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山薯试管零余子的诱导 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以山薯无菌苗茎段为试验材料,研究BA、NAA、JA、蔗糖浓度、光周期以及不同培养方式对试管零余子诱导形成的影响.结果表明,MS+2.0mg/L BA+0.1 mg,L NAA+80g/L蔗糖+5.0g/L,琼脂+1.5 g/L活性炭,12 h/d的光照时间(光照强度为2 000 lx)是试管零余子诱导较优的培养条件.经过2个月的培养,试管零余子诱导率达90%以上,零余子发生个数为1.44个/株.蔗糖浓度是影响试管零余子发生的最重要因素,高蔗糖浓度(80 g/L)能促进试管零余子的发生. 相似文献
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蔗糖、多效唑、ABA、KT对淮山薯试管珠芽诱导的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以淮山薯不定芽为材料,采用正交试验设计方法研究了蔗糖、多效唑(PP333)、脱落酸(ABA)、激动素(KT)对淮山薯试管珠芽诱导的影响。结果表明:①组合MS+蔗糖90 g/L+PP333 2.0 mg/L+ABA 12 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L最有利于淮山薯试管珠芽的诱导,珠芽诱导率84.46%,平均珠芽数4.45个;②蔗糖是影响珠芽诱导率和平均珠芽数的主导因子,脱落酸是影响珠芽大小的主导因子;③较高浓度的蔗糖(90 g/L)有利于淮山薯试管珠芽的诱导,平均诱导率77.63%,平均珠芽数4.12个。 相似文献
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《园艺与种苗》2015,(11)
[目的]以淮山茎段作为外植体,进行淮山的离体快速繁殖研究。[方法]按L9(34)正交试验表,选用MS培养基,附加不同浓度的GA3、6-BA、NAA和活性碳,分析比较不同培养成分对淮山茎段分化和增殖的影响;选用不同浓度的MS无机盐浓度、NAA、活性碳和蔗糖,比较了不同培养基对淮山组培苗生根的影响。[结果]培养基MS+GA30.25 mg/L+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+活性炭0.5 g/L,对淮山茎段分化和增殖的效果最好;最佳节生根培养基配方为1/2MS+NAA0.5 mg/L+活性炭0.5 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L。[结论]建立起桂淮5号的组培快繁技术。 相似文献
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阿希蕉为野生香蕉资源,可作为重要的遗传育种资源并具有观赏价值。本研究以阿希蕉合生花为植物材料,进行组培快繁技术研究。结果表明,阿希蕉在巴西蕉愈伤诱导培养基上可诱导出愈伤组织,最佳芽分化培养基配方为MS+6-BA（3.0 mg/L）+NAA（0.1~0.2 mg/L）,最佳芽增殖培养基配方为MS+6-BA（2.0 mg/L）+NAA（0.1 mg/L）,最佳生根培养基配方为MS+IBA（3.0 mg/L）+NAA（0.3 mg/L）。从取材到获得根系完整的组培苗约需100 d,繁殖效率100株/花苞以上,增殖效率高,可达到快速繁育的目的。 相似文献
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以姜荷花‘红色印象’植株的多个部位作为外植体,进行丛生芽诱导、增殖扩繁、生根壮苗以及出瓶移栽育苗的研究,完善姜荷花工厂化组培快繁流程,为其规模化生产提供参考。以姜荷花球茎、储藏根、球茎小芽、侧芽、幼嫩花芽、幼嫩叶片6个部位为材料,通过添加不同浓度6-BA和NAA的MS培养基,对丛生芽诱导培养、丛生芽增殖培养、生根壮苗以及移栽育苗等步骤进行优化。姜荷花‘红色印象’最佳外植体为球茎小芽和侧芽,诱导培养基为MS+6-BA (3 mg/L或5 mg/L)+NAA 0.2 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+卡拉胶7 g/L,最佳丛生芽增殖培养基为MS+6-BA3 mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+卡拉胶7g/L,生根壮苗培养基选用1/2MS+NAA0.1mg/L+蔗糖20g/L+卡拉胶7 g/L,经过炼苗后出瓶移栽,组培苗种植基质选用细泥炭和细椰糠1∶1混合基质最佳,出瓶移栽成活率达95%以上,表型稳定。利用EST-SSR标记对母株和随机选择的组培苗进行扩增分析,证实DNA水平上无明显变异。通过对姜荷花‘红色印象’外植体和培养基的筛选,实现姜荷花组培快繁流程优化,建立高效完整的姜荷花工厂... 相似文献
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2个葡萄品系外植体愈伤组织诱导和植株再生 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
进行了无核白、红地球2个葡萄品系外植体愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的研究。通过葡萄品系无核白、红地球叶片和叶柄外植体的愈伤组织的诱导、再分化,以器官发生途径实现植株再生。结果表明:(1)愈伤组织诱导以MS+BA5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L+蔗糖40g/L培养基最佳,诱导率为35%;同一葡萄品种的叶片与叶柄诱导愈伤组织的频率基本相同,而红地球外植体诱导愈伤组织的频率高于无核白;(2)不定芽的诱导再生以1/2MS+BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L+CH500mg/L+蔗糖30g/L培养基最佳,平均诱导率达35.4%;叶柄来源的愈伤组织诱导不定芽的频率高于叶片愈伤组织;(3)根系的诱导以1/2MS+KT0.5mg/L+IBA1.0mg/L+AC2g/L+蔗糖15g/L培养基最佳,无核白和红地球来源的不定芽诱导生根频率基本相同,都在80%以上。 相似文献
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玉米幼胚培养及植株再生的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以不同玉米自交系幼胚为外植体,研究不同2,4-D浓度对愈伤组织诱导、6-BA浓度对愈伤组织分化和6-BA与NAA配合使用对试管苗生根的影响。结果表明:不同2,4-D浓度对愈伤组织诱导率影响差异不明显,但对胚性率诱导有明显影响,其诱导最佳培养基为MS+2,4-D 2 mg/L+水解酪蛋白500 mg/L+脯氨酸500 mg/L;愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基是MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L+水解酪蛋白500 mg/L+谷氨酰胺200 mg/L+PP333 2 mg/L;试管苗生根的最佳培养基是1/2 MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L+NAA2.0 mg/L+PP333 2.0 mg/L+活性炭0.2%。 相似文献
