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据《果树学报》2012年第1期《苹果、梨园悬挂黄色黏板诱虫的生态效应》(作者陈汉杰等)报道,为了探索苹果、梨园悬挂黄色黏板诱集昆虫的生态效应,对开花前悬挂的黄板,到6月底麦收后收集样本,调查诱集昆 相似文献
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1 黄板诱蚜 有翅成蚜对黄色、橙黄色有较强的趋性 ,可在黄板上涂抹 10号机油、凡士林等诱杀。黄板的大小一般为 15～ 2 0ｃｍ见方。插或挂于田间 ,黄板诱满蚜虫后要及时更换。2 银灰膜避蚜 银灰色对蚜虫有较强的驱避性 ,可在田间挂银灰色塑料条或用银灰色地膜覆盖农作物 ,对由蚜虫迁飞传染病毒有积极的防治作用。3 洗衣粉灭蚜 洗衣粉对蚜虫有较强的触杀作用。每 666 7ｍ2 用洗衣粉 4 0 0～ 5 0 0倍液 60～ 80ｋｇ ,连喷 2～ 3次 ,可收到较好的防治效果。4 植物灭蚜 ①用干制烟叶 1ｋｇ加水 30ｋｇ ,浸泡 2 4小时 ,过滤后喷施。②小… 相似文献
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为探究诱虫板对紫花苜蓿田(Medicago sativa L.)中牧草盲蝽(Lygus pratensis Linnaeus)的诱集作用,本研究分别于2021和2022年,在生长期苜蓿田设置8种不同颜色诱虫板、20 cm和50 cm两个不同悬挂高度、田间边缘和中央两个不同挂板地段和每日早上(7:00—11:00)、中午(11:00—15:00)、下午(15:00—19:00)及晚上(19:00—次日7:00)4个不同挂板时段,调查不同诱虫板及悬挂方式对牧草盲蝽的诱集效果。结果表明两年中牧草盲蝽均对绿色诱虫板趋性最强,试验期间每5 d的平均诱集量分别为9.41头·板-1和10.79头·板-1,显著高于其他7种色板(P<0.05);绿色诱虫板悬挂高度在50 cm处诱集效果显著高于20 cm处(P<0.05);在田间边缘地段较中央地段诱虫板的诱集效果好(P<0.05);在每日监测的4个时段内,下午时段诱集到的虫量最多;5月下旬和6月下旬牧草盲蝽为害达到高峰,第二茬苜蓿及前两茬苜蓿现蕾期诱集到的牧草盲蝽数量最多。 相似文献
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为了探索梨瘿蚊无害化的防治方法,本文连续2年开展了黄色、蓝色、深蓝色、白色、绿色、紫色、灰色、黑色和粉红色9 种不同颜色的色板对梨瘿蚊的诱集效果的比较,同时探索了黄板在田间的使用方法。通过连续2年的调查结果表明,梨瘿蚊对黄色色板趋性最大,与其它8种颜色色板之间存在极显著差异(P<0.05)。当黄色色板的悬挂高度分别为0.5m、1.0m、1.5m 和 2.0m时,以不高于1.5m 的诱杀效果为最佳（P<0.05）;间距分别为 2 m、3 m、4 m 、5 m 和6m时,以4m间距的诱虫量最多,但是不同间距之间的诱虫量在（P<0.05）的水平上差异不显著。诱虫板设在树体的不同方位之间诱虫量的差异不显著（P<0.05） 相似文献
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本文利用性诱剂对象山县柑橘园中的柑橘潜叶蛾Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton进行了种群动态监测,同时研究了诱捕器不同悬挂高度、位置及离橘园不同距离对性诱剂诱集柑橘潜叶蛾效果的影响。结果表明,柑橘潜叶蛾虫量在8月开始迅速上升,8月12日达到最高峰,9月到10月间断出现4个小高峰,11月之后虫量很低;性诱捕装置所诱柑橘潜叶蛾数量显著高于对照组;诱捕器的悬挂高度对性诱剂诱捕柑橘潜叶蛾的诱集量无显著影响;在树冠边缘和树冠中心悬挂诱捕器对性诱剂诱捕柑橘潜叶蛾也无显著影响;柑橘潜叶蛾性诱剂的有效诱捕距离应在20m范围之内,超过20m则诱虫效果显著下降。上述结果表明,科学使用性诱剂可以有效控制象山县柑橘潜叶蛾的危害,为当地带来重要的经 济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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采用黄色粘虫板对梨园内柑橘小实蝇成虫的诱杀效果进行了研究,结果表明：好粘对柑橘小实蝇的诱杀效果最好,试验期间7d内虫量达52.7头/板,雌虫比例为1.5%;其次为附有甲基丁香酚、甲基丁香酚 乙酸乙酯 乙醇的纽康牌黄板,7d内诱虫量分别为25.7头/板和24.6头/板;附有异丁香酚的黄板和单一黄板效果最差。另外,附有诱蝇酮的黄板对南瓜实蝇的效果较好。 相似文献
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黄板诱虫技术是利用昆虫的趋黄性诱杀农业害虫的一种物理防治技术,可诱杀蚜虫、白粉虱、小绿叶蝉等。黄板诱杀作为一种经济有效的物理防治方法，已受到广大农业科技工作者及茶农的重视，并在防治茶树、黄瓜、西瓜、菜地、棉田害虫等方面开展了研究，其应用前景广阔。 相似文献
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桑毛虫性信息素研究 Ⅲ.性诱测报试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用我们自行研究合成的桑毛虫性信息素(顺—7—十八碳烯醇异戊酸酯)聚乙烯塑料诱芯进行桑毛虫发生期的测报,巳获得成功。试验结果表明,性诱发蛾进度与田间产卵进度具有极显著的相关关系,性诱蛾量能比较真实地反映田间成虫的实际发生情况.用性诱蛾量高峰日预测成虫的产卵高峰和次代幼虫的孵化高峰期,解决了性诱测报中预先无法估计50％发蛾高峰期的难题,这对指导测报和防治具有十分重要的现实意义。与传统的黑光灯诱蛾测报法比较,性诱测报具有准确性高,方法简便,成本低廉等优点,是一项值得推广的新的测报方法。 相似文献
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Urech R Green PE Brown GW Spradbery JP Tozer RS Mayer DG Tack Kan Y 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(3-4):486-490
