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高保护价值森林概念及应用进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
简要介绍了高保护价值森林概念形成的背景、高保护价值森林的定义、高保护价值森林的特点、高保护价值森林工具包,对高保护价值森林概念的应用领域、国内外高保护价值森林概念的应用状况进行了分析。 相似文献
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国外高保护价值森林判定的进展与启示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
高保护价值森林的概念是由国际组织——森林管理委员会(FSC)提出的.FSC在其制定的森林可持续经营认证标准中首先定义了6种高保护价值.高保护价值森林是指具有一种或多种高保护价值的森林区域.高保护价值森林判定的核心在于高保护价值的识别.文中综述了近年来一些国家在高保护价值森林判定领域的进展, 评价和论述了部分国家在开展高保护价值森林判定方面的有益经验和存在的主要问题, 提出了我国开展高保护价值森林判定工作的一些启示. 相似文献
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论述了高保护价值森林产生的背景、高保护价值森林的认证目的及其高保护价值森林的内涵;阐述了高保护价值森林的经营措施。 相似文献
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高保护价值森林的定义与内涵 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
介绍了高保护价值森林的定义和内涵。高保护价值森林包含6种高保护价值, 涵盖了生物多样性价值、生态服务价值和社会与文化价值3个方面。确定了高保护价值后, 森林经营者可制定规划和实施经营活动, 以维持或提高识别出的高保护价值, 并对以上经营活动进行监测。高保护价值森林作为森林认证的原则之一可以大大促进森林可持续经营。同时, 高保护价值森林的概念对于我国的森林分类经营、森林生态效益补偿以及自然保护区建设具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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简要介绍了黑龙江省方正林业局高保护价值森林的特征及分布地域,其中包括松花江沿岸高保护价值森林、自然保护区高保护价值森林、母树林和风景林等高保护价值森林。 相似文献
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随着森林认证工作在我国的陆续开展,高保护价值森林越来越受到人们的重视。高保护价值森林是可持续经营的重要内容,应对其进行合理的保护与科学的经营。在综述高保护价值森林的内涵的基础上,分别阐述了6种类型高保护价值森林的判定标准以及部分可评定区域。根据高保护价值森林的实际情况,从规划、国家政策、地方法规、科技支撑等宏观层面提出了保护建议。分析了6种类型高保护价值森林存在的经营管护问题,并提出相应的经营管理建议,为高保护价值森林经营提供参考。 相似文献
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从高保护价值森林概念的内涵出发,以陕西高保护价值森林试点判定为基础,阐述了高保护价值森林判定的工作流程、依据和方法,按照构建"森林生态安全"体系的要求,提出了高保护价值森林保护与经营的建议,同时总结了高保护价值森林判定中应注意的几个重要环节。 相似文献
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森林管理委员会（FSC）于1999年提出了高保护价值森林的概念,并用于森林认证．以浙江省淳安县新安江开发总公司森林认证为例,依据高保护价值的判定原则,从生物多样性价值、生态服务价值和社会与文化价值等方面评估了千岛湖森林的高保护价值,提出保护生态公益林、珍稀动植物和水体,设立并保护缓冲区,重视对森林的抚育,定期进行动态监测和分析等对高保护价值森林的保护措施． 相似文献
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Alaa A. Bashandy Alaa E. El-Habashi Ahmed K. Dewedar 《Wood material science & engineering》2018,13(4):241-253
This research aims to study the feasibility of repair and strengthening of timber cantilever beams used in historic buildings. It is conducted to investigate the feasibility of using different valid materials and techniques to repair and strengthen timber cantilever beams in new and historic timber buildings. The study is performed in terms of structural performance as well as historic and architectural values. An experimental program of several different materials and techniques is executed. The results are driven in terms of initial cracking load, crack propagation for the tested samples at different loading stages, deflection values, and failure load for each repaired or strengthened material and technique. The main variables are timber types (new and historic), repair and strengthening materials (steel plates, Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer wrap, and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer laminates), repair or strengthening techniques (near surface mounted and externally bonded system), and cantilever length (1000 and 1250?mm). Test results indicated that using steel plates, glass fiber wrap, and carbon fiber laminates increases the value of failure loads and decreases the deflection at both; repaired and strengthened timber cantilever beams compared to control beams. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):218-224
Survival, root egress and height growth of 13-month-old actively growing Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.) container seedlings exposed to preplanting drying treatments (0, 4, and 8 days) and postplanting drought periods (1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks) were studied in the field between 5 July and 18 August 1999. The mortality of seedlings increased and the height growth and root egress decreased throughout the postplanting drought period. Postplanting performance was also affected by preplanting drying treatments. The results indicate that no risk of excessive mortality and growth restrictions occurs when actively growing seedlings are planted in summer, provided that seedlings are well watered before planting and the drought period does not exceed 3 weeks. 相似文献
