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1.
A Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence Marker to Detect Variation in Wx Locus Conditioning Translucent Endosperm in Rice 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
CHEN Tao ZHANG Ya-dong ZHAO Ling ZHU Zhen LIN Jing ZHANG Suo-bing WANG Cai-lin 《水稻科学》2009,16(2):106-110
The translucent endosperm trait in a japonica rice variety‘Kantou 194’is controlled by a Wx-mq gene which is allelic to Wx locus by genetic analysis and allelic test.The amylose content analysis showed that an intermediate amylose content between those of glutinous and non-glutinous rice existed in endosperm of homozygous Wx-mq genotype.The slight changes of amylose content in different varieties and F1 grains with an identical Wx-mq genotype might be influenced by dissimilar genetic background.To identify ... 相似文献
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Waxy gene haplotypes: Associations with apparent amylose content and the effect by the environment in an international rice germplasm collection 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ming-Hsuan Chen Christine Bergman Shannon Pinson Robert Fjellstrom 《Journal of Cereal Science》2008,47(3):536-545
Apparent amylose content (AAC), the key determinant of rice end-use quality attributes, is primarily controlled by the Waxy gene which codes for granule bound starch synthase (GBSS). We examined the combination of sequence variation in the Waxy gene and environmental effects, and their associations with AAC using 171 rice accessions originating from 43 countries. The combination of two single-nucleotide-polymorphism (SNP) markers in the Waxy gene allows for the identification of three marker haplotypes in this gene. The first SNP is at the leader intron splice site (In1 SNP), and the second polymorphism is in exon 6. The haplotypes explained 86.7% of the variation in AAC and discriminated the three market classes of low, intermediate and high AAC rice from each other. The environment affected the AAC of all haplotypes. Higher air temperature during grain development associated with a decrease in AAC of low and intermediate AAC-types, but with an increase in AAC of high AAC-type. The association of AAC with several Waxy RM190 microsatellite-(CTn) alleles in combination with the In1 SNP was also examined. In conclusion, the Waxy haplotypes studied appear to be useful markers for selecting the AAC of breeding lines developed from the world's rice germplasm. 相似文献
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【目的】挖掘Wx新等位变异,明确Wx410新等位基因对稻米品质性状的影响。【方法】以Wxlv、Wxa和Wxb等位基因为模板,利用PCR进行第10外显子第101位碱基的A-G单点突变,分别构建了不同Wx等位背景下的Wx410定点突变植物表达载体p EGFC-Wxlv410、p EGFC-Wxa410和p EGFC-Wxb410,阳性对照组载体分别为p EGFC-Wxlv、p EGFC-Wxa和p EGFC-Wxb。通过转化糯稻品种苏御糯,分析该位点的变异对稻米品质的遗传效应。【结果】花后7 d和14 d,转基因植株p EGFC-Wxlv410,p EGFC-Wxa410及p EGFC-Wxb410的胚乳Wx基因表达量较各自的阳性对照材料无显著变化,而颗粒结合淀粉合酶活性极显著降低;转基因植株直链淀粉含量较野生型显著降低,而糊化温... 相似文献
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ZHANG Ya i Xu Ming hui ZENG Ya wen YAO Chun xin CHEN Shan na 《水稻科学》2007,14(3):189-194
