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1.
对桂糖８６－２６７、闽糖９３－２４６等８个甘蔗品种（２个对照）进行嵌纹病抗性鉴定及丰产性测定。结果表明：桂糖８６－２６７、闽糖９３－２４６既抗病,丰产性又好;粤糖８５－１１７抗性好但产量不理想,其它甘蔗品种蔗茎产量与新台糖１０相比增产达极显著水平,但抗病性不理想。 相似文献
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经过两年的生产试验,参试的国家甘蔗品种中福农８１－７４５、桂糖８４－３３２、闽糖８６－０５、福农８３－３６、桂糖８９－５、新台糖１６、闽糖７６－２与三个对照种闽糖７０－６１１、桂糖１１号和新台糖１０号相比,总体表现较好,特别表现较好的拟合特别在蔗茎产量方面。因此,这几个品种可在福建蔗区生产应用。其他品种云蔗８１－１７３、云蔗８９－１５１和粤农８１－７６２由于产量或蔗糖分较差,不宜在漳州蔗区生产应用 相似文献
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国家甘蔗品种漳州蔗区生产试验总结 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
经过两年的生产试验，参试的国家甘蔗品种中福农８１－７４５、桂糖８４＝３３２、闽糖８６－０５、福农８３－３６、桂糖８９－５、ＲＯＣ１６、闽糖７６－２与３个对照种闽糖７０－６１１、桂糖１１号和新台糖１０号相比，总体表现较好，特别在蔗茎产量方面。因此，这几个品种可在福建蔗区生产应用。其他品种云蔗８１－１７３、云蔗８９－１５１和粤农８１－７６２由于产量或蔗糖分较差，不宜在漳州蔗区生产应用。 相似文献
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第二轮国家甘蔗品种区域试验总结 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过新植和宿根试验，对来自福建、广西、广东、云南、四川5省甘蔗优良品种（系）进行联合区域试验。结果表明：桂糖90／95、福农91／23、福农91／21、闽糖90／55的平均主蔗量和产糖量比对照品种新台糖10号和桂糖11号增产增糖；桂糖91／116、粤糖89／240的蔗产量高于新台糖10，而不及桂糖11号，但含糖量高于两对照；桂糖90／95的蔗产量和含糖量居参试品种之首，福农91／23和桂糖91／116的含糖量并列第二，其它3个品种的含糖量位居第三至第六。 相似文献
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本试验以桂糖８５／８、粤糖６３／２３７、桂糖１１号和桂糖１５号共４个甘蔗品种作为供试材料，于分蘖初期以０．２％（质量分数）“蔗丰灵”甘蔗高效液肥进行叶面喷施，以清水作为对照。在不同时期观察主要农艺性状及养分吸收特性，最后作统计分析。结果表明：（１）蔗丰灵处理能提高分蘖率和成茎蓄；（２）蔗丰灵处理可提高叶片中全Ｎ、全Ｐ及全Ｋ含量，能提高甘蔗产量，其增幅为１０．５－１７．６％；（３）蔗丰灵处理可提高蔗 相似文献
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全国第三轮甘蔗品种2001年联合区试，参试的15个品种出苗、分蘖、生势、蔗产量和糖产量等在云南蔗区表现出较大差异。对试验结果进行综合分析，高产、高糖品种有早熟种云蔗92／19、早中熟种云蔗89／351和粤农91／854；表现较优的品种有福农91／4710、闽糖86／2121、川糖89／103、桂糖92／262和闽糖93／246；表现一般的品种有湛江92／126、C25、湛江93／159、桂糖93／103、福农93／3608、粤糖92／373和川宁85／78。 相似文献
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采用高稳系数法对全国第3套甘蔗联合区试种在我所的试验数据进行综合分析，结果表明：高稳系数与甘蔗表现一致，高稳系数大的品种，变异系数小，公顷蔗、糖产量高；试验中云蔗92／19、粤糖93／159和云蔗89/351表现优良，川糖89/103和桂糖92／262表现较好；川宁85／78高稳系数较低，但水肥条件好时有不错的表现；闽糖86／2121、粤农91／854、福农91／4710、闽糖93／246、C25、粤糖92／126、桂糖93／103、福农93／3608和粤糖92／373等品种在性状表现上有缺陷。 相似文献
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质膜透性与丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化评价甘蔗品种抗旱性初探 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：14
通过水分胁迫下丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量与质膜透性的变化，以及模拟大田自然干旱环境下的生长、生产表现。初步评价了来自全国９个品种的耐旱、丰产怀。经试验分析，认为福农８１－７４５、云蔗８９－１５１、桂糖８９－５、粤糖８６－３６８、云蔗－８１－１７３、闽糖８８－１０３、桂糖１１、川糖１１、川蔗８１－５４８的耐旱、丰产性均优于新台糖１０（ＣＫ１）。其中云蔗８９－１５１、桂糖８９－５、福农８１－７４５的耐旱、丰 相似文献
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经过在福建省长泰县两年的生产示范，参试的12个国家甘蔗品种中闽糖86－2121，新台糖16号，闽糖88－103、闽糖93－146、闽糖76－2、福农81－745、福农83－36等7个品种，与三个对照种新台糖10号、闽糖70－611和桂糖11号比较，表现出较好的蔗茎产量和蔗糖份，且宿根性良好，适宜于漳州地区进一步推广应用。闽糖90－55，桂糖89－5蔗茎产量较好，但蔗糖份一般，需继续观察试验，奥糖85－177与三个对照相当，云蔗81－173和云蔗89－151产量一般，蔗糖份较低，不宜在漳州地区推广应用。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
13.
Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
16.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
17.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
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Rita Favas Janaína Morone Rosrio Martins Vitor Vasconcelos Graciliana Lopes 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O2•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O2•− scavenging, (IC50 = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC25 = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC50 = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC50 = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O2•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms. 相似文献
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Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献
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Chitosan is considered to be one of the most promising and applicable materials in adsorption applications. The existence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its molecules contributes to many possible adsorption interactions between chitosan and pollutants (dyes, metals, ions, phenols, pharmaceuticals/drugs, pesticides, herbicides, etc.). These functional groups can help in establishing positions for modification. Based on the learning from previously published works in literature, researchers have achieved a modification of chitosan with a number of different functional groups. This work summarizes the published works of the last three years (2012–2014) regarding the modification reactions of chitosans (grafting, cross-linking, etc.) and their application to adsorption of different environmental pollutants (in liquid-phase). 相似文献