10%亚麻籽+5%鱼油和5%鱼油。饲养21 d后连续收集7 d鸡蛋,然后每组随机选取4只鸡屠宰取样。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)添加亚麻籽和鱼油均显著增加蛋黄中n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量(P0.05),其中单独添加鱼油的蛋黄中二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和二十碳五烯酸含量最高;2)试验组肝脏单不饱和脂肪酸比例均显著降低(P0.05),肝脏n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例均显著增加(P0.05);3)单独添加鱼油显著降低肝脏脂肪酸延长酶1、脂肪酸延长酶2和去饱和酶(脂肪酸去饱和酶1、脂肪酸去饱和酶2和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1)基因表达水平(P0.05)。由此可见,蛋鸡饲粮中单独添加亚麻籽或鱼油可以富集蛋黄n-3多不饱和脂肪酸沉积;添加亚麻籽促进肝脏α-亚麻酸转化生成DHA过程,表现为上调脂肪酸延长酶和去饱和酶基因表达,添加鱼油显示相反结果。 相似文献
4.
日粮中不同牛磺酸水平对蛋鸡体内脂类代谢的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将504只59周龄海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复24只鸡。在各组鸡饲粮中分别添加0%、0.005%、0.01%、0.02%、0.04%、0.08%、0.16%的牛磺酸,研究牛磺酸对蛋鸡血清、肝脏及蛋黄脂类代谢的影响。试验结果表明:1)日粮中添加牛磺酸能够显著降低68周龄蛋鸡血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量(P<0.05);显著提高64周龄及68周龄蛋鸡血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P<0.05)。2)添加牛磺酸可显著降低68周龄蛋鸡肝脏胆固醇含量(P<0.05)。3)日粮中添加牛磺酸可降低68周龄蛋鸡蛋黄胆固醇含量但差异不显著(P>0.05);显著降低68周龄末产蛋鸡蛋黄中棕榈酸及硬脂酸含量(P<0.05);显著增加蛋黄油酸含量(P<0.05);极显著增加蛋黄亚油酸含量(P<0.01)。说明蛋鸡日粮中添加牛磺酸可以改善蛋黄脂肪组成。4)综合本试验各项结果,以添加0.005%水平牛磺酸调节蛋鸡脂类代谢的效果最佳。 相似文献
5.
不同能量水平和来源对鸡蛋品质的影响 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
将60只18周龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分到3个饲粮处理组中,饲粮处理为对照组、脂肪组和淀粉组,对照组的基础日粮为典型玉米豆粕型日粮,脂肪组和淀粉组在饲粮中分别添加一定量动物油脂和植物淀粉代替一定量玉米,各处理组之间除能量水平和来源不同以外其他营养水平一致.试验期12周,每个处理取15个蛋测定蛋品质.结果表明:①提高饲粮能量水平可显著降低蛋重,提高蛋黄重/蛋重比例,增加蛋黄中油酸含量(P<0.01);②添加淀粉和动物油脂可分别提高和降低蛋黄中粗脂肪含量(P<0.05);③添加脂肪可增加蛋黄中亚麻酸(P<0.05)和二十二碳六烯酸的含量(P<0.01),降低棕榈酸和棕榈烯酸含量(P<0.01).④各组之间蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度及胆固醇含量差异均不显著(P>0.05).由此可见,改变饲粮能量水平和能量来源可以影响鸡蛋品质. 相似文献
6.
本试验通过在海兰褐蛋鸡饲粮中配合不同比例的橡胶籽饼,评价其对蛋黄脂肪酸组成及胆固醇含量的影响。选取72只25周龄的健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复3只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,Ⅰ~Ⅴ组饲粮分别配合5.00%、10.00%、15.00%、20.00%和25.00%的橡胶籽饼。各组饲粮的营养水平一致。试验期6周。结果表明:饲粮中配合不同比例橡胶籽饼对蛋鸡蛋黄饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量无显著影响(P0.05);但蛋黄亚油酸(LA)、α-亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量随饲粮橡胶籽饼配合比例的增加呈增加趋势,且各试验组蛋黄DHA含量与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05);随饲粮橡胶籽饼配合比例的增加,蛋黄总多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、n-6 PUFA和n-3 PUFA含量呈增加趋势,n-6/n-3 PUFA呈降低趋势;各试验组蛋黄胆固醇含量与对照组相比差异不显著(P0.05),但均低于对照组。由此可见,饲粮中配合一定比例的橡胶籽饼能够获得较低的n-6/n-3PUFA,达到提高蛋黄总PUFA、n-6 PUFA和n-3 PUFA含量的效果。 相似文献
7.
