共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
本研究旨在比较饲粮不同粗蛋白质(CP)水平对育肥羔羊小肠氨基酸(AA)流量及吸收率的影响。选用体重(30.0±3.7)kg,安装有瘤胃、十二指肠近端和回肠末端瘘管的3只哈萨克羊公羔为试验动物,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,各处理饲粮CP水平分别为11.00%、12.00%和13.00%;预试期10 d,正试期10 d。采用镱锕(Yb-Ac)、锂铬乙二胺四乙酸(Li Cr-EDTA)分别作为消化道固相和液相食糜标记物测定小肠食糜流量。结果表明:提高饲粮CP水平可增加羔羊氮进食量、表观消化率和氮沉积,13.00%CP处理显著高于11.00%CP处理(P0.05),并有增加饲粮干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率的趋势(0.05≤P0.10),但不影响酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的表观消化率(P0.05)。提高饲粮CP水平虽然对小肠真食糜流量及氨基酸吸收率无显著性影响(P0.05),但十二指肠氮、总氨基酸(TAA)流量以及必需氨基酸(EAA)中精氨酸(Arg)、组氨酸(His)和赖氨酸(Lys)的吸收率在数值上有所增加。结果显示,提高饲粮CP水平有提高消化率、小肠食糜流量及氨基酸吸收率的潜在趋势。 相似文献
2.
日粮蛋白质水平对肉牛真胃营养物质流量和营养物质消化率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在研究日粮蛋白质水平对肉牛真胃食糜营养流量和营养物质表观消化率的影响。试验选择4头体重(650±20)kg,安装有瘤胃、真胃瘘管的荷斯坦(Holstein)公牛,按4×4拉丁方试验设计分别饲喂精粗比和进食量相同的4种蛋白质水平日粮,以三氧化二铬(Cr2O3)作真胃食糜标记物,全收粪法收集粪样,测定真胃食糜和粪便中的有机物(OM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)流量及在瘤胃内和真胃后段消化道(简称肠道)内的表观消化率。结果表明:日粮蛋白质水平对瘤胃及全消化道的OM、NDF和ADF表观消化率没有显著影响(P>0.05),日粮蛋白质水平显著影响真胃食糜的粗蛋白质量(P<0.05),但全消化道CP表观消化率没有差异(P>0.05)。 相似文献
3.
绵羊对含不同秸秆的全饲粮颗粒料的消化代谢 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
选用4只装有十二指肠近端套管的1岁杂种生长羯羊,按2×3交叉设计进行试验,交替饲喂以玉米Zea mays秸和苜蓿Medicago sativa为粗料(A处理)及以小麦Triticum aestivum秸和苜蓿为粗料(B处理)的等消化能(DE)、等氮全饲粮颗粒料;以Cr2O3为食糜标记物并结合全收粪、尿法,测定了绵羊十二指肠食糜流通量,瘤胃内、瘤胃后及全消化道干物质(DM)和氮的表观消化率,全消化道酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率及氮表观存留率.结果表明:十二指肠食糜流量、氮流量,瘤胃内、瘤胃后及全消化道DM和氮的消化率在2个处理间差异不显著(P>0.05),全消化道ADF和NDF消化率及氮表观存留率差异也不显著(P>0.05),但A处理全消化道DM和ADF的消化率及氮的表观存留率有大于B处理的趋势. 相似文献
4.
日粮精料进食水平对肉牛消化道营养物质流量和表观消化率的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
为了研究日粮精料进食水平对肉牛真胃食糜营养流量和营养物质表观消化率的影响,试验选择体重650kg左右荷斯坦(Holstein)公牛3头,安装有瘤胃、真胃瘘管,按3×3拉丁方实验设计分别饲喂粗料进食量相同而精料不同的3种日粮,以三氧化二铬(Cr2O3)作真胃食糜标记物,全收粪法收集粪样,测定真胃食糜和粪中的有机物(OM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)流量及在瘤胃内、真胃后段消化道(简称肠道)内的表现消化率.结果表明日粮精料进食水平对瘤胃及全消化道的OM、NDF、ADF表观消化率没有显著影响(P＞0.05),日粮精料水平明显影响到达真胃的OM和蛋白质量(P＜0.05),但全消化道CP表观消化率没有差异(P＞0.05). 相似文献
5.
