共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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应用气味丰容减少圈养华南虎（Panthera tigris amoyensis）的刻板行为 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2012年3～7月,对上海动物园2只雄性华南虎的刻板行为特征进行总结和分析,并开展同种其他个体的气味丰容,旨在减少圈养华南虎的刻板行为.华南虎的刻板行为主要出现在外展区4个区域,分别位于外展区的水池边、饲料投喂口、动物串门,室内笼舍.主要表现为重复性踱步,整体形状为“8”字形或者直线;华南虎的刻板行为主要发生于早晨（7：00～8：00）、傍晚（16：00～18：00）.气味丰容前后,华南虎的昼间行为的整体分配出现显著性差异（P＜0.05）,其中刻板行为的发生频率显著降低（P＜0.05）;活动行为的发生频率显著提升（P＜0.05）,标记行为显著增加（P＜0.05）;站立行为、卧息行为及睡眠行为减少,其他行为（如嗅闻和探索）增加,但均无显著差异（P＞0.05）. 相似文献
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小熊猫(Ailurus fulgens)是亚洲特有的濒危动物。由于圈养小熊猫活动空间受限、环境单调等因素,时常有刻板行为表现。本研究依据小熊猫自然行为特性及动物福利要求,以环境、食物、气味等因素进行多重丰容,观察频繁出现刻板行为的2只圈养小熊猫个体的行为修正效果。应用聚集动物取样法,从9:00到17:00,全事件记录并观察小熊猫行为。观察发现,受试小熊猫主要表现摇晃与踱步两种刻板行为。通过丰容前与三个阶段的丰容后刻板行为发生率比较,丰容后的刻板行为均显著低于丰容前,而探究行为和修饰行为有所增加。由此可见,多重丰容可以减少圈养小熊猫刻板行为的发生,促进自然行为的表达。 相似文献
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奶牛热应激是当奶牛受到过高温度刺激时,引起机体的非特异性防御反应和特异性障碍在体内的全身性适应症,可使奶牛发生行为或生理紊乱,导致产奶性能下降,流产增多,甚至引起死亡,从而造成较大的经济损失. 相似文献
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奶牛生产的最适温度为4～18℃.当环境温度过高时,机体的电解质平衡、酸碱平衡及内分泌等代谢均发生紊乱,为减少产热以适应周围环境,体内的甲状腺素和三碘甲状腺素的分泌会下降,因而造成奶牛的采食量下降.热应激的奶牛采食量会下降8％～ 12％或更多,采食量下降会导致奶牛瘤胃中挥发性脂肪酸的产量减少,造成奶牛生产能力降低和机体能量代谢的不平衡.奶牛热应激在临床上表现出体温增高、呼吸加快、皮肤代谢发生障碍、食欲下降、采食量减少、体重减轻和机体免疫力下降等症状,最终导致各种疾病的发生.同时,受热应激的作用,奶牛会分泌更高水平的黄体酮,以致影响促黄体素分泌.在临床上可能观察到不发情和发情行为减少,母牛的受孕率下降.受孕率低,易造成异常胚胎和不受精卵子数目增加.不孕、早期胚胎死亡甚至流产都能在发生热应激的牛群中见到.怀孕晚的母牛可能早产,导致胎衣不下和一些代谢病,并可能因为采食量下降而进一步恶化,表现为不爱活动,喜欢集中在通风良好的地方和水槽附近.严重热应激时,奶牛会出现张口呼吸,甚至导致中暑. 相似文献
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Behavioral, physiological and functional aspects of stereotyped behavior: a review and a re-interpretation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
R Dantzer 《Journal of animal science》1986,62(6):1776-1786
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2018年6—10月,采用扫描取样法研究了哈尔滨北方森林动物园圈养野猪的行为,同时记录了参观野猪游客的数量和行为。在此基础上,研究了游客对野猪行为的影响。结果表明:(1)游客数量上升伴随着对野猪投食和逗引行为增加,野猪求食行为增加;(2)野猪卧息、站立、运动、冲突、友好、繁殖行为的频次与游客数量不显著相关(P>0.05);(3)刻板行为频次与游客数量呈显著正相关(相关系数=0.672,P<0.05);(4)野猪的刻板行为频次与游客数量之间的最佳拟合曲线方程为Y=-4.573+0.288 X-0.001 X^2+(4.818×10^-7)X^3,其中Y为野猪刻板行为频次,X为游客数量。研究表明,游客对野猪不同行为有不同的影响。 相似文献
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从2011年12月到2012年4月,应用全事件取样法和目标动物取样法对南昌动物园2只处于育龄期的华南虎进行了丰容前后的行为观察,对丰容前后行为发生的时间分配、行为比例进行了研究比较。结果显示：丰容前主要出现踱步行为（刻板行为）,休息行为和摄食行为（摄食行为的发生受人为控制）等行为,丰容后行为谱明显丰富,行为种类增多,玩耍行为,社会行为占据整个行为谱的时间比重加大,丰容前后行为存在显著的差异。研究结构表明可以通过丰容来改变华南虎的行为节律,从而减少其刻板行为,增加了社会行为,对提高动物繁殖的成功率可能起到一定作用。 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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2017年4月在南京红山森林动物园,采用瞬时扫描取样法观察5只黑帽悬猴(Cebus apella)的行为,分析不同性别、年龄组的日行为时间分配和活动节律。结果表明,圈养黑帽悬猴的主要行为活动为休息(52. 06±1. 03)%、移动(23. 22±0. 58)%、取食(14. 65±0. 69)%、理毛(4. 98±0. 35)%等。雄猴和雌猴的休息、玩耍、乞食和刻板行为所占时间比例差异显著。相比于成年黑帽悬猴,幼猴玩耍的时间更长(χ~2=13. 643,P <0. 05),乞食行为所占时间更多(χ~2=4. 057,P <0. 05)。雄猴取食时间先于雌猴和幼猴,在上午和下午投食后均优先取食。周末游客人数比平日显著增加,雌猴和幼猴乞食行为也显著增多,其波动节律具有一致性。针对圈养黑帽悬猴行为管理提出了一些丰容措施和游客管理建议。 相似文献
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K A Houpt 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》1987,3(2):357-367
Farm animals exhibit abnormalities of sexual, maternal, and other social behaviors as well as many stereotyped behaviors. The types and incidence of these abnormal behaviors may depend on the species, its diet, and the environmental conditions under which it is normally maintained. An understanding of the causes of various abnormal behavior patterns will enable the producer and veterinarian to better manage populations of livestock and improve their well-being. 相似文献
