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1.
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2.
A 21-year-old Quarter Horse mare presented for a mass of the right nictitating membrane. The entire right nictitating membrane was surgically removed and diagnosed as a mixed cell lymphosarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The horse had no systemic signs of lymphosarcoma. Approximately 1.5 years later, the horse presented with a similar mass in the left nictitating membrane. The entire left nictitating membrane was surgically removed and diagnosed as a mixed cell lymphosarcoma. In this case, complete surgical removal of the masses resulted in a cure. The horse has remained free of systemic lymphosarcoma for over 3 years.

Case report

A 21-year-old gray Quarter Horse mare was presented to the Kansas State University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for evaluation of a mass involving the right nictitating membrane. The mass was first noticed 5 weeks before presentation and had been treated by the referring veterinarian with a topical steroid solution twice daily. Administration of the topical steroid caused some decrease in the swelling, but it quickly returned once medication was discontinued. The horse had no other medical complaints and appeared to be otherwise healthy. On ocular examination, chemosis of the third eyelid and conjunctiva of the right eye was evident. Direct and indirect pupillary light reflexes, Schirmer tear test, and intraocular pressures were normal in both eyes. Fluorescein stain uptake was negative in both corneas. Cranial nerve and vision examinations did not reveal any abnormalities. On further examination of the right nictitating membrane, a firm mass was palpated under and protruding from the palpebral conjunctiva (Fig 1). No other abnormalities were found on physical examination.  相似文献   

3.
This report describes the unusual diagnosis of a retrobulbar syncytial meningioma in a 16‐year‐old Thoroughbred gelding. The horse initially presented with unilateral left sided exophthalmos and apparent blindness characterised by unilaterally absent menace and pupillary light responses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a well‐defined soft tissue mass intimately associated with the optic nerve. Based on the characteristic MRI appearance, a meningioma was suspected. The eye was enucleated under general anaesthesia and partial excision of the mass was achieved. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis and the horse underwent a course of adjuvant radiotherapy. Twelve months following surgery the horse is back in work, no neurological abnormalities have been detected and follow‐up computed tomographic imaging of the skull has revealed mild bone sclerosis with no remnants of the mass identified.  相似文献   

4.
A 12-year-old Belgian draft horse presented for a right eye third eyelid mass and red-tinged ocular discharge of 3 months' duration. The third eyelid was excised and submitted for histopathology. On histopathologic examination, the mass was composed of both hemangiosarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The horse developed thickened eyelids and hemorrhagic ocular discharge from the right eye approximately 16 months following surgery, and was euthanized. Necropsy and histopathology confirmed local recurrence and regional metastasis of the hemangiosarcoma. This was an unusual case because there were two distinct neoplastic processes composing the same mass that could not be differentiated grossly.  相似文献   

5.
A 14‐year‐old Arabian gelding presented for evaluation of macroscopic haematuria. Routine cystoscopy was performed under standing sedation during which the horse collapsed with apparent seizure activity. General anaesthesia was induced and the horse recovered neurologically normal. Four days later, during a perineal urethrotomy procedure, the horse experienced a similar collapse with seizure‐like activity. General anaesthesia was again induced and cystoscopy performed through the urethrotomy incision. A ventral bladder mass was visualised and sampled. Cytology confirmed a neoplastic process and the horse was subjected to euthanasia. Histopathology confirmed transitional cell carcinoma. Air embolism was the suspected cause of loss of consciousness and seizure activity in both instances.  相似文献   

6.
A Russian jumper horse presented because of an ocular perilimbal conjunctival mass and, on clinical examination, two bilateral conjunctival masses were found, of different size and conformation. Attempts at complete excision of the left eye mass and excisional biopsy of the right eye mass were performed. The left eye mass recurred rapidly, but resolved completely after topical corticosteroid therapy. The two lesions had similar histopathologic features, characterized by focal, chronic, primarily lymphocytic conjunctivitis with follicular lymphoid hyperplasia. Special histopathologic staining techniques (Gomori methenamine silver and acid fast stains) and immunohistochemistry (for CD3, BLA36 and lysozyme) failed to reveal any etiologic agents and indicated an inflammatory lesion composed of a heterogeneous population of lymphocytes and macrophages (nodular lymphocytic conjunctivitis). The lesions were indistinguishable, clinically and behaviorally, from what has been reported as 'conjunctival pseudotumor' in the horse. Equine conjunctival pseudotumor/nodular lymphocytic conjunctivitis has been reported to be unilateral and have a good prognosis after partial or complete surgical excision. This is the first reported case of bilateral nodular lymphocytic conjunctivitis in a horse and for which surgical excision alone was not curative.  相似文献   