瘤胃灌注大豆寡糖对绵羊消化道内营养物质流通与消化的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用连续饲喂和瘤胃连续灌注法,研究了大豆寡糖（SBOS）对绵羊消化道内营养物质流通与消化的影响。将9只安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管、十二指肠瘘管和回肠瘘管的内蒙古半细毛羯羊分为3组。试验1组每天通过瘤胃连续灌注占基础日粮风干物质0.6%的SBOS;试验2组灌注占基础日粮风干物质1.2%的SBOS;对照组不灌注SBOS。结果表明：（1）灌注SBOS提高了瘤胃液相食糜流通速率、瘤胃食糜氮流通量、瘤胃微生物氮和十二指肠MN流通量;（2）瘤胃灌注1.2%的SBOS降低了DM、OM、ADF、NDF在十二指肠、回肠、直肠的流通量（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,提高了它们在胃区、大肠中以及整个消化道的消化率（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,提高了CP在小肠中的消化率（P〈0.05）,而瘤胃灌注0.6%的SBOS组与对照组相比,各项测定指标差异不显著。 相似文献
6.
[目的]本文旨在研究不同水平的米曲霉日粮对奶牛瘤胃降解率及日粮表观消化率的影响。[方法]试验选用三头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,试验分为三组,A组为基础日粮,B组和C组分别为基础日粮添加米曲0.04%和0.08%DM。[结果]米曲霉显著提高了日粮干物质、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率,其中B组的瘤胃降解率影响效果优于A组和C组,且差异显著（P〈0.05）。三组日粮干物质和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率大小顺序为B〉C〉A,但各组间差异不显著（P〉0.05）;B组日粮CP和NDF消化率均显著高于A组和C组（P〈0.05）,但A组和C组差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。[结论]适量添加米曲霉（0.04%DM）有利于提高奶牛瘤胃DM、CP、ADF和NDF的降解率及日粮CP和NDF的表观消化率。 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究不同中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平饲粮对羔羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、消化道重量及瘤胃乳头发育的影响。选用60只体况良好,体重为（3.23±0.20）kg的初生母羔羊,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复3只羊。试验羔羊于10日龄补饲开食料,开食料NDF水平分别为12%（12NDF组）、16%（16NDF组）、20%（20NDF组）和24%（24NDF组）的饲粮。试验期60 d,饲养试验所有羔羊均随母哺乳,消化试验所有羔羊不随母哺乳。结果显示：1）随着日龄的增加,羔羊的体重极显著增加（P<0.01）;各日龄阶段日增重均差异不显著（P>0.05）;随日龄的增加,羔羊干物质采食量（DMI）极显著增加（P<0.01）,饲喂不同NDF水平饲粮,各组羔羊DMI差异不显著（P>0.05）。2）24NDF组羔羊干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）采食量和总能（GE）摄入量显著高于16NDF、20NDF组（P<0.05）。24NDF组羔羊粗蛋白（CP）采食量显著高于20NDF组（P<0.05）;24NDF组羔羊中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）采食量极显著高于20NDF组（P<0.01）,20NDF组极显著高于16NDF、12NDF组（P<0.01）;24NDF组羔羊DM、OM表观消化率显著低于12NDF、16NDF组（P<0.05）,24NDF组GE表观消化率显著低于16NDF组（P<0.05）,但20NDF、24NDF组NDF、ADF表观消化率显著或极显著高于12NDF组（P<0.05或P<0.01）;24NDF组羔羊粪能显著高于12NDF、16NDF和24NDF组（P<0.05）。各试验组CP表观消化率和消化能差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）12NDF组羔羊全胃重显著高于16NDF、20NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊瘤胃重显著高于20NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊瘤胃占宰前活重的比例显著高于16NDF、20NDF和24NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊十二指肠重及十二指肠占宰前活重的比例显著高于16NDF组（P<0.05）。其余各指标均差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述,母羔羊在0~60日龄最适的NDF水平为16%~20%。 相似文献
8.
9.
采用拉丁方试验设计,选择6头12月龄的中国荷斯坦公牛,分别喂给6种不同NDF(中性洗涤纤维)水平的日粮,(NDF在日粮中的比例分别为:30.26%、32.49%、34.74%、36.94%、39.16%、41.39%),以研究NDF对碳水化合物和蛋白质消化代谢的影响。试验表明,NDF水平对日粮ND和ADF(酸性洗涤纤维)的表观消化率有显著影响(P<0.05),日粮NDF和ADF的表观消率随日粮NDF水平的提高而升高,淀粉的消化率受日粮NDF水平的影响下大(P>0.05);NDF水平对日粮氮的利用率有明显影响(P<0.05),过高或过低均不利于氮的沉积;NDF对日粮能量的表观消化率有显著影响(P<0.05),日粮能量表观消化率随NDF水平的提高而下降。 相似文献
10.