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Guolei Li Yong Liu Lvyi Ma Ruiheng Lv Haiqun Yu Shulan Bai Yaoyao Kang 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(3):283-290
Direct seeding is a less expensive practice than planting and has the potential to become a viable alternative to transplanting
for afforestation and regeneration purposes. As an effective and a less costly regeneration method, aerial seeding has been
applied with several tree species. As early as 1956, Chinese people engaged in aerial seeding and stands with a total of 2.97×107 hm2 have been developed up to 2004. Our study tested whether the growth of planted Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) seedlings and its undergrowth development in northwest aspects differ from that of aerially sown seedlings on the
northern and northwestern aspects of slopes. In 2007, we collected data such as height, diameter at breast height (DBH), clear
bole height and canopy widths of trees, abundance, coverage, and frequency of shrubs and herbs from 21-year-old planted Chinese
pine stands on a northwestern aspect (PNW), aerially sown stands in a northwest aspect (ANW) and aerially sown stands in a
northern aspect (AN). Results showed that the relation of crown area and mean DBH was best fitted by a double inverse model
for the ANW and AN forests and by a quadratic model for the PNW forest. There was no difference in the growth between ANW
and AN forests, while growth was significantly higher in the PNW forest than in the ANW and AN forests. That was consistent
with the Sorenson diversity indices in the shrub and herb layers, indicating that there was a large number of the same species
in both aerially seeded stands, although their locations were different. Both the number of species in the undergrowth and
the Shannon-Wiener index in the shrub layer were higher in the PNW stands than in the ANW and AN stands. Dominant families
for all three stands were Rosaceae and Compositae in the shrub and herb layer, respectively. The dominant species for all
three stands was Spiraea pubescens in the shrub layer, while the dominant species was different from each other in the three stands. The discrepancy in diversity
and composition of species in the herb layer show that herbs are sensitive to shrubs in the three forests. High mortality
and skewed diameter distributions reflect severe competition and too high a density in the aerially seeded forests. Thus,
aerial seeding is a viable and effective regeneration technique, but management practices, such as thinning, should be applied
to these forests. 相似文献
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IntroductionMaskedciVet(Paguma18vata),Mammalia,Viverridae,ismainlydiStributedinShanxi,Sichuan,Tibet,Yunnanprovinces,etc..Itsmeatisdeliciousandhasspecialflavor.Itiseasytoberaisedartificially,withhighproduCtivity.Nutria(MyocasterCOypus),Rodentia,Capromyidae,originatedinArgentina,Chili,etc.insouthAmerica.Itisakindofherbivoresfur-bearer.itsartificialraisinghassuchmeritsasdurablefurandlowcostandhighproduCtivity.MaskedcivetandnutriahavehigheconomicvalueandwideprospeCtofutilization.Atpresen… 相似文献
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Muhamed Adem Adefires Worku Mulugeta Lemenih Wubalem Tadesse Jürgen Pretzsch 《林业研究》2014,25(2):319-328