7.
In this report, we describe an investigation into the cause of chronic inflammation in a clinically normal 5-year-old racing Thoroughbred, finally confirmed to be associated with B-cell lymphoma. Over a 14-week period, the horse was regularly evaluated by sequential blood testing, revealing persistent inflammation of unknown origin, unresponsive to treatment. Eventually, an abdominal mass was identified by transabdominal ultrasound and rectal palpation. Surgical exploration revealed an extensive, invasive soft tissue mass in the abdomen. At post-mortem examination, a mass involving the colon, mesocolon and mesocolonic lymph node was sampled and confirmed as a large B-cell lymphoma by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In cases of unexplained chronic inflammation in a horse, neoplasia should be considered as a possible aetiology.  相似文献   

8.
Objective— To describe laparoscopic removal of a large testicular teratoma in a standing horse.
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— Thoroughbred horse (11 months) with a testicular teratoma.
Methods— A unilateral cryptorchid testicle could not be removed by an inguinal approach under general anesthesia because of it s large size. After recovery from general anesthesia, ultrasound evaluation revealed a 24 × 19 cm fluid-filled testicular mass. The mass was removed by paralumbar fossa laparoscopy with the horse in a standing position. After fluid aspiration of the mass, the mesorchium and ductus deferens were ligated with extracorporeal knots and the mass retrieved inside a laparoscopic specimen pouch. Morphologic features were consistent with a teratoma.
Results— Laparoscopic-guided aspiration of fluid from the teratoma decreased mass size and increased ease of manipulation and retrieval. Retrieval of the teratoma in a laparoscopic specimen pouch prevented loss of abdominal insufflation, helped reduce fluid leakage, and potential seeding of neoplastic cells.
Conclusion— Use of laparoscopy for removal of neoplastic cryptorchid testicles offers many advantages including minimal invasiveness and increased safety associated with good visibility of structures.
Clinical Relevance— Standing laparoscopic surgery should be considered for removal of testicular neoplasms in horses.  相似文献   

9.
A 13-year-old Morgan gelding was examined for right forelimb lameness and tenosynovitis of the right common carpal sheath of the digital flexor tendons. The horse had moderate right forelimb lameness at the trot and marked effusion of the right common carpal sheath of the digital flexor tendons. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a soft tissue mass within the proximal pouch of the affected tendon sheath, located adjacent to the distal physis of the radius. Cytology and culture of the fluid revealed a sterile, eosinophilic tenosynovitis. Tenoscopic exploration confirmed the presence of a capsulated soft tissue mass. Thecotomy was required to fully debride the mass, which histology revealed to be a mast cell tumour. At 22 months postoperatively, the horse developed mild right forelimb lameness and eosinophilic tenosynovitis because of recurrence of the mastocytoma. Mastocytosis is a possible differential diagnosis in any horse exhibiting lameness associated with tenosynovitis. Surgical excision combined with rest and postoperative intrasynovial and systemic corticosteroids may be palliative.  相似文献   

10.
Two cases of ethmoid hematoma of the equine are reported. Clinically both horses had intermittent unilateral epistaxis unassociated with exercise. In one horse, diagnosis was based on the use of an endoscope for visualization and for biopsy of a mass associated with the ethmoid turbinates. In the other horse, exploratory trephination of the posterior maxillary sinus was necessary to obtain a diagnostic biopsy specimen. Radiography was helpful in the diagnosis of one case. Surgical removal of the mass was attempted in one case. Histological examination of the biopsies was the single most definitive diagnostic technique in both cases.  相似文献   

