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大围山国家级自然保护区是云南省最重要的保护区之一,生物多样性的管理十分重要。研究对生物多样性和影响生物多样性的因子进行评估。研究所采用的第一手自然和生物多样性的第一手数据,如海拔、土壤类型、坡度、森林覆盖率、植物物种、鸟类物种等从大围山保护区的28个样点中获得。用CurveExpert统计软件对这些数据进行数理统计分析,分析的结果显示鸟类物种的多样性与植物物种的多样性呈明显的正相关,说明生境对动物区系多样性保护的关键作用。该研究还分析了关键景观特征与生物多样性的相关性,并对如何测度生物多样性和增强保护和管理该区域的生物多样性提出了建议。本研究的结果不仅对大围山自然保护区的生物多样性保护和管理策略的制定有重要的意义,而且对中国其他自然保护区的保护和管理也有积极地作用。 相似文献
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建德市生物多样性保护规划探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生物多样性水平是一个地区生态环境建设的重要标志之一.在分析浙江省建德市生物多样性现状的基础上,提出了生物多样性保护的规划原则、目标和布局,为丰富建德市物种多样性、遗传多样性、生态系统多样性和景观多样性,构建人与自然和谐的生存环境创造有利条件. 相似文献
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鸡足山自然保护区具有丰富的生物多样性,文中对鸡足山自然保护区生物多样性研究的文献资料进行了整理和回顾,综述了保护区生态系统多样性、物种多样性、遗传多样性等方面的研究现状,剖析了存在的生物多样性本底不清、监测体系尚未建立、缺乏对生物多样性与文化多样性关系以及生物多样性有效管理与合理开发利用的研究等问题.提出今后急需开展构建生物多样性监测网络、生物多样性资源合理利用等方面的研究工作. 相似文献
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香格里拉大峡谷生物多样性丰富,物种特有程度高,但目前在生物多样性方面尚无保护地位.对生物多样性威胁因子进行分析,结果表明,主要威胁因子为森林资源低价值消耗,林下采集,森林火灾,旅游,森林病虫害,放牧,泥石流,征占用林地,偷砍盗伐及猎捕等.藉此,提出了生物多样性保护对策. 相似文献
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四川地处我国西南林区的主体部份,森林资源丰厚,森林生态系统复杂,森林生物在物种、生态系统、遗传信息三个层次上具有丰富度与多样性.为适应我国生物多样性的保护形势及要求,作者在分析森林生物多样性濒危现状及致危原因的基础上,对四川森林生物多样性的保护工作从八个方面探讨其策略. 相似文献
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在大兴安岭林区不同采伐区选择典型样地,采用Patrick丰富度指数、Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数及Pielou均匀度指数,研究了不同采伐方式对兴安落叶松林林下物种多样性的影响。结果表明:适度的间伐干扰有利于生物多样性的提高,随着采伐干扰强度和频度的增大,生物多样性会下降;皆伐更新不利于生物多样性的保护,会降低物种多样性指数,改变生物多样性结构;渐伐符合森林更新及林下重要物种对外界环境变化适应的要求,有利于生物多样性和整个生态系统的稳定。 相似文献
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森林生物多样性保护原理概述 总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21
热点地区的分析,为我们确定生物多样性保护的策略和优先等级提供了依据;由于人类的剧烈干扰,现在地球上有许多物种和生态系统都处于濒危的境地,热带雨林的生物多样性丧失最为严重;热点地区虽然在地球上所占的面积很小,但却拥有大量的物种,这些地区的生物多样性丧失应特别引起我们注意;每个物种灭绝的难易程度不同,稀有种和长寿命种特别易于灭绝,而关键种一旦受到威胁,依赖于其生存的许多物种也会有灭绝的危险。遗传多样性的丧失也是生物多样性丧失的重要方面,种群内遗传多样性的丧失主要来源于奠基者效应、统计瓶颈效应、遗传漂变和近亲交配４种因素。物种的概念影响到对物种的保护,物种保护应包括物种内遗传多样性的保护;种群的动态调节机制和源—汇种群动态对于生物多样性保护具有重要的意义。种群生存力分析是了解物种濒危机制的崭新手段。群落中的种间关系和自然干扰体系是生物多样性保护中应考虑的重要方面。人为的生境破碎与自然景观的异质性不同,生境破碎会造成边缘效应和拥挤效应等一系列的生物学后果。 相似文献
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ZHANG YingCollege of Economics Management Beiiine Forestry University Beiiine . P. R. China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2003,(2)
By reference of the evaluative data of forest biodiversity changes in China from 1973 to 1998, the variation analysis models of the pressure index of forest biodiversity, forest ecosystem diversity and forest species diversity, as well as the general index of forest biodiversity are developed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Furthermore established is the relevant model of mutation of forest diversity potential functions. This paper points out that changes of forest biodiversity are generally unsteady, especially for the pressure index . The ecosystem diversity index and the species diversity index always fluctuate, resulting in the erratic changes or mutations of general index of forest biodiversity in China. 相似文献
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Strategic studies on the biodiversity sustainability in Yunnan Province, Southwest China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Pu Ying-shan Zhang Zhi-yi Pu Li-na 《中国林学(英文版)》2007,9(3):225-237
With an area of 394,000 km2 (4.1% of China's total area) and specific diversified geographical environments, Yunnan houses over 18,000 species of higher plants (51.6% of China's total), 1,836 vertebrate species (54.8% of China's total) and multitu-dinous species of rare, endemic and epibiotic wildlife, ranking first in species richness value and endemicity rate of China's biodiver-sity, thus becoming a rare gene bank of wildlife species with the most concentrated distribution of important wildlife taxa and a key terrestrial biodiversity region of global significance. Despite its evident abundance and endemism, however, the biodiversity is faced with threats of ecological fragility and human disturbances in socioeconomic development resulting in attenuation of biodiversity, degradation of ecosystems and serious loss of species, thus, it needs to be carefully studied for its sustainability. Based on the analy-ses of the geographical diversity, the macro material bases of Yunnan's biodiversity were reviewed and six characteristics of the pro-vincial biodiversity were described in the ecosystems, forest types, species compositions, endemic species, genetic resources, etc. By appraising the present status of the provincial biodiversity conservation, the facts that the biodiversity coexisted with fragility were revealed so that eight key disadvantageous factors in the provincial ecological fragility causing serious biodiversity loss were sum-marized