The performance of newly developed trapping systems for the Old World screw-worm fly, Chrysomya bezziana has been determined in field trials on cattle farms in Malaysia. The efficacy of non-sticky traps and new attractants to trap C. bezziana and non-target flies was compared with the standard sticky trap and Swormlure. The optimal trap was a modified LuciTrap(?) with a new attractant mixture, Bezzilure-2. The LuciTrap/Bezzilure-2 caught on average 3.1 times more C. bezziana than the sticky trap with Swormlure (P<0.05) and provided selectivity for C. bezziana against Chrysomya megacephala and Chrysomya rufifacies with factors of 5.9 and 6.4, respectively. The LuciTrap also discriminates with factors of 90 and 3.6 against Hemipyrellia sp. and sarcophagid flesh flies respectively, compared to the sticky trap. The LuciTrap/Bezzilure-2 system is recommended for screwworm fly surveillance as it is more attractive and selective towards C. bezziana and provides flies of better quality for identification than the sticky trap. 相似文献
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On four nights in June 2008, light traps were operated for Culicoides biting midges, the vector species for bluetongue virus (BTV), at five sites in Chester Zoo in north-west England. Over 35,000 Culicoides midges, of 25 species, were captured, including high densities inside animal enclosures. Over 94 per cent of all the Culicoides trapped were females of the Obsoletus group, which is implicated as the vector of BTV serotype 8 in northern Europe. The mean catch of this group per trap per night was over 1500, suggesting a potential risk of BTV transmission if the virus is introduced to Chester Zoo in the animals or midges in the summer. 相似文献
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苜蓿斑蚜对三个苜蓿品种幼苗氧化酶的影响 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
采用室内人工接虫的方法,研究HA-3(高抗)、甘农三号(中抗)和Hunter River(低抗)3种不同抗蚜苜蓿品种受苜蓿斑蚜(Therioaphis trifolii Monell)为害幼苗初期植株叶片SOD、POD、PPO等酶活性的变化。结果表明:苜蓿斑蚜为害后,3个苜蓿品种的SOD、POD、PPO的活性都显著上升,且随着虫口密度的增加而增强;苜蓿品种之间的SOD、POD、PPO活性变化存在显著差异;虽然HA-3苜蓿正常植株的SOD活性较高,但由于甘农三号苜蓿受蚜虫胁迫后SOD活性增长量大,使蚜虫胁迫植株的SOD活性与HA-3苜蓿没有显著差异;POD和PPO的活性在3个苜蓿品种正常植株之间没有显著差异,受蚜虫胁迫后,HA-3苜蓿的POD和PPO活性较高,甘农三号苜蓿次之,Hunter River苜蓿较低;3个苜蓿品种SOD、POD、PPO活性变化的差异,基本反映了其田间抗蚜性的差异水平。此研究对苜蓿抗蚜品种的选育及对蚜虫的持续控制具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Bonginkosi C Gumbi Julie T Shapiro Themba Mahlaba Robert McCleery Duncan MacFadyen 《African Zoology》2018,53(1):23-29
Grazing by large mammals alters vegetation physiognomy, consequently changing habitat suitability for small mammal communities. We investigated the response of terrestrial small mammals to grazing by wild and domesticated ungulates at the boundary of a protected area (Telperion Nature Reserve) and surrounding cattle ranches in Mpumalanga, South Africa over two seasons. Fifteen paired grids were set on either side of the boundary fence at which small mammals were trapped in Sherman live traps placed flat on the ground. A total of 11 760 trap nights resulted in the capture of 187 animals belonging to 14 species (11 rodents, two shrews and one elephant shrew). The small mammal communities in grasslands grazed by domesticated or wild ungulates were similar in abundance, species richness, diversity and demographic parameters, likely due to the fact that vegetation structure of the two grazing systems was also similar. We used generalised linear models to show that rock and grass cover were plausible predictors of small mammal abundance in this system. Rock cover showed a positive relationship with small mammal abundance whilst grass cover showed a negative relationship. Our observations suggest that at the scale of our study and with the current stocking densities, wild and domesticated ungulates have similar impacts on the small mammal community. 相似文献
