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1.
2006-2007年通过对14个臂形草品种的生产性能和品质特性的研究,旨在筛选出适宜于热带、亚热带地区种植的高产、优质牧草品种,为热带水土保持和畜牧业的持续发展提供依据,结果表明,1)所引种牧草的存活率、越冬率都在97%以上,说明所引种牧草的适应性强;除MG-4珊状臂形草感染了叶锈病以外,其他牧草的抗病虫害能力强。2)种植第1年Mulato 1杂交臂形草干物质产量最高为(34.84±3.98) t/hm2 ,与刚果臂形草、Mekong珊状臂形草、杂交臂形草、MG-5×Araes珊状臂形草、MG-5 Vitoria珊状臂形草、MG-4珊状臂形草、Mulato 2杂交臂形草之间差异不显著。3)相关性分析表明,丛径、叶长、叶宽、株高、叶/茎、种子产量与地上生物量呈正相关,对地上生物量的影响大小为:叶宽＞种子产量＞叶/茎＞株高＞叶长＞丛径。4)选择干草产量、粗蛋白、适口性、抗逆性作为综合评价供试品种优劣的指标,用灰色关联法评价牧草,结果表明,杂交旗草、Mulato 1杂交臂形草、Mekong珊状臂形草、Mulato 2杂交臂形草、MG-5×Araes珊状臂形草、刚果臂形草、MG-5 Vitoria珊状臂形草居前7位,它们属高产、质优、适口性好、抗性强的高产优质牧草品种。 相似文献
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对9个热带牧草在个旧干热河谷进行区域种植试验研究。选择平均产量、粗蛋白、相对饲料价值等作为综合评价指标。结果表明：平均干草产量排在前5名的品种是大黍(Mombasa)、盖世虎尾草(Gallide)、俯仰臂形草(Common)、牧用狗牙根(Common)和大黍(Gatton),分别为40.002 t/hm2、38.345 t/hm2、36.728 t/hm2、31.609 t/hm2和29.515 t/hm2。生产性能综合评价指标排在前5位的是牧用狗牙根(Common)、大黍(Megamax 059)、盖世虎尾草(Gallide)、杂交臂形草(Mulato II)和铺地狼尾草(Whittet),属高产、质优、抗性好的优质牧草品种，可在气候相似的区域推广应用。 相似文献
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于2006年对10个大黍(Panicum maximum)品种的生产性能和品质特性进行区域试验研究,旨在筛选出适宜于热带、亚热带地区种植的高产、优质牧草,以期为热区畜牧业的持续发展提供依据。结果表明,1）所引种牧草的存活率、越冬率都在94%以上,说明所引种牧草的适应性强;2）除TD 58坚尼草、坦桑尼亚大黍和热研8号坚尼草感染了叶锈病以外,其他牧草的抗病虫害能力均较强;3）种植第1年,坦桑尼亚大黍干物质产量最高,为45.33 t·hm-2,与MG 7 Aries大黍、MG 6 Atlas大黍、蒙巴萨大黍、热研8号坚尼草、热研9号坚尼草和TD 58坚尼草之间差异不显著;4）选择干草产量、粗蛋白、适口性和抗逆性作为综合评价供试品种优劣的指标,用灰色关联法评价牧草,结果表明,蒙巴萨大黍、坦桑尼亚大黍、热研8号坚尼草、MG 6 Atlas大黍和TD 58坚尼草居前5位,它们属高产、质优、适口性好、抗性强的高产优质牧草品种。 相似文献
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4个臂形草品种在闽南地区的生育特性及其相对饲用价值研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
对4个臂形草Brachiaria品种进行3年的生育特性及其品质分析,结果表明,参试品种均可在闽南地区越夏越冬,热研3号和热研6号的开花期均在6月上中旬,杂交臂形草Mulato1与Mulato2开花期比热研6号推迟2个月左右;年均草产量以杂交臂形草Mulato1最高,鲜草产量与热研6号臂形草达极显著水平;营养成分分析结果显示,参试品种分蘖期粗蛋白含量以杂交臂形草Mulato1最高,达9.38%,粗脂肪和钙含量以热研6号最高,相对饲用价值均达100%左右。杂交臂形草Mulato1可作为刈割型牧草在闽南地区推广种植。 相似文献
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2005、2006和2007年,分别在景洪市嘎洒镇选取海拔为550、560和846 m的3个试验点,种植新引进的杂交臂形草1号（Brachiaria brizantha Mulato 1)、杂交臂形草2号（B.brizantha Mulato 2)、热研3号俯仰臂形草（B.decumbens cv.Reyan No.3）和热研6号珊状臂形草（B.brizantha cv.Reyan No.6）,进行比较试验。结果表明,4种牧草均有分蘖数多、产量高、生产性能稳定,营养价值高、适口性好、容易刈割,抗病力强、对土壤和气候条件的要求不高、适应性强、容易种植、便于推广等优点。热研3号俯仰臂形草、热研6号珊状臂形草根系发达,利于控制水土流失,也有利于草地防火,一次种植可长期受益,建议在西双版纳州、德宏州和海南省推广种植;杂交臂形草1号和杂交臂形草2号出苗快、孕穗期长、抽穗期晚、茎叶比小、适口性更好、消化利用效率更高,建议重点推广应用。 相似文献
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怒江干热河谷牧草适应性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在云南怒江干热河谷地区对引进的16个禾本科热带牧草进行区域适应性研究,结果表明,参试的 16个牧草品种(品系)均能适应云南怒江干热河谷气候。在产量方面,红象草(Pennisetum purpureum cv. Red)产量最高,干草产量达35 915.00 kg/hm2,极显著高于参试的其他15个牧草品种（P<0.01）。其次是热研8号坚尼草（Panicum maximum cv.Reyan No.8）、热研9号坚尼草(P.maximum CIAT 9)、TD 58坚尼草(P.maximum cv.TD 58)和热研6号珊状臂形草（Brachiaria brizantha cv.Reyan No.6）,以上4个牧草品种产量之间差异不显著（P>0.05）,但显著高于杂交臂形草(B.hybrid)（P<0.05）,极显著高于参试的其他10个牧草品种。红象草、热研8号坚尼草、热研9号坚尼草、TD 58坚尼草、热研6号珊状臂形草等牧草品种饲草产量高、生长迅速、刈割再生能力强、抗旱性强,适宜在干热河谷地区推广种植。 相似文献
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臂形草属牧草产草量及饲用价值研究 总被引：17，自引：3，他引：14
研究8个臂形草属牧草的产草量、营养及饲用价值.结果表明,干草产量以网脉臂形草最高(2481kg/hm2·a),CIAT6095刚果臂形草次之(20986kg/hm2·a).除网脉臂形草的产草量和生长速度仅在10月出现一个峰值外,其他参试品种均在2月和10月分别出现两个高峰.营养价值和饲用价值以营养生长期最高,随着生长期的延长而逐渐降低.在营养生长期,网脉臂形草粗蛋白质含量为9.93%,营养价值13.64,饲用价值20.14.作为高品质禾本科牧草的适宜利用时期为营养生长期. 相似文献
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为探讨C4牧草在北亚热带的适应性和生产性能,筛选出适合北亚热带中山地区种植的牧草,于2009年5-11月,对宽叶雀稗Paspalum wettsteinii、威提特东非狼尾草Pennisetumclandestinum cv.Whittet、纳罗克非洲狗尾草Setaria sphacelata cv.Narok和贝斯莉斯克伏生臂形草Brachiaria decumbens cv.Basilisk进行田间栽培试验,研究各种群产草量、营养成分、高度和密度等指标的动态变化。结果表明:1)臂形草和非洲狗尾草的干物质产量显著高于宽叶雀稗和东非狼尾草(P0.05);饲草供应集中于7月中旬-9月底;2)非洲狗尾草粗蛋白产量显著高于其他3种牧草(P0.05);3)4种牧草品质营养期优于开花期,适宜于营养期刈割。对各指标综合评价后初步认为,4种牧草的种植表现由好到差依次为非洲狗尾草、臂形草、宽叶雀稗和东非狼尾草。 相似文献
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臂形草品种及其营养价值初评(简报) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