11.
A 14-year-old quarter horse mare had a 2-year history of infertility and the presence of a mass in the right uterine horn. Prior to surgery, the mass was determined to be invasive by using ultrasonography and hysteroscopy. A partial ovariohysterectomy was performed. The mass was diagnosed histologically as a uterine leiomyoma.  相似文献   

12.
Sarcomas arising in the equine species are rare tumours, and treatment is generally surgical. Radiotherapy has been used in the management of malignancies of large animals; however, conventional external radiotherapy delivery is difficult. Interstitial brachytherapy has been used in the management of human sarcomas with reasonable success, although equine experience is minimal. We report a case of equine haemangiosarcoma treated with brachytherapy demonstrating the feasibility of the procedure and the highly malignant natural history of haemangiosarcoma. An 8‐year‐old American Saddlebred gelding presented for evaluation of a soft tissue mass on the forehead which had been present for at least 6 months. Initial surgical attempts at management were unsuccessful; therefore a radiation oncologist specialising in brachytherapy was consulted. The radiation oncologist and veterinary surgeon performed an interstitial implant of the tumour mass on the rostrum of the horse under general anaesthesia. The procedure was well tolerated by the horse. The tumour demonstrated immediate response and was noted to have completely regressed within 6 weeks of the implant removal. Unfortunately, the horse developed widespread metastatic disease and required euthanasia. At the time of necropsy, no visible tumour was identified at the implant site. Interstitial brachytherapy is feasible in soft tissue sarcomas of the horse; however, supportive demands are great with this procedure and we recommend it only be done at large speciality centres.  相似文献   

13.
Cervical Intervertebral Disk Protrusion in a Horse   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
A Hansen type ll intervertebral disk protrusion was diagnosed in an 18-year-old horse with signs of progressive ataxia and paresis. A soft tissue mass dorsal to the C6-C7 intervertebral disk space was identified at myelogram and found to be an intervertebral disk protrusion with enlarged dorsal annulus fibrosis at surgery. Surgical decompression was achieved using a ventral approach to the caudal cervical vertebrae, an approach limited in its application by the vertebral venous sinuses. Neurological signs remained unchanged for 3 days and then deteriorated. The horse was euthanized.  相似文献   

14.
A space-occupying intracranial mass was diagnosed in a horse. The clinical findings included blindness, circling to the right, apprehension, anorexia, weight loss, and leaning against the stall. On ophthalmoscopic examination, the most striking observation was complete bilateral devascularization of the retinas. The horse was euthanatized and necropsied. Necroscopy revealed the mass to occupy the olfactory and frontal areas of the left hemisphere of the brain and part of the left frontal sinus. Microscopically, the mass was an adenocarcinoma and probably arose from the lining epithelium of the sinus or from the subepithelial glands.  相似文献   

15.
Lymphoma is a relatively uncommon neoplasm in the horse; however, it is considered the most common neoplasia of the equine haemolymphatic system. Limited reports of adnexal lymphoma have been documented in the literature, with no known reports of recurrence nearly a decade after mass excision. The objective is to describe a case of recurrent adnexal lymphoma in a 20-year-old Quarter Horse gelding presented to the Ophthalmology service at the University of Florida Veterinary Hospital (UFVH) for evaluation of a solitary subconjunctival mass of the right eye (OD). A focal, pink, fleshy mass associated with the dorsomedial bulbar conjunctiva was noted. An excisional biopsy was performed. Histopathology revealed lymphoma with clean margins. The client declined staging and further therapy at the initial visit. Approximately 8 years later, the horse began to exhibit intermittent mild to moderate diffuse swelling of the conjunctiva OD. Six months after onset, the swelling worsened acutely and was accompanied by severe swelling of the left conjunctiva (OS). The horse then returned to UFVH and was diagnosed with diffuse, bilateral conjunctival lymphoma. Humane euthanasia was elected. T cell lymphoma was confirmed with immunohistochemistry performed post-mortem. At necropsy, neoplastic tissue was observed throughout the adnexal and ocular tissues of both eyes and in the submandibular lymph nodes. Adnexal lymphoma is an uncommon neoplasm in the horse. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first documentation of a nodular adnexal lymphoma that involved an 8-year period without recurrence followed by development of diffuse, bilateral disease. Typically, surgical excision of the nodular form of lymphoma involving the extraocular tissues yields an improved prognosis compared with the diffuse form of the disease. Further investigation is necessary to determine if nodular forms of adnexal lymphoma represent early stages of diffuse extraocular or systemic disease.  相似文献   

