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开展了施用N、P、K肥对杉木幼苗期生长量影响的研究。结果表明:施肥能显著促进杉木幼苗苗高和地径的生长,但需N、P、K肥配合施,单施N肥的效果较N、P、K配施的效果差,单施N肥和N、P、K肥配施的处理间达到极显著差异。不同施肥处理对杉木苗木的苗高和地径生长的影响也达到极显著差异。此试验最为合理的施肥配方是:N 1.5 g、P 5 g、K 1.5 g,苗高比对照高出38.8%,地径比对照高出46%,可在生产中推广使用。表现最差的施肥配方是N 1.5 g,苗高比对照高出17.4%,地径比对照高出20.0%。 相似文献
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不同施肥处理对宜昌楠苗木生长及光合生理影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以宜昌楠2 a生的苗木为试材,采用N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK和CK 8种施肥配方处理,研究其在不同施肥配方处理下形态特征和叶片光合生理的变化.结果表明:(1)NPK平衡施用具有明显促进宜昌楠生长的作用.N肥能使叶色变的深绿,叶面积增大;P肥能促使地下和地上部加快生长;K肥提高光合作用的强度,增强作物抗逆、抗病能力.K能促进N肥的吸收和利用.(2)施用NPK、NP、P、NK、PK肥宜昌楠苗木的净光合速率较高;施用NPK、P、NK、N、NP、PK肥宜昌楠苗木的蒸腾速率较高;施用NPK、NK、N、P肥使宜昌楠苗木的气孔导度上升;施用K、P、NK肥对宜昌楠苗木的胞间CO2浓度影响较大. 相似文献
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不同施肥措施对西南桦幼林生长的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以林地采取施用基肥与追肥相结合的方式,连续2次施用不同肥料(CK、N、P、K、NP、NK、KP、NPK)对西南桦幼林期林木生长的影响进行了试验,其试验结果表明:施用不同肥料对西南桦幼林(3年生)径、高、材积生长有显著影响。经对不同施肥处理的效果作比较,施NP肥的效果最好,其西南桦幼林材积比其他施肥处理高17.8%~138.9%;其次是施NPK处理,其幼林材积比施NP处理低15.1%,比其他施肥处理高10.4%~102.8%;再次是施NK处理,其生长量比施NP和施NPK处理低14.2%~23.1%,比其余5种施肥处理高1.7%~83.7%,施N与施NK处理的生长差异小,两者差异仅1.7%;生长最差是施KP处理,其生长量比不施肥的CK处理低7.2%,CK比施P处理低11.1%,施P处理又比施K处理低14.7%。由此得出,西南桦幼林林地以施用NP复合肥为好,两者采取1?1的比例比较恰当;用常用的NPK复合肥和N肥也能起到较好的结果。但忌K肥与P肥结合使用。 相似文献
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采用正交设计对平欧杂种榛幼树进行施肥试验,探讨不同施肥处理条件对平欧杂种榛苗期生长状况的影响,通过测定苗高、地径、新梢生长量及叶面积等生长指标,并综合幼树生长指标比较以及生物量的结果可知:以施N肥(尿素)41g/株、P肥(过磷酸钙)79 g/株、K肥(硫酸钾)58 g/株,以及微量元素镁(硫酸镁)3 g/株为最佳施肥方案。 相似文献
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通过盆栽试验,采用尿素、过磷酸钙各4个水平共8个处理,研究N、P肥对湿加松幼苗的生长效应.结果表明,尿素和过磷酸钙均对湿加松生长有显著影响;各处理对湿加松地径生长的影响在9-12月差异显著,N-1处理地径最大,P-2处理次之;各处理对冠幅生长的影响在7-11月有显著差异,7月以N-2处理冠幅最大,8-11月则以P-2处理最大;各处理对苗高生长的影响差异不显著.对湿加松苗木生物量和植株N、P含量的分析表明,施用一定量的尿素、过磷酸钙可改善植株的养分状况,过量施用则不利于N、P的正常吸收;湿加松苗木最佳施肥组合是每株施尿素6g＋过磷酸钙30 g＋氯化钾15 g. 相似文献
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作为环境因子,风与树木的关系较其他因子复杂,树木对风胁迫的响应与适应是植物逆境生理生态学研究的热点和难点。本文综述了不同叶形树种叶片气体交换对风胁迫的响应差异,总结发现风对不同叶形树种叶片气体交换影响的研究结论差异较大,有的甚至截然相反,表明了不同叶形树种叶片气体交换对风胁迫响应的复杂性。同时分析了由叶形引起的微环境、边界层导度和理化特征对叶片气孔交换的影响。 相似文献
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Distribution of leaf nitrogen with respect to leaf mass per unit area (M(a)), nitrogen per unit mass (N(m)) and nitrogen per unit area (N(a)) within peach (Prunus persica L.) tree canopies was studied in two field experiments. In one experiment, leaf light exposure and M(a) were measured on leaves from different canopy positions of peach trees subjected to five nitrogen (N) fertilization treatments. Leaf light exposure and M(a) were linearly related and the relationship was independent of N fertilization. In a subsequent experiment, N fertilizer was applied to previously unfertilized trees in midsummer, after shoot growth had terminated. Application of N fertilizer did not affect mean canopy M(a). Fertilization increased N(m) of all leaves throughout the canopy compared with non-fertilized trees. No significant relationship between N(m) and M(a) was found in either fertilized or control trees. There was a linear relationship between N(a) and M(a) and the slope of the relationship was increased by N fertilizer application. We conclude that distribution of N(a) in peach tree canopies is primarily a function of M(a) partitioning with light and N(m), which is related to soil N availability. 相似文献