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为筛选出大苞鞘石斛组培快繁体系各阶段最适培养基配方,以大苞鞘石斛无菌苗茎段为外植体,通过正交试验研究不同因素对大苞鞘石斛植株再生的影响。结果表明:拟原球茎诱导最适培养基为1/2MS+2,4-D0.2 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L,诱导出的拟原球茎直径1.5 mm时将其从茎段上剥离,并接入原培养基继续诱导15~20 d;拟原球茎增殖最适培养基为1/2MS+NAA 1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+椰乳10%,继代周期25~30 d;拟原球茎分化最适培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+椰乳10%,分化培养需40 d;将分化的无菌苗继代于花宝2号3 g/L+蛋白胨2 g/L+IBA 1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+椰乳10%生根诱导效果最好,培养45 d;生根壮苗最佳培养基为花宝1号3 g/L+蛋白胨2 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L+活性炭1 g/L,培养50 d。 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。 相似文献
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R. W. Summers 《Crop Protection》1989,8(6):451-454
One hundred and fifty-six pre-roost gatherings of starlings were observed at 28 sites around a roost in west Norfolk during winter. Pre-roost gatherings occurred more frequently at individual farmyards compared with individual fields, but 82% of the sites where gatherings occurred were on fields. The size of gatherings was greater, the closer to the roost. Birds in pre-roost gatherings on fields of autumn-sown winter wheat spent most of the time feeding and had a diet composed almost exclusively of wheat seeds. Birds in gatherings on grass fields also fed intensively whereas only 31% of birds at farmyards were feeding. The implications that these results have with regard to potential damage to fields of winter wheat and around farmyards are discussed. 相似文献
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以‘福桐’、‘绿桐’2个无性系与10个不同种源的白花泡桐个体为研究对象,采用ISSR分子标记对12份白花泡桐材料的亲缘关系进行研究,并利用DPSv3.01进行聚类分析。结果表明：10条引物共扩增出66条条带,其中有37条多态带,多态性比例为56.1%。根据ISSR聚类分析结果,在遗传距离为0.35时,12份白花泡桐材料可分为5类,第1类为‘福桐’无性系与河南、河北种源个体;第2类为‘绿桐’无性系与湖南、湖北、江苏种源个体;第3类为浙江、广东种源个体;第4类为江西、福建种源个体;第5类为广西种源个体。此结果 相似文献
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Insect pest management is facing the economic and ecological challenge worldwide due to the human and environmental hazards caused by majority of the synthetic pesticide chemicals. Identification of novel effective insecticidal compounds is essential to combat increasing resistance rates. Botanicals containing active insecticidal phytochemicals appear to be promising to address some of these problems. Therefore, there is a continuous need to explore new active molecules with different mechanisms of action. Secondary metabolites present in plants apparently function as defense (toxic), which inhibits reproduction and other processes. The phytochemical biomolecules could be used for maximizing the effectiveness and specificity in future insecticide design with specific or multiple target sites, while ensuring the economic and ecological sustainability. In this article, the current state of knowledge on phytochemical sources and insecticidal activity, their mechanism of action in insects, resistance, and promising advances made in phytochemical research are reviewed. 相似文献
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为深入研究昆虫病原真菌蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的功能,根据蝉拟青霉基因组信息克隆疏水蛋白PChyd基因,对该基因序列进行生物信息学分析,使用qRT-PCR技术对其在不同培养条件或阶段下的表达模式进行分析,并通过酶切酶连的方法构建了该基因的敲除载体。结果表明：PChyd基因的开放阅读框序列全长303 bp,编码100 aa,包含22 aa的信号肽序列和70 aa疏水蛋白功能区域。系统发育分析显示该基因与粗糙虫草菌亲缘关系最近。qRT-PCR结果显示PChyd基因在PDA培养的菌丝体、诱导的附着胞、诱导的芽生孢子中表达量显著高于另外2个样品,其中芽生孢子表达量最高,暗示该基因在蝉拟青霉侵染初期和在昆虫血腔中定殖阶段可能具有重要作用。凝胶电泳结果表明,成功构建了该基因的敲除载体,扩增出含有上臂、HPH、下臂的3356 bp左右的片段。本研究为进一步探究蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的致病机理、生防工程菌的改造奠定了基础。 相似文献