臂形草(Brachiaria spp.),又名旗草(英名Palisadegrass或Signalgrass),全属约50种,我国产6种,其中海南产2种,是世界热带、亚热带地区优良的放牧和水保兼用型牧草,在南、中美洲和东南亚等地区均有种植[1]。二十世纪,由国际热带农业中心(CIAT)育成MulatoⅠ和MulatoⅡ臂形草,现由墨西哥在全球推广;在澳大利亚和泰国的臂形草(Brachiaria decumbenth cv.Baslisk)已成为重要的种子生产基地。臂形草在印度尼西尼作为放牧草种进行林下种植。 相似文献
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《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2013,30(4):201-208
Annual medic (Medicago spp.) pastures are widely used as the forage component of crop rotation systems in the Mediterranean region of South Africa. Reliable establishment of medics can be challenging. This may be related to poor soil quality, an inherent problem of soils in the region often aggravated by poor management. The aim of this study was to determine the underlying soil quality factors that result in classifying soils as having low, medium and high medic pasture production potential. The study was carried out on two farms that have followed crop/pasture rotation systems for the past 20 years. Two growing seasons (2015 and 2016) were evaluated on areas within fields that were identified to have poor, medium and high production potential. Soil samples were taken to evaluate soil quality and to determine the medic seed density in soil. Above-ground seed production and herbage production were monitored during the growing season. The low productivity soils had the lowest below-and above-ground seed density, medic seedlings establishment and medic herbage yield. Soil sodicity was one of the main factors decreasing pasture productivity. In a production system where medics need to regenerate effectively following good seed production, soil sodicity may be especially detrimental. 相似文献
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Bauer B Blank J Heile C Schein E Clausen PH 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2006,119(9-10):421-424
A fence of black mosquito netting of 100 cm height, pre-treated with 80 mg/m2 of deltamethrin and UV-protected, was used to shelter horses from nuisance and biting insects on pasture in northern Brandenburg. The netting material was attached to the surrounding poles of the existing fences at a height of 15 cm above ground. Three trial groups were selected grazing in spatially separated areas with comparable densities of insect populations. One paddock was completely fenced apart from a wall of 170 cm height and 70 m length. The second pasture had only partial protection with 126 m (13.4%) of fence out of a total perimeter of 942 m. The third pasture served as control. Trap catches outside the fully or partially protected pasture were by at least 60% lower than those recorded for the control pasture. Digital pictures from five different anatomical regions indicated fewer flies on horses kept at the completely or partially protected areas as compared to the control area. The average attack rate in the protected areas amounted to 4.4 and 7.6 flies per horse at the completely or partially protected areas, respectively, as opposed to horses on the control pasture with 172.1 flies. In comparison to the control pasture the horses grazing on the protected areas showed fewer defensive movements, grazing in an undisturbed manner. 相似文献
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Phosphorus deficiency was diagnosed in a 90 cow seasonal supply dairy herd which showed low milk production, ill-thrift, infertility and osteophagia. Serum inorganic phosphorus and pasture phosphorus levels were low, pasture Ca:P ratios high and soil phosphorus levels very low; the soil phosphate retention value was 96%. The deficiency, which had probably existed for several years, was considered to be due to inadequate annual phosphate fertiliser applications on a high phosphate retaining soil. Phosphorus deficiency may have been exacerbated by the application of lime without phosphate several months before