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Fassotte C Delécolle JC Cors R Defrance T De Deken R Haubruge E Losson B 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,87(1-2):74-83
The collection of biting midges was taking place some months before the first bluetongue outbreak in Belgium in August 2006. The Walloon Agricultural Research Centre had been monitoring aphid populations at two sites annually in Belgium (Gembloux and Libramont), using two stationary '12-m' Rothamsted suction traps. For the Gembloux trap, collections of insects captured daily from 11 May 2006 onwards were already available at the time of the outbreak. An examination of these samples revealed the presence of Culicoides, some species of which are considered as potential vectors of the bluetongue virus (BTV). The trapping was therefore extended beyond the normal aphid activity period and the Culicoides captured were identified to species level. From 11 May to 31 December 2006, the Gembloux trap caught 664 Culicoides specimens belonging to 19 species comprising known BTV-vectors. The second trap, at Libramont, was reactivated from 12 September to 13 October and caught 97 specimens belonging to nine species, all of which had been found at the Gembloux site. Among the 19 species identified, four were new to Belgian fauna: Culicoides achrayi, C. deltus, C. lupicaris and C. newsteadi. This paper examines the overall phenology and the physiological status of Culicoides in 2006 before and during the bluetongue epidemic. It discusses the potential of the Rothamsted suction trap to monitor Culicoides. 相似文献
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为明确单宁酸对两种色型豌豆蚜生长发育及繁殖的影响,本研究采用豌豆蚜全纯人工饲料薄膜饲养技术,设置5组不同浓度的单宁酸,在适宜条件下分别饲养绿色型、红色型豌豆蚜,测定了豌豆蚜的存活率、产蚜量、相对日均体重增长率等指标。结果表明:单宁酸对两种生物型豌豆蚜的生长发育及繁殖有明显抑制作用,且对绿豌豆蚜的抑制作用明显大于红豌豆蚜。随着单宁酸浓度升高,两种色型豌豆蚜存活率、相对日均体重增长率均下降,5mg·L-1处理12天时绿色型豌豆蚜存活率、相对日均体重增长率分别为13.3±3.3%和0.20±0.01%,红色型分别为20.0±5.8%和0.19±0.00%,与CK间差异显著(P0.05);5mg·L-1时绿豌豆蚜产蚜量和产蚜率最低,分别为2.0±0.0头/单雌和6.7±3.3%,与CK间差异显著(P0.05)。研究结果可为次生代谢物质抗豌豆蚜的生化机理研究提供理论依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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禾谷缢管蚜与内生真菌互作对醉马草幼苗的生理影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过测定一系列生理变化指标,研究人工接种条件下禾谷缢管蚜(Rhopalosiphumpadi (L.))对带内生真菌(E+)与不带菌(E-)醉马草(Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng)幼苗的影响.结果表明:在一定时期内,禾谷缢管蚜刺吸可使醉马草幼苗叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量显著降低(P<0.05),同一个虫口密度E+与E-植株之间差异显著(P<0.05);幼苗体内SOD活性和POD活性均随危害时间的延长而显著升高(P<0.05),同一个虫口密度E+与E-植株之间差异显著(P<0.05);接种蚜虫可使MDA和游离脯氨酸的含量显著提高(P<0.05),同一个虫口密度内E+与E-植株之间差异显著(P<0.05).综上所述,内生真菌的侵染可以在一定程度上间接影响禾谷缢管蚜取食,进而影响醉马草幼苗生理生化的变化. 相似文献