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1.
本试验以绵羊作为研究对象，通过常规养分测定、消化试验和瘤胃降解试验(尼龙袋法)，对生物纤维饲料的常规养分、饲用价值、瘤胃降解特性进行了探讨。结果表明：生物纤维饲料中干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、无氮浸出物、钙和磷的含量分别为：65．61％、21．97％、1．88％、3．00％、7．79％、30．97％、0．85%和1．13％；绵羊对生物纤维饲料的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰份、无氮浸出物和能量的消化率分别为74．71％、84．81％、72．24%、72．68％、45．41％、77．52％、77．76％；同时测得生物纤维饲料原样中的消化能为10 100kJ／kg；生物纤维饲料干物质的有效降解率为61．75%，而蛋白质的有效降解率为73．73％。 相似文献
2.
不同处理芭蕉芋渣对猪饲用价值研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》2015,36(8):52-52
对芭蕉芋渣进行了氨化和发酵处理,评价了不同处理芭蕉芋渣作为猪饲料的饲用价值。结果表明：氨化处理提高了芭蕉芋渣总氮含量,粗纤维由22-32％下降为13．71％;发酵处理芭蕉芋渣粗蛋白含量由2．91％增加至15．36％,粗纤维含量由22．32％下降为11．53％。育肥猪对芭蕉芋渣的消化率很低,干物质的消化率为11．27％,粗蛋白消化率为30．23％,粗纤维消化率仅为6．09％;氨化处理芭蕉芋渣干物质消化率提高11．45％,粗纤维消化率提高12．48％;发酵处理芭蕉芋渣干物质消化率提高5．99倍,蛋白质消化率提高2．61倍,粗纤维消化率提高6．72倍。 相似文献
3.
日粮纤维水平对猪营养物质表观消化率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了测定日粮不同纤维水平和品种对猪营养成分表观消化率的影响,试验选用8头4月龄猪,采用4×4拉丁方设计进行试验。4种试验日粮按等能等氮设计,日粮Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ粗纤维水平分别为3%、6%、9%和12%(干物质基础),4个品种分别为莱芜猪(100%)、大莱猪(50%)、大大莱猪(25%)、大约克猪(0%)。在本试验条件下,日粮纤维在较低的范围内(3%~6%)粗蛋白质(CP)消化率随粗纤维含量的增加而提高,赖氨酸、蛋氨酸表观消化率差异不显著,CP在粗纤维含量6%时,消化率最高达到86.90%。不同品种猪对干物质、Ca、P的消化率影响极显著(P＜0.01),但莱芜猪和大约克猪对干物质、CP消化率的影响差异不显著,莱芜猪对NDF的消化率为51.44%,大约克猪为43.51%,两者之间差异极显著(P＜0.01)。NDF和ADF的表观消化率随猪血统中莱芜猪血比例的降低而显著降低,NDF在小肠中已得到有效的分解,本试验结果证实莱芜黑猪具有耐粗饲的特性。不同品种猪对必需氨基酸(EAA)的表观消化率除赖氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸外影响均不显著。 相似文献
4.
The aim of the present study was to establish whether the inhibitory effect of fat feeding on fibre digestion has been underestimated due to the substitution of fat for corn starch. A high fat intake has been shown to lower total intestinal tract apparent digestibility of crude fibre in horses but, since fat was substituted for nonstructural carbohydrates, including starch, the specific effect of fat could not be ascertained. The possibility could not be excluded that starch also inhibits fibre digestibility, so that the fat effect observed earlier would have been underestimated. In this study, the intakes of iso-energetic amounts of soyabean oil, corn starch or glucose were compared as to fibre digestibility. Unlike starch, glucose is fully absorbed by the small intestine and, therefore, is not expected to influence fibre fermentation in the caecum and colon. Six trotters were fed rations high in soyabean oil (158 g/kg dry matter), corn starch (337 g/kg dry matter) or glucose (263 g/kg dry matter) according to a 3 x 3 Latin square design. Apparent crude fibre digestibility was similar for the rations with corn starch (mean +/- s.d., 70.7 +/- 3.06% of intake, n = 6) or glucose (71.0 +/- 1.90%), but was significantly depressed by fat feeding (56.5 +/- 7.65%). Similar observations were made for apparent digestibilities of neutral and acid detergent fibre and of cellulose. It was concluded that the addition of fat to the feed ration of horses has a specific inhibitory effect on fibre utilisation and, therefore, reduces the amount of energy provided by dietary fibre. 相似文献
5.