the onset of severe clinical disease. The finding of low sodium levels in pasture samples suggested that sodium deficiency may have co-existed and contributed to the clinical picture. Treatment, comprising bone flour dusting of pasture, water trough supplementation and phosphorus-containing injections, appeared to induce ovarian activity in anoestrous cows and suppress osteophagia, though controlled treatment trials were not performed. No improvement was noted in milk production or cow condition. Increased annual super-phosphate and reduced potassium applications were recommended, together with the monitoring of pasture and soil macro elements and serum phosphorus levels. A decision on whether to supplement with sodium would be based on the results of pasture monitoring, since a direct animal test is not currently available. It is suggested that phosphorus deficiency may not be uncommon in dairy herds in some North Island districts; based on the present case, the decline in New Zealand superphosphate quality in the 1970's and recently published data which has shown a high proportion of pasture phosphorus deficient sites in some North Island areas. 相似文献
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4个白羊草居群产量及营养品质等特性的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为选育出优良的白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng)品种,对4个白羊草居群在山西晋中地区进行比较试验。分别对其播种当年的生育期、生产性能、营养品质进行了研究。结果表明:4个白羊草居群在晋中地区播种当年均能完成整个生育期,具有较强的生态适应性。在生产性能方面,太谷居群具有最高的鲜草、干草产量和干鲜比,其次是平定居群,而代县和平鲁居群表现一般;在营养品质方面,太谷居群同样优于其他居群,其粗蛋白(CP)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)含量均为最高,而中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均为最低,茎叶比较低。综合分析表明,太谷居群表现最好,具有较大的选育驯化潜力。 相似文献
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《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2020,73(6):776-785
Agrosilvopastoral systems have been promoted as sustainable models that combine crops, livestock grazing, and forestry in the same area. We hypothesize that agrosilvopastoral systems can improve soil C and N stocks over time. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the changes in soil C and N stocks after conversion of low-productivity pasture into well-managed pasture and agrosilvopastoral land in the Brazilian Cerrado. Soil samples were collected in 2016 and 2018 at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm depths from the following areas: integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF), marandu grass (Brachiaria brizantha) monoculture (MAR), low productivity pasture of signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) monoculture (PAST), and native vegetation (NV; “Cerrado”). The C and N content and stocks, 13C natural abundance, and C contents in the physical and chemical fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) were measured. The ICLF and MAR systems promoted faster recovery of soil C and N stocks at all soil depths compared with PAST. The C content of the free light fraction of SOM under the ICLF and MAR systems increased, reaching values similar to NV up to 20 cm. The C content was higher in the humin fraction at all depths in all areas, and for this measurement, the ICLF system performed remarkably compared with PAST at a depth of 5−10 cm. Our findings support the hypothesis that conversion of low-productivity pasture into agrosilvopastoral and actively managed pasture systems leads to improvements in soil quality and C and N stocks in the Brazilian Cerrado. 相似文献