《畜牧兽医学报》2017,(6)
本试验旨在研究饲粮n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)配比对冬毛生长期雄性北极狐体脂沉积、体脂肪酸组成及血液生化指标的影响。试验选取48只157日龄,平均体重为(5 658±47)g的健康雄性北极狐,随机分成4组(每组12个重复,每个重复1只),分别饲喂n-6/n-3PUFA配比为3、18、41和136的试验饲粮,试验饲粮对应添加的油脂为12%鱼油和2%豆油(Ⅰ组),9.38%玉米油和4.62%豆油(Ⅱ组),12%玉米油和2%豆油(Ⅲ组),1.5%鱼油和12.5%玉米油(Ⅳ组)。预饲期7d,试验期40d。结果表明:1)饲粮n-6/n-3PUFA配比极显著影响北极狐肝体指数(P0.01),Ⅳ组极显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P0.01),与Ⅰ组差异不显著(P0.05),对肝脂肪含量、肝脂率、皮下脂肪重、皮脂率均无显著影响(P0.05);2)饲粮n-6/n-3PUFA配比显著或极显著影响北极狐肌内脂肪饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、PUFA、n-6和n-3PUFA含量(P0.05或P0.01),Ⅰ组SFA显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05),与Ⅲ和Ⅳ组差异不显著(P0.05),Ⅰ组MUFA显著高于Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P0.05),与Ⅱ组差异不显著(P0.05),Ⅱ组PUFA极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),与Ⅲ组差异不显著(P0.05),Ⅰ和Ⅲ组n-3极显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),Ⅲ组n-6极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),与Ⅱ组差异不显著(P0.05);饲粮n-6/n-3PUFA配比极显著影响皮下脂肪中的MUFA,PUFA,n-3和n-6PUFA(P0.01),而对SFA无显著影响(P0.05),Ⅰ组MUFA极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),Ⅱ和Ⅲ组PUFA极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),Ⅰ和Ⅲ组n-3极显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),Ⅱ组n-6极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组(P0.01),与Ⅲ组差异不显著(P0.05);3)饲粮n-6/n-3PUFA配比显著影响了北极狐血清中的高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)和补体4(C4)(P0.05),而对血清中的TG、TC和GLU、ⅠgA、ⅠgM、ⅠgG、补体3、TNF和ⅠL-2无显著影响(P0.05),Ⅰ组HDL-C显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P0.05),Ⅰ组LDL-C显著高于Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P0.05),与Ⅱ组差异不显著(P0.05),Ⅳ组C4显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P0.05),与Ⅰ组差异不显著(P0.05)。饲粮n-6/n-3PUFA配比为41时,降低了肝体指数,动员了肌内脂肪和皮下脂肪中不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)含量,利于机体SFA的沉积,降低了血脂中高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)含量,保证了北极狐机体的健康。 相似文献
8.
本试验旨在研究基础日粮中添加深海鱼油对花凤蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋脂肪酸组成的影响。360只体重相近的240日龄花凤蛋鸡随机分为试验组和对照组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。试验组在基础日粮中添加3%鱼油,对照组饲喂等量基础日粮进行30天的饲养试验。结果表明:鱼油对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质均未造成显著的影响,但是与对照组相比,试验组产蛋率、蛋重有所降低,蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度有所提高;而添加鱼油对鸡蛋多不饱和脂肪酸含量有显著影响,其中试验组C18∶3n3(ALA)、C20∶5n3(EPA)多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),C22∶6n3(DHA)和C18∶3n6(ALA)含量较对照组也有上升的趋势。本研究表明,花凤蛋鸡日粮中添加深海鱼油,可以促进蛋黄中多不饱和脂肪酸(ALA、EPA、DHA)的沉积,进而增加鸡蛋的营养价值,同时对蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质没有明显的影响。 相似文献
9.