There exists a single nucleotide polymorphism, G or T, at the first base of the donor splice site of waxy gene intron 1 in rice. In order to study the relationship between the first base of the donor splice site of waxy gene intron 1 and amylose content in rice, the one-step PCR method was used to determine whether it is G or T in 220 Yunnan indigenous rice varieties from 14 districts, 55 towns/counties of Yunnan Province, and 101 varieties of which were validated by the PCR-Acc I method. According to the G/T polymorphism, 164 rice varieties showed GG-genotype, while the other 56 fell into TT-genotype, accounting for 74.5% and 25.5% of all the test varieties, respectively. When all the rice varieties were divided into indica and japonica subspecies, it was found that 80.5% of indica rice and 67.0% of japonica rice belonged to GG-genotype. The rice varieties with GG-genotype had significantly higher amylose content (18.95% on average) than those with TT-genotype (all below 16%), but 33 rice varieties with GG-genotype still had low amylose content ranging from 3.91% to 15.93%, and most of them came from the Dai minority area in the Southwest of Yunnan Province. However, there was no significant difference in the mean amylose content of the same GG or TT genotypes between indica and japonica rice, suggesting that different genetic backgrounds, indica or japonica, had no effect on amylose content. The coefficient of correlation between the genotype and amylose content was 0.733 (P<0.01). 相似文献
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Apparent amylose content is a key element for characterizing a rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar for cooking quality. However, cultivars with similar apparent amylose content can have widely varying quality attributes, including major parameters of flour paste viscosity. It has been postulated that the presence of a rice Waxy gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker is associated with elevated Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) properties in specific high amylose rice cultivars. A mapping population derived from a cross between two varieties, Cocodrie and Dixiebelle, having similar high apparent amylose contents, but with different paste viscosity properties and Waxy gene markers was analyzed for the genetic segregation of various pasting properties, measured with RVA instrumentation. Marker inheritance analyses revealed that the Waxy exon 10 SNP marker was associated with the proportion of soluble to insoluble apparent amylose and most RVA pasting measurements. Waxy gene markers can be used to efficiently improve the selection of rice with desirable characteristics, particularly for superior parboiling and canning quality. 相似文献
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应用PCR一步法对来自云南省14个地州、55个市/县的220个籼、粳地方稻种Wx基因第一内含子供体+1位碱基G/T进行了检测,同时用PCR Acc I酶切法对其中的101份进行验证,结果表明两种方法检测结果一致。根据G/T碱基将220个供试材料分为GG、TT两种基因型。云南地方稻种以GG型占优势,有164个,占74.5%;TT型有56个,占255%;籼稻中80.5%属GG型,粳稻中67.0%属GG型。GG型直链淀粉含量较高,平均18.97%,TT型较低,均低于16%, GG、TT基因型之间的平均直链淀粉含量差异极显著。G/T与直链淀粉含量存在密切的联系,其相关系数为0733**。GG型品种中有33个直链淀粉含量较低（3.91%～15.93%）,多数为来源于云南西南部傣族地区的品种。籼稻中的GG型或TT型品种与粳稻中的GG型或TT型品种间平均直链淀粉含量无显著差异,表明GG/TT基因型在籼粳不同遗传背景下直链淀粉表达无显著差异。 相似文献
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利用RVA谱快速鉴别不同表观直链淀粉含量早籼稻的淀粉粘滞特性 总被引：35，自引：9，他引：35
采用粘度速测仪分析了浙江省新近培育的早籼稻新品种（系）的淀粉粘滞特性,结果表明不同品种（系）具有特征性RVA谱。依消减值可有效区分出品种（系）表观直链淀粉含量（AAC）的高低。低AAC品种（系）的消减值一般为负值,中等或高AAC品种（系）的消减值为正值。中等AAC品种（系）间食用品质的优劣,可根据消减值和崩解值判断。RVA谱的崩解值与胶稠度和米饭口感相关,消减值与米饭质地关联。上述结果表明, RVA谱特性可望作为理化标记在优质稻米育种中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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Starch digestibility and the estimated glycemic score of different types of rice differing in amylose contents 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Peisong Hu Haijun Zhao Zhiying Duan Zhang Linlin Dianxing Wu 《Journal of Cereal Science》2004,40(3):541