In experiments with colostomized broiler hens apparent digestibility of the crude nutrients of the ration after straw meal supplements of 20, 30 and 40 g per animal was determined. In addition, the 15N digestibility of straw meal and wheat was ascertained on the basis of straw meal supplements. The digestibility of the crude nutrients of the rations decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) after the straw meal supplement. The adaptation of the test animals to the straw meal intake resulted, at a daily consumption of 20 g straw meal, in an increase of the apparent crude fat digestibility (P less than 0.05) in dependence on the time of straw meal feeding, in which the original values without straw meal supplement were not reached. The digestibility of the 15N excess (15N') of the wheat was, at 86 +/- 1%, largely independent of the straw meal intake. The apparent digestibility of the straw-15N excess in broiler hens of 42 +/- 8 to 55 +/- 2% is surprisingly high. 相似文献
6.
The experimental ascertainment of the pure feed protein flowing into the duodenum on the basis of the calculation of the difference between the NH3-free crude protein flowing into the duodenum and the bacterial crude protein determined by means of DAPA showed the following results after the testing of 28 different rations at a dry matter intake adequate to the production level: With a variation of the pure protein in the crude protein content of the ration between 40 and 90%, the quota of feed protein flowing into the duodenum is 52.5%, and with a variation of the pure protein in the crude protein content between 80 and 90% it is 40.6%. The quota of feed protein flowing into the duodenum shows a negative correlation to the apparent digestibility of the organic matter (y=231.7 -2.52x +/- 14.5). With a DM-intake adequate to the production level the quota of feed protein flowing into the duodenum is neither influenced by the flow rate (kg digesta/kg DM-intake) nor by the 'dilution rate' (g bacteria-free DMD/kg live weight 0.75/h). 相似文献
7.
文章旨在探讨日粮添加不同水平的纤维素对猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和磷损失的影响。试验将平均初始体重为（48.68±0.29）kg的320头生长猪随机分为4组（T1～T4）,每组4个重复,每个重复20头。各组饲喂不同纤维素水平的无磷日粮,纤维素水平分别为0、30、60和90?g/kg,试验共开展21?d。结果：不同纤维日粮对猪末重、日增重、总磷和内源性磷排放量的影响均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。T3组平均日采食量较T1和T4组分别显著提高7.13%和7.23%（P＜0.05）,但T4组料重比较T2和T3组分别显著降低3.65%和4.95%（P＜0.05）。T1组粪磷排泄量分别较其他组显著提高229.41%、460%和460%（P＜0.05）。T3和T4组粪中干物质含量最高（P＜0.05）,T4组粪中有机物含量显著高于T1和T2组（P＜0.05）。T1组粪中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和钙含量均显著高于其他组（P＜0.05）。T1组总能、干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质及钙表观消化率均显著高于T3和T4组（P＜0.05）。结论：随着日粮纤维素水平的升高,能量、干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质和钙表观消化率降低,但日粮纤维素水平对内源性磷损失无负面影响。
[关键词]纤维水平|猪|生长性能|养分消化|磷代谢 相似文献
8.