《水禽世界》2020,(5)
本文研究蛋鸡日粮中添加的红棕榈油对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质以及蛋黄色度的影响。实验选在养殖条件优秀的全封闭鸡舍进行,挑选对象为47周龄的健康海兰褐蛋鸡4000羽,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复200只蛋鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮+1.5%豆油,为了使各组日粮能值一样,试验组在对照组日粮的基础上采用0.5%、1%和1.5%红棕榈油替代等量豆油,设为0.5%、1%和1.5%三个试验组。试验期为4周。结果表明:试验组的哈氏单位及蛋黄色度明显高于对照组(P0.05),而且试验组中蛋黄的类胡萝卜素的含量也高于对照组(P0.05),且呈线性相关。试验组的蛋重随红棕榈油的添加量也呈线性相关,其中1%和1.5%试验组较对照组有明显提高(P0.05)。0.5%和1%试验组相比于对照组,产蛋率、料蛋比都没有太大差异,其中1.5%试验组的料蛋比有所下降。可见,在蛋鸡日粮中添加一定量的红棕榈油,不仅可以改善蛋品质,有效提高蛋黄色度,增加鸡蛋的营养价值,而且还可以改善蛋鸡的肠道和生殖系统,使蛋鸡的生产性能得到了一定的改善,是品牌蛋从业者替代合成色素的最佳原料。 相似文献
10.
《畜牧与饲料科学》2017,(2)
旨在探讨姜黄对蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响。选择体重、产蛋率相近的健康罗曼褐蛋鸡48只,随机分为试验组和对照组。试验组日粮中添加1%姜黄粉,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验期为48 d。测定并比较2组蛋鸡的生产性能指标、鸡蛋品质指标和血清生化指标。结果表明:试验组蛋鸡的采食量和产蛋率高于对照组(P0.05),料蛋比低于对照组(P0.05);试验组鸡蛋的蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),每克蛋黄胆固醇含量和鸡蛋胆固醇含量均极显著低于对照组(P0.01);试验组蛋鸡的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)极显著高于对照组(P0.01),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)、甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)含量显著或极显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。姜黄具有降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量、改善蛋鸡脂代谢功能的作用。 相似文献
11.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加胆碱与裂殖壶菌油(Schizochytrium oil,SO)对鸡蛋卵黄脂质及二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)富集的影响。选取26周龄京红蛋鸡288只,分4组(每组6个重复,每重复12只鸡)。采用2×2因子试验设计,饲粮添加胆碱(500和1 000 mg/kg)和SO(0和0.5%)为2个主效应,共配制4种等氮等能饲粮。预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)试验期内,各组生产性能和蛋品质均无显著差异(P0.05)。2)各组卵黄中干物质、粗脂肪、胆固醇及甘油三酯含量均无显著差异(P0.05)。1 000 mg/kg胆碱组卵黄总磷脂含量显著高于500 mg/kg胆碱组(P0.05)。胆碱和SO对卵黄总磷脂含量有显著交互作用(P=0.04),1 000 mg/kg胆碱+0.5%SO组卵黄总磷脂含量最高。3)0.5%SO显著提高卵黄n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)和DHA含量(P0.05),显著降低n-6 PUFA含量及n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA值(P0.05)。胆碱和SO对卵黄中n-3 PUFA(P0.001)、n-6 PUFA(P=0.01)及DHA(P0.001)含量和n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA值(P=0.01)有显著交互作用,1 000 mg/kg胆碱+0.5%SO组卵黄中n-3PUFA和DHA含量显著高于其他组(P0.05),且n-6 PUFA含量及n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA值显著低于其他组(P0.05)。综上,本试验条件下,饲粮中1 000 mg/kg胆碱和0.5%SO联合添加可促进卵黄DHA富集,且对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质无显著影响。 相似文献
12.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加亚麻籽油对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸组成及鸡蛋风味的影响。选取40周龄海兰灰商品代蛋鸡288只,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复9只鸡。设计分别添加0、0.5%、1.0%和3.0%亚麻籽油的4种等能等氮日粮。预试期1周,正试期4周。结果显示：①日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、3.0%亚麻籽油对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质均无显著影响（P>0.05）;②亚麻籽油可显著提高蛋黄中α-亚麻酸（ALA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）及总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量,且其随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化（P<0.05）;③3.0%亚麻籽油组显著降低了蛋黄气味及滋味评分,同时显著增强了蛋黄鱼腥气味及滋味评分（P<0.05）,而蛋黄总体接受度显著降低（P<0.05）,且其均随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化（P<0.05）;④鸡蛋蛋黄总n-3 PUFA含量与鱼腥气味、滋味间具有显著相关性（P<0.05）,且鸡蛋蛋黄接受度随n-3 PUFA含量增加而降低（R2=0.801）。综上所述,日粮添加亚麻籽油可提高蛋黄总n-3 PUFA含量,但添加量过高时对鸡蛋风味产生不良影响导致总体接受度下降;蛋黄总n-3 PUFA含量不高于21.26 mg/g时,可接受度评分大于5分,鸡蛋感官品质在可接受范围内。 相似文献
13.