Three types of rice cultivars (indica, japonica and hybrid rice) with four levels of amylose were selected for assessing variability in starch digestibility. A vitro enzymatic starch digestion method was applied to estimate the glycemic index in vivo based on the kinetics of starch hydrolysis in vitro. The results indicated that significant differences in term of glycemic response were observed in three types of rice. Amylose content had an obviously impact on the estimated glycemic score (EGS) value and resistant starch (RS) content. The contents of RS were increased with the increasing amylose in the same type of rice. Japonica rice was significantly lower in RS content compared to indica rice and hybrid rice with similar amylose. The high amylose rice cultivar ZF201, which was characterized by low major RVA parameters, i.e. peak viscosity (PKV), hot paste viscosity (HPV) and cool paste viscosity (CPV), were obviously higher in RS content and lower in EGS. The retrogradation of cooked rice led to a reduction of HI and EGS of all varieties. Starch hydrolysis tends to be more quick and complete for the waxy and low amylose rice than for the intermediate and high amylose rice. 相似文献
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【目的】具有较低直链淀粉含量（5%～12%）的优良食味软米在国内市场上广受消费者欢迎,然而不同软米品种间稻米品质表现差异较大,造成这种差异的原因尚未明确。因此,有必要深入研究不同类型软米理化品质的差异及其成因。【方法】选取了江苏地区具有显著品质差异的4个软米品种、2个糯稻品种和2个常规品种（均为粳稻品种）为对象,对其稻米理化品质和淀粉结构进行了系统的比较分析。【结果】测序结果表明,软米品种南粳5055和南粳9108携带Wxmp等位基因,而软米品种香软玉和武香粳113携带跟2个常规粳稻品种相同的Wxb等位基因。品质分析表明,香软玉和武香粳113稻米较另两个软米品种中的直链淀粉含量更低,籽粒胚乳透明度更差;4个软米类稻米胚乳淀粉粒内部存在明显的孔隙,并且稻米胚乳越不透明,孔隙越明显;较低直链淀粉含量的软米食味表现更佳,这可能与低直链淀粉含量稻米具有更低的冷胶黏度、较大的崩解值和较小的消减值有关。淀粉精细结构测定表明,与常规粳稻米相比,软米的直链淀粉组分占比较低,而支链淀粉短链组分占比较高。【结论】目前江苏地区软米品种间存在显著的遗传和理化品质特性的差异,这为新型软米品种的培育和优异基因的克... 相似文献
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氮肥用量和播期对优良食味粳稻直链淀粉含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以直链淀粉含量不同的半糯粳稻新品种(系)为材料,设置高氮(450kg/hm~2)、中氮(300kg/hm~2)、低氮(150kg/hm~2)和不施肥(CK)4个氮肥水平,分期播种并进行短日照处理,研究了氮肥用量和播期对优良食味粳稻直链淀粉含量的影响。结果表明,氮肥用量对优良食味粳稻的直链淀粉含量有显著影响,随着氮肥用量的增加,直链淀粉含量有降低的趋势,两年均以高氮处理的直链淀粉含量最低。播期对优良食味粳稻的直链淀粉含量也有显著影响,随播期的推迟,直链淀粉含量呈降低趋势,这主要与抽穗后6~15d的温度有关,高温可使直链淀粉含量提高。短日照处理的结果也证实了这一点。 相似文献
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The effect of acetylation of milled rice grains of selected varieties (TDK 8, YRW 4, Reiziq, Amber 33, and SHZ 2) with varying apparent amylose contents (3.8–26.6%) on their physicochemical properties was investigated. Milled rice samples were treated with different acetic anhydride concentrations (0.004–0.04 g per 100 g of milled rice samples in 225 mL of water). Results showed that glutinous (TDK 8), very low amylose (YRW 4) and low amylose containing varieties (Reiziq) were prone to acetylation even with 0.004 g of acetic anhydride. X-ray diffraction patterns showed an increase in the crystallinity in acetylated samples and formation of V-type crystals, suggesting the possible interaction of acetic anhydride with starch. Acetylation of rice grains resulted in reduced peak and final viscosities and gel strength, particularly in glutinous (TDK 8) and very low amylose (YRW 4) rice. Differential calorimetric study showed that acetic anhydride treatment resulted in reduced thermal transition temperatures and enthalpy of all varieties. Although increase in the retrogradation thermal temperatures was observed, the enthalpy of retrogradation was reduced with increasing acetylation, suggesting that the extent of starch retrogradation was lower in all varieties with more prominent reduction in the glutinous type. Furthermore, the texture of cooked acetic anhydride treated rice grains was less hard and showed more adhesiveness. This study demonstrated that the acetylation of rice grains (instead of flour) was successfully achieved, showing the potential of applying acetylation to alter the textural, pasting, thermal and retrogradation properties of rice. 相似文献
