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Marko Lovrić Mercedes Rois-Díaz Michael den Herder Andrea Pisanelli Nataša Lovrić Paul J. Burgess 《Agroforestry Systems》2018,92(4):863-876
The factors that determine the implementation of four alternative agroforestry practices or no agroforestry on a theoretical 200 ha farm in Mediterranean Europe were examined using an analytic network process (ANP) model. The four agroforestry practices considered were implementation of a form of (i) high natural and cultural value agroforestry, (ii) agroforestry with high value trees, and agroforestry for (iii) arable and (iv) livestock systems. The ANP model was developed in a participatory manner through a systematic series of quantitative questionnaires and workshops with agroforestry researchers. In general, all the Mediterranean agroforestry systems were associated with high benefits and opportunities, but also with high costs and high risks. The greatest benefits were attributed to high natural and cultural value agroforestry systems, which greatly contributed to the highest priority of this system. Overall ranking of priorities for the agroforestry management alternatives show robustness in the sensitivity analysis. The “no agroforestry” land use became the preferred option when costs were given a weighting of 0.50 or greater. 相似文献
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Analysis of existing agroforestry practices in Madhupur Sal forest: an assessment based on ecological and economic perspectives 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A study was conducted in Madhupur sal forest of Tangail, Bangladesh to identify the suitable agroforestry practices of the
area. Considering the ecological aspects of different agroforestry practices 10 sample plots (10 m × 10 m) from each land
uses were taken, including natural forest to get a comparative scenario. The study showed that among the different agroforestry
practices, Margalef and Shannon-Weiner index values are the maximum for pineapple agroforestry and lower for banana agroforestry,
and Evenness index value is the maximum for lemon agroforestry. Determination of tree biomass in different land uses revealed
that it is highest (3 078.6 kg/100 m2) in natural forest followed by pineapple agroforestry, lemon agroforestry and banana agroforestry. Soil pH, moisture content,
organic matter, organic carbon, phosphorus and total nitrogen showed statistically significant variation while bulk density,
particle density, sulphur and potassium did not show any statistically significant variation among the land uses. Soil fertility
status showed that pineapple agroforestry is more fertile than rest of other land uses. The Net Present Value (NPV) indicated
that banana agroforestry is financially more profitable than other two systems, while the Benefit-Cost ratio (BCR) is higher
in pineapple agroforestry (4.21 in participatory agroforestry and 3.35 in privately managed land). Even though banana agroforestry
gives higher NPV, capital required for this practice is much higher. The findings suggest that pineapple agroforestry has
a tendency towards becoming ecologically and economically more sound than other two practices as it has better ecological
attributes and required comparatively low investment. 相似文献
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通过概述复合农林业基本内涵、中国林业可持续发展战略及六大林业工程建设与复合农林业的关系.说明复合农林业发展机遇.并结合复合农林业及其相关学科的发展趋势,从研究尺度、研究手段、研究方式、研究地域和热点研究内容等方面,提出我国未来复合农林业研究展望. 相似文献
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笔者运用灰色理论对辽西北3种典型农林复合模式内的代表性因子进行了综合效益比较分析,结果表明:用综合等权指标δ1和侧重生态效益变权指标δ2,侧重经济效益变权指标δ3所得到的评判结果一致,即3种农林复合模式中,大扁杏—花生—玉米的改良效果、生态效益和经济效益最好,樟子松—花生相对较好,大扁杏—麻英草次之。大扁杏—花生—玉米农林复合模式是辽西北地区土地开发利用、土壤改良、水土保持及发展种植业的最佳途径。 相似文献
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农林系统经济评价方法的探讨 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
本文从经济学角度对农林系统的经济评价方法进行了探讨和研究。介绍了农林系统的涵义及其经济特征,农林系统经济评价的目的、内容及其特点,并重点讨论了收益成本分析、生产函数边际分析和经济可行性分析在农林系统经济评价中的具体应用。 相似文献
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复合农林业技术创新的探讨 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
确定了复合农林业的新概念及产业性、本质性、尺度性、最优性等特性,概述了复合农林业技术创新研究及应用的现状和新一轮复合农林业技术创新研究的基本情况。在此基础上,分析了复合农林业研究在主攻方向、技术路线、研究内容、技术关键、新理论及方法体系等技术创新的六大内容,提出了复合农林业技术创新的量化、优化、物化、简化、产业化五大评价标准及当前需要研究的五大课题,为加强技术创新、发展高科技、实现复合农林业的产业化提供了理论依据和可行性的操作方案。 相似文献
8.