为研究饲喂频率对生长猪总能(GE)和养分的表观回肠消化率(AID)和表观全肠道消化率(ATTD)的影响,试验将24头回肠末端安装简单T型瘘管、平均初始体重为(40.7±1.3)kg的生长猪随机分到M2组(每天饲喂2次)和M12组(每天饲喂12次),每个处理组12个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期共9 d,包括5 d适应期,2 d粪样收集期和2 d食糜收集期。结果表明:平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和耗料增重比不受饲喂频率的影响(P0.1);饲喂频率对粗灰分、干物质(DM)、粗脂肪(EE)、碳水化合物(CHO)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)以及GE的AID无显著影响(P0.1);M2组的粗灰分、DM、EE、CP、NDF和GE的ATTD显著低于M12组(P0.05);M2组EE和ADF(P0.05)、NDF(P0.01)的后肠道消化率显著低于M12组;M2组ADF和CP的ATTD以及GE的后肠道消化率有低于M12组的趋势(P0.1)。由此可见,生长猪饲喂玉米-豆粕型饲粮,GE和养分的AID不受饲喂频率的影响,但增加饲喂频率能提高GE和养分的后肠消化率和ATTD。 相似文献
11.
CHEN Ao-dong YIN Hua NIU Lu ZHENG Meng GAN Mai-lin LIU Chen-li CHEN Dao-fu GAO Wei 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(8):1998-2004
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different dietary crude protein levels on the nutrient absorbability in the small intestine of lambs.Three Kazakh lambs (30 kg body weight) fitted with permanent ruminal,duodenal and ileal fistula were selected.3×3 Latin square design was adopted.A dual-phase marker system with LiCr-EDTA and Yb-Ac as the liquid-phase or particulate-phase digesta flows maker was adopted to measure the true digesta flows at duodenal and ileal fistula,respectively.The results showed that nitrogen intake,total tract apparent digestibility,N deposition,the apparent digestibility of dry matter and organic matter were significantly increased with increasing levels of dietary crude protein (P<0.05),but had no significant effects on intestinal digesta flows (P>0.05).Increasing dietary crude protein levels had significant effects on most part of nutrients of duodenal digesta except fat and purine (P<0.05),while it only significantly effected CP,Ash,dry matter,neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fiber of ileal digesta flows (P<0.05).In addition,intestinal absorbability of nutrients except for CP,Ash,dry matter,neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fiber were significantly affected with increasing levels of dietary crude protein(P<0.05).The test provided basis for further study of the effects of dietary CP level on the digestibility and utilization of lamb. 相似文献
12.
无氮日粮纤维水平对猪内源氨基酸测值的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以醋酸纤维素为纤维源配制成粗纤维水平分别为２．０％、５．０％、８．０％的３种无氮日粮,采用３头回—直肠吻合猪,分３期试验,通过３×３拉丁方设计研究在等进食量（７５０ｇ／ｄ）条件下日粮的纤维水平对回—直肠吻合猪消化道内源氨基酸测值的影响。结果表明：除缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和胱氨酸外,无氮日粮的粗纤维水平对回肠末端食糜干物质中其他内源氨基酸含量（％）无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。而对回肠末端内源氨基酸的总排泄量影响显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）或极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。相关分析表明,粗纤维水平与各种内源氨基酸的排泄总量之间存在显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）或极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）的强相关关系,随无氮日粮中粗纤维水平的升高,各种内源氨基酸排泄量呈直线增加。 相似文献
13.
A. Ratriyanto R. Mosenthin D. Jezierny M. Eklund 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(6):788-796
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of graded dietary inclusion levels of betaine on ileal and total tract nutrient digestibilities and intestinal bacterial metabolites in piglets. A total of eight barrows with an average initial body weight of 7.9 kg were randomly allocated to one of the four assay diets with two pigs per treatment in four repeated measurement periods. The assay diets included a basal diet based on wheat, barley and soybean meal alone, or supplemented with a liquid betaine product at dietary levels of 1.5, 3.0, or 6.0 g betaine per kilogram diet (as‐fed). Ileal digestibilities of dry matter and neutral detergent fibre increased both quadratically and linearly, and ileal digestibility of glycine increased linearly as dietary betaine level increased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, total tract digestibility of crude protein increased quadratically (p < 0.05) and total tract digestibilities of most amino acids tended to increase quadratically (p = 0.06 to p = 0.11) with increasing dietary betaine level. Moreover, there were linear increases in the concentrations of most bacterial metabolites which were significant p < 0.05 for ileal d ‐lactic acid and for faecal diaminopimelic acid. The results demonstrate that dietary betaine supplementation stimulates bacterial fermentation of fibre in the small intestine and bacterial degradation of crude protein in the large intestine. 相似文献
14.