16.
A 13-year-old mare presented for evaluation of recurrent colic episodes. The horse was diagnosed with a mass within the spleen at the ultrasound examination of the abdomen; the levels of Serum Amyloid A and the fibrinogen were high and so a presumptive diagnosis of an abscess involving the spleen was made base on clinical, ultrasonographic and laboratory findings and it was decided to perform n exploratory laparotomy for a definitive diagnosis and possible treatment. Upon abdominal exploration a mass involving the spleen, the lateral wall of the ventral colon adherent to the left abdominal wall was diagnosed and with an intraoperative ultrasound examination a linear hyperechoic foreign body was diagnosed within the mass. It was removed through an enterotomy of the left ventral colon that allowed the digital exploration of the mass without spilling of pus within the peritoneal cavity. The horse was discharged and the long term follow-up revealed no complications and no more signs of abdominal pain.  相似文献   

17.
A 20-year-old gelding Lipizzaner horse was referred for onset of profuse sweating and increased heat on the right side of the head, neck, and thoracic limb. On physical examination, the horse presented tachycardia, muffled heart sounds with a pansystolic murmur, and signs of heart failure such as ventral edema, jugular distention, and pulsation. Ultrasonography examination revealed a bilateral pleural effusion and a large intrathoracic mass extending into the anterior mediastinum, which shifted the heart dorsocaudally. Thoracocentesis revealed serosanguineous fluid indicative of a melanocytic tumor. Thoracoscopy revealed a large dark mass extending into and filling the cranioventral mediastinum. The mass appearance was consistent with a melanoma, and because prognosis was poor, the owner elected euthanasia. A necropsy supported the presence of disseminated melanomas with a greater thoracic mass involving the right cervicothoracic ganglion, leading to clinical signs of sympathetic denervation.  相似文献   

18.
A 14-year-old bay Thoroughbred gelding was presented for evaluation of a mass at the base of the tail. The mass had been present for 1 year, and recently had begun to increase in size. Additional masses were found around the eye and shoulder. A fine-needle aspirate of the tail-base mass revealed highly anaplastic round to polyhedral cells containing dark green to black cytoplasmic granules interpreted to be melanin. Histologically, the mass was composed of pleomorphic, poorly pigmented, round to polyhedral cells interpreted to be neoplastic melanocytes. With immunohistochemistry, the cells were positive for vimentin and S-100, but negative for pancytokeratin and Melan-A. The cytologic and histopathologic diagnoses were amelanotic melanoma. The horse was treated with cimetidine, but the tumor continued to progress. In this report, we describe the cytopathologic features of an aggressive amelanotic melanoma in a non-grey horse and emphasize the unique correlation between cytologic and histologic findings.  相似文献   

19.
This case report describes the investigation and treatment of an adult horse with purulent, malodorous exudate originating from a large intermandibular mass. Microbial culture of fluid aspirated from a draining tract yielded Peptostreptococcus and Prevotella species which are usually considered to originate from the oral cavity. Computed tomography (CT) was used to aid in the diagnosis and to allow careful presurgical planning, and the horse underwent successful debridement of the abscess cavity under general anaesthesia. Post-operatively, the horse developed trismus (reduced opening of the jaws) but repeat CT identified that the surgery site was healing appropriately. It was recommended to continue feeding the horse hay to act as physiotherapy and the masticatory action of the horse subsequently returned to normal.  相似文献   

20.
Standard data for the horse which can be used in physiologically based mathematical computer modelling are presented. The data includes figures for tissue mass, density and perfusion, obtained by measurement mainly from horses weighing 200 to 300 kg. Other related parameters such as mean transit times and tissue blood volume have been calculated and included in the actual values listed for a 250 kg horse.  相似文献   

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