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1.
德国牧羊犬早孕的B/M型超声诊断 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
选取30只怀孕德国牧羊犬,在交配后20～40d用B/M超声进行早孕诊断。结果表明,75%的犬于第20天探测到孕囊,第24天可见胎心搏动,第27天怀孕诊断准确率为100%,第30天预测胎儿个数最准确,M型超声心动图可准确判断胎儿存活状态。 相似文献
2.
本试验的目的是通过比较几种不同的妊娠诊断方法,建立一套简便而准确的水牛早孕诊断方法。选择体况相似的8头中国沼泽型奶水牛为研究对象,通过视诊法连续观测8头母水牛配种后15个时间点眼睛形态学特征的变化;采用ELISA法检测8头母水牛人工授精后8个时间点晨血的血清中孕酮、雌二醇水平;采用牛早孕试纸检测卡检测尾根血清中的早期妊娠相关糖蛋白,以上早孕检测结果均与B超孕检结果进行对比分析。结果发现：配种后前28d观测水牛的眼部未见异常形态;怀孕母牛的孕酮水平均为5.76ng/mL,自16d开始保持在4.9～8.43ng/mL,至24d有小幅度升高,而未怀孕母牛的孕酮水平则表现下降趋势;配种后28d时采用牛早孕试纸检测卡检测发现有4头水牛怀孕,与B超孕检结果相一致。可以得出,配种后前28d形态学观察法不适用于水牛早期的妊娠诊断;孕牛与未孕母牛的孕酮激素水平变化规律存在差异,可为今后建立水牛早孕诊断方法提供技术支撑;牛早孕试纸检测卡在28d后获得较高的准确率,可应用于水牛早期妊娠诊断。该试验的开展可为今后水牛早期妊娠诊断研究提供参考,同时对促进水牛产业的健康发展具有重要的意义。 相似文献
3.
杨枝 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1990,(1)
自然交配后21、38和45天的母牛40头与小母牛10头,用放射免疫测试器测定其血浆和牛奶中孕酮的含量,结果孕酮含量分别高达2.3和1.94ng/ml,表明已怀了孕,并为配后60天的直肠检查所证实。此法对动物怀学诊断的准确率为84%;而对未怀孕动物诊断的准确率为100%。 相似文献
4.
B型超声妊娠诊断技术在波尔山羊胚胎移植产业化中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用B型超声断层扫描仪对 2 79只波尔山羊胚胎移植受体白山羊和 87只自然交配波尔山羊进行早期妊娠检查。在胚胎移植后 2 0～ 10 0天试验羊妊娠诊断阴性 (B超判断未怀孕 )的准确率为 10 0 % ;正常交配羊妊娠诊断阳性 (B超判断怀孕 )的准确率为 10 0 % ;部分胚胎移植后 2 0天左右的受体羊出现假阳性 ,这可能与胚胎移植后胎儿发育停止或出现流产或手术造成的粘连有关。试验证明 ,在胚胎移植 (2 - 8细胞胚胎 ) 30天以后进行B超妊娠检查不仅可准确判断妊娠情况 ,而且能得到胚胎移植羊流产或妊娠中止的数据 ,试验说明 ,B超妊娠诊断是目前波尔山羊胚胎移植产业化过程中的一个重要环节。 相似文献
5.
应用B型超声断层扫描仪对279只波尔山羊胚胎移植受体白山羊和87只自然交配波尔山羊进行早期妊娠检查。在胚胎移植后20～100天试验羊妊娠诊断阴性(B超判断未怀孕)的准确率为100%;正常交配羊妊娠诊断阳性(B超判断怀孕)的准确率为100%;部分胚胎移植后20天左右的受体羊出现假阳性,这可能与胚胎移植后胎儿发育停止或出现流产或手术造成的粘连有关。试验证明,在胚胎移植(2-8细胞胚胎)30天以后进行B超妊娠检查不仅可准确判断妊娠情况,而且能得到胚胎移植羊流产或妊娠中止的数据,试验说明,B超妊娠诊断是目前波尔山羊胚胎移植产业化过程中的一个重要环节。 相似文献
6.
满红 《北方牧业(奶牛)》2008,(9)
判断奶牛是否妊娠,有临床检查法和实验室诊断法两种。临床妊娠诊断有牛体观察、直肠检查或腹部触诊、听诊胎儿心音、超声波检查等方法;实验室妊娠诊断有血（乳）孕酮的测定等方法。在生产上使用最多的妊娠诊断方法是直肠检查,其优点是操作简便易行,验胎准确率较高,尤其是配后2个月左右,查胎准确率很高。现把判断奶牛是否妊娠的直肠查胎的注意事项如下： 相似文献
7.
