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本文测定了自制植物源农药对柑桔大实蝇不同虫态的毒力、化蛹及羽化的影响。根据毒力测试验结果：自制植物源农药对低龄幼虫的毒性最高,对老熟幼虫的毒性最低,LC50分别为130.3584和25163.2300。根据羽化和化蛹结果：不同倍数自制植物源农药对柑桔大实蝇的化蛹和羽化都存在一定程度影响,但都以25到50倍影响最为明显,和毒力测定的结果不是很一致,但化蛹和羽化的结果比较一致。 相似文献
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摘要：为巩固发展云阳优质柑桔支柱产业,探索诱杀柑桔大实蝇成虫的环保药剂,结果表明,参试的6种药剂防效均达80%以上,绿色防控药剂0.1%阿维菌素果瑞特果实蝇诱杀剂、0.1%阿维菌素糖酒醋液防效分别达98.7%、97.68%,优于敌百虫、乙基多杀菌素、毒死蜱和阿维菌素;食物诱杀药剂防治柑桔大实蝇成虫,应在果园监测到成虫开始取食或羽化出土始期给药,并持续于整个羽化、取食、产卵期,喷洒颗粒液体诱杀效果显著。 相似文献
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一、发生规律柑桔花蕾蛆,又名花蛆、桔蕾瘿蚊。成虫似小蚊,在柑桔花蕾上产卵,以蛆状的幼虫为害花器官,受害花形似“灯笼”或“算盘子”,使其不能开花结果而减产。一般减产20％左右,严重者减产50％以上。花蕾蛆一年发生一代,部分发生二代,以老熟幼虫在土中越冬,次年3月化蛹,3～4月柑桔花蕾开始露白时羽化为成虫出土,1～2天交尾,一般早、晚飞到柑桔花蕾上产卵,孵化为幼虫在花蕾中为害,约10天左右,便爬出花蕾弹跳入土或随落蕾入土作茧,翌年3月化蛹,继续为害柑桔花蕾。二、防治方法根据果园头年花蕾蛆的有无、当年春季的降雨量、土壤湿度和花蕾发育程度加以预测和防治。其关键是抓 相似文献
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桔潜又称潜叶甲,属鞘翅目,叶甲科。各柑桔产区均有发生,只为害柑桔类果树,以山地果园发生严重。我县柑桔园以前仅零星发生,为害轻,近年有逐年为害加重的趋势,成为桔园的主要害虫。据对我县10余个果园调查,春梢被害率达15%～20%,严重者达50%以上,造成叶片枯萎大量脱落,树势衰弱,落花落果严重,减产20%～30%,果实品质下降。1发生规律及生活习性桔潜一年发生1代。成虫在树干树皮裂缝、地衣、苔藓内及树干周围土里越冬,越冬成虫于3月中下旬开始活动,4月上旬开始产卵,4月中旬至5月下旬为幼虫为害期,4月中下旬幼虫盛发,5月上旬开始化蛹,5月中下旬羽… 相似文献
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地中海是全球重要的柑桔产地,但该地区的柑桔却因地中海实蝇困扰,竞争力大大下降。地中海实蝇是一种重要的农业害虫,主要通过幼虫为害成熟果实,成虫在成熟柑桔果实上产卵,幼虫孵化后留在果实内蛀食果肉。地中海地区的柑桔产量占全球柑桔总产量的20%左右,出口量则占全球柑桔出口总量的55%。 相似文献
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通过埋蛹观察、幼虫罩养等方法,基本摸清了桑园枣尺蠖在江苏睢宁地区的发生规律,即枣尺蠖在睢宁地区大部分是1年发生1代,少数以蛹滞育的2年发生1代,其蛹期长达10个月,雌成虫寿命为6d左右,雄成虫寿命为8d左右,卵期一般在20 ～ 35 d,而盛羽化时期所产卵的卵期一般在25～ 30 d.根据枣尺蠖的发生规律,采用埋蛹观察法,或灯光诱蛾法,或积温法进行成虫羽化期的预测;采用积温预测法,或物候预测法进行幼虫发生期的测报,并提出了采取以药物防治为主、农业防治和物理防治相结合的综合防治措施. 相似文献
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在浙江省义乌市,1988年首次发现梨花蕾蛆(梨花瘿蚊)为害,目前已蔓延全市梨园。受害花蕾似灯笼状逐渐干枯变黑,梨花蕾蛆在义乌1年发生1代,以蛹在0～2.0cm探的土内越冬,翌年2月下旬开始越冬蛹羽化成虫出土(气温高时羽化早,气温低时羽化迟),成虫出土后很快交尾产卵,3月中旬为幼虫孵化高峰期,幼虫孵化后为害花蕾。老熟幼虫从变黑的花蕾中爬出,沿枝干爬下或掉入地面,半小时左右即入土,至6～7月便在土中化蛹越夏越冬。梨花蕾蛆在阴湿低洼坡脚及溪边地为害较地势高燥的山地严重。主要为害砂梨,花期越早的品种 相似文献
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1997年开始 ,在广西恭城县莲花镇红岩屯个别果园发现柑桔云翅粉虱为害柑桔及恭城月柿。 2 0 0 0年波及全县 (个别山区乡除外 ) ,主要为害恭城月柿 ,其寄主还有柑桔类、四季青、黄荆柴等。该虫繁殖快 ,扩散迅速 ,危害严重 ,已成为恭城月柿生产上的一种最主要的害虫。云翅粉虱属同翅目 ,粉虱科 ,以末龄若虫越冬 ,翌年 3月开始羽化成虫 ,虫体为浅褐色 ,翅白色 ,成虫寿命约为 5～ 7天 ,主要产卵于叶背。幼虫初孵化期为浅黄色 ,随虫龄增长而变深。幼虫吸食叶液 ,为害树体 ,幼虫期约为 15～ 2 0天。识别该虫主要依据是蛹壳的特征 ,蛹壳为白色、近… 相似文献
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摘要：对黔南州都匀市柑桔园实蝇系统监测表明：柑桔园实蝇优势种群为柑桔大实蝇和柑桔小实蝇,柑桔大实蝇成虫发生量占实蝇总发生量68.41%,发生时段为5月中旬至9月上旬,发生动态呈单峰型,最高峰值出现在6月7日;柑桔小实蝇成虫发生量占实蝇总发生量28.79%,发生时段为5月中旬至10月下旬,发生动态呈双峰型,第一个高峰值出现在9月2日,第二个高峰值出现在9月23日。 相似文献
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近年来,柑桔大实蝇在宜昌柑桔产区有为害范围扩大、为害程度加剧的趋势[1],防治工作也因此逐年加强。为准确掌握大实蝇羽化时期,降低防治成本,提高防治效果,夷陵、长阳等县市多年来对其开展羽化监测[1] [2] [3],但各地在监测技术上没有一个统一标准和操作规程。为规范大实蝇在宜昌产区的监测技术,达到提高监测效果的目的,笔者提出了夸区域联合监测理念,对监测点的选址、建池规格、信息发布、资料存档与共享等技术进行了初步阐述,以求得同仁者的补充和完善。 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
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In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献