共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 468 毫秒
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林冠截留模型 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
对林冠截留的研究已有近百年的历史。1971年,Rutter等人就推导出了一个具有清楚物理意义的林冠截留模型,结束了以往的林冠截留模型中只有统计模型的历史。1987年,刘家冈用数理方法,对林冠截留的时空演变过程作了很好的描述。但使用他们的模型对林冠截留进行估计时,需要同时对其它多个气象因子进行测定,而且人们普遍关心的不是林冠对次降雨截留的大小,而是林冠对降水的年截留量大小。 1979年,Gash用分析法代替了Rutter模型中的数值法,建立了截留模型,该模型能在只有降雨数据的情况下,对林冠的季节截留进行估计,结果与实测值接近。该模型将林冠截留分成两部分,即树冠截留和树干截留,因而引进了较多的参数。本文从林冠截留的过程出发,推导出一个有清楚物理意义,且含林冠和降雨参数较少的截留模型。 相似文献
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对园林绿化树种林冠截留降水作用进行研究,探讨不同绿化树种的林冠对降雨分配的影响,可以为进一步研究城市植被对海绵城市的贡献提供基础数据。通过对白蜡、枇杷和女贞人工林天然降雨条件下穿透降雨和树干径流等数据的统计分析,了解3个树种之间林冠截留降水差异。结果表明:白蜡、枇杷和女贞3个树种的林冠截留和树干径流过程都与林外降雨呈正相关,随着林外降雨强度的变化而变化。进一步证明了通过树干径流效果选择树种的可行性和重要性,为以后树干径流相关科研工作的开展提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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基于修正的Gash模型模拟缙云山毛竹林降雨截留 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了验证修正的Gash模型对缙云山毛竹林林冠截留模拟的适用性,基于2009年4—7月的气象和林分特征资料以及实测的穿透雨和树干茎流等资料,分析缙云山毛竹林林外降雨、穿透雨和树干茎流特征,并应用修正的Gash模型对林冠截留量进行模拟,对比分析周降雨累计截留量和单次降雨截留量的模拟值和实测值,采用敏感性分析法分析模型参数对截留量的影响程度。结果表明:研究期间共29次降雨,总降雨量为531.1mm,平均降雨强度为2.11mm·h-1,大部分为低雨强、低雨量级、长历时的降雨;穿透雨量、茎流量和林冠截留量的实测值分别为463.2,6.5和61.4mm,模拟值分别为461.1,6.1和63.9mm,模拟的截留量约高出实测值4.07%,模型计算的周累积截留量和单次降雨截留量与实测值相比的相对标准差分别为5.02%和7.13%,模拟效果较好,模型适用于缙云山毛竹林;以林冠郁闭度(c)对模拟结果影响最大,其次为平均降雨强度()、林冠持水能力(S)和林冠平均蒸发速率(),树干茎流系数(Pt)和树干持水能力(St)这2个参数对林冠截留总量影响很小。 相似文献
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本文用统计分析方法对江西分宜县山下林场杉木、马尾松人工林的林内降雨、林冠截留和树干茎流进行了研究。结果表明:在该林分中林内降雨量和树干茎流量随降雨量的增加而以直线形式增加;林冠截留量随降雨量的增加呈幂函数关系上升。在杉木林内,随郁闭度的增大,林内降雨率和树干茎流率减少,而林冠截留率增大,马尾松林和杉木林相比,林内降雨率和树干茎流率较大,而林冠截留率较小。 相似文献
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本文用统计分析方法对江西分宜县山下林场杉木、马尾松人工林的林内降雨、林冠截留和树干茎流进行了研究。结果表明:在该林分中林内降雨量和树干茎流量随降雨量的增加而以直线形式增加;林冠截留量随降雨量的增加呈幂函数关系上升。在杉木林内,随郁闭度的增大,林内降雨率和树干茎流率减少,而林冠截留率增大,马尾松林和杉木林相比,林内降雨率和树干茎流率较大,而林冠截留率较小。 相似文献
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毛竹林冠截留雨量的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
毛竹林冠枝叶密布,能有效地阻截降雨流失。截留量随降雨量的大小、降雨的性质、降雨形成的原因和不同坡向、坡位、林冠枝叶湿润状况等因子而异。研究这种规律,对于控制毛竹林冠截留量,调节林下土壤的水分状况,涵养水源,提供理论依据。 相似文献
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The process of rainfall interception by an inhomogeneous forest canopy composed of tree crowns with some gaps among them were
considered, and the previous theoretical models of rainfall interception were modified to model an inhomogeneous canopy instead
of a statistically homogeneous canopy. The paper deals with the following. First, the process of rainfall interception in
tree crowns and that of rainfall in the gaps among them are studied respectively to acquire the average rainfall interception
of a forest canopy. Based on the model derived by Liu (1987) and setting the canopy density value, both the relevant partial
equations and a formula to estimate rainfall interception were derived. Moreover, the new model was solved through a numerical
method and was illustrated with typical values of some ecological factors; three groups of curves were acquired by calculation
with the VisualBasic program. A model of rainfall interception by an inhomogeneous forest canopy is classified as a multi-layer
model, which is different from previous models (models where all the parameters represent the whole canopy). The results from
the model in this paper could be used to determine the relationship between interception and each ecological factor in detail.