In the United States, agroforestry adoption has lagged behind progress in agroforestry systems research. This study sought
to facilitate the communication of landowner land management objectives, values, knowledge and perceptions of the barriers
and benefits to agroforestry through applied social marketing research methods and market segmentation analysis. A mail survey
instrument was sent to 250 members of the Pennsylvania Association of Sustainable Agriculture (PASA) and 250 members of Woodland
Owner Associations (WOA). Current management objectives and production strategies, agroforestry awareness, agroforestry interest,
and perceptions regarding the benefits and obstacles to agroforestry adoption were gauged. Market segmentation was performed
with a two-step cluster analysis to produce four agroforestry adoption potential models: Timber-Related Practices, Livestock-Related
Practices, Specialty Crop-Related Practices, and Non-Adopters. The analyses showed that agroforestry practices could satisfy
specific land management objectives within diverse populations. The method effectively identified similarities in agroforestry
adoption scenarios. Market segmentation could be utilised as a social marketing tool to guide future policy development, scientific
research, and the efficacy and relevance of future agroforestry research and outreach programs. The next step in program development
should include the creation of a statewide multidisciplinary team comprised of university, non-profit association and landowner
representation, to develop agroforestry applications relevant to each cluster and promote the practices through landowner-led
on-farm demonstrations and workshops. 相似文献
9.
Research was conducted in Alutilla Valley in eastern Bangladesh to identify the nature of existing agroforestry systems and to identify potential agroforestry models that could ameliorate currently degrading forest resources Data were collected through farmer participatory research and a structured quarterly survey in two villages. Qualitative and supplementary quantitative analysis methods were used to assess the financial potential of agroforestry systems. Various patterns of agroforestry exist in the study site, but all have two common principles, namely ‘integration with agriculture’ and ‘multi-functionality’. Two agroforestry models suitable for adoption by farmers have been identified. Multi-strata agroforestry, based on a fruit and timber tree canopy with vegetables and tuber species in the understorey, can be practiced in the shifting cultivation fields near settlements. Fruit and timber tree-based conservation agroforestry is well suited to manage large-scale biologically depleted landscapes. Both systems yield early financial returns, facilitating the change from shifting cultivation to multi-strata agroforestry or fruit and tree-based conservation agroforestry. 相似文献
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Shibu Jose 《Agroforestry Systems》2011,83(2):101-105
Indigenous knowledge has influenced native species selection in agroforestry systems worldwide. However, scientific advancements
in plant sciences, agroforestry technologies and trade have accelerated species movements and establishment beyond their native
range. Managing native and non-native species is an important area of research in agroforestry and this thematic issue includes
13 papers that cover a range of topics from the role of non-native species in agroforestry to management interventions to
improve yield. As evident from these papers, non-native plants are still an important component of agroforestry in many parts
of the world. Whether native or non-native, management interventions can increase the economic, environmental and social
values of these species and that of agroforestry. Collectively, these papers attest to the increasing body of foundational
knowledge in agroforestry. 相似文献
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混农林业历史发展概述 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
混农林业历经了游耕制和轮垦制，间作、套种制，混林农业和现代混农林业等发展阶段。混农林业的发展方向是经营模式多样化、系列化，经营技术集约化、科学化。 相似文献
14.
This paper examines how agroforestry-based farming systems evolved in the Dhanusha district of Nepal following the conversion of forest into agriculture during the early 1950s. Some data are from two focus group discussions with agroforestry farmers and one meeting with agroforestry experts. The farmers?? discussion traced the development of farming practices from 1950 to 2010 to identify the drivers of land use change. The experts?? discussion resulted in a scale to differentiate the prevailing farming systems in the study area considering five key components of agroforestry: agricultural crops, livestock, forest tree crops, fruit tree crops and vegetable crops. Data related to the system components were collected from the randomly selected households. The study reveals that land use had generally changed from very simple agriculture to agroforestry, triggered by infrastructure development, technological innovations, institutional support (subsidies and buy-back guarantees) and extension programs. A range of farming systems with varying degrees of integration was evident in the study area: simple agriculture; less integrated agroforestry; semi-integrated agroforestry and highly integrated agroforestry. The three types of agroforestry systems, which are the focus of this study, varied significantly in terms of farm size, cropping intensity, use of farm inputs, tree species diversity, tree density, home to forest distance and agricultural labour force. 相似文献
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In an effort to assess agroforestry adoption potential among a diverse Pennsylvania landowner population, a mail survey instrument
was sent to 250 members of the Pennsylvania Association of Sustainable Agriculture (PASA) and 250 members of Woodland Owner
Associations (WOA). Current management objectives and production strategies, agroforestry awareness, agroforestry interest,
and perceptions regarding the benefits and obstacles to agroforestry adoption were gauged. Market segmentation was performed
with a two-step cluster analysis to produce four agroforestry adoption potential models: Timber-Related Practices, Livestock-Related
Practices, Specialty Crop-Related Practices, and Non-Adopters. The analyses showed that agroforestry practices could indeed
satisfy specific land management objectives within diverse populations. The key to outreach success and adoption will be to
engage these landowner groups according to their unique interests and values, and to demonstrate the potential agroforestry
has to enhance existing objectives. 相似文献
17.