为研究植物乳酸杆菌提取物对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及经济效益的影响,试验采用单因素随机设计,选择日龄、体重相近的杂交肉羊100只随机分成4组,每组25个重复,每个重复1只,1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加1.5%、2.0%、2.5%的植物乳酸杆菌提取物,预试验7 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:(1)试验3、4组平均日增重较1组比分别提高14.4%、13.9%(P<0.05),料重比较1组比分别降低22.1%、19.9%(P<0.05),试验2、3、4组的平均采食量均高于1组(P>0.05);(2)试验2、3、4组干物质、钙、磷的表观消化率均高于1组(P>0.05);试验3、4组粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率较1组比分别提高20.7%、18.2%、12.8%、11.5%、24.3%、22.4%(P<0.05);(3)试验3、4组的毛利润最高,较1组比分别提高12.2%、9.5%。综上所述,不同水平的植物乳酸杆菌提取物可以提高肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及经济效益,以2.0%添加为适宜。 相似文献
9.
This experiment was to study the effects of corn germ meal in different levels on use value of finishing pigs.120 health PIC piglets aged 45 days with similar body weight （17±2.1）kg were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 replicates for each group and 6 pigs for each replicates （male and female were the same in each replicate）.Control group was fed basic diet,group one to three were fed diets containing different amounts of corn germ meal （5%，10% and 15%） with the same concentration of the main nutrient items.The results showed that compared with the control group，feed conversion rate in group one was no significant difference （P＞0.05），feed conversion rate in group two had a significantly decreased （P＜0.05），feed conversion rate in group three was significantly increased （P＜0.05)，average daily feed intake in control group was significantly lower than that in other groups （P＜0.05），and there were no significant differences in daily feed intake among experimental groups （P＞0.05）.With the corn germ meal level increasing，the daily feed intake was increased slightly.Group one and group two had a tendency to reduce the serum urea nitrogen content，but group two had a significant difference （P＜0.05），the content of serum urea nitrogen in group three was increased significantly （P＜0.05），there were no significant differences in serum albumin，total protein and glucose levels among all groups （P＞0.05）. Compared with the control group，the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in group one had no significant differences （P＞0.05）.The apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in group two increased significantly （P＜0.05）,and the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in group three decreased significantly （P＜0.05）.There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of crude fat and crude ash compared with the control group （P＞0.05）.Theses results indicate that the best supplementation level of corn germ meal was 10%，the anti-nutritional factors of corn germ meal may be the cellulose. 相似文献
10.
本试验旨在评定初花期多花黑麦草在生长肉兔上的营养价值。试验选取60日龄平均体重(2.20±0.32)kg的健康新西兰兔24只,随机分为2组,每组12个重复,每个重复1只。试验饲粮采用套算法进行配制,多花黑麦草的替代比例为20%;试验采用全收粪法进行消化试验,预试期和正试期各7 d。结果表明:1)多花黑麦草中总能、干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、钙、总磷和无氮浸出物含量分别为16.78 MJ/kg、92.24%、10.20%、1.64%、26.09%、51.80%、31.35%、7.72%、0.66%、0.28%和46.59%;2)多花黑麦草在生长肉兔中的表观消化能为7.21 MJ/kg,生长肉兔对多花黑麦草中总能、干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、钙、总磷和无氮浸出物的表观消化率分别为33.45%、48.36%、44.18%、84.45%、25.91%、22.73%、22.25%、26.10%、62.87%、13.94%和61.42%。由结果可知:初花期多花黑麦草中粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量相对较高,总磷含量相对较低;生长肉兔对初花期多花黑麦草中不同营养成分的消化率存在一定差异,其中以粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、无氮浸出物的表观消化率较高,总磷的表观消化率较低。 相似文献
11.
The apparent digestibilities of macronutrients by babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) were measured. Three group-housed captive babirusa were fed a diet of pelleted feed, boiled potatoes, grains, vegetables, and fruits. To determine reproducibility of the results, two digestibility trials were conducted 5 wk apart. The apparent digestibilities for crude protein, crude fat, and nonstructural carbohydrates (nitrogen-free extract) were 71, 76, and 78% of intake, respectively. Average apparent digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were 62 and 19% of intake, respectively. Hemicellulose (neutral detergent fiber minus acid detergent fiber) digestibility was 75%. Cellulose digestibility on average was 19% of intake, i.e., identical to acid detergent fiber digestibility because the diet did not contain a detectable amount of acid detergent lignin. 相似文献
12.