J Bartelt Anke Jadamus Frigga Wiese Ewa Swiech Lucyna Buraczewska O Simon 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》2002,56(2):93-107
Sixteen male growing pigs of about 24 kg BW were fitted with both a duodenal re-entrant and a post-valve T-shaped cannula inserted in the caecum. The animals were divided into four groups. Each group received one of the following diets: corn starch-soybean protein isolate-based diet without (diet C) and with carboxymethylcellulose (diet CMC) or a rye-wheat-based diet without (diet RW) and with xylanase addition (diet RWX). The diets provided similar levels of apparent precaecal digestible crude protein (CP), lysine, methionine + cystine, threonine and tryptophan. Additionally, [15N]-yeast was given with the diets during the first 10 days of the experiment. For estimation of digesta viscosity, N-flow of dietary and endogenous origin, apparent precaecal digestibilities of dry matter (DM), CP, amino acids and non starch polysaccharides (NSP) (only in pigs fed diets RW and RWX), ileal and duodenal digesta were quantitatively collected on day 16 and 17, respectively. The endogenous N-proportion was measured by the ratio of 15N enrichment in the digesta and urine. The duodenal and ileal digesta supernatant viscosity increased as carboxymethylcellulose was included into the diet. Xylanase addition to the rye-wheat based diet reduced the viscosity in the ileal digesta. There were no differences in precaecal digestibilities of DM, CP and amino acids between diet C and CMC. The precaecal digestibilities of DM and soluble and insoluble NSP increased from 69.5% to 73.9%, from 1.3% to 47.9% and from 17.0% to 35.4%, respectively, as xylanase was added to the rye-wheat-based diet. The apparent precaecal digestibility of most essential amino acids increased by 2 to 5 percent units. The amounts of endogenous N at the duodenal level were estimated to be 158, 233, 313 and 276 mg per 12 h per kg0.75 BW of pigs fed diets C, CMC, RW and RWX, respectively. The corresponding values at the ileal level were 95, 107, 164 and 150 mg per 12 h per kg0.75 BW. For endogenous N amounts, significant differences were observed between diets C and CMC (duodenum) and also between semi-purified and cereal-based diets (duodenum and ileum). Methodological aspects for the estimation of endogenous N using the isotope dilution technique are discussed. Obviously, the digesta viscosity per se does not affect the nutrient absorption and endogenous N flow within the small intestine of pigs. Other properties of complex dietary fibre, digesta passage rate or bacterial activity probably contribute to the observed changes. 相似文献
15.
大叶麻竹笋壳饲用价值的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验采用化学分析法和尼龙袋法测定了大叶麻竹笋壳的有机物(OM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗灰分(Ash)和钙(Ca)、磷(P)含量,以及在山羊瘤胃内干物质和有机物的降解率。结果表明:大叶麻竹笋壳各常规养分含量(绝干基础)为OM 95.7204%、CP 8.1185%、NDF 78.904 4%、ADF 45.742 3%、Ash 4.279 3%、Ca 0.119 0%、P 0.148 7%,山羊瘤胃内的干物质和有机物的有效降解率分别为DM 29.5577%、OM 25.9155%。 相似文献
16.