应用放射免疫测定91头黑白花母牛,(配种后21—28天和42天)的混合全乳的孕酮含量,进行早期妊娠诊断研究。结果显示怀孕与未孕牛之间孕酮值差异非常显著(P<0.01)。据此确定全乳孕酮值的判定标准:>11毫微克/毫升为怀孕,<8毫微克/毫升为未孕,8.1～10.9毫微克/毫升为疑似。经直肠妊检核实,用这标准衡量配后21,23,24天妊娠牛的确诊率分别为85.7％,90.2％,91.4％,未孕牛确诊率是100％,因此,最佳采样时间以配后23—24天为宜。 相似文献
8.
B型超声妊娠诊断技术在波尔山羊胚胎移植产业化中的研究应用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
应用B型超声断层扫描仪对279只波尔山羊胚胎移植受体白山着和87只自然交配波尔山羊进行早期妊娠检查。在胚胎移植后20-100天试验羊妊娠诊断阴性（B超判断未怀孕）的准确率为100%；正常酱羊妊娠诊断阳性（B超判断怀孕）的准确率为100%；部分胚胎移植后20天左右的受体羊出现假阳性，这可能与胚胎移植后胎儿发育停止或出现流产或手术造成的粘连有关。试验证明，在胚胎移植（2-8细胞胚胎）30天以后进行B超妊娠检查不仅可准确判断妊娠情况，而且能得到胚胎稀薄标志着是流产或妊娠中止的数据，试验说明，B超妊娠诊断是目前波尔山羊胚胎移植产业化过程中的一个重要环节。 相似文献
9.
10.
《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2016,(10)
食蟹猴是一种重要的非人灵长类实验动物,人工繁殖是目前获得食蟹猴的主要途径,在实际生产中需经常对食蟹猴种群进行调整并群,由于非人灵长目动物具有很强的等级制度,因此在并群过程中,食蟹猴通过争斗而形成等级明显的群体,而争斗也成为直肠脱出的一个主要原因。脱出的直肠感染后需及时采取手术治疗,并对术后动物进行人工护理。结果表明,手术治疗食蟹猴直肠脱具有很好的治愈效果。 相似文献
11.
TA Abdulkareem SAM Al‐Sharifi MA Ishak SM Eidan MA Alnimr CW Passavant JR Branen RG Sasser 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(3):455-462
This study was undertaken to detect pregnancy in Iraqi riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) using three different methods (rectal palpation, plasma progesterone concentration and detection of the presence of pregnancy‐specific protein B (PSPB) with the BioPRYN® enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The aim of the study was to identify the most sensitive, early and accurate method for detecting pregnancy. Twenty‐two female riverine buffalo that were 6.0 ± 0.93 years old were used. Four blood samples per buffalo were taken via jugular venipuncture at days 22–24, 32–34, 42–44 and 58–61 post‐mating (PM) to measure the progesterone concentration (ng/ml) and to detect the presence of plasma PSPB. The rectal palpation method was employed to evaluate all buffalo on days 42–44 and 58–61 PM. The BioPRYN® test differed (p < 0.01) from the other tests with earlier accuracy for detecting pregnant and non‐pregnant buffalo. Eighty‐eight percent of pregnant and 76.9% of non‐pregnant buffalo were distinguished early (days 22–24 PM) using BioPRYN® and plasma PSPB‐ELISA level (2.09 ± 0.12 ng/ml) in relation to 66.7% and 53.9% detected using the progesterone assay at similar days (4.30 ± 0.40 ng/ml). In conclusion, these results described, for the first time, the early and accurate pregnancy detection of water riverine buffalo using BioPRYN® technology and provided the plasma levels of PSPB using an ELISA test. These findings will improve the reproductive and productive efficiency of Iraqi riverine buffalo by adapting the recent management and reproductive strategies in Iraq and in the world. 相似文献
12.