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Association of Eucalyptus globulus leaf anatomy with susceptibility to Teratosphaeria leaf disease 
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下载免费PDF全文 Resistance of Eucalyptus globulus juvenile foliage to Teratosphaeria leaf disease (TLD) damage has been shown to be under genetic control. Constitutive traits of juvenile leaves such as stomatal density (counted with wax on and with wax removed), total phenolics, total leaf wax, leaf mass per area (LMA) and leaf anatomical features were assessed to determine differences between pairs of resistant and susceptible families. Anatomic features assessed included cuticle, epidermis, palisade spongy mesophyll and total leaf thickness, as well as palisade cell size, shape and intercellular airspace. One interprovenance, one intraprovenance and two within‐family contrasts were used to compare resistant and susceptible pairs of families of Australian origin. The more resistant families had a significantly higher LMA and smaller percentage airspace compared with susceptible families. It is argued that one of the mechanisms by which E. globulus resists TLD involves the closely packed palisade mesophyll cells that increases LMA and reduces airspace, thereby restricting pathogen spread once infection has occurred. 相似文献
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Foliage growth, mass- and area-based leaf nitrogen concentrations (Nm and N a) and specific leaf area (SLA) were surveyed during a complete vegetation cycle for two co-occurring savanna tree species: Crossopteryx febrifuga (Afzel. ex G. Don) Benth. and Cussonia arborea A. Rich. The study was conducted in the natural reserve of Lamto, Ivory Coast, on isolated and clumped trees. Leaf flush occurred before the beginning of the rainy season. Maximum leaf area index (LAI), computed on a projected canopy basis for individual trees, was similar (mean of about 4) for both species. Seasonal courses of the ratio of actual to maximum LAI were similar for individuals of the same species, but differed between species. For C. febrifuga, clumped trees reached their maximum LAI before isolated trees. The LAI of C. arborea trees did not differ between clumped and isolated individuals, but maximum LAI was reached about 2 months later than for C. febrifuga. Leaf fall was associated with decreasing soil water content for C. arborea. For C. febrifuga, leaf fall started before the end of the rainy period and was independent of changes in soil water content. These features lead to a partial niche separation in time for light resource acquisition between the two species. Although Nm, N a and SLA decreased with time, SLA and N a decreased later in the vegetation cycle for C. arborea than for C. febrifuga. For both species, N a decreased and SLA increased with decreasing leaf irradiance within the canopy, although effects of light on leaf characteristics did not differ between isolated and clumped trees. Given relationships between N a and photosynthetic capacities previously reported for these species, our results show that C. arborea exhibits higher photosynthetic capacity than C. febrifuga during most of the vegetation cycle and at all irradiances. 相似文献