选择母体体格和体况相近，犊牛健康、出生体重和体尺相近的荷斯坦公犊牛10头，随机分为2组（n=5），分别补饲玉米秸秆（CFS）和青干草(H)，通过消化试验和饲养试验，探讨了犊牛哺乳期补饲不同品质的饲草对营养物质摄入量、消化率和生长发育的影响。定量饲喂牛奶，自由采食精料和饲草。结果显示：断奶时，2组牛精料采食量基本一致；粗料采食量H组高于CFS组(554.4 g/d和172.0 g/d,P<0.01)；H组干物质采食量高于CFS组13.4%，但差异不显著(P>0.05)。H组DM和EE消化率略高于CFS组(P>0.05)。H组NDF、ADF消化率比CFS组分别提高了17.53%(P<0.01)、101.26%(P<0.01)，但总干物质、粗蛋白质等其他营养物质消化率无明显差异( P>0.05)。H组日增重比CFS组提高了8.19%（696.3 g/d和753.2 g/d，P>0.05）；胸围、胸宽增量分别提高了5.20%、78.26%，但差异均不显著（P>0.05）；体高、体长增量组间无明显差异（P>0.05）。另外，观察到补饲H的犊牛后躯发育明显优于补饲CFS。结果表明：哺乳期间补饲青干草，可提高断奶时犊牛干物质采食量和营养物质消化率，特别是纤维性物质的摄入和消化；有利于小母牛更早、更多地利用粗饲料，有利于其向乳用方向发育。 相似文献
17.
Amy L Petry Nichole F Huntley Michael R Bedford John F Patience 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(7)
In theory, supplementing xylanase in corn-based swine diets should improve nutrient and energy digestibility and fiber fermentability, but its efficacy is inconsistent. The experimental objective was to investigate the impact of xylanase on energy and nutrient digestibility, digesta viscosity, and fermentation when pigs are fed a diet high in insoluble fiber (>20% neutral detergent fiber; NDF) and given a 46-d dietary adaptation period. A total of 3 replicates of 20 growing gilts were blocked by initial body weight, individually housed, and assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments: a low-fiber control (LF) with 7.5% NDF, a 30% corn bran high-fiber control (HF; 21.9% NDF), HF + 100 mg xylanase/kg (HF + XY [Econase XT 25P; AB Vista, Marlborough, UK]) providing 16,000 birch xylan units/kg; and HF + 50 mg arabinoxylan-oligosaccharide (AXOS) product/kg (HF + AX [XOS 35A; Shandong Longlive Biotechnology, Shandong, China]) providing AXOS with 3–7 degrees of polymerization. Gilts were allowed ad libitum access to fed for 36-d. On d 36, pigs were housed in metabolism crates for a 10-d period, limit fed, and feces were collected. On d 46, pigs were euthanized and ileal, cecal, and colonic digesta were collected. Data were analyzed as a linear mixed model with block and replication as random effects, and treatment as a fixed effect. Compared with LF, HF reduced the apparent ileal digestibility (AID), apparent cecal digestibility (ACED), apparent colonic digestibility (ACOD), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), NDF, and hemicellulose (P < 0.01). Relative to HF, HF + XY improved the AID of GE, CP, and NDF (P < 0.05), and improved the ACED, ACOD, and ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose (P < 0.05). Among treatments, pigs fed HF had increased hindgut DM disappearance (P = 0.031). Relative to HF, HF + XY improved cecal disappearance of DM (162 vs. 98 g; P = 0.008) and NDF (44 vs. 13 g; P < 0.01). Pigs fed xylanase had a greater proportion of acetate in cecal digesta and butyrate in colonic digesta among treatments (P < 0.05). Compared with LF, HF increased ileal, cecal, and colonic viscosity, but HF + XY decreased ileal viscosity compared with HF (P < 0.001). In conclusion, increased insoluble corn-based fiber decreases digestibility, reduces cecal fermentation, and increases digesta viscosity, but supplementing xylanase partially mitigated that effect. 相似文献
18.
试验旨在研究发酵0、3、7、15、30 d的全混合日粮(TMR)对瘤胃降解特性以及小肠消化率的影响。选用3头体重为550 kg左右、安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛,采用尼龙袋法和三步体外法测定发酵全混合日粮(FTMR)的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的瘤胃降解率以及瘤胃未降解蛋白(RUP)的小肠消化率。结果表明:随着发酵时间的延长,FTMR饲料的DM含量显著降低(P<0.05);随着发酵时间的延长,显著提高FTMR的DM、CP、NDF的瘤胃降解率(P<0.05)和CP、NDF的快速降解部分(P <0.05);同时发酵显著降低RUP的小肠消化率(P <0.05)。综上可知,全混合日粮提高了DM、CP和NDF在瘤胃中的瘤胃降解率,15、30 d的FTMR各营养成分的瘤胃降解性较好;RUP的小肠消化率随发酵时间的延长开始逐渐降低,7d之后降低最为明显。因此,应控制好TMR的发酵时间,以便更有效地利用饲料资源。 相似文献