Plasma progesterone levels were measured daily to determine the accuracy of diagnosing ovulation by rectal palpation carried out every other day; 81.5 per cent mares injected with human chorionic gonadotrophin showed increases of progesterone more than 1 ng/ml by 72 h after injection compared with 65 per cent of mares injected with gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) or saline. Mating at ovulation achieved a 74 per cent pregnancy rate in mares given hCG compared with 50 per cent given GnRH and 45 per cent controls. Diagnosis of ovulation per rectum on the basis of a pit in the ovarian surface or the presence of a soft friable structure was found to be accurate in 91 per cent of cases. Diagnosis based on the presence of a firm plum-like structure or the disappearance of a previously identified follicle at a given site was 60 per cent accurate. In cases of rectal diagnosis of non-ovulation 38 per cent had actually ovulated based on a rise in progesterone more than 1 ng/ml and a further 19 per cent showed a rise in progesterone by 24 h after the diagnosis. The use of hCG may improve conception rates by synchronisation of ovulation and mating and where rectal palpation of the ovaries remains the only basis for timed mating. 相似文献
13.
选取273头荷斯坦奶牛,在人工输精后的28d和75d分别采用牛妊娠相关糖蛋白(PAG)ELISA和直肠检查的方法进行妊娠诊断,比较PAG ELISA和直肠检查法的结果,旨在评价PAG ELISA对配种28d的奶牛进行早期妊娠诊断的准确性。结果表明,PAG ELISA法妊娠诊断的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确性分别为100%、75.5%、86.5%、100%和90.5%,与75d直肠检查结果相同,可用于母牛的早期妊娠诊断。妊娠诊断对于母牛保胎、分群管理及提高繁殖效率等具有非常重要的意义。 相似文献
14.
Comparison of transcutaneous ultrasound over the right flank with transrectal ultrasound for pregnancy diagnosis in the dairy cow 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
JC Hunnam TJ Parkinson N Lopez-Villalobos S McDougall 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(8):318-322
Objective Evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of transrectal ultrasound and transcutaneous ultrasonography across the right flank between days 31 and 196 of pregnancy in the dairy cow.
Procedure Pregnancy status and stage of gestation at date of pregnancy diagnosis by transcutaneous and transrectal ultrasonography were determined for 1570 dairy cattle. Sensitivity and specificity values and probabilities of a correct diagnosis for both techniques were determined and compared. Possible effects of gestational age, herd, method of transcutaneous ultrasound diagnosis, cow age, cow and bull breed, and calf sex on the determination of a correct diagnosis of pregnancy status were evaluated for both techniques.
Results The overall sensitivity and probability of a correct diagnosis of pregnancy status from days 31 to 196 of gestation were significantly higher when using transrectal ultrasound relative to transcutaneous ultrasound over the right flank. However, the sensitivity of transcutaneous ultrasound changed over the course of pregnancy: it was low (7–8%) before day 84, increased to 89% between days 141 and 154, and was close to 100% thereafter. The specificity of both methods did not differ significantly. Herd and gestational age at date of pregnancy diagnosis were significantly associated with making a correct test result using transcutaneous ultrasound, although only the latter predictor was significantly associated with making a correct test result using transrectal ultrasound.
Conclusion Transcutaneous ultrasound can not be recommended as an accurate method for early pregnancy diagnosis in the dairy cow, particularly on a whole-herd basis. However, if pregnancy testing is undertaken in mid to late gestation, this technique could provide an accurate and rapid alternative to transrectal ultrasound or manual palpation per rectum. 相似文献
Procedure Pregnancy status and stage of gestation at date of pregnancy diagnosis by transcutaneous and transrectal ultrasonography were determined for 1570 dairy cattle. Sensitivity and specificity values and probabilities of a correct diagnosis for both techniques were determined and compared. Possible effects of gestational age, herd, method of transcutaneous ultrasound diagnosis, cow age, cow and bull breed, and calf sex on the determination of a correct diagnosis of pregnancy status were evaluated for both techniques.
Results The overall sensitivity and probability of a correct diagnosis of pregnancy status from days 31 to 196 of gestation were significantly higher when using transrectal ultrasound relative to transcutaneous ultrasound over the right flank. However, the sensitivity of transcutaneous ultrasound changed over the course of pregnancy: it was low (7–8%) before day 84, increased to 89% between days 141 and 154, and was close to 100% thereafter. The specificity of both methods did not differ significantly. Herd and gestational age at date of pregnancy diagnosis were significantly associated with making a correct test result using transcutaneous ultrasound, although only the latter predictor was significantly associated with making a correct test result using transrectal ultrasound.
Conclusion Transcutaneous ultrasound can not be recommended as an accurate method for early pregnancy diagnosis in the dairy cow, particularly on a whole-herd basis. However, if pregnancy testing is undertaken in mid to late gestation, this technique could provide an accurate and rapid alternative to transrectal ultrasound or manual palpation per rectum. 相似文献
15.