13.
The digestibility of the crude nutrients of 6 rations on the basis of oat, hay and wheat straw (in one case a straw-concentrate mixture as sole feed) was compared at a nutrition level of 1.0 and 1.3 resp. with adult geldings of the species "Noble Crossbreed", adult pony geldings and wethers The energy concentration of the rations varied between 424 and 585 EFUcattle/kg DM, the crude fibre content between 17 and 25% of the DM. In the studied field, a good agreement between horse and pony could be ascertained as to the digestibility of the organic matter and NFE. There are partly considerable differences between the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fibre. The differences in the digestibility of crude fibre between horse and sheep increase with a growing crude fibre content. The differences of the apparent digestibility between horse and pony on the one hand and sheep on the other were highly significant in all cases. 相似文献
14.
Therese A. BonomaAmy C. Brogren Kevin H. Kline Kristine M. Doyle BS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2008
The effects of replacing corn and soybean meal with distiller's dried grains and solubles in the weanling horse diet were examined. Sixteen weanling horses, 12 fillies and four colts, were fed completely pelleted diets consisting of 50% alfalfa in addition to 50% of a concentrate containing either corn and soybean meal (CS), or 30% of the concentrate replaced with distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS). There were no significant differences (P > .05) between the two diets in either average daily gain or gain-to-feed ratio. The CS diet had a higher apparent dry matter digestibility (P < .0001), and higher apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P < .01). It was concluded that replacing a portion of the corn and soybean meal with distiller's dried grains with solubles in the weanling horse diet did not lead to significant growth depression. However, the diet containing DDGS had reduced apparent digestibility of dry matter, CP, and fiber. Therefore, it was concluded that it may not be advisable to replace more than 30% of the concentrate portion or 15% of the total diet with distiller's dried grains and solubles when alfalfa is used as the forage source constituting 50% of the weanling diet. Even less DDGS may be desirable to substitute for corn and soybean meal in weanling horse diets if the forage source is one with lower protein quality than alfalfa. It is possible that using DDGS for less than 30% of the concentrate portion of the diet along with high-quality alfalfa forage may produce comparable gain and feed efficiency results with less depression of apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and fiber. 相似文献
15.
热喷技术在秸秆饲料加工生产中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
热喷技术是继青贮、氨化后的又一项饲料加工处理新技术，目前已成为行之有效并应用于生产的饲料加工处理方法。经过热喷处理后秸秆饲料的粗蛋白含量提高了０．７１％，纤维素干物质含量降低了２．９％，ＮＤＦ消化率由３７．９３％提高到６８．８２％，有机物消化率由３８．６５％提高到７５．１２％，经济效益也得到了显著的提高。热喷粗饲料的经济价值比原始秸秆增值倍多、生产１ｔ热喷粗饲料可可盈利１０３．５元。 相似文献
16.
S L Ralston 《The Cornell veterinarian》1988,78(1):53-61
A survey was taken of dietary management and training schedules of 54 horses competing in two 160 km endurance races. A total of 52 owners, representing 54 horses, responded to a questionnaire distributed prior to the races. Diet and training schedules were compared between horses that successfully completed the races and those that were eliminated for metabolic reasons. Horses that completed the races were 11.5 +/- 4 years old, weighed 429 +/- 4.5 kg and were ridden 61 +/- 32 km a week when training. Feed intake was reported as "free choice hay or pasture" by 34 of the respondents. Dry matter (DM) hay intake in these horses was estimated to be 3% body weight (kg) minus the kg DM of grain fed, assuming a maximum intake. They were fed 12.3 +/- 2.3 kg feed per day consisting of 10 +/- 2.3 kg hay and 2.3 +/- 1.4 kg of grain. Most had free access to salt and were fed 1 +/- 1 vitamin/mineral supplement per day. Based on Nutritional Research Council (NRC) values for nutrient content of the reported feeds, diets contained 60 +/- 5% total digestible nutrients (TDN), 12 +/- 2% crude protein, 27 +/- 4% crude fiber, 0.72 +/- 0.4% calcium and 0.29 +/- 0.06% phosphorus. Maximum caloric intake was estimated to be 31.9 Mcal per day. Ratios of nutrients fed per kilometer trained were: kg TDN/km = .14 +/- .08, kg crude protein/km trained = .03 +/- .02, and kg crude fiber/km trained = .06 +/- .04.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
17.