Millet S De Ceulaer K Van Paemel M Raes K De Smet S Janssens GP 《British poultry science》2006,47(3):294-300
1. In a cross-over trial, the egg cholesterol and fatty acid composition of Araucana hens was compared with those of two commercial breeds (Lohmann Selected Leghorn and ISA Brown) under two feeding regimes, either high (Hn-3) or low (Ln-3) in long-chain n-3 fatty acids. 2. The Hn-3 diet was formed by isocaloric substitution of animal fat in the control diet (Ln-3) by a dry product containing stabilised fish oil with standardised concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). 3. Both breed and diet had influences on egg composition, without interactions. 4. The Araucana breed showed lower feed intake and lower egg weights than the other two breeds. The yolk weight was similar, leading to a much higher yolk:albumen ratio in the Araucana eggs. 5. In comparison to commercial breeds, Araucanas produced eggs with higher cholesterol content per g of yolk, which was even more pronounced when expressed per g of egg, due to the high yolk content of the eggs. The cholesterol content of an egg remained unchanged by the diet, irrespective of the dietary fat source. 6. Changing to the Hn-3 diet led to greater concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) contents in the yolk, without a change in the ratio of saturated (SFA) to unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). 7. Within the PUFA, the n-3 fatty acids increased at the expense of the n-6 fatty acids, indicating a competition between n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for incorporation in the yolk. 相似文献
14.
试验旨在比较笼养和平养方式对不同品种蛋鸭蛋品质的影响,以期为评价不同饲养方式下的鸭蛋品质提供参考依据。随机选取40周龄笼养和平养的金定鸭（青壳蛋）和山麻鸭（白壳蛋）鸭蛋各30枚于产后24 h内进行蛋品质测定。结果表明,同一品种笼养蛋鸭蛋重极显著大于平养蛋鸭蛋重（P<0.01）,蛋重与蛋壳重、蛋白重和蛋黄重之间均存在极显著正相关（P<0.01）,但不同类型鸭蛋的蛋黄重之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。青壳蛋的蛋壳强度显著高于白壳蛋（P<0.05）,笼养青壳蛋的蛋壳强度亦高于平养青壳蛋（P<0.05）。蛋的比重与蛋壳厚度呈极显著正相关（0.503,P<0.01）,与蛋壳强度的相关系数亦达到0.536（P<0.01）。4种类型鸭蛋的哈氏单位均达到72以上。虽然蛋白重与蛋黄重之间呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）,但蛋白重与蛋黄比率之间却呈极显著的负相关（P<0.01）。蛋的比重与蛋黄重和蛋黄比率之间亦存在显著负相关（P<0.05）。以上结果表明,就蛋品质而言,蛋鸭养殖以采用笼养模式、选择青壳蛋鸭品种为宜。 相似文献
15.
硒和铬对蛋鸡脂质代谢及鸡蛋硒含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验旨在研究在蛋鸡日粮中添加酵母硒和吡啶羧酸铬及其互作对蛋鸡生产性能、脂质代谢及鸡蛋品质的影响.选用320只45周龄海赛克斯蛋鸡随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡,在基础口粮中分别添加0 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬(Ⅰ组)、0.4 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬(Ⅱ组)、0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(Ⅲ组)、0.4 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬+0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(Ⅳ组),预饲1周,试验从46周龄持续到50周龄,试验期5周(35 d).结果表明,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组产蛋率极显著提高,料蛋比极显著降低(P<0.01).Ⅱ、Ⅳ组血清总胆固醇含量极显著降低(P<0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清高密度胆固醇含量极显著升高(P<0.01).Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组蛋黄中的胆固醇含量与Ⅰ组差异极显著(P<0.01).Ⅲ、Ⅳ组与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比,鸡蛋硒含量极显著升高(P<0.01).Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在试验开始到第2周末鸡蛋硒含量极显著升高(P<0.01),从第2周末到第5周末,硒含量基本稳定,4个组均进入平台期.结果显示,吡啶羧酸铬极显著降低了血清及蛋黄中的胆固醇含量.酵母硒极显著提高了产蛋率,降低了料蛋比,并降低了蛋黄中胆固醇含量,提高了鸡蛋中的硒含量.同时添加吡啶羧酸铬和酵母硒极显著提高了产蛋率,降低了料蛋比,并降低了血清及蛋黄中的胆固醇含量,提高了血清中高密度胆同醇含量和鸡蛋中的硒含量. 相似文献
16.