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Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2007, 43(3): 8–14 [译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
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Predicted models for potential canopy rainfall interception capacity of landscape trees in Shanghai,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jiankang Guo Bingqin Yu Yuan Zhang Shengquan Che 《European Journal of Forest Research》2017,136(3):387-400
This study aimed to build urban green space with environmental functions (e.g., canopy interception of rainfall) and adjust hydrographic balance to some extent for forecasting the potential canopy rainfall interception capacity of landscape trees and the effects on rainfall distribution. The effects of urban green space on interception and runoff reduction have been conceptualized, but not quantified. Therefore, the leaf area index and the water storage abilities of 17 kinds of landscape trees in common use were measured, at Shanghai, and canopy rainfall interception capacity was calculated using the interception formula. The predicted rainfall interception capacity models were established choosing tree morphological characteristics (diameter at the breast height, height, and crown width) as variables. The model test showed that the errors of 12 models were less than 5% between the predicted and the measured data and the errors of four models were within 5 and 10%, with the error for only one model being between 10 and 11%. Also, the study indicated that conifer trees were able to hold more rainfall compared with broad-leaved trees per unit area (k). The results showed that these models could effectively predict the potential capacity of canopy rainfall interception for landscape trees in Shanghai area and were beneficial for species selection in constructing plant communities, aiming to improve the rainfall interception capacity of urban green space. 相似文献
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Zebin Liu Yanhui Wang Ao Tian Yu Liu Ashley A. Webb Yarui Wang Haijun Zuo Pengtao Yu Wei Xiong Lihong Xu 《林业研究》2018,29(1):187-198
Canopy interception is a significant proportion of incident rainfall and evapotranspiration of forest ecosystems. Hence, identifying its magnitude is vital for studies of eco-hydrological processes and hydrological impact evaluation. In this study, throughfall, stemflow and interception were measured in a pure Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.(larch) plantation in the Liupan Mountains of northwestern China during the growing season(May–October) of 2015, and simulated using a revised Gash model. During the study period, the total precipitation was499.0 mm; corresponding total throughfall, stemflow and canopy interception were 410.3, 2.0 and 86.7 mm,accounting for 82.2, 0.4 and 17.4% of the total precipitation, respectively. With increasing rainfall, the canopy interception ratio of individual rainfall events decreased initially and then tended to stabilize. Within the study period, the simulated total canopy interception, throughfall and stemflow were 2.2 mm lower, 2.5 mm higher and0.3 mm lower than their measured values, with a relative error of 2.5, 0.6 and 15.0%, respectively. As quantified by the model, canopy interception loss(79%) mainly consisted of interception caused by canopy adsorption, while the proportions of additional interception and trunk interception were small. The revised Gash model was highly sensitive to the parameter of canopy storage capacity,followed by the parameters of canopy density and mean rainfall intensity, but less sensitive to the parameters of mean evaporation rate, trunk storage capacity, and stemflow ratio. The revised Gash model satisfactorily simulated the total canopy interception of the larch plantation within the growing season but was less accurate for some individual rainfall events, indicating that some flaws exist in the model structure. Further measures to improve the model's ability in simulating the interception of individual rainfall events were suggested. 相似文献
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YU Pengtao XU Deying WANG YanhuiResearch Institute of Forest Ecology. Environment Protection. Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing. China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2002,(3)
The canopy rainfall interception modei linked to environmental conditions and biological features is established on the basis of stationary observation and measurements in China. Upscaling from site observation to regional Ievel estimation of canopy rainfall interception has been made. The potential interception value of forests during the rainfall season in China according to rainfall records of May, July and September in the year 1982, has been simulated and mapped under the GIS software package Idrisi. It coincides well with the spatial and chronological pattern of rainfall in China and can be concluded to reflect the reality. The potential canopy rainfall interception of forests in China based on the potential distribution of forests provides a basis to regional water budget as well as rational use of regional water resources. It is also important to the assessment of forest ecosystem service in China, which is demanded by both scientists and policy makers for the evaluation of afforestation and nat 相似文献
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Several previous studies in Japan have examined differences in rainfall interception amounts induced by differences in forest properties by comparing the annual rainfall interception ratios (annual rainfall interception divided by annual rainfall) from various sites without considering variations in meteorological conditions between sites. Rainfall interception actually depends on meteorological conditions as well as forest properties. This study examined variations in the annual interception ratio relating to the variation in annual rainfall, which would be the primary factor relating to the interception ratio, across Japan with the use of a rainfall interception model assuming the same forest properties (i.e., the canopy storage capacity, canopy closure, leaf area index (LAI), and the bulk coefficient for sensible heat transfer). The ratio ranged between 0.12 and 0.24 across Japan and was highly correlated to annual rainfall. This indicates that considering the variation in annual rainfall is critical for assessing the difference in rainfall interception amounts induced by forest properties. We reconsidered the results of previous studies in Japan that compared annual interception ratios between sites with different forest properties: (i) there is no clear difference in interception amounts between broadleaf and coniferous forests and (ii) there is a positive correlation in stem density and interception amounts for coniferous forests. These results still held when considering differences in annual rainfall between sites. 相似文献