and described in this paper. In order to satisfy the two-fold needs of biodiversity sustainability and socioeconomic develop-ment, eight strategies for the sustainable development were intensively elaborated by borrowing certain theories in modern conserva-tion biology, recycling economics and some successful innovations, and by giving comprehensive consideration to the ecological fragility mechanism, nature reserve construction, environmental protection and the exploitability of resources for biodiversity sus-tainability and socioeconomic development. Accordingly, relevant targets, principles, tactics and measures for effective biodiversity conservation and sustainability were suggested to lay a solid theoretical foundation and reliable scientific basis for the biodiversity and socioeconomic sustainable development. 相似文献
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阐述云南轿子山自然保护区植物、植被类型和动物多样性概况。评价生物多样性特点,并针对物种和生态景观提出了生物多样性保护建议。 相似文献
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Biodiversity response to intensive biomass production from forest thinning in North American forests - A meta-analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jake Verschuyl Sam RiffellDarren Miller T. Bently Wigley 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,261(2):221-232
Demand for alternative energy sources has led to increased interest in intensive biomass production. When applied across a broad spatial extent, intensive biomass production in forests, which support a large proportion of biodiversity, may alter species composition, nutrient cycling and subsequently biodiversity. Because forest thinning and fuels treatment thinning are viewed as possible wide-spread biomass harvest options, it is important to understand what is known about forest biodiversity response to these practices and what additional information is needed by forest managers and policymakers. Therefore, we summarized documented relationships between forest thinning treatments and forest biodiversity from 505 biodiversity effect sizes (incl. taxa and guild abundance and species richness measures) from 33 studies conducted across North America. We used meta-analysis to summarize biodiversity response by region, taxa and harvest treatments. Biodiversity responses included species richness, diversity, abundance of taxa or groups of species (guilds) and abundance of individual species for birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates. Forest thinning treatments had generally positive or neutral effects on diversity and abundance across all taxa, although thinning intensity and the type of thinning conducted may at least partially drive the magnitude of response. Our review highlights the need for more research to determine effects of thinning on amphibians and reptiles and manipulative experiments designed to test the effects of biomass removal on biodiversity. 相似文献
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As forested systems are impacted by both natural and anthropogenic factors such as climate change, the biodiversity supported by those forests is likely to change. Quantifying that change, however, remains a difficult task due to variations in the sizes and conditions of forested systems. Species accumulation curves are a commonly used tool to scale estimates of species richness and provide an avenue for comparing biodiversity among habitats through rarefaction. However, we found that the ranked biodiversity among forested systems depends on the sample unit used, and there is a need to integrate landscape heterogeneity in spatially scaleable estimates of biodiversity. Both of these biodiversity assessment issues can be addressed using a new approach we term the Integrated Accumulation Function (IAF), a method based on combining component species accumulation curves. Using this approach on communities of canopy arthropods found in pinyon pine forests in the southwestern United States, we found three major patterns. First, in small stands, trees growing under low environmental stress support the greatest species richness. Second, when stands are large, stands growing under higher environmental stress support greater species richness, and species richness is resilient to change over a broad range of the stress gradient. Third, there are threshold levels of stress at both ends of the stress spectrum beyond which species are rapidly lost. This analysis reveals unexpected patterns and suggests that conservation practices should consider the inclusion of forests growing under suboptimal conditions to maximize the preservation of biodiversity. 相似文献
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受海拔高度的影响,三江源区具有众多的植被类型和丰富的动植物种类.但是目前面临着生境破碎化、鸟屿化,物种多样性锐减的严峻形势.分析物种多样性减少的原因,认为一是恶劣的生态环境,二是人为因素的影响,包括偷猎、乱采滥挖、草场超载过牧等.提出了三江源生物多样性可持续发展的目标及防止对策. 相似文献