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Steffen W. Hansen Bente Krogh Hansen Peer Berg 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):120-127
Abstract The effect of cage size and nest box environment on circadian rhythm and on stereotyped and non-stereotyped activities was measured for 66 farmed female mink fed ad libitum. The behaviour of the animals was recorded over 24 h on video in the months of September and October. Weight and feed consumption were measured for the 66 females and the 66 male mink placed with the females. The experiment included three cage sizes (0.10, 0.27 and 1.10 m2) and cages with and without nest boxes. In the cages with nest boxes the use of wire netting cylinders and shelves was evaluated. Farm mink, fed ad libitum, had their primary activity period from 04:00 to 10:00 h. There was no food anticipatory activity, but the actual feeding at noon caused an interruption of the animals' resting period. Mink in cages without nest boxes performed more stereotyped behaviour than mink with nest boxes. There was no effect of cage size on the measured behavioural elements. Mink were passive for more than 70% of the day and night and preferred to rest together. Apart from resting in the nest box, mink preferred to rest on shelves above floor level. Lacking the possibility of using a nest box and performance of stereotyped behaviour increase the feed intake of farm mink. A large variation between animals, having a significant effect on all the measured behavioural elements, indicates different coping patterns and/or stress sensitivity. 相似文献
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2009年3～8月,对上海动物园圈养马来熊进行了春夏季昼间运动场区域利用性研究。数据分析结果表明,各区域利用率分别为a区30.7%、b区7.41%、c区37.9%、d区9.74%、e区14.2%;春夏季各区域利用无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;夏季a区的利用率高于春季,其他各区域利用率均低于春季;马来熊昼间多在c区的树上或树洞内休息,运动行为主要发生在a区,社群行为e区比较突出,乞食行为85%左右在a区,刻板行为集中在a区和e区,b区和d区各行为均有少量发生,无突出行为存在。 相似文献
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S W Line K N Morgan H Markowitz S Strong 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(9):1523-1526
We studied 6 singly caged adult female rhesus monkeys to determine whether increased cage size had any effect on behavior or heart rate. Two monkeys at a time were placed in cages 40% larger than their standard cage for 1 week on 2 occasions, using a counter-balanced design. Direct behavioral observations were performed 75 minutes/week on each monkey. Heart rate and general activity were monitored 35 hours/week by a telemetry system. Statistically significant differences were not found in aggressive, submissive, abnormal, or self-abusive behavior, nor in time spent in the front half of the cage, duration of grooming, looking at the observer, or stereotyped or nonstereotyped locomotion. Vocalizations increased the first time in the larger cage, but not the second, and decreased upon the second return to the standard cage. Differences with respect to cage size were not found in heart rate or activity level, although there were significant variations at different times of day. We conclude that modest increases in cage size are unlikely to enrich the environment of singly caged laboratory primates. 相似文献