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AIM: To measure the nutritive value of pasture in terms of digestible energy (DE) intake (DEI) and dry matter (DM) digestibility, and to determine the apparent absorption of macroelements in lactating Thoroughbred mares grazed on pasture. METHODS: DM intake (DMI) and DEI were determined from daily faecal DM output measured in grazing mares, divided by the DM indigestible fraction (1-digestible DM), measured in a digestibility trial using pasture-fed mares. Eight lactating mares and their foals, that had a mean age of 40 days, were grazed separately on 50x100 m areas of pasture and daily faecal DM outputs were recorded for 8 days. Five mares and their foals were then placed in individual bare 20x20 m corrals containing custom-made feeding stations for 14 days to determine the indigestible DM fraction. DM, gross energy content, crude protein (CP), soluble carbohydrate, acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), lipid, and macroelement composition of the pasture offered and faeces were determined and their digestibility and/or apparent absorption calculated. RESULTS: DM digestibility of the pasture was 0.6 and the DMI and DEI of a grazing 560 kg mare in early lactation nursing a foal growing at 1.34 kg/day was 13.6 (SE 0.8) kg/day and 146.9 (SE 8.4) MJ DE/day, respectively. Apparent absorptions of the macroelements measured were: Ca 0.75, P 0.43, Mg 0.63, Na 0.78, and K 0.72. CONCLUSIONS: Good quality ryegrass-white clover pasture that had a DE content of 10.8 MJ/kg DM, and a macroelement composition (g/kg) of Ca 3.33, P 3.0, Mg 1.67, Na 1.67, and K 24.2, will provide adequate DMI, DEI, and macroelement intake to lactating Thoroughbred mares. 相似文献
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A method of sampling pasture to estimate the numbers of infective nematode larvae to which grazing cattle were exposed was based on the grazing patterns and behavioural activities of two groups of cattle and was compared with other sampling techniques. Each group of cattle consisted of six permanent members, two members fistulated at the oesophagus and one worm-free tracer calf. Grazing time and the area where grazing occurred was not significantly different for tracer calves, fistulated cattle and permanent group members, and there was no relationship between grazing time and the live weight of cattle. Grazing time, the percentage of paddock area grazed intensively and the percentage of the paddock not grazed varied with season. The most intensively grazed areas were always visited between first light and the first rest period during mid-morning, and the plant parts and pasture species eaten could easily be identified by visual examination of these areas of the paddock. Larval recoveries per 100 g pasture ingested were estimated for comparison with the grazing area method using two other manual pasture sampling methods, a sampling method using tracer calves and one using fistulated calves. Correlations between these methods were not consistent but indicated that, given the small number of data sets, all methods were sensitive enough to estimate larval availability on pasture with the exception of the tracer calf method in the overstocked 3.4-ha paddock. 相似文献
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N. H. Jørgensen G. Steinheim Ø. Holand 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2016,66(2):99-105
In Norway, approximately 2 million sheep are released for summer grazing onto highly heterogeneous outer-fields. The crossbred Norwegian White Sheep (NWS) is dominating, whereas the lighter short-tailed gregarious Spælsau (SP) is the second most abundant of the total Norwegian sheep population. We fitted 51 ewes with GPS collars in two contrasting alpine environment, Spekedalen (poor pasture) and Brathøa sauhavnelag (rich pasture), during the summer grazing seasons 2013 and 2014. We modelled breed differences in summer area use and found no significant effect of breed or pasture quality. No breed?* pasture interaction was found. Information of pasture quality and breed characteristics is vital to understand the resource–animal interplay and may prove important for sheep management. 相似文献