1. Increased concentrations of maternal corticosterone are deposited into egg yolk under stress conditions. This experiment investigated the effect of maternal corticosterone on yolk and yolk sac fatty acid profiles of eggs and developing broiler embryos. 2. At 42 weeks of age, 200 broiler breeder females were randomly divided into two groups: maternal corticosterone (MC): 2 mg/hen/d of corticosterone dissolved in 1 mL of 99% ethanol and mixed in the individual daily feed for a 14 d period, and control: 1 mL of ethanol added to the individual daily feed. Hens were inseminated, and eggs were collected daily from d 3 of corticosterone feeding to d 14 and incubated. Fatty acid profiles of egg yolk and yolk sac were analysed before incubation and at 12, 14, 18 and 21 d of incubation. 3. Yolk corticosterone concentrations were greater in MC eggs. Before incubation, eggs from MC had lower DHA (22 : 6 n-3) but higher stearic (18 : 0) and dihomo-gamma linolenic (20 : 3 n-6 Cis 8,11,14) acid content compared with the control. 4. Higher concentrations of stearic (18 : 0), elaidic (18 : 1 tr n-9), eicosenoic (20 : 1 n-9), eicosadienoic (20 : 2 n-6), dihomo-gamma linoleic (20 : 3 n-6) and arachidonic (20 : 4 n-6) acids and lower concentrations of myristic (14 : 0), palmitoleic (16 : 1 n-7), linoleic (18 : 2 n-6) and DHA (22 : 6 n-3) were found at different periods of incubation in the residual yolk sac of MC than from controls. 5. The results suggest that the preferentially selective absorption of fatty acids is related to specific tissue requirements. 相似文献
17.
Cachaldora P García-Rebollar P Alvarez C De Blas JC Méndez J 《British poultry science》2006,47(1):43-49
1. Laying hen performance and yolk fat fatty acid (FA) concentrations were evaluated with respect to the inclusion in the diet of different sources and levels of marine fish oil (MFO). 2. Twelve diets were arranged factorially, with three sources (MFO1, MFO2_EPA, MFO3_DHA) and four levels of inclusion (15, 30, 45 and 60 g/kg) of MFO. 3. Type of diet had little effect on egg production traits, although laying rate and shell thickness slightly decreased at the highest level of MFO supplementation. 4. An increase in level of inclusion of MFO from 15 to 60 g/kg linearly increased concentrations of C20:5 n-3, C22:5 n-3, C22:6 n-3 and total n-3 FA in yolk fat, but greatly impaired their efficiencies of deposition (g retained/g ingested). 5. An interaction between type and dietary concentration of MFO was found, as the reduction in efficiency of retention of n-3 FA in egg fat with level of MFO was less when the proportion of n-3 in total FA decreased or when that of DHA in total n-3 FA increased. 6. MFO3_ DHA was more efficiently used for total n-3 FA yolk deposition than MFO2_EPA at a similar total n-3 FA intake. 7. Dietary inclusion of MFO reduced LC n-6 FA yolk fat content, which additionally decreased the ratio between total n-6 and total n-3 FA in egg fat. 8. Regression equations were calculated in order to predict efficiency of retention and n-3 FA concentration of yolk fat in the range of diets studied. 相似文献
18.