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基于叶重的桉树单叶面积估计模型 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
叶面积是树木生长模型和树木的生理过程的一个重要参数。根据叶重量估计叶面积。本文以我国南方主要树种桉树为对象,实测了从25株桉树上摘取的455片桉树叶子的重量和面积,分别建立了基于叶鲜重的嫩叶与成熟叶单叶面积预测模型。其中80％的数据用于建模,20％的数据用于模型验证。基于模型拟合效果、误差和残差分布,确定了成熟叶和嫩叶的叶面积模型分别为幂函数和线性方程。经检验,模型精度均达95%以上。建立的模型为估计单叶面积提供了一个简单可靠的方法,并且在桉树的结构-功能模型研究中有应用潜力。 相似文献
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日本栗叶面积与叶片生物量计算方法的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以6年生日本栗品种＂辽栗10号＂与＂大峰＂为试材,对其叶长、叶宽、单叶面积、单叶干重、冠幅、冠高、单株叶片生物量进行了测定。研究不同品种间叶片长宽比值和比叶面积的差异性,叶片长、叶宽和叶片长宽乘积与单叶面积的相关性以及冠幅、冠高与单株叶片生物量的相关性。结果表明：不同品种间叶片长宽比、比叶面积均无显著差异;对日本栗叶长、叶宽、叶片长宽乘积与单叶面积进行一元回归方程拟合,决定系数与修正决定系数均达极显著水平（P〈0.0001）,其中以叶片长宽乘积与单叶面积的一元二次回归方程回归效果最好,决定系数达0.987 9,修正决定系数达0.987 7;单株叶片生物量与冠幅面积和冠高的二元线性回归关系达极显著水平（P〈0.0001）,决定系数达0.997 2,修正决定系数达0.996 4。在生产上,可以通过测量冠幅面积、冠高计算出单株叶片生物量和叶面积指数,该方法操作简单,具有较高应用价值。 相似文献
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Barclay HJ 《Tree physiology》1998,18(3):185-193
Three definitions of leaf area index (LAI) in the literature have no predictable relationship with each other. Factors were derived for converting total LAI to projected LAI of horizontal leaves and to projected LAI for inclined leaves of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) and coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) to allow comparison of results from different studies. An algorithm was derived to allow determination of these factors based on twig angles and the angles that the foliage subtends with the twig. Allowances were made for both the vertical and horizontal components of projection. The value of the factor for converting total LAI to projected LAI for inclined leaves was 0.229 + 0.0032 for lodgepole pine and 0.230 + 0.0037 for Douglas-fir. Sensitivity analysis established that this conversion factor was more sensitive to differences in vertical angles of the twigs than to twig rotation or foliar arrangement on the twig. 相似文献
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紫鹅绒 (Gynura aurantiaca)，又名紫绒三七，天鹅绒三七、天绒七。为菊科三七草属多年生草本植物，株高 50～ 100cm，多分枝，茎多汁，叶互生，卵圆形，有锯齿，叶长 15cm，花为管状，橙红色。紫鹅绒主要以观叶为主，浓绿的茎叶上密被紫色绒毛，紫中透绿，甚为艳丽，是良好的观叶花卉。宜于盆栽，装饰厅堂、亭、榭、宾馆等，是观叶植物的珍品。 紫鹅绒原产印尼等亚热带地区，性喜光照充足、高温、高湿的环境，越冬期间白天温度宜在 15～ 18℃之间，夜间不低于 12℃。相对湿度以 50％～ 60％为宜。夏季不宜阳光直射，强光会使叶片焦枯… 相似文献
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Sonia Mediavilla Montserrat Martínez-Ortega Santiago Andrés Javier Bobo Alfonso Escudero 《林业研究》2022,33(1):39-50
Implications of the differences in leaf life span are still subject to debate in the field of ecophysiology. Since leaf traits associated with these differences may be decisive for determining the distribution of tree species, this topic is particularly relevant in the context of climate change. This study analyzes the effects of the differences in leaf life span on premature losses of leaf area owing to insect herbivory and to abiotic stress. Loss of leaf area may be an important determinant of... 相似文献