Introduction of two systems of agroforestry to the farmers portfolio is evaluated for their changes in cropping pattern, input
use, income generation, farmers attitude towards risk and nutrient availability. Two different types of farmers are studied
under both irrigated and dryland farming systems. Farm survey data collected from south Indian villages have been used with
a mean-variance framework to identify the risk aversion levels of farmers. The results indicate that the risk-taking preferences
of farmers should be given consideration in evaluating the impact of agroforestry systems. Among the two agroforestry systems
analyzed, the one with drumstick is shown to increase the risk of crop production while the one with leucaena reduces the
risk and enables farmers to invest in more risky cash crops. The impact of agroforestry on crop allocation, input use and
income differs due to the differences in resource availability of farmers. The influence of agroforestry on nutrient availability
of the farm households also differs based on the components of agroforestry, orientation of farming and the nature of farming
systems. It is argued that design of agroforestry systems should consider differences in resource constraints in farming systems
and risk attitudes of farmers towards their allocation decisions and that such considerations would largely enhance the successful
adoption of agroforestry in developing countries. 相似文献
18.
Anthony Young 《Agroforestry Systems》1987,5(3):277-291
ICRAF's main contributions to research related to soils have been a symposium, Soils Research in Agroforestry; a review of soil productivity aspects of agroforestry; a further review of the potential of agroforestry for soil conservation, covering both erosion control and maintenance of fertility; the construction of a computerized model to predict soil changes under agroforestry systems; and a handbook of practical methods of agroforestry for soil and water conservation in dryland Africa. In research on land evaluation, an environmental data base has been established, leading to a capacity to obtain information, for environmental conditions similar to those of a given site or area, on publications, multipurpose trees, crops, existing agroforestry systems and current experimental work. Land evaluation for agroforestry cannot be achieved merely by synthesis of methods from agriculture and forestry, but will require more data on the performance of agroforestry land utilization types. Recognition of problems of environmental degradation has become an integral part of planning for agroforestry research. By means of a partial synthesis between land evaluation and diagnosis and design, a procedure of site selection for agroforestry research and development has been established.Principal Scientist, ICRAF 相似文献
19.
Comparison of the erosion control potential of agroforestry systems in the Himalayan region 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
L. Bregman 《Agroforestry Systems》1993,21(2):101-116
The great erosion control potential of agroforestry systems is generally recognized. However, insufficient data are available to be able to give absolute quantitative values for the erosion control potential of specific agroforestry systems or to compare their potential. To obtain such quantitative erosion data, long-term standard erosion measurements should be done in specific agroforestry systems. Such measurements may become very costly because the data need to be collected in a wide range of agroforestry systems on different sites over a long time. A further constraint is the reliability of such information: erosion figures may not be comparable because of discrepancy between the scale of measurement and the scale of the agroforestry system and the occurrence of different kinds of erosion. The methodology presented here enables a quick comparative estimation of the erosion (surface erosion, gully erosion and mass movement) control potential of different agroforestry systems. The erosion control value of agroforestry systems is related to their protective functions: the cover, barrier and soil reinforcement functions. The methodology involves identifying which features influence these different functions within a specific agroforestry system and subsequently evaluating the efficacy. The applicability of this methodology is demonstated with examples from various agroforestry systems in the Himalayan region. 相似文献
20.
The development of agroforestry education and training is hampered by a shortage of information on agroforestry practices
and systems and by institutional constraints which limit effective transfer of existing knowledge. Generation of knowledge
through research and the effective sharing of information on agroforestry are critical to the building of a solid resource
base for agroforestry education. Networks of individuals and institutions can accelerate the development of resources for
agroforestry education. Primary activities of an agroforestry network would include the development and dissemination of training
materials on agroforestry, curriculum development and training of teaching staff. Critical considerations for the successful
establishment and operation of a network include: (1) focusing the network on a problem and identifying sufficient interest,
(2) personnel requirements such as an institution with a strong commitment, and (3) other resource requirements such as funds
for network meetings, publications and research. 相似文献