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通过分子标记辅助选择培育优良食味水稻新品种 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9
为了培育食味品质优良、综合丰产性好的粳稻新品种,以高产粳稻品种武香粳14作母本,具有暗胚乳突变基因的优质粳稻品种关东194作父本配制杂交组合。利用与暗胚乳突变基因Wx mq直接相关的单核苷酸差异,设计合成了CAPS标记,该标记能区分含或不含Wx mq基因的纯合基因型和杂合基因型。利用该标记对武香粳14/关东194衍生的F5、F6株系进行辅助选择,筛选到含Wx mq基因的纯合基因型,成熟后对胚乳淀粉性质的调查结果与分子检测结果完全一致,分子标记辅助选择效果达100%。最终将关东194的暗胚乳突变基因Wx mq与高产基因聚合于一体,育成含有暗胚乳突变基因Wx mq的优良食味粳稻新品种南粳46。 相似文献
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The Waxy (Wx) gene is responsible for the synthesis of amylose, a key determinant of the cooking and processing qualities of rice. Polymorphisms of CT-microsatellite and G–T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Wx gene and their relationship to amylose content (Ac) were explored using 178 non-waxy rice genotypes. Nine Wx microsatellite alleles, namely (CT)10 and 11, and (CT)14–20 were identified and 11 haplotypes were recognised by different combinations of CT-microsatellite and G–T SNP. Amylose content analysed in a random set of 39 genotypes was correlated with different microsatellite alleles/haplotypes. The highest Ac levels (>30%) correlated with (CT)10 and 16, high (26–30%) with (CT)11, 15 and 20, and intermediate (21–25%) with (CT)14, in all cases with G at the G–T SNP. The CT-classes (CT)17 and 18 (mean Ac value of 21%), could be subdivided into low amylose haplotypes (16–20%) for 17T and 18T and intermediate amylose haplotypes (21–25%) for 17G and 18G. The use of haplotypes proved to discriminate between intermediate and low amylose accessions within the same microsatellite class. Analyses of a segregating population of a cross between low and high Ac parents showed that CT-microsatellite may help to classify breeding lines and identify pollen contamination. We suggest that CT-microsatellite together with G–T SNP may be used as molecular marker by breeders to develop varieties with desired amylose levels. 相似文献
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稻米表观直链淀粉含量由两对非等位基因控制 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
利用籼粳交(02428/特青)花培DH群体,研究了稻米表观直链淀粉含量(AAC)及其组成因子——热水不溶性直链淀粉含量(HISAC)和热水可溶性直链淀粉含量(HSAC)的遗传特性。结果表明,HSAC和HISAC都表现为一对主效基因遗传,且两者表现为连锁遗传关系。用Amy-s(t)表示控制HSAC的基因,用Amy-i(t)表示控制HISAC的基因,两基因的连锁遗传距离为12.9 cM。由于Amy-s(t) 和Amy-i(t)相互连锁,因此AAC在总体上表现为一对基因遗传。 相似文献
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稻米直链淀粉含量的低世代筛选方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对稻米直链淀粉含量在育种低世代遗传改良中的问题,提出了简易的碘蓝染色法:采用一定量的半粒糙米染色,按照染色后颜色由棕红到深蓝的差异,将稻米直链淀粉含量分为4个类别,分别对应的直链淀粉含量由低到高。使用该方法测定了28份供试水稻品种,染色结果与实测值呈极显著相关(r=0.95**)。利用低世代遗传群体的研究,并通过分子标记辅助验证了该方法对Wx基因筛选的准确性。22份恢复系与保持系育种亲本通过此法所得直链淀粉含量与稻米淀粉合成相关基因标记之间的符合率较高。 相似文献
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广西香稻育种现状及发展策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对21世纪以来广西香稻品种的审定情况及广西自育香稻品种的产量、品质以及抗性等进行统计分析,探明了广西香稻的育种现状及存在问题,如广西通过审定的香稻品种中自育品种较少,且多为常规稻品种;自育香稻品种的优质达标率较低,主要原因是直链淀粉含量偏低;自育香稻品种株高适中,多为大粒型品种,后期育成品种产量有所提高,主要通过育成大穗型品种来实现;自育香稻品种稻瘟病抗性整体较差,白叶枯病前期抗性表现较好、后期出现退步等。今后应加强香稻品种的选育力度,特别是杂交香稻品种的选育力度;加快香稻品种鉴定技术的研究和利用,为香稻品种的审定提供技术支撑;加强中等偏低直链淀粉含量香稻品种的选育,以市场需求为导向,制定广西优质稻米相关地方标准,特别注重直链淀粉含量标准的调整;把提高稻瘟病抗性作为香稻品种选育过程中的重点工作内容等。 相似文献