Eight variants of recipes for mixtures of straw and concentrated feed with 10 to 60 per cent straw more or less finely ground (86 to 314 g crude fibre per kg dry matter) and fattening feed for lambs (50 g crude fibre per kg dry matter) were checked concerning the digestibility of crude nutrients for fullgrown wethers and 60 to 80-, 80 to 100-and 100 to 120-day-old lambs which had been ablactated at an age of 60 days. The digestibility for wethers was significantly higher than for lambs, between the age groups of which there were no significant differences concerning the digestibility. In accordance with the results with rations on the basis of concentrated feed as checked and described in the first piece of information, the content of crude fibres in the rations had a negative influence on the digestibility of organic matter, NFE and energy whereas there was a positive relation with the digestibility of crude fibres. The regression functions established for mixtures of straw and concentrated feed concerning the dependence of the digestibility on the content of crude fibres showed a relatively good coincidence in the range of a low content of crude fibres with the corresponding regression functions which were described in the first piece of information for rations of concentrated feed. The equations for the digestibility of crude fibres were an exception. In contrast to this, the quantitative relations between crude fibres and the digestibility as established in the first piece of information for rations with a low content of crude fibres cannot be transferred to rations with a higher content of crude fibres. 相似文献
18.
19.
Four mature geldings were used in a 4 X 4 Latin Square digestion experiment to determine the digestibility of pelleted diets containing 0. 15, 30 and 45% Nonpareil almond hulls. The four isonitrogenous treatments consisting of almond hulls, oat hay, and alfalfa hay provided approximately 94% dry matter (DM), 11% crude protein (CP), 23-32% acid detergent fiber (ADF) and 4100 kcal/kg gross energy (GE). Each horse consumed a different diet during each of four 14-day trial periods. Horses were fed 10 kg of their assigned diet per day. The horses gained an average of 15 kg over the course of the 8-week study. No feed was refused in any of the trials and there were no signs of adverse reactions to any of the diets. The digestibilities of the four dietary components (DM, CP, ADF and GE) were not affected by horse or trial period. Dry matter and GE digestibilities increased (P<.05) as the almond hull content increased in the four diets (59, 63, 64 and 68% DM digestibility and 57, 61, 61 and 64% GE digestibility, respectively). Acid detergent fiber digestibility was not affected by almond hull content (39, 39, 39 and 42% digestibility, respectively) while CP digestibility decreased as the almond hull content increased in the four diets (69, 62, 66 and 56% digestibility, respectively). Almond hulls appear to be a safe and palatable feed for horses and can be fed up to levels of 45%. 相似文献
20.
大豆胰蛋白酶抑制因子对獭兔氮平衡和养分消化率的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
试验选择（63±4）日龄、平均体重为（1150.5±124.0） g的健康美系獭兔20只,随机分为5组,每组4只兔,公母各半。试验日粮分别含有25%生大豆、25%化学钝化大豆、25%热处理大豆、25%豆粕和13%生大豆+12%豆粕。胰蛋白酶抑制因子含量（实测值）分别为6.55、 1.99、1.73、 0.81和3.97 mg/g。试验结果表明,25%生大豆组显著降低饲料氮表观消化率（P<0.05）,显著增加粪氮排出（P<0.05）,对尿氮无显著影响;化学钝化、热处理及生大豆+豆粕组粪氮、氮消化率同豆粕组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。饲料干物质、有机物质、无氮浸出物、粗脂肪、粗纤维表观消化率5组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。 相似文献