1. The effects of feeding three types of cereal grain (wheat, triticale or rye) and soyabean oil (0 or 20 g/kg) over a 12-week period on the production, yolk cholesterol and yolk fatty acid concentrations of three strains of laying pullets were studied. 2. Pullets fed on wheat- or triticale-based diets had higher body weight gains, egg productions, egg weights, egg mass and lower yolk cholesterol concentrations than pullets fed on rye-based diets. However, there were no significant differences between the cereals in yolk cholesterol content. 3. There were no significant differences between the three cereals in total food consumption of pullets nor of yolk weight nor yolk concentration of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids. 4. Pullets fed on triticale-based diets had higher yolk linoleic acid concentrations and lower yolk oleic acid: linoleic acid ratios than pullets fed on rye- or wheat-based diets. 5. Soyabean oil supplementation increased egg production, egg mass, yolk linoleic concentration and yolk unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio, but reduced yolk oleic acid: linoleic acid ratio. 6. There were differences between strains of pullets in weight gain, food consumption, rate of lay, egg weight and yolk cholesterol, but not in yolk fatty acid concentrations. 7. It was concluded that wheat- or triticale-based diets gave good production of eggs of lower cholesterol content, that soyabean oil supplementation gave eggs with a high unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio and that two strains of layers produced eggs with lower yolk cholesterol concentrations than a third strain. 相似文献
19.
SH. Golzar Adabi M. Ahbab A. R. Fani A. Hajbabaei N. Ceylan R. G. Cooper 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(1):27-38
Lipids are an important nutritional component of the avian egg. A review of the literature was completed to determine the fatty acid compositions in egg yolk from some avian species. Additionally, the nutritional influence of lipid and lipoprotein content on the plasma of male participants during 30‐day feeding was discussed. The ostrich eggs had the highest unsaturated fatty acid and the lowest cholesterol content in relation to other avian species. Ostrich had a higher proportion of 18:3n‐3 (p < 0.01) compared with other species. Chicken yolk numerically contained much higher levels of 22:6n‐3 than those found in turkeys, quails and geese, but the amount of 22:6n‐3 in ostrich egg was lower by comparison with other species (p < 0.01). After the storage of eggs at the room temperature, there was a notable loss of vitamin E (vitE) in the yolks of all species and this decrease was marginal (p < 0.01) in ostrich compared with other species. There were significant (p < 0.05) increases in plasma low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) level in all male subjects. Plasma high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) level decreased (p < 0.05) only in men who were fed chicken or ostrich eggs daily. Consumption of different species’ eggs had no influence on the total male plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels. LDL‐C:HDL‐C ratio increased (p < 0.05) after goose and turkey egg consumption. Consumption of one egg/month by healthy human subjects had no effect on serum total cholesterol and triglyceride. The LDL‐C:HDL‐C ratio (which is a strong predictor of coronary heart disease risk) increased, although non‐significantly, by consuming chicken, quail and ostrich eggs. 相似文献
20.
旨在探究紫苏籽油对蛋雏鸡生长性能、抗氧化性能、免疫性能、血液生化指标及机体多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)组成的影响。选用14日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡120只,随机分4组:C组(基础日粮,n-6/n-3≈15∶1),T1组(基础日粮+0.1%紫苏籽油,n-6/n-3≈10∶1)、T2组(基础日粮+0.6%紫苏籽油,n-6/n-3≈5∶1)、T3组(基础日粮+6%紫苏籽油,n-6/n-3≈1∶1)。结果表明:与C组相比,T1、T2组雏鸡日增重显著提高(P<0.05)、料重比显著降低(P<0.05),试验组胫长增长速率无显著差异(P>0.05),但T1、T2组管围显著升高(P<0.05)。随着紫苏籽油添加量的增加,白蛋白含量存在线性下降趋势,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均呈线性上升趋势,总胆固醇、甘油三酯及谷氨酰基转移酶呈二次相关趋势,且试验组均显著低于C组(P<0.05),T2组的白蛋白含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。T2组的总抗氧化能力显著高于C组(P<0.05),而T3组的丙二醛含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),且T2组含量最低。免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M和补体4在0.1%~0.6%范围内有显著增强效果(P<0.05)。随着紫苏籽油添加量的增加,机体内n-3PUFAs显著提高(P<0.05),n-6/n-3值显著下降(P<0.05)。综上所述,紫苏籽油有利于蛋雏鸡机体生长免疫及脂质代谢和PUFAs组成的调节,且以0.6%添加量饲养效果最佳。 相似文献