Using rectal palpation and laparoscopy, the relationship of ovarian contents to plasma progesterone concentration during the oestrous cycle, early pregnancy and post partum periods in the swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) was studied. During the oestrous cycle, four stages in the lifespan of the corpus luteum were seen laparoscopically. The mean (+/- sd) concentrations of progesterone in plasma in cows with and without a corpus luteum on their ovaries were 1.49 +/- 0.78 ng/ml (n = 31) and 0.14 +/- 0.09 ng/ml (n = 14), respectively. Plasma progesterone levels reflected age-dependent changes occurring in the cyclic corpus luteum. The accuracy of diagnosing ovarian contents was 82 and 91 per cent for rectal palpation and plasma progesterone levels respectively. Approximately 29 per cent follicles (larger than 10 mm) were incorrectly diagnosed as corpora lutea by rectal palpation. 相似文献
16.
A 3 MHz ultrasonic transducer was used to make pregnancy diagnoses in 320 milk and beef cows and heifers, on average 41 days after the last insemination. The ultrasound diagnostic findings were systematically confirmed by rectal palpation. Signs of pregnancy were detected as early as the 25th day after insemination. Discounting 16 doubtful results, the accuracy of positive diagnosis (94 per cent) was better than negative diagnosis (89.7 per cent). Ultrasound scanning could be used for the study of embryo mortality or for the determination of fetal age. 相似文献
17.
奶牛妊娠的早期诊断--实时B超法 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
使用 5 .0 MHz电子扇扫和电子线阵探头通过直肠内探查 ,对不同妊龄的 137头黑白花奶牛进行了妊娠检查。早期妊娠检查声像图主要表现为妊囊和 /或胚斑 ,探查到其中之一者即可确诊为妊娠。配种后 2 6～ 30 d妊娠检查确诊率高达 88.9% ,高于 5 0日龄左右的直肠检查 ;配种后 31～ 35 d时的确诊率为 97.2 % ;配种后 35 d以上者 ,确诊率均达到 10 0 %。B超诊断法快捷、简便、准确率高 ,对早期妊娠以实时图像显示 ,具有客观性 ,是一种良好的早期妊娠诊断法 相似文献
18.
奶牛早孕诊断乳汁孕酮临界值的确定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随机选择健康荷斯坦母牛６３头，其中发情周期牛５头，配后１８－２４天牛３０头和通过直接确定的怀孕牛２８头，按程序采集末乳乳样。用放射免疫测定法（ＲＬＡ）测定乳汁孕酮（ＭＰ４）浓度。以发情第３天ＭＰ４浓度加上２倍标准差为未孕临界值的土限，以配后１８－２４天怀孕牛ＭＰ４浓度的平均值减去１倍标准差为怀孕临界值的下限。结果表明，奶牛ＭＰ４早孕诊断临界值为：≥７．１９ｎｇ／ｍｌ为怀孕，〈４．７２ｎｇ／ｍｌ为未 相似文献
19.
ROBERT L. TOAL DVM MS MICHAEL A. WALKER DVM GEORGE A. HENRY DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1986,27(4):102-108
Fifty-five bitches were examined once, at different intervals for pregnancy. Manual Papation, B-mode real-time ultrasoungraphy, and radiography were used to confirm pregnancy and to count the number of fetuses present. Predicted numbers were compared to whelping data obtained from owners. Radiography was confined to the last trimester of pregnancy and had an overall accuracy of 100% in pregnancy detection and 93% in correct litter size determination. A proor qualtiy radiograph contributed to the one incorrect count estimate. Ultrasound and palpation were used in all three trimester phases starting 3 weeks post coitus. For pregnancy detection ultrasound was 94% accurate (no false positives) and palpation was 88% accurate (one false positive). For fetal counting, ultrasound was 36% accurate and palpation was 12% accurate. Recommendations for the use of ultrasound and radiography in pregnancy evaluation are reviewed. 相似文献
20.
Repeated radio-immunological assays of progesterone in milk and ovary rectal palpation were used for indirect determination of embryonal mortality in cows. Milk sampling and rectal examination were made in the insemination period and then in two- to three-day intervals, mostly from the 21st day after insemination till the early pregnancy determination made after the 42nd day on the basis of the double wall phenomenon. Observation was made in 185 animals from two herds. Embryonal mortality was found in 9.06% out of 289 evaluated inseminations, which prolongs the oestral cycle over 25 days. The monitoring corpus luteum function in connection with rectal ovary palpation supplemented by oestrus, ovulation and insemination control enable a more objective indirect diagnosis of embryonal losses prolonging the oestral cycle. 相似文献