South Omo Administrative Zone in Ethiopia is home to 18 indigenous ethnic groups whose livelihood is vulnerable due to recurrent drought and degradation. Despite the preliminary observation showing the rich dry-forest resource base that, if sustainably managed could enhance livelihoods and biodiversity conservation, there is lack of empirical data on its current status. We conducted a study aiming at quantifying the population status of gum- and resin-bearing species in two randomly selected districts, Hamer and Bena-Tsemay. Seventy-five quadrats(35 at Hamer and 40 at Bena-Tsemay) each measuring 400 m2 were established along line transects to assess species diversity and equitability, density, frequency, dominance, importance value and population structure. We recorded a total of 27 woody species of 12 families and 14 genera. Fifteen species(9 at Hamer and 14 at Bena-Tsemay) of the genera Acacia, Boswellia, Commiphora and Sterculia, were identified as either major sources of commercial gums and resins or their adulterants. Gum- and resin-bearing species comprised 56% and 57% of species richness, 48% and 50% of total density per ha, 95% and 98% of basal area, and 64% and 56% of importance values at Hamer and Bena-Tsemay, respectively. Diversity of the entire woody species assemblage and of the gum- and resin-bearing species was slightly higher at Bena-Tsemay(H= 2.61, 1.4) than at Hamer(H′= 2.48, 1.28), respectively. The diversity and abundance of the resource base suggest potential for development of value-added commercialization of gum and resins to enhance livelihoods and encourage sustainable management of the forest at these study areas. We recorded, however, declining natural regeneration of most gum- and resin-bearing species, and this calls for integrated and participatory species management and landscape rehabilitation. 相似文献
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《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(1):67-79
Abstract Two communities, Ixtlan and Chalchijapa, located in the Mexican state of Oaxaca, are compared based on their utilization of local forests. The long-settled community of Ixtlan, with its pine-oak forests, is compared to the recently established village of Chalchijapa which is located in rain forest on the edge of the Chimalapas nature reserve. Constraints such as forest type and management, land ownership and tenure, and current and future plans for timber extraction and utilization are examined, as are methods of wood processing and milling. The degree and type of wood utilization carried out by these two timber-dependent communities is greatly reflective of the local forest type and social structure. 相似文献
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This paper summarises the results from 35 years-observed thinning experiments on 256 permanent sample plots in 10–60 year-old
stands of ash, aspen, birch, oak, pine and spruce in Lithuania. Thinning enhanced crown projection area increment of residual
trees. The largest effect was observed in stands of aspen and birch (growth increase by 200%), followed by ash and oak (over
100%), and spruce and pine (about 80%). Thinning also promoted dbh increment, especially in younger stands, and the increase
of dbh increment was positively correlated with the thinning intensity. The strongest reaction was exhibited by oak and aspen,
while ash, birch and conifers reacted to a lower extent. Low and moderate intensities of thinning stimulated volume production
in younger stands while the opposite was observed in older stands with increasing removals. Spruce stands exhibited relatively
strongest increase of volume increment and pine, –the weakest, while the effect on deciduous species was intermediate. The
results demonstrate that significant increase in volume increment is achievable with thinning of only young forest stands,
e.g. 10–20 year-old pine, birch and ash, or 10–30 year-old oak, aspen and spruce. 相似文献
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气候变化的影响多被认为是负面的,甚至是毁灭性的,然而对林业生产也存在着正面作用。文中借助3个例子来说明降雨量和气温的变化可能对林木生长潜势的影响,以及在气候变化和发展森林资源中如何予以善用。气温升高和降雨量增加,在一定范围内能够提高森林生态系统的林木生长量,特别在生长明显受温湿度约束的温带、寒温带、高海拔、干旱和半干旱地区;改变各地区引种树木的种植分布,扩大生长快、效益好树木的种植范围;改变树木受温湿度所制约的边缘分布区,使其逐步变成适生区或种植区。可以利用现有气候、生物地理、引种、遗传改良等知识,结合进一步的系统试验研究,在林业实践中把气候变化变成机遇,提高森林生态系统的生产力。 相似文献